01. What is the main benefit of the Test Pyramid?

A. It acts as a metric for testing progress.

B. It shows complexity of testing activities.
C. It means testing is involved early in the development cycle.
D. It helps in evaluating the amount of test cases needed.

02. Which of the following is a risk that continuous integration introduces?

A. Teams sometimes over-rely on unit tests and exclude some important system and acceptance
tests.
B. Testers sometimes have too many builds to test, which reduces the quality of testing.
C. Developers workload is increased, which can result in a reduction of throughput.
D. Teams no longer have the ability to run manual tests, as all tests must be automated.

03. What is the definition of agile software development?

A. Testing carried out informally where no formal test preparation or execution takes place, no
recognized test design technique is used and there are no expectations for results.
B. A way of developing software where the test cases are developed, and often automated, before
the software under test is developed.
C. A framework to describe the software development lifecycle activities from requirements
specification to maintenance where test planning of the various test levels is done as soon as
the test basis is ready.
D. A group of software development methodologies based on iterative incremental development
with self-organizing cross-functional teams who cooperate to define requirements and to
implement the solution.

04. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding early and frequent feedback?

A. Early feedback helps to deliver a product that better reflects what the customer wants.
B. Early feedback decreases the amount of time needed for system testing.
C. Early feedback provides the Agile team with information on its productivity.
D. Early feedback promotes early discovery and resolution of quality problems.

05. Which ONE of the following is an example of a typical “Business-oriented work product”?

A. Acceptance testing entry criteria.

B. Usability testing test results.
C. The released product.
D. A user manual.

06. Which of the following activities are done in release planning?

a. Indentifying testable user stories with acceptance criteria.

 b. Elaborating the user stories into tasks.
c. Prioritising the user stories.
d. Creating acceptance tests for the user stories.
e. Analysing risks for each of the user stories.
f. Performing high level estimation for the release.

A. Activities (b) and (d).

B. Activities (a), (d) and (f).
C. Activities (b), (c) and (e).
D. Activities (a), (c) and (f).

07. Which of the following is NOT a statement of value from the Agile Manifesto?

A. Processes and tools over individuals and interactions.

B. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation.
C. Responding to change over following a plan.
D. Working software over comprehensive documentation.

08. You are working in a software development company which, for many years, used a sequential
development model and was organised into separate departments for each functional group (e.g.
business analysts, developers, testers) located within their own office space. Your organisation has
recently changed to a SCRUM agile framework. Which of the following is an important organisational
and behavioural best practice for a tester in the SCRUM team, that should have also been practised
when using sequential model?

A. Cross-functional teamwork means that all team members contribute to testing in various ways.
For example, involving people with the test strategy, test planning and execution as well as test
reporting.
B. Co-located teamwork means that all team members, including developers and testers, must sit
together in the same office, so they can communicate face-to-face.
C. Credibility means that the tester must share information with the stakeholders about the test
process so that they find the selected test strategy and testing activities trustworthy.
D. Resilient testing means that the testing process is capable of dealing with rapid changes
throughout the development process with test plans being updated during each iteration.

09. Which of the following sentences related to Risk-Based testing is CORRECT?

A. Risk-based testing does not fit in Agile development processes, a each iteration focuses on
limited parts of the product.
B. Risk-based testing fits well in Agile development processes, as risks are analyzed twice – during
release and iteration planning.
C. Risk-based testing does not fit well in Agile development processes, as short iterations mandate
short test times.
 D. Risk-based testing fits well in Agile development processes, as risks are easy to identify when
work is divided into user stories.

10. Which of the following sentences about the integration of development and testing activities in Agile
projects is INCORRECT?

A. While developers develop automated unit test scripts, testers write automated system level
tests.
B. Developers write acceptance criteria and test cases, together with testers.
C. Testers replace developers in writing unit test automation scripts.
D. Developers and testers may work as a pair to develop and test a feature.

11. Which agile development approach incorporates the following practices:

- a project is divided into iterations called sprints.

- each sprint results in a potentially releasable/shippable product.

A. Continuous integration.
B. Scrum.
C. Extreme Programming.
D. Kanban.

12. Which of the following would provide the MOST independence for testers working with agile teams?

A. Testers are fully embedded in each Agile team to perform many of the testing tasks.
B. Testers from an independent test team are assigned on-demand for the final days of each sprint.
C. Testers from an independent test team are assigned to the Agile team at the beginning of the
project, returning for re-assignment to a new agile team.
D. Testers from an independent test team who do not get involved with the Agile team, but are
assigned to do System testing once all sprints are completed.

13. You are developing the code that controls an industrial Espresso machine which will be operated by
waiting staff in restaurants.

The machine is rather complicated and has lots of switches and buttons, so in the next iteration,
instructions will be provided to the operator on a small LCD screen.

A User Story for the Operator-instructions module is as follows:

“As an operator of the Espresso machine, I would like to know how to steam milk, so I can add steamed
milk to the coffee.”

The following is a list of risks identified for this story, with assigned probability and impact.

Which of these is the most correct in the context of the given User Story?
 A. A small child may try to steam milk.
Probability: High
Impact: Low
B. Operators will not read the instructions and will try various switches and buttons until
something works.
Probability: Low
Impact: Low
C. An untrained customer will attempt to use the coffee machine.
Probability: High
Impact: High
D. The instructions may be incorrect or appear in the wrong order.
Probability: Low
Impact: High

14. In a sprint planning, the product owner presents a user story written on a card. The team starts
having a discussion with the product owner to get an understanding on how the software should work.

The user story written on the card is:

“As a customer, I want to subscribe to the mailing list so that I can receive the latest deal in an email.”

By applying the 3C concept, which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT?

A. Product owner has written a user story and confirmation is not needed.
B. The card should contain requirements not the user story.
C. The conversation is not required and the team should start developing.
D. Conversation should include the acceptance criteria discussion.

15. Which of the following statements would you expect to be the MOST direct advantage of the whole-
team approach?

A. Having at least once a day an automated build and test process that detects integration errors
early and quickly.
B. Avoiding requirements misunderstandings which may not have been detected until later in the
development cycle when they are more expensive to fix.
C. Capitalizing on the combined skills of business representatives, testers and developers working
together to contribute to project success.
D. Reducing the involvement of business representatives because of the increased communication
and collaboration between testers and developers.

16. Which of the following statements about the benefits of the Agile processes promoting early and
frequent feedback is NOT true?

A. Increasing the frequency of feedback and communication between all the stakeholders involved
in Agile projects eliminates all communication problems.
 B. B. Feedback from well-conducted Agile retrospectives can be used to positively affect the
development process over the course of the next iteration.
C. Early and frequent feedback enables the team to deliver the features that represent the highest
business value to the customer first.
D. In Agile projects where feedback is provided early and frequently, defects and incorrect
requirements are caught earlier and those problems can be fixed faster.

17. During a restrospective, which of the following items would be the LEAST effective to generate
discussions on process improvement?

A. The build process was slow and this often caused delays waiting for the build to complete.
B. The automation tests failed frequently without any logs to help in debugging the failure reason.
C. For the last sprint the estimated and actual effort were much higher than the team capacity.
D. One of the testers was regarded as being both disruptive and lazy and did not contribute to
team success.

18. Which of the following statements about Agile retrospectives is CORRECT?

A. In an Agile retrospective the moderator can encourage and make sure that the good practices
are kept by the team, by asking what the team is doing well.
B. Unlike working sessions or meetings held in non-Agile projects, Agile retrospectives do not
require follow-up activities.
C. During Agile retrospectives, testers should be encouraged to provide constructive suggestions
only on non-testing activities.
D. Agile retrospectives should be focused mainly on impediments that are outside the control of
the team because these issues are more challenging.

19. Consider an online application that allows registered users to pay annual car tax based on the
vehicle’s engine power in kW. Given the following user story:

“As a customer I need the online application to calculate the annual car tax amount that I need to pay
for my car.”

- If the power of the vehicle is less than 20kW, then the annual car tax is free.
- If the power of the vehicle is more or equal than 20kW but less or equal than 150kW, then the
annual car tax is 250 Euros.
- If the power of the vehicle is more than 150kW, then the annual car tax is 750 Euros.”

What is the MOST suitable use of a black-box test design technique for this user story?

A. Use case testing. Test the following use case (Actor=registered user):
Pre-condition=registered user logged in.
Scenario=registered user inserts the power of the vehicle, making payment and logs out.
Post-condition=car tax paid and registered user logged out.
B. Equivalence partitioning. Test the annual car tax value for the following partitions:
 [power of the vehicle<20kW; 20kW ≤power of the vehicle≤ 150kW; power of the vehicle>
150kW].
C. State transition testing. Test the transitions between the following states:
Logging in, inserting the power of the vehicle, making payment, logging out.
D. Decision table testing. Test the following conditions-action:
Conditions=registered user logged in, inserted power of the vehicle=20kW
Action=Car tax paid.

20. You have been asked to explain to your client how to define acceptance criteria that are fully
testable. Which of the following is the BEST example for a testable criteria?

A. The interface to External System shall be specified.

B. The program’s icon should be clear and attractive.
C. The “ID” field must accept input value of a length between 2 and 10 characters.
D. Action “Reopen” must be available only for a user with a specific authorization level.

21 You are working in a team preparing a bank loan application.

Your task is the preparation of acceptance tests for the following user story:

“IF a customer needs a loan for less than 50,000 Euros and they have made repayments regularly
(without any delay) and the customer’s monthly income is more than 3000 Euros for the last year, THEN
the bank will accept the loan request; in other cases the bank will not accept the request. A customer
assistant is responsible for preparing data for approval but the approval is done by the bank manager.”

Which of the following test cases can be treated as acceptance test criteria for the above user story?

a. As a customer assistant I can log in to the system and check the history of the customer account
for the last year.
b. As a customer assistant I can log in to the system and check the history of the customer debts
and repayments.
c. As a customer assistant I can log in to the system and change my password.
d. As a bank manager I can log in to the system and receive the information of all requests waiting
for approval.
e. As a bank manager I can log in to the system and decide whether to approve a loan for a
customer.
f. As a bank manager I can log in to the system within 10 seconds.

A. Acceptance test criteria are a, c, d and e.

B. Acceptance test criteria are a, b, c and f.
C. Acceptance test criteria are a, b, d and e.
D. Acceptance test criteria are b, d, e and f.
22. Your agile team is using the Testing Quadrants to ensure that all important test levels and test types
are covered in the test plan.

In relation to Quadrant 3 – business facing and product critique, what should be considered for the
plan?

A. Performance testing.
B. Functional testing.
C. Prototype testing.
D. Exploratory testing.

23. You are working on an Agile project and have been asked to implement exploratory testing for the
current sprint. Which one of the following is a correct approach to adopt?

A. Use testers who have not been involved in the sprint to write new test cases from the user
stories. These test cases are then executed in a timeboxed session for the sprint.
B. Allocate independent testers to design exploratory tests using test charters in timeboxed
sessions. Plan to run all sessions in parallel with each session lasting more than 5 hours.
C. Ask experienced testers to prepare test charters for timeboxed sessions lasting no more than 2
hours. Tests should be designed and executed within each session using heuristics, creativity
and intuition.
D. Ask experienced testers to try and find new defects by using the system without the constraint
of documentation and tools.

24. Which of the following statements about a test charter are CORRECT?

a. it is used mainly in exploratory tests.

b. it is used to monitor a test process.
c. it may make reference to user stories.
d. it contains notes taken during a test session.
e. it is used to outline the company test policy.

A. a, b and e.
B. a, c and d.
C. b, d and e.
D. b, c and d.

25. Which two of the following statements are CORRECT with regards to test automation on agile
projects?

a. Every test developed for past iterations is kept and executed as part of a regression suite for
each new release of code.
b. It would be very difficult to ensure high quality in an agile project without test automation.
 c. Automated acceptance tests are run regularly as part of the continuous integration full system
build.
d. Automated regression suites are only run for the final release of code.
e. In agile projects, the results from automated acceptance tests provide feedback on the overall
product quality.

A. c and d.
B. a and c.
C. b and c.
D. b and e.

26. Which of the following describes the main purpose of a task management tool in agile projects?

A. A task management tool is used by team members to share ideas and collaborate on assigned
tasks.
B. A task management tool is used to manage and track user stories, tests, and other tasks.
C. A task management tool is used to store source code and automated tests.
D. A task management tool allows developers to continuously integrate their code.

27. Which statement about an Agile task board is CORRECT?

A. It provides detailed visual representation of the whole team’s status.

B. Only “in progress” tasks are shown on the task board.
C. It is updated once at the end of each iteration.
D. It is a detailed visual representation of the status of testing.

28. Why is regression of software a high risk in agile projects?

A. Test-driven development means that existing functionality is not considered.

B. There is code churn due to change in business needs over several sprints.
C. Test automation can cause regression of software in the test environment.
D. Regression is built into software as a safeguard against unexpected failures.

29. A calculator application is being developed. The third sprint has been planned to add functionality to
the calculator to allow scientific calculations. Which TWO examples below represent activities that
would likely be managed on an agile task board for the third sprint?

a. A task to design the features planned for the next sprint.

b. A task to run an acceptance test for a user story.
c. A task to automate regression tests.
d. A task to participate in training in preparation for the fourth sprint.
e. A task to produce a daily progress report for the agile team members.

A. a and d.
 B. b and c.
C. d and e.
D. a and e.

30. Which of the following allows a developer to define accurate unit tests focussed on business needs?

A. Acceptance Test-Driven Development.

B. Behaviour-Driven Development.
C. Design-Driven Development.
D. Test-Driven Development.

31. Which of the following statements about the Planning poker test estimate technique are CORRECT?

a. Planning poker is a consensus based technique using a deck of cards.

b. A low test estimate usually means the story should be broken down into multiple smaller
stories.
c. A high test estimate usually means the story should be broken down into multiple smaller
stories.
d. One poker round is played and then consensus has to be reached.
e. The risk level of each backlog item should be decided before the poker session.

A. a, b and d.
B. b, c and d.
C. a, c and e.
D. a, b and c.

32. You are a tester in an agile team. The user story you are due to test is still under development so
your tests are blocked. The main issue holding progress on this user story is that the developer’s unit
tests are constantly failing.

As an agile tester, which of the following actions should you take?

A. Work together with the developer, suggesting reasons why the tests are failing.
B. Use the time to improve and automate existing test cases of other user stories.
C. Review the design of the problematic user story and improve it where possible.
D. Create a bug report for each of your blocked tests.

33. Which tasks are typically performed by a tester on an Agile project?

a. Implementing test strategy.

b. Documenting business requirements.
c. Measuring and reporting test coverage.
d. Coaching development team in relevant aspects of testing.
e. Executing test-driven development tests.
 A. b and e.
B. a, c and d.
C. a and c.
D. b, d and e.

34. Iteration planning for Sprint 5 of your current project is complete. The plan for the sprint is to
increase performance of the system, which of the following acceptance criteria would you expect for
Sprint 5?

a. User access for all roles has been validated;

b. A static analysis tool has been executed for all code;
c. 100% of the existing regression test suite has passed;
d. System is responding in less than 3 seconds, 90% of the time;
e. A new version of Internet Explorer has been included.

A. a and c.
B. b and e.
C. c and d.
D. d and e.

35. Which one of the following is a testable acceptance criterion?

A. The solution shall support business processes.

B. The system shall be easy to use.
C. The tools for testing are tested before use and are meeting the requirements.
D. The response time to confirm a customer submission must not exceed 5 seconds.

36. Which of the following is a benefit of a whole team approach?

A. Enables reduction in test duplication as the testers and test engineers function as a single team.
B. Enables the various skill sets within the team to be leveraged to the benefit of the project.
C. Enables the team to focus on solely their separate areas of expertise and responsibility.
D. Enables testers to execute their responsibility for quality for the combined team.

37. Which of the following is NOT a typical task performed by the tester within an Agile team?

A. Working with business stakeholders to clarify requirements.

B. Suggesting improvements in team retrospectives.
C. Ensuring the appropriate testing tasks are scheduled during iteration planning.
D. Ensuring all project status meetings are held according to the plan.

38. Which of the following is the BEST way for a test team to keep its independence when working in an
Agile development environment?
 A. Locate the team that develops the test automation framework in a different location to the
Agile development team.
B. Co-locate only some of the testers with the Agile development team, while the rest of the
testers are in a different location.
C. Assign testers to be members of the Agile team, but ensure the testers report to a different
manager than the developers.
D. Share the Test Strategy with the Agile development team, but not the details of the Test Cases.

39. User Story: As a user I want to be able to calculate tax percentage based on amount of income.

What is the best black box test design technique for verifying the accuracy of this user story?

A. Equivalence partitioning – test with low, medium and high income.

B. State transition testing – test all states of income entry.
C. User story testing – test that the user can enter an income amount and get a result.
D. Statement testing – test all statements in income calculation.

40. You have been asked to execute an exploratory testing session on Park & Ride system. The test
charter has been titled as “Buy a bus ticket”. As a result, a number of defects were reported, the titles of
which are listed below.

Which defect is out of scope for the given test charter?

A. Payment for parking ticket is restricted to cash only (no credit card supported).
B. Failed to buy a bus ticket when the network connection to the Central System is down.
C. Price for a bus ticket was calculated incorrectly.
D. Failed to buy a bus ticket after 18:00.