Scribd
Upload
96 views40 pages

Formulating Null & Alternative Hypothesis

The document discusses how to formulate null and alternative hypotheses when testing claims about population means. It provides examples of how to identify the parameter being tested, state the null and alternative hypotheses using proper notation, and determine whether a one-tailed or two-tailed test is needed depending on the alternative hypothesis. The document also explains how to write null and alternative hypotheses for examples involving claims about population means, average weights, prices, and other values.

Uploaded by

Mezhesabel Hallohesh Banasta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
96 views40 pages

Formulating Null & Alternative Hypothesis

The document discusses how to formulate null and alternative hypotheses when testing claims about population means. It provides examples of how to identify the parameter being tested, state the null and alternative hypotheses using proper notation, and determine whether a one-tailed or two-tailed test is needed depending on the alternative hypothesis. The document also explains how to write null and alternative hypotheses for examples involving claims about population means, average weights, prices, and other values.

Uploaded by

Mezhesabel Hallohesh Banasta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

FORMULATING NULL &

ALTERNATIVE
HYPOTHESIS ON A
POPULATION MEAN
GEMMA V. MAZO
Opening Prayer
Online Class House
Rules
OBJECTIVES:
● identify the notation to be used in
formulating hypotheses;
● illustrate one-tailed and two-tailed tests;
● differentiate null and alternative
hypotheses; and
● formulate null and alternative
hypotheses.
What’s In
What’s New
What is it
HYPOTHESIS

A statistical hypothesis is a statement


about a parameter and deals with
evaluating the value of parameter.
To state the null and alternative hypotheses correctly:

1. Identify the parameter in a given problem.


2. Identify the claim to be tested that may show
up in null or alternative hypothesis.
3. Translate the claim into mathematical
symbols/notations.
4. Formulate first the null hypothesis (𝐻𝑜) then
alternative hypothesis (𝐻𝑎) based on the three
different ways in writing hypothesis as illustrated
below
Example 1

The average weight of all Grade 11


students in Senior High School is 169cm.
Is this claim true?
Example 2

The average price per square meter of


residential lot in an exclusive subdivision is
above ₱15,000. A buyer wants to test the
agent’s claim.
Example 3
Holistic Fitness Center claims that their
members reduced an average of 13 pounds
after joining the center. An independent
agency wanted to check this claim took
sample of 40 members and found that they
reduced an average of 12 pounds with the
standard deviation of 4 pounds. Determine
the null and alternative hypothesis.
Example 4
The treasurer of a municipality claims that
the average net worth of families in the
municipality is at least ₱730,000. A random
sample of 50 families from this area
produced a mean net worth of ₱860,000
with standard deviation of ₱65,000. What
are the null and alternative hypotheses?
Example 5
An academic organization claimed that Grade
11 students’ study time is at most 240 minutes
per day, on average. Another survey was
conducted to find whether the claim is true.
The group took a random sample of 30
students and found a mean study time of 300
minutes with standard deviation of 90 minutes.
What are the null and alternative hypotheses?
One-Tailed and Two-Tailed Tes
The alternative hypothesis can take another form
depending on the value of the parameter. The
parameter may increase, decrease, or changed from
the null value. An alternative hypothesis predicts not
only the difference of sample mean from the
population mean but also how it would be different in
a specific direction - lower or higher. This test is
called a directional or one-tailed test because the
rejection region is entirely within one tail of the
distribution.
One-Tailed and Two-Tailed Tes
On the other hand, some hypotheses predict
only that one value will be different from
another, without additionally predicting which
will be higher. The test of such a hypothesis is
nondirectional or twotailed because an
extreme test statistic in either tail of the
distribution (positive or negative) will lead to
the rejection of the null hypothesis of no
difference.
Example 1
Teacher A wants to know if mathematical
games affect the performance of the students
in learning Mathematics. A class of 45
students was used in the study. The mean
score was 90 and the standard deviation was 3.
A previous study revealed that 𝝁 = 𝟖𝟓 and the
standard deviation 𝝈 = 𝟓.
Example 2

A piggery owner believes that using


organic feeds on his pigs will yield
greater income. His average income
from the previous year was ₱120, 000.
State the hypothesis and identify the
directional test.
Example 3

The average waiting time of all


costumers in a restaurant before
being served is less than 20
minutes. Determine the
hypotheses and the directional
test.
What’s More
Activity 2. Fill Me!
Activity 2. Fill Me!
Activity 2. Fill Me!
Activity 3. Let’ s Hypothesize

Directions: Write the null hypothesis


and alternative hypothesis in
notations for each given situation.
Activity 3. Let’ s Hypothesize
Activity 3. Let’ s Hypothesize
Activity 3. Let’ s Hypothesize
Activity 3. Let’ s Hypothesize
Activity 3. Let’ s Hypothesize
What have I learned
Assessment:

You might also like