VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 5 (2022)

ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
10th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2022 (NCRENB-2022)

Traffic Light Priority Control For Emergency Vehicle

Hemant Gurav1, Suyash Khilare2

1Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Mumbai University, India
Email:[email protected]
2Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Mumbai University, India
Email:[email protected]

Abstract: Vehicular traffic is endlessly increasing everywhere in the world and cause terrible traffic congestion
at intersection Most of the traffic lights feature a fixed green light sequence is determined without taking the
presence of the emergency vehicles into account. Therefore, emergency vehicles such as ambulances, police cars,
fire engines, etc. stuck in a traffic jam delayed in reaching their destination can lead to loss of property and valuable
lives. In this proposed project we define how traffic signal lights detect emergency vehicles, how to manipulate the
traffic light and how to provide free way to emergency vehicles
Keywords - Emergency vehicles, Traffic congestion, RFID, LED LIGHT

I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Problem statement
The rapid growth in the vehicle ownership is one of the measures for economic growth of country. However
indirect effect of vehicle ownership is acute traffic congestion. The exploitation of new trends and technologies
requires fast transportation of goods, machinery and manpower for various reasons.

1.2 Overview
Each person's purpose is to arrive at their destination without wasting time or money. However, current
infrastructures have a finite number of resources. As a result, road traffic management is critical for reducing wait
times and travel times, as well as saving fuel and money. Despite the fact that the current traffic signal management
system manages traffic at junctions, it frequently causes congestion due to its poor performance. An emergency
vehicle travels miles through a metropolis to reach its destination, passing through multiple city intersections along
the route. The emergency vehicle will spend valuable time at most junctions if the traffic system at those
intersections is governed by preset timers.
Expansion of road infrastructure isn't the only way to alleviate traffic congestion. It will necessitate some intelligent
technique to address the issues with the current traffic control system. The suggested system in the paper
additionally includes a map function that displays the current traffic status at the desired traffic signal. This system
will provide traffic information and available faster route.

1.3 Literature Survey

Based on expert system Findler and Stapp explain the Traffic light Controller (1992).An expert system makes
decisions based on a set of rules. In traffic light control, such an action can alter some of the control parameters,
necessitating the design of completely new system.
Tan`s description of the Fuzzy Logic Traffic Light Controller (1995).Fuzzy logic controller by tan determine time
delay by various traffic congestion solving methods this system depends on preset values of fuzzy variables.
Thorpe(1997) describe neural network for traffic light controller.In this system use a neural network to forecast the

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www.viva-technology.org/New/IJRI
VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 5 (2022)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
10th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2022 (NCRENB-2022)

waiting time for all cars at the intersection .This means the traffic light controller deal with huge number of states,
with significant learning time and volatility.This system takes large time and varint.
The purposed system overcomes time postpone visitors signal controlle and one of kind conditored condition for
emergency vehical with the aid of using providering accurate and fastest route.

II. TRAFFIC LIGHT PRIORITY CONTROL FOR EMERGENCY VEHICLE

2.1 Research Method

Fig.1 Block Diagram of a Smart Traffic Light Controller

Figure 1 depicts the block diagram of a Smart Traffic Light Controller, which includes API, STC circuit, computer
system, and IR Sensors. The sensors monitor traffic at the signal and offer it as an input to the computer system,
which then determines the time period through programming, which is subsequently sent to the signal via the
control circuit. Finally, a time period is assigned to the signal based on the current traffic, and the red, green, and
orange light signals illuminate accordingly.

Infrared sensors are installed on the road to detect vehicles. A sensor assembly positioned on each route detects
the presence or absence of a vehicle. The STC unit receives this as an input. The STC unit creates Red, Green and
Yellow Signal output signals and monitors their timings while taking into account the amount of cars on each
road. The same information is sent to the mobile user, who will inquire about the traffic situation. If a vehicle
driver at a crossroads sends an SMS to the STC unit on a GSM phone, the driver will receive a message showing
the road's congestion state. If the current traffic is heavy, the STC system will also provide information on an
alternate route to the user.
When a vehicle, such as an ambulance, fire truck, or police car, is in emergency mode, the signals are changed to
allow these vehicles to drive quickly and easily. If an emergency vehicle passes by the route, the traffic signals
on the roads that cross it will turn red, causing all vehicles on these roads to come to a halt. This is a crucial
feature that will come in handy in an emergency.

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VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 5 (2022)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
10th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2022 (NCRENB-2022)

2.2 HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

Fig.2.Traffic Junction Unit

Traffic Junction Unit: The stepwise flow of an traffic junction unit is as shown in below figure no 2 Here
the receiver will receive the transmitted data and send it to the controller. Controller is controlling all other
components. And according to received data give the instruction that the lane on which ambulance is coming,
turn the green signal on in that lane. So by this way the first priority is given to the EMERGENCY Vehicles.

2.3 RESULT

FIG.3.Basic concept of smart traffic light controller

Figure 3 depicts the basic model of a smart traffic light controller system. The proposed model depicts the
junctions as letters A, B, and C. At each intersection, infrared sensors are put on the roadside to measure traffic
length. Sensors detect traffic levels and feed this information to a computer system, which determines how long
each red, green, and orange light should be lit. As illustrated in the diagram, if there is high traffic congestion at
junction A, automobile drivers will be notified through SMS of the congestion so that they can choose to take a
different route, such as route 1 passing through C. If an emergency vehicle passes through route A-B, the signals
on the roads that cross this route will turn red, causing all vehicles on these roads to come to a halt. This is a
crucial feature that will come in handy in an emergency.
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VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 5 (2022)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
VIVA Institute of Technology
10th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2022 (NCRENB-2022)

II. CONCLUSION
This research introduces the smartness of traffic signal controllers through specialised actions and
hardware interfaces. The software API gives the administrator a simple interface. In terms of shorter waiting time,
efficient operation during emergency mode, and providing alternate routes to emergency vehicles, the proposed
system outperforms the current traffic control system.

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[3] Thorpe (1997) “Vehicle traffic light control using sarsa”, Master’s thesis, Department of Computer Science, Colorado State University.

[4] Findler and Stapp (1992) “A distributed approach to optimized control of street traffic signals”, Journal of Transportation Engineering.

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[12]B. Janani Saradha, G. Vijayshri, and T. Subha, "Intelligent Traffic Signal Control System for Ambulance using RFID and Cloud," IEEE
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