FIRE MANAGEMENT TRAINING Classes of Fire

Balanga city hotline numbers •Class A (Ash)

(047) 935-0500 / 0961-694-5781 -Ordinary Combustible Materials (Wood, Cloth,
Plastic, Paper, Rubber)
Limay bfp hotline numbers
•Class B (Boil)
(047) 244-4068 / 0927-578-4379
- Flammable Liquids (Gasoline, Oil Grease,
REDCROSS hotline numbers Solvents)

791 2351 / 791 4779 •Class C (Current)

Abucay bfp hotline numbers -energized Electrical equipment.

0950-9294-437 / 0945-836-2883
•Class D
Orani bfp hotline numbers - Combustible Metals (magnesium, titanium,
0922-388-5123 / 0956-044-7486 zirconium, sodium, and potassium)

Fire code of the Philippines Fire Extinguishment Theory

RA No. 9514 – Approved by PGMA on 1. Temperature Reduction - Cooling with Water

December 19, 2008. An act establishing a (Most common extinguishment method)
comprehensive Fire code of the Philippines, 2. Fuel Removal (Removing the Fuel)
repealing PD 1185 and for other purposes. 3. Oxygen Exclusion (Reducing Oxygen
Available)
Chemistry of Fire / Triangle of Fire / Fire 4. Chemical Flame Inhibition - use extinguishing
tetrahedron agents like dry chemicals and halons which is
effective on gas and liquid fuels.
•Oxygen (16%)
-Normal air contains 21% oxygen. Types of Fire Extinguisher

•Heat Sources 1. HCFC (HydrochloroFluoroCarbon)123 Fire

-Electrical heat energy Extinguisher (Green)
-chemical heat energy - is a clean extinguishing agent that removes
-mechanical heat energy heat and displaces oxygen from the combustion
-nuclear heat energy zone.
-solar heat energy
- extinguishes Class A, B, and C by cooling and
smothering.
•Fuel
-Solid
2. Dry Chemical Fire Extinguisher (Red)
-Liquid
- a multipurpose fire extinguisher
-Gas
- suitable for Class A, B, and C fires.
Inspecting Fire Extinguisher
3. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

- Primarily intended to use on Class B and C 1. Location

fires. -In designated place
-Conspicuous
4. AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) (Blue) -Unobstructed
-suitable for Class A and B fires only.
2. Condition
-Full
PASS -Sealed
-No Damages
-Not subjected to corrosive fumes
P-ull the pin (to discharge the extinguisher)
A-im at the base of the Fire 3. Maintenance Tag
S-queeze the lever / handle -Regular Maintenance done
S-weep side to side
What will you do when your clothes catch fire?
RACE (No access of water) – do not run, roll on the
floor to put off the flame.
Rescue / Remove - everyone from the area. If a
fire occurred in a patient room, the staff should •STOP!
immediately remove the patient from the area. •DROP!
Alarm / Alert- The fire alarm pull station shall •ROLL!
be activated call 911 to report fire. Fire alarm
pull stations are located throughout the
buildings, several on each floor. By activating Fire Safety Tips
the fire alarm, a fire action plan is set into
1. Save the contact number of the nearest fire
motion were University Police receive the signal
station.
and initiate the emergency response. In
addition, certain systems that could increase 2. Learn how to use a fire extinguisher.
fire spread are automatically shutdown.
3. Eliminate fire hazards at home and your
Confine - Once the room or area has been workplace.
cleared of patients, the door shall be closed,
4. Make a fire escape plan and practice it.
thus confining the fire. This enables the fire
response team the time needed to arrive. 5. Switch-off all electric appliances and gas
valve when not in use and/or when leaving your
Extinguish or Evacuate - When practical and
home.
only when an employee has been properly
trained in the safe and proper use of a fire 6. Avoid electrical overloading/octopus
extinguisher, extinguisher shall be attempted connections.
using one fire extinguisher. Evacuate if you are
not comfortable using a fire extinguisher or if 7. Do not smoke inside your house.
more than one extinguisher is needed.
8. Keep the matches away from the reach of Folding
kids.
•open phase
9. Never leave candles unattended.
•cravat phase (apex in right hand)
10. Never leave your stove unattended while
cooking. -Broad Cravat (1st fold)

11. Install smoke alarms in your storage area -semi-broad cravat (2nd fold)
and bedroom. -Narrow Cravat (3rd fold)
12. Know your way out (FFIRE EXIT). Do not
block access to evacuation exit.
Square Knot
13. During a fire: In dense smoke, crawl on floor
to nearest exit. •Easy to tie, eastly tie untie

14. If a fire occurs in your home, GET OUT, STAY •Right over Left, Left over Right (or vice versa)
OUT, and CALL FOR HELP.

BANDAGING TECHNIQUES

BANDAGING AND LIFTING A PATIENT OPEN PHASE

Four thematic areas of DRRM - Wound on top of the head

- Burned face / back of the head
• Disaster Prevention and Mitigation - Burned hand / foot
• Disaster Preparedness - Wound on the chest
• Disaster Response
CRAVAT PHASE
• Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Wound on the forehead
Bleeding
- Wound on the eye/s
- Direct Pressure - Wound on the ear/cheek/jaw
- Pressure Bandaging - Wound on the shoulder/hip
- Wound on the elbow (straight/bent)
Triangular Bandage
- Wound on the forearm
Parts: - Would on the palm (closed/open)

•Base

•Sides LIFTING AND MOVING TECHNIQUES

•Apex One-man Carry

•Tails/Ends - Walking Assist / Assist to Walk

- Cradle’s Carry
•Face/Body - Packstrap Carry
Two-man Carry USAR – Urban Search And Rescue

- Swing Carry • Trains participants

- Extremity Carry • A damaging flood, fire, earthquake, or
other emergency in a heavily populated
3-8 man Carry
area.
- Hammock Carry
Personal Safety

• Hardhat
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AID AND • Eye protection
• Ear protection
SEARCH & RESCUE
• Safety steel-toe boots
CSSR – Collapsed Structure Search and Rescue • Safety whistle
• Knee pads
ERU – Emergency Response Unit
• Work gloves
NDRRMP – National Disaster Risk Reduction • Work clothes
and Management Plan • Cap or hat
RA 10121 – The National DRRM plan is the • Canteen or water battle, minimum of 1
document to be formulated and implemented liter capacity
(and monitored) by the Office of Civil Defense • Waterproof flashlight with spare
(OCD) that set out goals and specific objectives batteries
for reducing disaster risks together with related Personal Protective Equipment
actions to accomplish these objectives.
• Multipurpose helmet
• Disaster Prevention and Mitigation • Head lamp
(DOST – Department of Science and • Eye protector
Technology) • Multipurpose leather gloves
• Disaster Preparedness (DILG – • Torch light waterproof
Department of Interior and Local
Government) Knives and Cutting tools
• Disaster Response (DSWD –
PHASE 1: Premobilization
Department of Social Welfare and
Development) • Selection and training of members
• Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
PHASE 2: Mobilization
(NEDA – National Economic
Development Authority) • Request transportation, pack and load
equipment, notify other members
ERU- specialized unit that respond to the
• Obtain information on disaster, like its
following:
type, location, magnitude, number of
• Emergency call (trauma or medical) people and building affected, weather
• Collapsed structure or vehicular
PHASE 3:
accident
• Water emergency (WASAR) Stage 1: Securing the scene
• Fire (fire fighting)
Stage 2: Initial Assessment 4. Pre-cast concrete

Step 1: gather data and conduct analysis. - buildings with fairly heavy floors and some
heavy walls. Can be commercial or residential
Step 2: establish command post.
which includes pre-cast parking facilities.
Step 3: establish operational activities. Structures that are one to twelve stories in
height.
• General access to the disaster site
• Strategic planning and priorities Shear- forces acting in opposite, parallel
• Allocating resources and personnel directions and on different planes, such that
• Managing operations begun by they cut or break a material
neighbors or other organizations

Step 4: Assign tasks to rescue squads. Basic Collapse Pattern

Step 5: Reassess the situation and make 1. Cantilever – results for wall collapse which
necessary adjustments. allows a floor or a roof assembly to drop
Stage 3: Search and locate partially.

Stage 4: Gain access to victim 2. Lean-to – a wall failure causes a floor or roof
section to fall completely on one side, while the
Stage 5: Stabilize the victim other end remains supported. (triangular void)
Stage 6: Extricate the victim 3. Pancake – multi-floor collapses and stack up
PHASE 4: Demobilization on top of each other. Limited in space and
difficult to access.
• Confirm no other operations are
4. V-shape – floor collapses in the middles due
needed, account for all tools and
to failure of center support of the floor.
equipment, arrange transportation

PHASE 5: Post-operational activities

• CISM (Critical incident stress

management), medical physical
examinations, equipment rehabilitation

Structural types

1. Light frame

- residential homes and apartments

2. Heavy wall (URM) Unreinforced masonry

- one to six stories building or houses where

walls are thick and heavy.

3. Heavy floor

- two-story building and above.

 2. Secure the scene

3. Inspect and evaluate the structure

4. Rescue victims with easy access on or near

the surface, if it has not already been done

5. Make INSARAG (INTERNATIONAL SEARCH

AND RESCUE ADVISORY GROUP) markings on
SAFETY RULES: the structure as needed, if not already done

1.

2.

3. Hygiene

4. Safety officer

5. Group safety

6. Whistle signals (10s interval)

• One long signal - stop

• One long, one short – continue
• Three short signals – evacuate

7. Safety zone

8. Emergency medical services

9. Fire extinguisher

10. Drinking water

11. Maintenance

12. Rotations

13. Trash

14. Weather conditions

15. Safety markings

16. Team safety

17. Safety violations

18. Miscellaneous
An operational work zones requires a single
Steps for Search and Location strand of tape across the perimeter.
1. Compile and analyze available information
A collapse or hazard zone requires two strands SEARCH METHODS
crossed like an “x”.
1. Physical Search
6. Create a diagram of structure
- do not require specialists or unique
7. Select the are to be searched equipment. Only senses and some established
procedures.
8. select a search method
Three basic tactics:
9. Conduct and appropriate search pattern and
place INSARAG markings where potential • Physical/void search
victims are detected, both on the structure and • Hailing
on the diagram • Basic search patterns
10. Continually analyze the results and re- 2. Canine Search
evaluate the search plan (make necessary
adjustments) - uses acute sense of smell of dogs specially
trained to detect live humans.
11. Initiate pre-hospital treatment of the victim
3. Technical Search
12. Confirm the presence and location of
potential victims with the resources and - requires highly trained personnel and
equipment available specialized equipment for sound, temperature,
video, vibration, etc.

KUNG KAMI PO AY NARIRINIG NINYO, PEDE PO

KAYO SUMIGAW O GUMAWA NG INGAY GAMIT
ANG MGA BAGAY NA MALAPIT SA INYO.
 Independence The Movement is independent.
The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the
humanitarian services of their governments and
subject to the laws of their respective countries,
must always maintain their autonomy so that
they may be able at all times to act in
accordance with the principles of the
Movement.

MR JOSEPH PENCIL - OIC, BPSU NSTP Voluntary service It is a voluntary relief

movement not prompted in any manner by
MARY ROSE BASALLO - NSTP CAMPUS desire for gain.
COORDINATOR, MAIN CAMPUS
Unity There can be only one Red Cross or one
Red Crescent Society in any one country. It must
be open to all. It must carry on its humanitarian
The Fundamental Principles of ICRC
work throughout its territory.
(International Committee of the Red Cross
Humanity Universality The International Red Cross and
Red Crescent Movement, in which all Societies
The International Red Cross and Red Crescent have equal status and share equal
Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance responsibilities and duties in helping each other,
without discrimination to the wounded on the is worldwide.
battlefield, endeavours, in its international and
national capacity, to prevent and alleviate
human suffering wherever it may be found. Its
purpose is to protect life and health and to
ensure respect for the human being. It
promotes mutual understanding, friendship,
cooperation and lasting peace amongst all
peoples.

Impartiality It makes no discrimination as to

nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or
political opinions. It endeavours to relieve the
suffering of individuals, being guided solely by
their needs, and to give priority to the most
urgent cases of distress.

Neutrality In order to continue to enjoy the

confidence of all, the Movement may not take
sides in hostilities or engage at any time in
controversies of a political, racial, religious or
ideological nature.
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
Introduction to redcross youth | Quiz 1

1. What is not the principle or Red Cross.

a. Compulsory Service
b. Impartibility
c. Independence
d. Humanity

2. How many fundamental principles did the ICRC draw up in 1965 that were
adopted by the entire Red Cross Movement?
a. 5
b. 7
c. 6
d. 4

3. When did this battle between the French/Piedmontese and the Australian
happen?
a. JUNE 24, 1859
b. JUNE 24, 1985
c. JUNE 24, 1589
d. JUNE 24, 1896

4. What was the name of the battle where the idea of the red cross started?
a. The Empire of Death
b. A memory of Solferino
c. A rumor of War
d. The Battle of Solferino

5. FATHER of the ICRC

a. DR LOUIS APPIA
b. JEAN-HENRY DUNANT
c. GEN. GUILLAME HENRI DUFOUR
d. GUSTAVE MOYNIER
e. DR. THEODORE MAUNOIR

6. FATHER OF THE RED CROSS MOVEMENT

a. DR. LOUIS APPIA
b. JEAN-HENRY DUNANT
c. GEN. GUILLAME HENRI DUFOUR
d. GUSTAVE MOYNIER
e. DR. THEODORE MAUNOIR
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
7. FATHER OF THE IHL
a. DR. LOUIS APPIA
b. JEAN-HENRY DUNANT
c. GEN. GUILLAME HENRI DUFOUR
d. GUSTAVE MOYNIER
e. DR. THEODORE MAUNOIR

7. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE GROUP OF RED CROSS FIVE FOUNDERS?

a. THE COMMITTEE OF FIVE
b. SIAMO TUTTI FRATELLI
c. INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS
d. COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT

8. It makes no discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or

political opinions. It endeavors only to retrieve suffering, giving priority to
the most urgent cases of distress.
a. Neutrality
b. Humanity
c. Impartiality

9. In what year did the International Red Cross, change its name to the
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement?
a. 1966
b. 1976
c. 1986
d. 1996
e. UNITY

10. Who is the founder of the Red Cross Movement?

a. Richard Gordon
b. Henry Dunant
c. Luis Solferino
d. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

11. What moved Henry Dunant to organize a movement to aid wounded

soldiers? 2/2
a. Battle of Tirad Pass
b. Battle of the Bands
c. World War 2
d. Battle of Solferino

12. All except one are the emblems of the ICRC and IFRC.
a. Cross
b. Crystal
c. Crown
d. Crescent
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER

14. When was Philippine Red Cross (PRC) approved and recognized by ICRC?
a. 1899
b. 1947
c. 1981
d. 1997

15. What fundamental principle makes no discrimination to nationality, race,

religious beliefs, class or political opinions?
a. Impartiality
b. Humanity
c. Unity
d. Independence

16. Fundamental Principle: Must always maintain their AUTONOMy to be able to

act in accordance with the principles of the Movement.
a. Impartiality
b. Humanity
c. Universality
d. Independence

17. Fundamental Principle: to prevent and alleviate human suffering wherever it

may be found.
a. Impartiality
b. Humanity
c. Universality
d. Independence

18. Fundamental Principle: relief movement not prompted in any manner by

desire for gain.
a. Impartiality
b. Humanity
c. University
d. Voluntary Service

20. Who is the present Chairperson of Philippine Red Cross?

a. Barry Cadoma
b. Rodrigo Duterte
c. Richard Gordon
d. Bato dela Rosa

21.
a. Barry Cadoma
b. Rodrigo Duterte
c. Richard Gordon
d. Bato dela Rosa
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
Fire management training | Quiz 2

1. Which one is a Class B fire?

a. Ordinary solid combustibles such as paper, wood, cloth and some
plastics
b. Certain flammable metallic substances such as sodium and potassium
c. Electrical equipment, appliances and wiring
d. Flammable liquids such as alcohol, ether, oil, gasoline and grease

2. In case of fire, we should rescue:

a. All patients
b. All staff
c. All visitors and contractors
d. Those at immediate danger

3. When extinguishing a fire, you should:

a. Turn your back always to the north
b. Turn your back to the fire exit (outward)
c. Turn your face to the fire (inward)
d. Turn you face always to the south

4. To operate a fire extinguisher, follow the:

a. RACE
b. PASS AND RACE
c. PASS
d. None of the above

5. Wood, Plastic & Paper are classified as:

a. Class A
b. Class B
c. Class C
d. Class D

6. When a fire breaks out, evacuate first the:

a. Non-ambulant patients
b. Semi-ambulant patients
c. Ambulant patients
d. None of the above

7. The "Alert" STEP in RACE means:

a. Call Code Red
b. Break the alarm glass
c. Dial*911
d. All of the Above
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
8. How to put the fire out?
a. Cooling
b. Starvation
c. Smothering
d. All of the Above

9. The element of Fire Triangle are:

a. Heat, Oxygen, Fuel
b. Heat, CO2, Fuel
c. Oxygen, Wood, CO2
d. None of the Above

10. In the case of electrical fire

a. Dry Powder
b. CO2
c. CO2 and Dry Powder
d. Water

Bandaging and lifting a patient | Quiz 3

1. Bandaging is the process of covering a _____ or an injured part.

a. Pus
b. Wound
c. Patient

2. All of the following are parts of a triangular bandage except:

a. Apex
b. Base
c. End/Slide
d. None of the Above

3. Which of the following uses of bandaging is INCORRECT?

a. To prevent contamination of wound by holding dressings in
position
b. To provide support to the part that is injured, sprained or
dislocated joint
c. To increase the pain threshold

4. Reasons for applying a bandage can include:

a. Protecting a wound
b. Support of soft tissues
c. Prevention of self-mutilation
d. All of the above
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
5. Identify which of the following is not an aim of bandaging.
a. Limiting Movement in the case of broken bones or tissue damage
b. Prevent the patient interfering with the area under the bandage
c. Makes the patient looks cool with colored bandages

6. During chest bandaging, apex of the triangular bandage must be in the:

a. Shoulder of the injured part
b. Center indention of the back
c. Longer end of the knot

7. Which of the following principle is correct in head bandaging?

a. Place the hand in the left side of the triangular bandage with the
wrist at the base of the bandage
b. Place the base over the fingers and tuck any excess material into
the pleats on each side of the hand.
c. Cross the ends on top of the hand, take them around the wrist,
and tie them with a square knot.

8. During emergency situations, one must be knowledgeable in underarm

bandaging. As first aid provider, he/she must tuck the lower end of the
triangular bandages base in what area?
a. At the back of the injured arm
b. Under the injured arm
c. Over the affected part

9. Which of the following uses of bandaging is CORRECT?

a. To prevent & control hemorrhage
b. To facilitate movement / mobilizing a fracture or a dislocation.
c. To deform the affected part.

10. The last objective of bandaging is:

a. Sterility
b. Covering
c. Immobilization

11.You're more likely to have back pain and injury if you're:

a. Overweight and in poor physical condition
b. Too thin
c. Cautious about how much you can lift

12. Lifting the largest loads you can possibly handle helps you strengthen your
back.
a. True
b. False
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
13. Before you lift and carry, plant a route to follow that's:
a. The shortest
b. The straightest and flattest
c. The closest to the first-aid station

14. The key principle of safe lifting is that:

a. Your back does most of the work
b. Your arms do most of the work
c. Your legs do most of the work

15. It's best to grip a load with your hands, not just your finger.
a. True
b. False

Search and rescue training | Quiz 4

1. The decision to attempt rescue is based upon?

a. The amount of victims
b. The risk involved for the rescuer
c. The type of disaster
d. How brave the rescuer feels

2. Search and rescue (SAR) teams are made up of what kinds of people?
a. SAR teams are made up exclusively of civilian law enforcement
officials.
b. SAR teams can be paid officers of both military and civilian
backgrounds.
c. SAR teams can be made up of civilian and military officers as well
as civilian volunteers

3. In what situation would a non-entry rescue be used?

a. A wilderness rescue
b. A structural collapse rescue
c. A confined space rescue
d. A vehicle rescue

4. The goal of Search and Rescue is to rescue the greatest number in the
shortest amount of time.
a. True
b. False

5. Rescue can be defined as:

a. The location of persons in distress
b. Helping persons in distress
c. Delivering persons in distress to a place of safety
NSTP 2ND SEM MIDTERMS | REVIEWER
d. The retrieval and initial care for a person in distress along with
their delivery to a place of safety.

6. Which of the following is NOT a description of moderate Damage?

a. Partial or Total Collapse
b. Many visible cracks or breaks in the wall
c. Visible signs of damage
d. Major damage to interior contents

7. The Incident Command System refers to:

a. An on-scene incident management model.
b. The response plan for all Incidents.
c. The management of multi-agency incidents.
d. A jurisdiction's emergency response plan

8. Search can be defined as

a. The location of persons in distress
b. The retrieval of persons in distress
c. The location of and retrieval of persons in distress
d. Helping person in distress

9. In which scenario are search dogs used to help located victims that may
be trapped under the building?
a. Structural Collapse rescue
b. Water Rescue
c. Confined space rescue
d. Rope rescue

10. The three fundamental skills for search and rescue training are:
a. Search, rescue, and recovery
b. Search , ICS training, and rescue
c. Search, rescue, and survival/support
d. Search, rescue, and improvisation