Breanna Ciel E.

Cabahit WEEK 1 (April 11-13, 2022)

11- Daimler Engr. Cecil A. Cespedes

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

Quarter 4 Module 1

Lesson 1. Null Hypothesis

ACTIVITY 1 p.3

A. Read and understand the given statements below and find out whether it is a null
hypothesis. In your notebook, write 𝑯𝟎 if the given is a null hypothesis. Otherwise, just
leave it blank.

In 2015, it was recorded that around 34% of the population in 2015 were not married. A
researcher surveyed a random sample of 500 couples. He found out that 18% of them
were living together but unmarried. Test at 5% significance level if the current
percentage of unmarried couples is different from 34%.
1. The current percentage of unmarried couples is different from 34%.

2. The current percentage of unmarried couples is 34%. 𝑯𝟎

An average construction worker hourly rate pay in the Philippines is Php 62.50 with a
standard deviation of Php 6.01. A random sample of 20 manufacturing workers were
asked on their hourly rate and found that they had an average of Php 50 hourly rate pay
with a standard deviation of Php 5.00. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the
difference between the average hourly rate for construction workers and the average
hourly rate for manufacturing workers.
3. There is a significant difference between the average hourly rate for construction
workers and the average hourly rate for manufacturing workers.

4. There is no significant difference between the average hourly rate for construction
workers and the average hourly rate for manufacturing workers. 𝑯𝟎

A chemist invented an additive to increase the lifespan of rechargeable battery. The

said additive will extend on average the battery’s lifespan to 48 months.

5. The average lifespan extension of rechargeable battery is 48 months. 𝑯𝟎

6. The average lifespan extension of rechargeable battery is not 48 months.

B. C.

1. B. Manufacturing 1. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 14 6. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 5

2. C. Chemist 2. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 40 7. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 0.5
3. B. Standard deviation 3. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 15 8. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 45
4. D. Mean 4. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 35 9. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 55
5. A. Confidence Interval 5. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 8 10. 𝑯𝟎: μ = 70
ACTIVITY 2 p.7

Read and understand the given statements below. In your notebook, write 𝑯𝟏 if the
given statement in every number is an alternative hypothesis. Otherwise, just leave it
blank.

In 2015, it was recorded that around 34% of the population in 2015 were not married. A
researcher surveyed a random sample of 500 couples. He found that 18% of them were
living together but unmarried. Test at 5% significance level if the current percentage of
unmarried couples is different from 34%.

1. The current percentage of unmarried couples is different from 34%. 𝑯𝟏

2. The current percentage of unmarried couples is 34%.

An average construction worker hourly rate pay in the Philippines is Php 62.50 with a
standard deviation of Php 6.01. A random sample of 20 manufacturing workers were
asked on their hourly rate and found that they had an average of Php 50 hourly rate pay
with a standard deviation of Php 5.00. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the
difference between the average hourly rate for construction workers and the average
hourly rate for manufacturing workers.

3. There is a significant difference between the average hourly rate for construction
workers and the average hourly rate for manufacturing workers. 𝑯𝟏

4. There is no significant difference between the average hourly rate for construction
workers and the average hourly rate for manufacturing workers.

A chemist invented an additive to increase the lifespan of rechargeable battery. The

said additive will extend on average the battery’s lifespan to 48 months.

5. The average lifespan extension of rechargeable battery is not 48 months. 𝑯𝟏

6. The average lifespan extension of rechargeable battery is 48 months.

B.

1. 𝑯𝟏: μ ≠ 14 6. 𝑯𝟏: μ ≠ 5
2. 𝑯𝟏: μ ¿ 40 7. 𝑯𝟏: μ ¿ 0.5
3. 𝑯𝟏: μ ¿ 15 8. 𝑯𝟏: μ ≠ 45
4. 𝑯𝟏: μ ≠ 35 9.𝑯𝟏: μ ¿ 55
5. 𝑯𝟏: μ ≠ 8 10. 𝑯𝟏: μ ¿ 70

ACTIVITY 3 p. 9

1. a = 5% = 0.05 2. It has a 90% chance of being true 3. It has a 99% chance of being
then, it has a 10% probability of true then, it has a 1%
a 0.05
= = 0.025 rejecting true null hypothesis probability of rejecting true
2 2
a = 10% = 0.10 null hypothesis
a = 1% = 0. 01
4. It has a 93% chance of being true 5. a = 5% = 0.05
then, it has a 7% probability of
a 0.05
rejecting true null hypothesis = = 0.025
ACTIVITY 2 2
a = 7% =40.07
pp. 12-13
A. Complete the sentence below by providing the correct word/s on the blank. Write
your answers in your notebook.

1. In non-directional test, the acceptance region lies between the two critical regions.

2. The acceptance region for the right-tailed test (one-tailed test) is in the left side of the
critical region.

3. There are at most two possible critical regions in a hypothesis testing.

4. When the test statistic is located within the critical region, then 𝐻0 is rejected.

5. There are at most two possible critical value/s in a hypothesis testing.

B.

1. Between
2. Right-side
3. Right-side
4. Left-side
5. Between

ACTIVITY 5 pp. 14-15

A.

1. B.
2. D.
3. C.
4. C.
5. D.

B. Given a hypothesis. Formulate type I and II errors in a complete sentence of the

given statements below. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. The average number of years to finish basic education is 14.

Type I error: We conclude that the average number of years to finish basic
education is not 14 years, when it really is not 14 years.

Type II error: We conclude that the average number of years to finish basic
education is 14 years, when it really is 14 years

2. At least 40% of private school students transferred to public schools during the
COVID 19 pandemic.

Type I error: We conclude that it is not atleast 40% of private school students
transferred to public schools during the COVID 19 pandemic, when it really is at
least 40%

Type II error: We conclude that it is at least 40% of private school students

transferred to public schools during the COVID 19 pandemic, when in fact it
really is not at least 40%

3. The mean expenses of a family during the COVID 19 pandemic increased at most
by 15%.
 Type I error: We conclude that the mean expenses of a family during the COVID
19 pandemic increased by not at most 15%., when it really is at most 15%.

Type II error: We conclude that the mean expenses of a family during the COVID
19 pandemic increased by at most 15%., when it really is not at most 15%.

4. Thirty-five percent of senior high school students enrolled to a track/ strand because
of peer pressure.

Type I error: We conclude that it is not 35% of senior high school students
enrolled to a track because of peer pressure, when it really is 35%.

Type II error: We conclude that 35% of senior high school students enrolled to a
track because of peer pressure, when it really is not 35%.

5. During the COVID 19 pandemic, 8% of COVID 19 cases in the country were

confirmed death cases.

Type I error: We conclude that during the COVID 19 pandemic, it is not 8% of

COVID 19 cases in the country that has confirmed death cases, when it really is
8%

Type II error: We conclude that during the COVID 19 pandemic, 8% of COVID 19

cases in the country has confirmed death cases, when it really is not 8%.

ASSESSMENT p. 16

1. It is the inequality in the alternative hypothesis when the keyword at most is used.
-<
2. It is the inequality in the alternative hypothesis when the keyword at least is used.
->
3. It is done to the level of significance when not equal is used in alternative hypothesis.
- Divided by 2
4. It is an intelligent guess about the characteristics of a population.
- Hypothesis
5. It is a numerical value computed from the all the data of the population.
- Parameter
6. It is the center of the normal curve.
- Mean
7. It is the value of 𝛼 when the confidence level is 92%.
- 0.08
8. The decision made to the null hypothesis when the critical value lies in the critical
region.
- Reject null hypothesis
9. The decision made to the null hypothesis when the critical value lies in the confidence
region.
- Accept null hypothesis
10.The probability of committing type II error is 𝛽 and 𝛼 is the probability of committing
type I error. Write 𝛽 in terms of 𝛼.
−β = 1 - α (beta = 1 - alpha)