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Comsat S University Islamabad: Course Title: Course Name: Lab: Group Members

This document summarizes a lab experiment on designing a voltmeter using a galvanometer. The experiment involved setting up a circuit with a galvanometer, variable resistor, and three test resistors R1, R2, R3. Voltages across each resistor were measured using the designed voltmeter and a DMM. Percent differences between the readings were calculated and recorded in a table. Post-lab questions addressed concepts like short and open circuits, the desirable high resistance of a voltmeter, and converting a galvanometer to an ammeter. The conclusion discusses verifying voltage measurements against a DMM and understanding the design of voltmeters and ammeters using a galvanometer.

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Malik Zohaib
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67 views3 pages

Comsat S University Islamabad: Course Title: Course Name: Lab: Group Members

This document summarizes a lab experiment on designing a voltmeter using a galvanometer. The experiment involved setting up a circuit with a galvanometer, variable resistor, and three test resistors R1, R2, R3. Voltages across each resistor were measured using the designed voltmeter and a DMM. Percent differences between the readings were calculated and recorded in a table. Post-lab questions addressed concepts like short and open circuits, the desirable high resistance of a voltmeter, and converting a galvanometer to an ammeter. The conclusion discusses verifying voltage measurements against a DMM and understanding the design of voltmeters and ammeters using a galvanometer.

Uploaded by

Malik Zohaib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECA (LAB 05)

COMSAT S University
Islamabad
COURSE TITLE: EEE121-ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
COURSE NAME: BS SOFTWARE ENGINNEERING (A)
LAB: 05
GROUP MEMBERS: ABDULLAH JAN FA21-BSE- 007
MUHAMMAD FA21-BSE-048
ADIL RAMZAN FA21-BSE-010

INSTUCTOR: DR. BILAL TARIQ MALIK

EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED ON: 20-10-2021


DATE OF SUBMISSION: 03-10-2021

PAGE. 1
ECA (LAB 05)

Lab 05: Voltmeter Design Using Galvanometer


First we set variable resistance and galvanometer in series and then we give it the
voltage of 5 volt. When galvanometer shows deflection, we adjust the variable
resistor such that the galvanometer shows full deflection. Then, we make a circuit
using three resistances R1, R2 and R3 respectively and apply 5V potential difference
across it. We measure the voltage difference across each resistor by
galvanometer designed voltmeter and note the readings. And then we also find
potential difference using DMM. And at last, we find percentage difference
between the voltage that is measured by ammeter and DMM and put the values
in the table.

(a) (b)

Value of resistance V measured by the designed V measured by the %


(Ω) voltmeter DMM (V) difference
(V)
R1 = 1.5k 2.7 2.57 5.05

R2 = 560 1.245 1.342 7.23

R3 = 560 1.270 1.356 6.34

PAGE. 2
ECA (LAB 05)

Post Lab

Questions:
1. What do you mean by short and open circuit? What are the values of voltages and
currents in open and short circuits?
Ans:
A short circuit is an electrical circuit that allows a current to travel along an unintended path
with no or very low electrical impedance. The opposite of a short circuit is an "open circuit", which
is an infinite resistance between two nodes.
Current passing through an open circuit is zero, while current through the short circuit is
infinite. An open circuit posse’s infinite resistance, while a short circuit possess zero resistance. The
voltage through the short circuit is zero, while voltage through the short circuit in maximum.

2. Why high resistance is a desirable attribute of voltmeter?


Ans:
Voltmeter has high resistance because it measures the voltage difference between two
different points, but it should not change the amount of current going through the element between
those two points. So, it should have high resistance.

3. What is the basic motivation behind converting galvanometer into ammeter?


Ans:
Since Galvanometer is a very sensitive instrument therefore it can't measure heavy currents. In
order to measure heavy current, we should convert galvanometer into ammeter so I can measure
large currents. Convert a Galvanometer into an Ammeter, a very low resistance known as "shunt"
resistance is connected in parallel to Galvanometer. Value of shunt is so adjusted that most of the
current passes through the shunt.

Critical Analysis / Conclusion


After performing this lab tasks/experiments, we can understand the concept and working of
voltmeter (for measuring voltage) and ammeter (for measuring currents) that are designed by
using galvanometer (a sensitive device which can measure very small currents accurately) by
converting it. We can also verify the values of voltage and current measured by designed
voltmeter and ammeter to values of voltage and current measured by digital multimeter to check
as mentioned in tables. We can also determine the internal resistance of voltage source.

PAGE. 3

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