Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 8

Orani National Highschool

December 12, 2016

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, 100% of the students should be able to attain 85% of
proficiency to:

1. Identify the different parts of the Human Digestive System and its functions.
2. Differentiate Mechanical Digestion from Chemical Digestion.
3. Arrange the Digestive Tract

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: The Human Digestive System
B. Concept: The primary function of the Digestive System is to convert complex
molecules into simpler ones that can be absorb by our body. Digestion is the
process of conversion. The digestion starts from the mouth where food is
chewed and broken down into smaller pieces for easier digestion called
mechanical digestion. However, chemical digestion also occurs at the mouth
where enzymes are present and aids in breaking down of complex
substances into simpler one. After swallowing the food, it will turn to bolus
that will enter esophagus and moved down by peristalsis into the stomach
to small intestine where the true digestion occurs. Afterwards, undigested
food will enter the large intestine and will become feces that will pass
through the rectum and eventually released in anus.
C. Reference/s: Fundamentals of Biological Science (pp. 115-119), Science
Learner’s Module (pp. 303-305)

D. Materials: LCD projector, Laptop, Video clip, cut-outs, pictures, brown envelope,
manila paper, colored paper, cartolina

E. Skills: Identifying, Contrasting, Creating

F. Value: Appreciate the importance of Digestive System.

III. Learning Activities

A. Routinary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Greeting the class
3. Checking the attendance
4. Checking of assignments
 B. Developmental Activities

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY

I. Review

Before we start our discussion for today,

let us first have a short review regarding on
our previous lesson.

Are you ready? Yes Ma’am

Please look under your chairs, who are the

lucky students who got a piece of paper?
Kindly read the question then answer it.
Yes Ma’am
Is it clear?

Breathing
1. What do you called the mechanical
process used to move air into the lungs
as efficiently as possible? Respiratory System

2. What system in our body is responsible

for our breathing process?
(students answer may vary)
3. Give one part of the Respiratory System
and gives its function
(students answer may vary)
4. Give one part of the Respiratory System
and gives its function
(students will give their ideas)
5. How important is the role of Respiratory
System in every individual?

II. Lesson Proper

A. Motivation

I prepared an activity. All you have to do

is to fix a puzzle. But to add a little twist, you have
to find the puzzle pieces hidden around the room.
You will be divided into 4 groups. Group 1 will be
team red, group 2 will be team blue, group 3 will be
team green, and group 4 will be the team orange.
Every puzzle piece has a corresponding color at the
back that indicates in which group the puzzle piece
belongs. Every group should have a representative
to share something about the puzzle they had
formed. You only have 5 minutes for this activity.
Yes Ma’am
 Is it clear?

B. Pre- Activity

Here are the objectives, Kindly read.

I have here a video presentation that will give

you an idea in the activity that you will do later.

Each group will have an envelope with

different body organs.

Procedure:

As you open the envelope,

1. Identify the different parts of the digestive

system

2. Arrange the organs from mouth up to anus.

3. Paste it in the manila paper. Yes ma’am

4. Post your work and have 1 representative to

share something about your output.

Do you understand?

You only have 5 minutes to finish the activity.

C. Discussion Digestive System

Food is important for us to survive. However,

food needs to undergo a process before it can be
used by our body.

What is the process of breaking down foods

into simpler ones?

Correct! Digestion is the process of converting

the food that we eat into smaller particles in order
to absorb the nutrients by our body.
(students will give their ideas)
Based on your activity, those organs are
included in that process.

Let us start with the mouth.

What do you think is the function of the mouth?

 Very good! Mouth serves as housing for teeth,
tongue and salivary gland that aids in breaking
down of food. Teeth and tongue for chewing of the
food and salivary gland for secreting enzymes. (students will give their ideas)

Mouth is the starting area for digestion.

Mechanical and Chemical Digestion starts in the
mouth. Esophagus
What is the difference between Mechanical
and Chemical Digestion?

Right! Mechanical Digestion is the physical

breaking down of food into smaller particles. It
involves chewing of food while Chemical Digestion
involves enzymes that aids in digestion.

After the mouth, where do you think chewed

food will pass through?

Good! The chewed food known as bolus will

pass through the esophagus which serves as the (students will give their ideas)
passage way of food from mouth to the stomach. It
has 2 special sphincters at both ends to control the
passage way of food.

The food in the esophagus is being pushed

down in the stomach by the contraction of muscle Small intestine
known as peristalsis.

What is stomach?
(students will give their ideas)
Exactly! Stomach is a bean-shaped like hallow
organ that contains gastric juices; hydrochloric acid
and pepsin. Bolus will be partially digested and
change into thick liquid material called chime.

After the stomach, Where do you think chime (students will give their ideas)
will now enter?

What is small intestine?

True digestion occurs in the small intestine. It

secretes enzymes that aids in the digestion.

What do you think will happen to undigested

food?
 Unabsorbed water in the small intestine is
absorbed in the Large Intestine.
Undigested foods become feces. These feces
will pass through the rectum and eventually
eliminated in anus.

Aside from those organs, there are some

organs that secretes enzymes that aids in digestion
such as:

 Pancreas
 Liver None Ma’am
 Gall bladder
 Salivary Glands.

Those are called Accessory Organs.

All of them are involve in the conversion of

food into nutrients. And they are all classified as
part of the Digestive System. Therefore, what is
digestive system?
Good!

Any questions?

D. Valuing/ Application

Do you think we can live without Digestive

System? Why?

Then, what should we do to take care of our

digestive system?

Make a poster that will show the ways of

Yes Ma’am
taking care of our Digestive System.

(Posting of rubric)

You have only 10 minutes for that activity.

One representative that will explain your work.
Digestion
III. Generalization
Mouth
I will give you a piece of paper and write down Peristalsis
the thing that you’ve learned today. Then, paste it
on the board.
Stomach
Do you understand?
Small intestine
IV. Evaluation
 I. Write the correct answer on the space
provide.

____________1. It is the process of breaking down

complex substance into simpler one.
____________2. It is the starting point of the digestion.
____________3. It is the involuntary muscular
contractions of smooth muscle lining in the
esophagus.
____________4. Which digestive organ manufactures
chime?
____________5. Where does the partly digested food
from the stomach go?

II. Essay

1. Differentiate Mechanical Digestion from

Chemical Digestion?

V. Assignment

1. Define reproductive system and give its

function.

2. What are the 2 types of Reproduction?

Any questions regarding your assignment?

Good! That’s all for today!

Goodbye class!

Rubrics for poster making

 Excellent Good Poor
(3) (2) (1)

Content Students are able to execute a Students are able to execute Students are not able to
(5x) concise, appropriate and clear somewhat concise, appropriate execute a concise, appropriate
meaning of the poster and clear meaning of the poster and clear meaning of the
poster

Creativity Students used various Students used few techniques Students did not used any
(4x) techniques and styles in the and styles in the poster making. techniques and styles in the
poster making. poster making.

Participation All the members of the group Some members of the group No members of the group
(3x) participated in preparing and participated in preparing and participated on the activity
performing the song performing of the song

Rubrics in checking Essay

Excellent Good Poor
(3) (2) (1)

 Ideas are specific, concise,  Ideas are somewhat  Ideas are not specific,
Content relevant, consistent and specific, concise, relevant concise, relevant and
(5x) clearly focused on the and consistent. consistent.
topic.

 No grammatical errors  There are some  There are a lot

Grammar and proper usage of grammatical errors grammatical errors and
(3x) words. improper usage of words

Prepared by:

Grace Angelie Dela Cruz

Student Teacher

Checked by: Recommending Approval:

Critic Teacher Department Head

Approved:

Principal