COMSATS University Islamabad,

COMSATS Road, off GT Road, Sahiwal, Pakistan

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
SPECIFICATION
(SRS DOCUMENT)

for

<PROJECT NAME>
Version 1.0

By
Student Name 1 CIIT/SP09-BCS-xxx/SWL
Student Name 2 CIIT/SP09-BCS-xxx/SWL

Supervisor
Supervisor Name

Bachelor of Science in Computer Science (20xx-20xx)

 Table of Contents
Revision History ........................................................................................................................... 28
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 30
1.1 Purpose ...................................................................................................................................... 30
1.2 Scope ......................................................................................................................................... 30
2. Overall description................................................................................................................. 30
2.1 Product perspective ................................................................................................................... 30
2.2 Operating environment .............................................................................................................. 30
2.3 Design and implementation constraints ..................................................................................... 30
3. Requirement identifying technique ...................................................................................... 31
3.1 Use Case Diagram ..................................................................................................................... 31
3.2 Use Case Description................................................................................................................. 31
4. Specific Requirements ........................................................................................................... 33
4.1 System feature X ....................................................................................................................... 33
5. Quality attributes ....................................................................... 33
5.1 Usability .................................................................................................................................... 34
5.2 Performance ............................................................................................................................... 35
6. External interface requirements ........................................................................................... 35
6.1 User interfaces ........................................................................................................................... 35
6.2 Software interfaces .................................................................................................................... 35
6.3 Hardware interfaces ................................................................................................................... 35
6.4 Communications interfaces ....................................................................................................... 35
7. Project Gantt chart ................................................................................................................ 35
8. References ............................................................................................................................... 35
 Revision History
Name Date Reason for changes Version
 Application Evaluation History

Comments (by committee) Action Taken

*include the ones given at scope time both in doc and
presentation

Supervised by
<Supervisor’s Name>

Signature______________
Introduction
The introduction presents an overview to understand how the SRS is organized and how to use it.

Purpose

Identify the product or application whose requirements are specified in this document.

Scope

Provide a short description of the software being specified and its purpose. You might provide a
high-level summary of the major features the software contains or the significant functions that it
performs.

Overall description
Product perspective

Describe the product‟s context and origin. Is it the next member of a growing product line, the
next version of a mature system, a replacement for an existing application, or an entirely new
product?

Operating environment

Describe the environment in which the software will operate, which might include the hardware
platform; operating systems and versions; geographical locations of users, servers, and
databases; and organizations that host the related databases, servers, and websites.
Example:
OE-1: The System shall operate correctly with the following web browsers: Windows Internet
Explorer versions 7, 8, and 9; Firefox versions 12 through 26; Google Chrome (all versions);
and Apple Safari versions 4.0 through 8.0.

Design and implementation constraints

There are times when a certain programming language must be used, a code library that has
already had time invested to develop it needs to be used, and so forth. Describe any factors that
will restrict the options available to the developers and the rationale for each constraint.
1
Constraints are described further in Chapter 14 , “Beyond functionality.”
Example:

rd
1
Karl Wiegers and Joy Beatty, Software Requirements 3 edition.
Note: All the referenced chapters are selected from the above book
CO-1: The system shall use the current corporate standard Oracle database engine

Requirement identifying technique

This section describes the requirements identifying technique(s) which further help to derive
functional requirements specification. The selection of the technique(s) will depend on the type
of project. For instance,
 Use case is an effective technique for interactive end-user applications
 Event- response tables is for real time system and
 Story boarding for graphically intensive applications.
In addition to above, the projects involving data warehouses, batch processes, hardware devices
with embedded control software, and computationally intensive applications required to follow
other suitable techniques. Such techniques are described further in Chapter 12, “A picture is
worth 1024 words.” For documenting this section let consider identifying requirements through
use case as an example.

Use case diagram

Create a use case diagram using MS Visio for your system. For detail guideline to develop use
case diagram, follow any of latest UML book]

Use case description

The table below indicate a comprehensive use case template filled in with an example drawn
from the Cafeteria ordering system (COS). (Appendix C) shows more sample use cases written
according to this template. As with all templates, you don‟t complete this from top to bottom,
and you don‟t necessarily need all the template information for every use case. The template is
simply a structure in which to store the information you encounter during a use case discussion
in an organized and consistent fashion. The template reminds you of all the information you
should contemplate regarding each use case. For more detail see Chapter 8, “Understanding user
requirements”

Table 5 Show the detail use case template

Use Case ID: Enter a unique numeric identifier for the Use Case. e.g. UC-1
Use Case Enter a short name for the Use Case using an active verb phrase. e.g.
Name: Order a Meal
Actors: [An actor is a person or other entity external to the software system being
specified who interacts with the system and performs use cases to accomplish
tasks.] e.g.
Primary Actor:Patron Secondary Actors: Cafeteria Inventory System

Description: [Provide a brief description of the reason for and outcome of this use case.] e.g.
A Patron accesses the Cafeteria Ordering System from either the corporate
intranet or external Internet, views the menu for a specific date, selects food
 items, and places an order for a meal to be picked up in the cafeteria or delivered
to a specified location within a specified 15-minute time window.
Trigger: [Identify the event that initiates the use case.]e.g.
A Patron indicates that he wants to order a meal.
Preconditions: [List any activities that must take place, or any conditions that must be true,
before the use case can be started.
PRE-1. Patron is logged into COS.
PRE-2. Patron is registered for meal payments by payroll deduction.
Postconditions: [Describe the state of the system at the conclusion of the use case execution.
POST-1. Meal order is stored in COS with a status of “Accepted.”
POST-2. Inventory of available food items is updated to reflect items in this
order.
POST-3. Remaining delivery capacity for the requested time window is updated.
Normal Flow: [Provide a detailed description of the user actions and system responses that will
take place during execution of the use case under normal, expected conditions.
1.0 Order a Single Meal
1. Patron asks to view menu for a specific date. (see 1.0. E1, 1.0.E2)
2. COS displays menu of available food items and the daily special.
3. Patron selects one or more food items from menu. (see 1.1)
4. Patron indicates that meal order is complete. (see 1.2)
5. COS displays ordered menu items, individual prices, and total price, including
taxes and delivery charge.
6. Patron either confirms meal order (continue normal flow) or requests to modify
meal order (return to step 2).
7. COS displays available delivery times for the delivery date.
8. Patron selects a delivery time and specifies the delivery location.
9. Patron specifies payment method.
10. COS confirms acceptance of the order.
11. COS sends Patron an email message confirming order details, price, and
delivery instructions.
12. COS stores order, sends food item information to Cafeteria Inventory System,
and updates available delivery times.
Alternative [Document legitimate branches from the main flow to handle special conditions
Flows: (also known as extensions). For each alternative flow reference the branching
[Alternative step number of the normal flow and the condition which must be true for this
Flow 1 – Not in
Network]
extension to be executed. e.g.
1.1 Order multiple identical meals
1. Patron requests a specified number of identical meals. (see 1.1. E1)
2. Return to step 4 of normal flow.
1.2 Order multiple meals
1. Patron asks to order another meal.
2. Return to step 1 of normal flow.
Note: Insert a new row for each distinctive alternative flow. ]
Exceptions: 1.0. E1 Requested date is today and current time is after today‟s order cutoff time
1. COS informs Patron that it‟s too late to place an order for today.
2a. If Patron cancels the meal ordering process, then COS terminates use case.
2b. Else if Patron requests another date, then COS restarts use case.
 1.0. E2 No delivery times left
1. COS informs Patron that no delivery times are available for the meal date. 2a.
If Patron cancels the meal ordering process, then COS terminates use case. 2b.
Else if Patron requests to pick the order up at the cafeteria, then continue with
normal flow, but skip steps 7 and 8.
1.1. E1 Insufficient inventory to fulfill multiple meal order
1. COS informs Patron of the maximum number of identical meals he can order,
based on current available inventory.
2a. If Patron modifies number of meals ordered, then return to step 4 of normal
flow.
2b. Else if Patron cancels the meal ordering process, then COS terminates use
case.
Business Rules Use cases and business rules are intertwined. Some business rules constrain
which roles can perform all or parts of a use case. Perhaps only users who have
certain privilege levels can perform specific alternative flows. That is, the rule
might impose preconditions that the system must test before letting the user
proceed. Business rules can influence specific steps in the normal flow by
defining valid input values or dictating how computations are to be performed
e.g.
BR-1 Delivery time windows are 15 minutes, beginning on each quarter hour.
BR-2 Deliveries must be completed between 11:00 A.M. and 2:00 P.M. local
time, inclusive.

Note: If you are maintaining the business rule in a separate table in SRS then only
mention here their IDs.

Assumptions: [List any assumptions.

1. e.g. Assume that 15 percent of Patrons will order the daily special (Source:
previous 6 months of cafeteria data).

Functional Requirements
This section describes the functional requirements of the system expressed in natural language
style. This section is typically organized by feature as system feature name and specific
functional requirements associated with this feature. It is just one possible way to arrange them.
Other organizational options include arranging functional requirements by use case, process
flow, mode of operation, user class, stimulus, and response depend what kind of technique which
has been used to understand functional requirements. Hierarchical combinations of these
elements are also possible, such as use cases within user classes. For further detail see Chapter
10 “Documenting the requirements”. Let consider feature scheme as an example.

Functional Requirement X
Itemize the specific functional requirements associated with each feature. These are the software
capabilities that must be implemented for the user to carry out the feature‟s services or to
perform a use case. Describe how the product should respond to anticipated error conditions and
to invalid inputs and actions. Uniquely label each functional requirement, as described earlier.
You can create multiple attributes for each functional requirement, such as rationale, source,
dependencies etc. The following template is required to write functional requirements. For
further detail see Chapter 11” Writing excellent requirements”.

Table 6 Show the functional requirement template

Identifier Requirement ID
Title Title of requirement
Requirement Description of requirement which may be written either from user or
system perspective e.g.
If written in user perspective
The [user class or actor name] shall be able to [do something] [to some
object] [qualifying conditions, response time, or quality statement].
If written in system perspective
[optional precondition] [optional trigger event] the system shall
[expected system response]
Source Where this requirement is come from (who originate it)
Rationale Motivation behind the requirement
Business Rule (if Any restriction, policy, rule that the particular requirement must be
required) fulfilled through its functional behavior
Dependencies Requirements ID that are dependent on this requirement
Priority High/Medium/Low

Non Functional Requirements

This section specifies nonfunctional requirements other than constraints, which are recorded in
section 2.3, and external interface requirements, which will appear in section 7. These quality
requirements should be specific, quantitative, and verifiable. Chapter 14 “beyond functionality”
presents more information about these quality attribute requirements and many examples.
Following are some example for documenting guideline.

Usability

Usability requirements deal with ease of learning, ease of use, error avoidance and recovery,
efficiency of interactions, and accessibility. The usability requirements specified here will help
the user interface designer create the optimum user experience.
Example:
USE-1: The COS shall allow a user to retrieve the previous meal ordered with a single
interaction.
Performance

State specific performance requirements for various system operations. If different functional
requirements or features have different performance requirements, it‟s appropriate to specify
those performance goals right with the corresponding functional requirements, rather than
collecting them in this section.
Example:
PER-1: 95% of webpages generated by the COS shall download completely within 4 seconds
from the time the user requests the page over a 20 Mbps or faster Internet connection.

References
List any documents or other resources to which this SRS refers, if any. These might include user
interface style guides, standards, system requirements specifications, interface specifications, or
the SRS for a related product.

Mention the books, research papers, web links etc.

(References to any book, journal paper or website should properly be acknowledged. Please
consistently follow the style. The following are few examples of different resources i.e. journal
article, book, and website.)

1. Lyda M.S. Lau, Jayne Curson, Richard Drew, Peter Dew and Christine Leigh, (1999), Use
Of VSP Resource Rooms to Support Group Work in a Learning Environment, ACM 99,
pp2. (Journal paper example)

2. Hideyuki Nakanishi, Chikara Yoshida, Toshikazu Nishmora and TuruIshada, (1996),

FreeWalk: Supporting Casual Meetings in a Network, pp 308-314 (paper on web)
http://www.acm.org/pubs/articles/proceedings/cscw/240080/p308-nakanishi.pdf

3. Ali Behforooz& Frederick J.Hudson, (1996), Software Engineering Fundamentals, Oxford

University Press. Chapter 8, pp255-235. (book reference example)

4. Page Author, Page Title, http://www.bt.com/bttj/archive.htm, Last date accessed. (web

site)