ARNOBIT, Ivan Louis C.

3651 CHEM 1221 LEC ANACHEM

1 BSChE – 3 2220318 7:30-9:30 MW; (2ND SEM 2022)

ASSIGNMENT 2

1. How many grams of ethylene glycol, C 2H4(OH)2 , must be dissolved in 200 grams of water to
produce a solution which freezes at -2.10C?

Given: wtH2O = 200g = 0.2 kg Required: meg = ?

Tf sol’n = –2.1 C Tf H2O = 0C

Solution:
MWeg = 24 + 4 + 2(17) = 62 g/mol

t ( ) ( ) g [ ] g
g

2. A solution made from water and a non-dissociating solute, X, contains 10.0 g of solute X
and 800 g of water. The freezing point of the solution is -0.31C. What is the molecular
weight (MW) of X?

Given: wtx = 10.0g wtH2O = 800g = 0.8kg Required: MW = ?

Tf sol’n = -0.31C Tf H2O = 0C

Solution:
MW = 75 g/mol
( )  
( 
)

3. The freezing point of a solution containing 65 g of a compound in 100 g of benzene is 3.8C.

What is the MW of the compound if the freezing point of benzene is 5.5C and kf is 4.9C /
molal?

Given: wtx = 65g wtC6H6 = 100g = 0.1kg Required: MWx = ?

Tfsol’n = 3.8C Tf C6H6 = 5.5C
kf = 4.9C/m

Solution:

( )  
( 
)
4. Calculate the boiling point of a solution that contains 1.5 g of glycerin, C 3H8O3, in 30 g of
water.

Given: wtg = 1.5g wtH2O = 30g = 0.03kg Required: Tb sol’n = ?

Tb H2O = 100C kb = 0.52C/m

Solution:
MW = 3(12) + 8 + 3(16) = 92 g/mol

( )[ ]  
( )

Tb sol’n = 100.2826 C

5. A solution of 1.04 g of unknown solute, A, in 25.3 g of benzene has a boiling point of 80.78
C. Under the same conditions, pure benzene boiled at 80.06 C .Calculate the MW of A. (kb
of benzene = 2.53 C/ molal)

Given: wtA = 1.04g wtC6H6 = 25.3g = 0.0253 kg Required: MWA = ?

Tb sol’n = 80.78C Tb C6H6 = 80.06C
kb C6H6 = 2.53C/m

Solution:

( )
 
MWA = 144.4444 g/mol

6. The P of water at 28C is 28.35 mmHg. Compute the vapor pressure at 28C of a solution
containing 68 g of cane sugar in 1000 g of water .

Given: P H2O at 28C = 28.35 mmHg Required: P sol’n at 28C = ?

wtcs = 68g wtH2O = 1000g

Solution:
MW(C12H22O11) = 12(12) + 22 + 11(16) = 342 g/mol
MWH2O = 18 g/mol

⁄
  g ( ) g

P sol’n = 28.2489 mmHg

7. What would be the osmotic pressure at 17C of an aqueous solution containing 1.75
sucrose per 150 mL solution ?

Given: T = 17C + 273.15 = 290.15K Required: Π ?

Wts = 1.75 g Vsol’n = 150 mL = 0.15L

Solution:
MW(C12H22O11) = 12(12) + 22 + 11(16) = 342 g/mol
Π [ ]( ) t
( )

Π 21 atm

8. An aqueous solution containing 1.00 g of solute X per liter has an osmotic pressure of 3.1
torr at 25C. Find the MW of solute X.

Given: wtx = 1.00g per Liter Π torr Required: MWx = ?

T = 25C + 273.15 = 298.15 K

Solution: Basis of 1L solution

( )

( )
MWx = 5997.4315 g/mol

9. A solution is prepared by dissolving in 3.00 g of naphthalene ( C 10H8 ) in 20.0 g of benzene (

C6H6).

Given: wtC10H8 = 3.00g wtC6H6 = 20.0g kb C6H6 = 2.53 C/m

kf C6H6 = 5.12 C/m Tf C6H6 = 5.53C Tb C6H6 = 80.1C

a. What is the freezing point of the solution? (kf of benzene=4.9C/molal)

Required: Tf sol’n = ?
Solution:
MWC10H8 = 10(12) + 8 = 128 g/mol

 ( )[ ] 
( )

Tf sol’n = –0.47C

b. What is the mole fraction of benzene in the solution?

Required: yC6H6 = ?
Solution:
MWC6H6 = 6(12) + 6 = 78 g/mol
 ⁄

yC6H6 = 0.9162

c. What is the boilingpoint of the solution? (kb of benzene=2.53C/molal)

Required: Tb sol’n = ?
Solution:

( )[ ]  
( )

Tb sol’n = 83.0648 C

10. How many grams of glucose , C 6H12O6, are required to lower the freezing point of 150 g of
water by 0.75C? What will be the boiling point of the solution?

Given: wtH2O = 150g = 0.15kg Δ C Required: wtglu = ?

Kb H2O = 0.52 C/m

Solution:
MWglu = 6(12) + 12 + 6(16) = 180 g/mol
 ( )
 g

wtglu = 38.9423 g

11. If 8.0 L of ethylene glycol , C 2H4(OH)2, density = 1.113 g/mL, is placed in an automobile
radiator and diluted with 32 L of water, density = 1.0 g/mL, what is the approximate freezing
point of the solution?

Given: Veg = 8.0L = 8000mL ρ eg = 1.113g/mL Required: Tf sol’n = ?

VH2O = 32L = 32000mL ρ H2O = 1.0g/mL
Tf H2O = 0C kf H2O = 1.86C/m

Solution:
wteg = 8000mL(1.113g/mL) = 8904 g MWeg = 2(12) + 4 + 2(17)
wtH2O = 32000mL(1g/mL) = 32000 g = 32kg = 62 g/mol


 ( )[ ] 
( )

Tf sol’n = –8.3475 C
12. Calculate approximately how much methanol , CH3OH, would be needed for an automobile
radiator holding 4.0 gal to keep the radiator solution from freezing until a temperature of –
10.0F is reached?

Given: ’ (–  – )( )  Required: wtmet = ?

VH2O = 4.0gal Tf H2O = 0C
kf H2O = 1.86C/m

Solution: Basis of water as solvent

t ρ ( g l )( ) g
MWmet = 12 + 3 + 17 = 32 g/mol

(   ) ( )
’
t  g
wtmet = 6078.1878 g

13. Which solution has the lower freezing point?

a. 10.0 g of CH3OH in 100.0 g H2O or 20.0 g CH3CH2OH in 200.0 g of H2O

Given: wtmet = 10.0g wtH2O = 100.0g = 0.1kg equired: sol’n lo er f =?

wteth = 20.0g wtH2O = 200.0 g = 0.2kg

Solution:
MWeth = 2(12) + 6 + 16 = 46 g/mol MWmet = 32 g/mol

FP of Methanol Solution

’  ( )[ ] 
( )

Tf sol’n = –5.8125 C

FP of Ethanol Solution

’  ( )[ ]
( )

Tf sol’n = –4.0435 C

Methanol solution has a lower freezing point

 b. 10.0 g of H2O in 1.00 kg of CH3OH or 10.0 g CH3CH2OH in 1.00 kg of CH3OH

Given: wtH2O = 10.0g wtmet = 1.00kg equired: sol’n lo er f =?

wteth = 10.0g

Solution:
MWeth = 2(12) + 6 + 16 = 46 g/mol MWH2O = 18 g/mol

Water in Methanol Solution Since both solutions have the

same solvent, higher m equals
( )
lower Tf
Ethanol Solution
Water in methanl has lowerTf
( )

14. Which solution has the higher boiling point?

a. 35.0 g of C3H8O3 in 250 g ethanol or 35.0 g of C 2H6O2 in 250.0 g ethanol

Given: wtgly = 35.0g wteg = 35.0g equired: sol’n higher b =?

wteth = 250.0g = 0.25kg

Solution:
Glycerol Solution
MWgly = 3(12) + 8 + 3(16) = 92 g/mol Since both solutions have the
same solvent, higher m equals
( )

higher Tb
Ethylene Glycol Solution
MWeg = 2(12) + 4 + 2(16) = 62 g/mol Ethylene glycol solution has
higher Tb
( )

b. 20.0 g C2H6O2 in 0.50 kg of H2O or 20.0 g of NaCl in 0.50 kg of H2O

Given: wteg = 20.0g wtNaCl = 20.0g equired: sol’n higher b =?

WtH2O = 0.50kg

Solution:
Ethylene Glycol Solution
MW = 62 g/mol Since both solutions have the
same solvent, higher m equals
( )

higher Tb
 Sodium Chloride Solution Sodium chloride solution has
MW = 23 + 35 = 58 g/mol higher Tb
( )

15. Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution of 44.0 g of glycerol (C 3H6O3) in 500.0g of water
at 25C. The vapor pressure of water at 25C is 23.76 torr.

Given: P H2O = 23.76 torr wtgly = 44.0 g Required: P sol’n =

wtH2O = 500.0 g

Solution:
MWgly = 3(12) + 6 + 3(16) = 90 g/mol MWH2O = 18 g/mol

⁄
  torr ( ) torr

P sol’n = 23. 3491 torr

16. Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution of 0.39 mol of cholesterol in 5.4 mol of toluene at
32C. Pure toluene has a vapor pressure of 41 torr at 32C.

Given: ncho = 0.39 mol nC7H8 = 5.4 mol Required: P sol’n =

P C7H8 = 41 torr

Solution:
  torr ( ) torr
P sol’n = 38.2383 torr

17. What is the freezing point of 0.111 m of urea in water?

Given: m = 0.111m kf H2O = 1.86C/m Required: Tf sol’n = ?

Solution:

 ( ) 
Tf sol’n = –0.2065 C

18. What is the boiling point of 0.200 m lactose in water?

Given: m = 0.200m kf H2O = 1.86C/m Required: Tb sol’n = ?

 Solution:

 ( ) 
Tf sol’n = 100.372 C

19. The boiling point of ethanol (C 2H5OH) is 78.5C. What is the boiling point of 3.4 g of vanillin
(MW = 152.14 g/mol) in 50.0 g of ethanol (kb of ethanol = 1.22 C/m).

Given: Tb eth = 78.5C wtv = 3.4g kb eth = 1.22C/m Required: Tb sol’n = ?

MWv = 152.14 g/mol wteth = 50.0g = 0.05kg

Solution:

( )[ ]  
( )

Tb sol’n = 79.0453 C

20. What is the minimum mass of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) that must be dissolved in 14.5 kg of
water to prevent the solution from freezing at -10.0F?

Given: wtH2O = 14.5kg Tf H2O = 0C kf H2O = 1.86C/m Required: wteg = ?

’ (–  – )( ) 

Solution:
MWeg = 2(12) + 6 + 2(16) = 62 g/mol
(   ) ( )
’
t  g
wteg = 11277.7778 g

21. Wastewater discharged into a stream by a sugar refinery contains sucrose (C 12H22O11) as its
main impurity. The solution contains 3.42g of sucrose/L. A government industry project is
designed to test the feasibility of removing the sugar by reverse osmosis. What pressure
must be applied to the apparatus at 20C to produce pure water?

Given: wtsuc = 3.42g per L T = 20C + 273.15 = 293.15 K

Required:  = ?

Solution: Basis of 1 liter solution

MWsuc = 12(12) + 22 + 11(16) = 342 g/mol
[ ]( ) t
( )

 = 0.2405 atm
22. In a study designed to prepare new gasoline-resistant coatings, a polymer chemist dissolves
6.053 g of poly(vinyl alcohol) in enough water to make 100.0 mL of solution. At 25C, the
osmotic pressure of this solution is 0.272 atm. What is the molar mass of the polymer
sample?

Given: wtpol = 6.053g Vsol’n = 100.0mL = 0.1L Required: MWpol = ?

T = 25C + 273.15 = 298.15 K  = 0.272atm

Solution:
( )

MW = 5443.9631 g/mol