LESSON PLAN

ON
PREVENTION OF MINOR ACCIDENTS IN
CHILDREN
 LESSON PLAN

TOPIC : Prevention of minor accidents in children.

Class : III year B.Sc Nursing students

DURATION : 60 minutes

METHOD OF TEACHING : Lecture cum discussion

A.V AIDS : Black Board(BB), Chart, Flash card, LCD projector, OHP.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE : By the end of the class, students will be able to acquire knowledge about
Prevention of minor accidents in children.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES : At the end of the class the student will be able to,
 State the meaning of accident
 Mention incidence of accidents in children
 Discuss prevention of injuries in children
 Describe prevention of burns in children
 Explain prevention of falls in children
 Explain prevention of choking and suffocation in children
 List out preventive measures of drowning in children
 Elaborate prevention of poisoning in children
TIME SPECIFIC CONTENTS TEACHERS LEARNERS AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY AIDS
1min Introduce the Introduction: Write the topic Listening the Black What is
topic on the black introduction. board accident?
Accidents and injuries are common, especially among board.
young children aged 1 – 4 years of age. Accidents are
Introduce the
happening that are usually unintended and unforeseen. topic.
Accidents sometimes result from negligence. But most
child injuries can be prevented. Parents can play a life-
saving role in protecting children from injuries.

1 min State the Meaning

meaning of What is an
An accident is a happening that is not intended, Write sub title Listening Black
pain accident?
foreseen or expected that can cause an injury or any on black explanation. board
other harm. board.

2min Mention the INCIDENCE

incidence of Interacting. Black Who are in risk
Write subtitle
accident in Children under the age of four years old have the most board of accident?
accidents at home and boys are more likely to have on black
children
accidents than girls. board.
Describe
Older children are more likely to sustain fractures than incidence of
younger children. Younger children have a higher childhood
percentage of burns and scalds as well as poisoning accident.
and ingestion accidents.
Ask questions.
TIME SPECIFIC CONTENTS TEACHERS LEARNERS AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY AIDS
15 Discuss PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS IN CHILDREN: Explain Listening LCD How to avoid
min prevention of prevention of explanations. Projector play ground
injuries in  Identify and avoid accident risk situations. accidents and Asking injuries?
children.  Never leave a child unattended. injuries in doubts.
 Use safety precautions in the handling and children.
storage of sharps, Heavy objects or toxic
materials
 Promoting safety does not require overprotection
- this would delay development and increase the
risk of obesity.
Play ground injuries
Take steps to keep kids safe by:
 Checking that playgrounds have soft material
under them such as wood chips, sand.
.
 Reading playground signs and using
playground equipment that is right for your
child’s age.
 Making sure there are guardrails in good
condition to help prevent falls.
 Looking out for things in the play area that can
trip your child, like tree stumps or rocks.
TIME SPECIFIC CONTENTS TEACHERS LEARNERS AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY AIDS
Cuts and bumps .
 Use safety glass in low doors/windows, or cover
with safety film.
 Keep scissors, knives and razors out of children's
reach.
 Cover sharp corners; use door stoppers to prevent
trapped fingers.

6 min Describe SCALDS AND BURNS Explain the Listening, LCD How to protect
prevention of topic with the discussing projector. child from
burns in Hot drinks cause most scalds to children under the age help of LCD burns?
children of five. ‘A child’s skin is much more sensitive than an projector.
adult’s and a hot drink can still scald a child 15
minutes after being made.

 Cook with care.

 Use safe cooking practices, such as never leaving
food unattended in the kitchen. Also, supervise or
restrict children’s use of stoves, ovens, and
microwaves.
 Don’t allow the child to play with fire or hot
objects.
 Never hold a hot drink and a child at the same time
TIME SPECIFIC CONTENTS TEACHERS LEARNERS AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY AIDS
5 min Explain Falls
prevention of Write subtitle Actively Black board How to protect a
falls in  Do not place your child’s cot, bed, playpen or on black participate in child from fall?
children highchair near a window board. discussion.
 Make your home safer: Use home safety devices, Start Note points.
such as guards on windows that are above ground discussion.
level, stair gates, and guard rails. These devices can
help keep a busy, active child from taking a
dangerous tumble.
 Teach older children how to climb stairs but
supervise them.
 Don't leave your baby unattended on a bed, sofa or
table, even for a second. Don't let children under the
age of five to sleep on the top of a table.
 Keep low furniture away from windows. Fit windows
with safety locks.

10 Explain
min prevention of Strangulation and suffocation LCD How can you
Explaining
suffocation in Listening prevent
the prevention carefully projector.
children  Keep all ties and cords short (eg, on curtains, chocking?
of suffocation
blinds and switches) to avoid a child being in children.
strangled by the cord.
 Do not tie or hang things to babies' cots, and keep
 all toy ribbons short.

Choking (Aspiration)

 Child may swallow nuts, seeds, candies, buttons,

parts of toys etc.
 Cut food up small enough for a child's mouth;
don't give young children hard food such as
boiled sweets or nuts.
 Don't leave children alone when eating;
encourage them to sit still while they are eating.
 Keep small objects such as coins and buttons
away from babies and toddlers.
 Keep plastic bags out of reach.

Good toys for young infants:

 Rattles, large rings, squeeze toys, teething toys,

soft dolls, textured balls, and vinyl and board
books.
 pictures of faces hung so baby can see them and
unbreakable mirrors.

Good toys for older infants:

 baby dolls, puppets, plastic and wood vehicles with

wheels, and water toys.
 plastic bowls, large beads, balls, and nesting toys.
 large soft blocks and cubes.
large balls, push and pull toys, and low, soft things
to crawl over.
Good toys for 1-year-olds:

 Board books with simple photographs of real

objects
 wide non-toxic, washable markers, crayons, and
large paper
 toy phones, dolls and doll beds, baby carriages and
strollers, dress-up purses, puppets, stuffed toys,
plastic animals, and plastic vehicles.
Good toys for 2-year-olds:

 blocks, dress-up clothes, dolls with accessories,

puppets.
Good toys for 3- to 6-year-olds:
Things for solving problems—puzzles (with 12 to 20+
pieces), blocks that snap together, collections of
plastic bottle caps, plastic bowls and lids, keys, shells,
counting bears, small colored blocks.
Things to create with—large and small crayons and
markers, large and small paintbrushes, large and small
paper for drawing and painting, paste, paper and
cloth scraps, and instruments.
 large and small balls for kicking and
throwing/catching, ride-on equipment including
tricycles, plastic bats and balls, plastic bowling pins.
Safety and children's toys
Safe toys for young children are well-made (with no
sharp parts or splinters and do not pinch); painted with
nontoxic, lead-free paint; shatter-proof; and easily
cleaned.

5 min Discuss the Drowning

prevention of Start Black board What are the
drowning in  Children can drown in a few inches of water; they
must be supervised at all times when they are discussion on measures to
children Actively
prevention of participate in prevent
playing near like buckets or basins with water or
drowning drowning?
near ponds, water containers or pools. discussion

 Ponds or pools must be properly fenced.

Poisoning Actively
5 min Discuss the  Keep chemicals and medicines out of sight and Start participate in Black board What are the
prevention of reach. discussion on discussion measures to
poisoning in  Lock them up and away: Keep medicines and prevention of prevent
children poisoning. poisoning in
toxic products, such cleaning solutions and children.
detergent pods, in their original packaging where
 children can’t see or get them.
 Don’t keep it if you don’t need it.
Don’t keep any toxic herbs or leaves in the
house or surrounding

6 min Discuss the

Prevention of Electric shock Start Actively Black board
prevention of discussion on participate in What are the
electric shock GENERAL ELECTRICAL SAFETY TIPS prevention of discussion measures to
in children electric shock
Unplug any electrical devices that get hot as soon as in children prevent electric
you’ve finished uing them. shock in
children
Safety-check your appliances

One plug per socket. Extensions can help you to run

more appliances at once, but they can be dangerous.

Turn appliances off before you go to bed.

What you can do

□ Disconnect the power supply before you touch an

injured child who is still receiving current; pull the
plug or turn off the main switch.
□ Never touch a live wire with your bare hands. If
you have to lift a live wire from a child, use a dry
stick, a rolled-up newspaper, thick clothing, or another
sturdy, dry, nonmetallic object that won't conduct
electricity.

TIME SPECIFIC CONTENTS TEACHERS LEARNERS AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY AIDS
2mt Summary
In this teaching programme we discussed about
accidents in children, prevention of injuries, burns,
suffocation, drowning, fall, poisoning and their first
aid management.

1mt Recapitulation questions

1. How to prevent fall in children?
2. How to prevent poisoning?
3. what are the prevention of burn injuries?

Conclusion
1mt
Injuries are the leading cause of death in children ages
19 and younger. But most child injuries can be
prevented. Parents and caregivers can play a life-
saving role in protecting children from injuries. Those
most at risk from a home accident are the 0-4 years
age group. Falls account for the majority of non-fatal
accidents while the highest numbers of deaths are due
to fire. Most of these accidents are preventable
through increased awareness, improvements in the
home environment and greater product safety.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Hannah Fox. 7 Common Childhood Accidents And How To Prevent Them. Mother&Baby. Available from

http://www.motherandbaby.co.uk/baby-and-toddler/baby-and-toddler-health-advice

2. Rebecca Fauth, Anthony Ellis. Reducing unintentional injuries in childhood. NCB Research. 2010; 9:1-36. Available from

www.ncb.uk.org

3. Injury Prevention & Control: Protect the Ones You Love — Child Injuries are Preventable. Available from

https://www.cdc.gov/safechild/

4. Concepts in accident prevention. Available from http://patient.info/doctor/accidents-and-their-prevention.

5. Accidents can be prevented. Available from http://www.capt.org.uk/safety-advice.

6. The Big Book of Symptoms: A-Z Guide to Your Child’s Health . American Academy of Pediatrics.2014.

Available from. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/injuries-emergencies/Pages/Electric-Shock