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Spectrophotometric Determination of Triclosan Based On Diazotization Reaction: Response Surface Optimization Using Box - Behnken Design

This document presents a new spectrophotometric method for determining triclosan concentration in water samples. The method involves reacting triclosan with aniline and sodium nitrite to form an azo compound, which is measured at 352 nm. Response surface methodology was used to optimize experimental conditions. The method allows linear determination of triclosan from 0.1-3.0 μM and was applied to water sample analysis.

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82 views1 page

Spectrophotometric Determination of Triclosan Based On Diazotization Reaction: Response Surface Optimization Using Box - Behnken Design

This document presents a new spectrophotometric method for determining triclosan concentration in water samples. The method involves reacting triclosan with aniline and sodium nitrite to form an azo compound, which is measured at 352 nm. Response surface methodology was used to optimize experimental conditions. The method allows linear determination of triclosan from 0.1-3.0 μM and was applied to water sample analysis.

Uploaded by

Fitra Nugraha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Corrected Proof

1 © IWA Publishing 2018 Water Science & Technology | in press | 2018

Spectrophotometric determination of triclosan based on


diazotization reaction: response surface optimization
using Box–Behnken design
Inderpreet Kaur, Sonal Gaba, Sukhraj Kaur, Rajeev Kumar
and Jyoti Chawla

ABSTRACT

A spectrophotometric method based on diazotization of aniline with triclosan has been developed Inderpreet Kaur (corresponding author)
Sonal Gaba
for the determination of triclosan in water samples. The diazotization process involves two steps: Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced
Studies,
(1) reaction of aniline with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium to form diazonium ion and (2) reaction Guru Nanak Dev University,
Amritsar,
of diazonium ion with triclosan to form a yellowish-orange azo compound in an alkaline medium. The
India
resulting yellowish-orange product has a maximum absorption at 352 nm which allows the E-mail: [email protected]

determination of triclosan in aqueous solution in the linear concentration range of 0.1–3.0 μM with Sukhraj Kaur
2 Department of Microbiology,
R ¼ 0.998. The concentration of hydrochloric acid, sodium nitrite, and aniline was optimized for Guru Nanak Dev University,
Amritsar,
diazotization reaction to achieve good spectrophotometric determination of triclosan. The
India
optimization of experimental conditions for spectrophotometric determination of triclosan in terms
Rajeev Kumar
of concentration of sodium nitrite, hydrogen chloride and aniline was also carried out by using Box– Jyoti Chawla
Department of Chemistry,
Behnken design of response surface methodology and results obtained were in agreement with the Manav Rachna International University,
Faridabad,
experimentaly optimized values. The proposed method was then successfully applied for analyses of
India
triclosan content in water samples.
Key words | Box–Behnken design (BBD), diazotization reaction, optimization, response surface
methodology (RSM), spectrophotometric determination, triclosan

INTRODUCTION

Triclosan (2,4,40 -trichloro-20 -hydroxydiphenylether), also sources (Okumura & Nishikawa ). Triclosan has also
known as Irgasan DP 300, is an antibacterial and antifungal been detected in breast milk, urine and plasma, with levels
agent found in consumer products, including toothpaste, of triclosan in the blood correlating with consumer use pat-
soaps, detergents, toys, and surgical cleaning treatments terns of the antimicrobial products (Dann & Hontela ).
(Marques et al. ). Triclosan is also incorporated into fab- Nevertheless recent reports also demonstrated that triclosan
rics and plastics, including toothbrush handles, cutting can combine with chlorine in tap water to form chloroform,
boards, pizza-cutters and mop handles as well as surgical which is classified by the United States Environmental Pro-
drapes and hospital over-the-bed table tops (Schweize tection Agency as a probable human carcinogen (Sioufi
). Depending on the formulation and application, triclo- et al. ). Additionally, triclosan is lipophilic, and can
san is recognized by the United States Food and Drug bio-accumulate in fatty tissues (Miller et al. ). Over
Administration (FDA) as either an over-the-counter or a pre- 95% of the uses of triclosan are in consumer products that
scription drug. In addition, it is FDA-accepted for use as an are disposed off in residential drains (Reiss et al. ).
antimicrobial pesticide for fungicide/fungistat and bacterio- Since wastewater treatment plants fail to remove triclosan
stat applications. The last decade has seen a rapid increase from the water and the compound is highly stable for long
in the use of triclosan-containing products. Due to its exten- periods of time, a huge amount of triclosan is expected to
sive use and stability, triclosan and its derivatives can now be emitted into waterways (Adolfsson-Erici et al. ;
readily be detected in the environment and some food Kolpin et al. ; Lindstrom et al. ; Nakada et al.

doi: 10.2166/wst.2018.123

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