TM

Science Higher Secondary School

VECTOR ALGEBRA
CLASS-12

THEORY AND EXERCISES

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 1

Science Higher Secondary School

Introduction (11) Position vectors : The vector OA which represents

Vectors represent one of the most important mathematical the position of the point A with respect to a fixed point O (called
systems, which is used to handle certain types of problems in origin) is called position vector of the point A. If (x, y, z) are co-
Geometry, Mechanics and other branches of Applied
ordinates of the point A, then OA = x i + y j + z k .
Mathematics, Physics and Engineering.
Scalar and vector quantities : Those quantities which (12) Equality of vectors : Two vectors a and b are said
have only magnitude and which are not related to any fixed to be equal, if (i) | a | =| b | (ii) They have the same or parallel
direction in space are called scalar quantities, or briefly scalars. support and (iii) The same sense.
Examples: Mass, Volume, Density, Work, Temperature etc.
Those quantities which have both magnitude and direction, are Properties of vectors
called vectors. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum,
weight, force are examples of vector quantities. (1) Addition of vectors
(i) Triangle law of addition : If in a ∆ABC , AB = a
Representation of vectors
BC = b and AC = c , then AB + BC = AC i.e., a + b = c.
Geometrically a vector is represent by a line segment. For
C
example, a = AB . Here A is called the initial point and B, the
terminal point or tip.
Magnitude or modulus of a is expressed as B c = a+b
b
| a | =| AB | = AB . a
a
A B
Types of vector A
(ii) Parallelogram law of addition : If in a
(1) Zero or null vector : A vector whose magnitude is parallelogram OACB, OA = a , OB = b and OC = c
zero is called zero or null vector and it is represented by O . B C
(2) Unit vector : A vector whose modulus is unity, is c = a+b
called a unit vector. The unit vector in the direction of a vector b
a is denoted by â , read as “a cap”. Thus, | aˆ | = 1 .
a Vector a O A
aˆ = = a
| a | Magnitude of a
(3) Like and unlike vectors : Vectors are said to be like Then OA + OB = OC i.e., a + b = c , where OC is a
when they have the same sense of direction and unlike when diagonal of the parallelogram OABC.
they have opposite directions. (iii) Addition in component form : If the vectors are
(4) Collinear or parallel vectors : Vectors having the defined in terms of i, j and k, i.e., if a = a1i + a2 j + a3 k and
same or parallel supports are called collinear or parallel vectors.
b = b1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k , then their sum is defined as
(5) Co-initial vectors : Vectors having the same initial
point are called co-initial vectors. a + b = (a1 + b1 )i + (a 2 + b 2 )j + (a 3 + b 3 )k .

(6) Coplanar vectors : A system of vectors is said to be Properties of vector addition : Vector addition has the
coplanar, if their supports are parallel to the same plane. following properties.
(a) Binary operation : The sum of two vectors is always a
Two vectors having the same initial point are always
vector.
coplanar but such three or more vectors may or may not be
coplanar. (b) Commutativity : For any two vectors a and b,
a + b = b + a.
(7) Coterminous vectors : Vectors having the same
terminal point are called coterminous vectors. (c) Associativity : For any three vectors a, b and c ,
(8) Negative of a vector : The vector which has the same a + (b + c ) = (a + b ) + c .
magnitude as the vector a but opposite direction, is called the (d) Identity : Zero vector is the identity for addition. For
negative of a and is denoted by −a . Thus, if PQ = a , then any vector a , 0 + a = a = a + 0
(e) Additive inverse : For every vector a its negative
QP = −a .
vector −a exists such that a + (−a ) = (−a ) + a = 0 i.e., (−a ) is the
(9) Reciprocal of a vector : A vector having the same additive inverse of the vector a.
direction as that of a given vector a but magnitude equal to the
(2) Subtraction of vectors : If a and b are two vectors,
reciprocal of the given vector is known as the reciprocal of a
then their subtraction a − b is defined as a − b = a + (− b ) where
1
and is denoted by a −1 . Thus, if | a | = a ,| a −1 | = . −b is the negative of b having magnitude equal to that of b and
a
direction opposite to b . If a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k , b = b1i + b 2 j + b 3 k
(10) Localized and free vectors : A vector which is
drawn parallel to a given vector through a specified point in Then a − b = (a1 − b1 )i + (a 2 − b 2 )j + (a 3 − b 3 )k .
space is called a localized vector. For example, a force acting on B
a rigid body is a localized vector as its effect depends on the line a+b
of action of the force. If the value of a vector depends only on its b
length and direction and is independent of its position in the O A
a
space, it is called a free vector. –b
a +(–b)=a
–b B′

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 2 website: www.edunova.ac.in

Properties of vector subtraction A vector r is said to be a linear combination of vectors

(i) a − b ≠ b − a (ii) (a − b ) − c ≠ a − (b − c ) a , b , c ..... etc, if there exist scalars x, y, z etc., such that
(iii) Since any one side of a triangle is less than the sum and r = x a + y b + zc + ....
greater than the difference of the other two sides, so for any two
Examples : Vectors r1 = 2 a + b + 3 c , r2 = a + 3 b + 2 c are
vectors a and b, we have
(a) | a + b | ≤| a | + | b | (b) | a + b | ≥| a | − | b | linear combinations of the vectors a , b , c .
(1) Collinear and Non-collinear vectors : Let a and b
(c) | a − b | ≤| a | + | b | (d) | a − b | ≥| a | −| b |
be two collinear vectors and let x be the unit vector in the
(3) Multiplication of a vector by a scalar : If a is a direction of a . Then the unit vector in the direction of b is x or
vector and m is a scalar (i.e., a real number) then m a is a vector − x according as a and b are like or unlike parallel vectors.
whose magnitude is m times that of a and whose direction is Now, a =| a | xˆ a × (b × c ) ≠ (a × b ) × c and b = ± | b | xˆ .
the same as that of a , if m is positive and opposite to that of a ,
if m is negative. | a |   | a| 
∴ a =  | b | xˆ ⇒ a =  ±  b ⇒ a = λb , where
Properties of Multiplication of vectors by a scalar : | b |   | b| 
The following are properties of multiplication of vectors by
| a|
scalars, for vectors a, b and scalars m, n. λ=± . Thus, if a, b are collinear vectors, then a = λ b or
| b|
(i) m (−a ) = (−m ) a = −(m a ) (ii) (−m ) (−a ) = m a
b = λ a for some scalar λ .
(iii) m (n a ) = (mn ) a = n(m a ) (iv) (m + n) a = m a + n a (2) Relation between two parallel vectors
(v) m (a + b ) = m a + m b (i) If a and b be two parallel vectors, then there exists a
(4) Resultant of two forces scalar k such that a = k b i.e., there exist two non-zero scalar
quantities x and y so that x a + y b = 0 .
Let P and Q be two forces and R be the resultant of these
If a and b be two non-zero, non-parallel vectors then
two forces then, R = P + Q →
x a + y b = 0 ⇒ x = 0 and y = 0 .
Q
| R | = R = P 2 + Q 2 + 2 PQ cos θ → a = 0 , b = 0
R 
 or
where | P | = P, | Q | = Q , θα θ Obviously x a + y b = 0 ⇒  x = 0, y = 0
Q sin θ →  or
Also, tan α = P 
P + Q cos θ  a || b
Deduction : When | P | =| Q | , (ii) If a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k and b = b1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k then from
P sin θ sin θ θ a1 a 2 a 3
i.e., P = Q, tan α = = = tan ; the property of parallel vectors, we have a || b ⇒ = = .
P + P cos θ 1 + cos θ 2 b1 b 2 b 3
θ (3) Test of collinearity of three points : Three points
∴ α= with position vectors a, b, c are collinear iff there exist scalars x,
2
Hence, the angular bisector of two unit vectors a and b is y, z not all zero such that x a + y b + z c = 0 , where x + y + z = 0 .
along the vector sum a + b . If a = a1 i + a 2 j , b = b 1 i + b 2 j and c = c1 i + c 2 j , then the points

Position vector a1 a2 1
with position vector a , b , c will be collinear iff b1 b2 1 = 0 .
If a point O is fixed as the origin in space (or plane) and P is
c1 c 2 1
any point, then OP is called the position vector of P with
(4) Test of coplanarity of three vectors : Let a and b
respect to O. P two given non-zero non-collinear vectors. Then any vectors r
r
coplanar with a and b can be uniquely expressed as
r = x a + y b for some scalars x and y.
O(Orig (5) Test of coplanarity of Four points : Four points
If we say that P is the point r , then we mean that the with position vectors a , b , c , d are coplanar iff there exist scalars
position vector of P is r with respect to some origin O. x, y, z, u not all zero such that x a + y b + z c + u d = 0 , where
(1) AB in terms of the position vectors of points A x +y + z +u=0 .
and B : If a and b are position vectors of points A and B Four points with position vectors
respectively. Then, OA = a , OB = b a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k , b = b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k , c = c 1 i + c 2 j + c 3 k ,
a1 a2 a3 1
∴ AB = (Position vector of B) – (Position vector of A)
b1 b2 b3 1
= OB − OA = b − a d = d 1 i + d 2 j + d 3 k will be coplanar, iff =0.
c1 c2 c3 1
(2) Position vector of a dividing point : The position
d1 d2 d3 1
vectors of the points dividing the line AB in the ratio m : n
m b + na m b − na Linear independence and dependence of vectors
internally or externally are or .
m +n m −n
(1) Linearly independent vectors : A set of non-zero
Linear combination of vectors vectors a 1 , a 2 ,..... a n is said to be linearly independent, if
x 1 a 1 + x 2 a 2 + ..... + x n a n = 0 ⇒ x 1 = x 2 = ..... = x n = 0 .

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 3

Science Higher Secondary School

(2) Linearly dependent vectors : A set of vectors (v) If m, n are scalars and a, b be two vectors, then
a 1 , a 2 ,..... a n is said to be linearly dependent if there exist m a . n b = mn (a . b ) = (mn a ). b = a . (mn b )
scalars x 1 , x 2 ,......, x n not all zero such that
(vi) For any vectors a and b , we have
x 1 a 1 + x 2 a 2 + ..... + x n a n = 0 (a) a . (− b ) = −(a . b ) = (−a ). b (b) (−a ). (− b ) = a . b
Three vectors a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k , b = b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k and
(vii) For any two vectors a and b , we have
c = c1 i + c 2 j + c 3 k will be linearly dependent vectors iff
(a) | a + b | 2 = | a | 2 + | b | 2 + 2a . b
a1 a2 a3
(b) | a − b | 2 = | a | 2 + | b | 2 − 2 a . b
b1 b2 b3 = 0 .
c1 c2 c3 (c) (a + b ). (a − b ) = | a | 2 − | b | 2
Properties of linearly independent and dependent vectors (d) | a + b | = | a | + | b | ⇒ a || b
(i) Two non-zero, non-collinear vectors are linearly
independent. (e) | a + b | 2 = | a | 2 + | b | 2 ⇒ a ⊥b
(ii) Any two collinear vectors are linearly dependent. (f) | a + b | = | a − b | ⇒ a ⊥b
(iii) Any three non-coplanar vectors are linearly
independent. (3) Scalar product in terms of components: If
(iv) Any three coplanar vectors are linearly dependent. a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k and b = b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k , then, a . b = a1b1
(v) Any four vectors in 3-dimensional space are linearly + a 2 b 2 + a3 b 3 .
dependent.
The components of b along and perpendicular to a are
Scalar or Dot product  a.b   
  a and b −  a . b  a respectively.
(1) Scalar or Dot product of two vectors : If a and b | a | 2  | a | 2 
   
are two non-zero vectors and θ be the angle between them, (4) Work done by a force :
then their scalar product (or dot product) is denoted by a . b
and is defined as the scalar | a | | b | cos θ , where | a | and | b | are Work done = | F | | OA | cos θ = F . OA = F .d , where d = OA
B
modulii of a and b respectively and 0 ≤ θ ≤ π . Dot product of
two vectors is a scalar quantity. B F

b
θ
O A
θ
O a A Work done = (Force). (Displacement)
Angle between two vectors : If a, b be two vectors If a number of forces are acting on a particle, then the sum
inclined at an angle θ , then a . b =| a | | b | cos θ of the works done by the separate forces is equal to the work
done by the resultant force.
a .b  a.b 
⇒ cos θ = ⇒ θ = cos −1   Vector or Cross product
| a|| b| | a | | b | 
(1) Vector product of two vectors : Let a, b be two
If a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k and b = b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k ; then non-zero, non-parallel vectors.
 
 
a1 b 1 + a 2 b 2 + a 3 b 3
θ = cos −1  .
 a12 + a 22 + a 32 b12 + b 22 + b 32 
  b
(2) Properties of scalar product
(i) Commutativity : The scalar product of two vector is θ
O a
commutative i.e., a . b = b . a .
Then a × b =| a | | b | sin θ η̂ , and | a × b | =| a || b | sin θ ,
(ii) Distributivity of scalar product over vector
addition The scalar product of vectors is distributive over where θ is the angle between a and b, η̂ is a unit vector
vector addition i.e., (a) a . (b + c ) = a . b + a . c , (Left perpendicular to the plane of a and b such that a , b , η̂ form a
distributivity) right-handed system.
(b) (b + c ) . a = b . a + c . a , (Right distributivity) (2) Properties of vector product
(iii) Let a and b be two non-zero vectors a . b = 0 ⇔ a ⊥b . (i) Vector product is not commutative i.e., if a and b are
any two vectors, then a × b ≠ b × a , however, a × b = −(b × a )
As i, j, k are mutually perpendicular unit vectors along the co-
(ii) If a, b are two vectors and m, n are scalars, then
ordinate axes, therefore, i . j = j. i = 0 ; j . k = k . j = 0;
m a × n b = mn (a × b ) = m (a × n b ) = n(m a × b ) .
k .i = i.k = 0 .
(iii) Distributivity of vector product over vector addition.
(iv) For any vector a , a . a =| a | 2 . Let a , b , c be any three vectors. Then
As i, j, k are unit vectors along the co-ordinate axes, (a) a × (b + c ) = a × b + a × c (Left distributivity)
2 2
therefore i . i =| i | = 1 , j . j =| j | = 1 and k. k =| k | = 1 2 (b) (b + c ) × a = b × a + c × a (Right distributivity)

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 4 website: www.edunova.ac.in

(iv) For any three vectors a , b , c we have a × (b − c ) = (i) The area of a parallelogram with adjacent sides a and b
a ×b −a ×c . is | a × b | .
(v) The vector product of two non-zero vectors is zero (ii) The area of a parallelogram with diagonals d 1 and d 2
vector iff they are parallel (Collinear) i.e.,
a × b = 0 ⇔ a || b , a , b are non-zero vectors. 1
is | d1 × d 2 | .
2
It follows from the above property that a × a = 0 for every
non-zero vector a , which in turn implies that i × i = (iii) The area of a plane quadrilateral ABCD is
j× j = k × k = 0 . 1
| AC × BD | , where AC and BD are its diagonals.
(vi) Vector product of orthonormal triad of unit vectors i, j, 2
k using the definition of the vector product, we obtain
(iv) The area of a triangle with adjacent sides a and b is
i × j = k , j × k = i, k × i = j , j × i = − k , k × j = −i, i × k = − j .
1
(3) Vector product in terms of components: If | a ×b|
2
a = a1i + a2 j + a3 k and b = b1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k .
i j k 1
(v) The area of a triangle ABC is | AB × AC | or
2
Then, a × b = a1 a2 a3
1 1
b1 b2 b3 | BC × BA | or | CB × CA |
2 2
(4) Angle between two vectors : If θ is the angle
| a × b| (vi) If a , b , c are position vectors of vertices of a ∆ABC ,
between a and b , then sin θ = .
| a || b | 1
then its area = | (a × b ) + (b × c ) + (c × a )|
(5) (i) Right handed system of vectors : Three mutually 2
perpendicular vectors a , b , c form a right handed system of
(vii) Three points with position vectors a , b , c are collinear
vector iff a × b = c , b × c = a , c × a = b
if (a × b ) + (b × c ) + (c × a ) = 0 .
Examples: The unit vectors i , j , k form a right-handed
system, i × j = k, j × k = i, k × i = j (8) Moment of a force : Moment of a force F about a point O
is OP × F , where P is any point on the line of action of the force
Y F.
b

X
k i a
c

Z
(ii) Left handed system of vectors : The vectors a , b , c Scalar triple product
mutually perpendicular to one another form a left handed
system of vector iff c × b = a , a × c = b , b × a = c (1) Scalar triple product of three vectors : If a , b , c
are three vectors, then their scalar triple product is defined as
a the dot product of two vectors a and b × c. It is generally
b denoted by a . (b × c) or [a b c].
(2) Properties of scalar triple product
c (i) If a , b , c are cyclically permuted, the value of scalar
(6) Vector normal to the plane of two given vectors : triple product remains the same. i.e.,
If a, b be two non-zero, nonparallel vectors and let θ be the (a × b ). c = (b × c ). a = (c × a ). b or [a b c ] = [b c a ] = [c a b ]
angle between them. a × b =| a | | b | sin θ η̂ where η̂ is a unit
(ii) The change of cyclic order of vectors in scalar triple
vector perpendicular to the plane of a and b such that a , b , η product changes the sign of the scalar triple product but not the
form a right-handed system. magnitude i.e., [a b c ] = −[b a c ] = −[c b a ] = −[a c b ]
a ×b
⇒ (a × b ) =| a × b | η̂ ⇒ ˆη = (iii) In scalar triple product the positions of dot and cross
| a × b| can be interchanged provided that the cyclic order of the vectors
a×b remains same i.e., (a × b ). c = a . (b × c )
Thus, is a unit vector perpendicular to the plane of
| a×b| (iv) The scalar triple product of three vectors is zero if any
a×b two of them are equal.
a and b. Note that − is also a unit vector perpendicular
| a × b| (v) For any three vectors a , b , c and scalar λ , [λ a b c ]
to the plane of a and b. Vectors of magnitude ' λ ' normal to the = λ[a b c ]
λ (a × b )
plane of a and b are given by ± . (vi) The scalar triple product of three vectors is zero if any
| a ×b| two of them are parallel or collinear.
(7) Area of parallelogram and triangle

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 5

Science Higher Secondary School

(vii) If a , b , c , d are four vectors, then [(a + b ) c d ] = (iii) If a , b , c , d are position vectors of vertices A, B, C, D of
[a c d ] + [b c d ] 1
a tetrahedron ABCD, then its volume = [b − a c − a d − a ] .
(viii) The necessary and sufficient condition for three non- 6
zero non-collinear vectors a , b , c to be coplanar is that (5) Reciprocal system of vectors : Let a , b , c be three
[a b c ] = 0 . b ×c c ×a a ×b
non-coplanar vectors, and let a ′ = , b′ = , c′ = .
[abc ] [abc ] [abc ]
(ix) Four points with position vectors a, b, c and d will be
coplanar, if [a b c ] + [d c a ] + [d a b ] = [a b c ] . a ′, b ′, c ′ are said to form a reciprocal system of vectors for the
vectors a , b , c .
(x) Volume of parallelopiped whose coterminous edges are
a, b, c is [a b c ] or a(b × c). If a , b , c and a ′, b ′, c ′ form a reciprocal system of vectors,
then (i) a . a ′ = b . b ′ = c . c ′ = 1
(3) Scalar triple product in terms of components
(i) If a = a1i + a2 j + a3 k , b = b1i + b 2 j + b3 k (ii) a . b ′ = a . c ′ = 0 ; b . c ′ = b . a ′ = 0 ; c . a ′ = c . b ′ = 0
1
and c = c1i + c 2 j + c 3 k be three vectors (iii) [a ′ b ′ c ′] =
[a b c ]
a1 b1 c1 (iv) a , b , c are non-coplanar iff so are a ′, b ′, c ′ .
then, [a b c ] = a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3 Vector triple product
(ii) If a = a1 l + a2 m + a3 n, b = b1 l + b 2 m + b 3 n Let a , b , c be any three vectors, then the vectors a × (b × c )
and (a × b ) × c are called vector triple product of a, b, c .
a1 a2 a3
and c = c1l + c 2 m + c 3 n , then [a b c ] = b 1 b2 b 3 [l m n ] Thus, a × (b × c ) = (a . c ) b − (a . b )c
c1 c2 c3 Properties of vector triple product
(i) The vector triple product a × (b × c ) is a linear
(iii) For any three vectors a, b and c
combination of those two vectors which are within brackets.
(a) [a + b b + c c + a ] = 2[a b c ] (ii) The vector r = a × (b × c ) is perpendicular to a and lies
in the plane of b and c .
(b) [a − b b − c c − a ] = 0
(iii) The formula a × (b × c ) = (a . c ) b − (a . b ) c is true only
(c) [a × b b × c c × a ] = [a b c ] 2 when the vector outside the bracket is on the left most side. If it
is not, we first shift on left by using the properties of cross
product and then apply the same formula.
Thus, (b × c ) × a = −{a × (b × c )} = −{(a . c ) b − (a . b )c }
= (a .b )c − (a .c )b
(4) Tetrahedron : A tetrahedron is a three-dimensional (iv) Vector triple product is a vector quantity.
figure formed by four triangle OABC is a tetrahedron with
∆ABC as the base. OA , OB , OC , AB , BC and CA are known as (v) a × (b × c ) ≠ (a × b ) × c
edges of the tetrahedron. OA , BC ; OB , CA and OC , AB are Scalar product of four vectors
known as the pairs of opposite edges. A tetrahedron in which all
edges are equal, is called a regular tetrahedron. Any two edges of (a × b ). (c × d ) is a scalar product of four vectors. It is the dot
regular tetrahedron are perpendicular to each other. product of the vectors a × b and c × d .
A( It is a scalar triple product of the vectors a, b and c × d as
a well as scalar triple product of the vectors a × b , c and d.
D
b c a .c a .d
(a × b ). (c × d) =
B( C( b.c b .d
Volume of tetrahedron
Vector product of four vectors
(i) The volume of a tetrahedron
(1) (a × b )× (c × d ) is a vector product of four vectors.
1
= (area of the base) (correspon ding altitude)
3 It is the cross product of the vectors a × b and c × d .
1 (2) a × {b × (c × d )}, {(a × b ) × c } × d are also different vector
= [ AB BC AD ] products of four vectors a , b , c and d.
6
(ii) If a , b , c are position vectors of vertices A, B and C with Rotation of a vector about an axis
1
respect to O, then volume of tetrahedron OABC = [a b c ] . Let a = (a1 , a 2 , a 3 ) . If system is rotated about
6
(i) x-axis through an angle α , then the new components of
a are (a1 , a2 cos α + a3 sin α , − a2 sin α + a3 cos α ) .

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 6 website: www.edunova.ac.in

(ii) y-axis through an angle α , then the new components of Then, shortest distance
a are (−a3 sin α + a1 cos α , a2 , a3 cos α + a1 sin α ) .
(b 1 × b 2 ) . (a 2 − a 1 ) [b 1 b 2 (a 2 − a 1 )]
(iii) z-axis through an angle α , then the new components PQ = =
| b1 × b 2 | | b1 × b 2 |
of a are (a1 cos α + a2 sin α , − a1 sin α + a2 cos α , a3 ) .

Application of vectors in 3-dimensional geometry Shortest distance between two parallel lines : The
shortest distance between the parallel lines r = a 1 + λb and
a b c
(1) Direction cosines of r = ai + b j + ck are , , . | (a 2 − a 1 ) × b |
| r| | r| | r| r = a 2 + µb is given by d = .
| b|
(2) Incentre formula : The position vector of the
aa +b b +cc If the lines r = a 1 + λb 1 and r = a 2 + µb 2 intersect, then
incentre of ∆ABC is .
a+b +c the shortest distance between them is zero.
(3) Orthocentre formula : The position vector of the Therefore, [b 1 b 2 (a 2 − a 1 )] = 0
a tan A + b tan B + c tan C
orthocentre of ∆ABC is .
tan A + tan B + tan C ⇒ [(a 2 − a 1 ) b 1 b 2 ] = 0 ⇒ (a 2 − a 1 ).(b 1 × b 2 ) = 0 .

(4) Vector equation of a straight line passing through a

(10) If the lines r = a1 + λ b1 and r = a2 +λb2 are
fixed point with position vector a and parallel to a given vector b
is r = a + λb . coplanar, then [a 1 b 1 b 2 ] = [a 2 b 1 b 2 ] and the equation of the plane
containing them is [r b 1 b 2 ] = [a 1 b 1 b 2 ] or [r b 1 b 2 ] =
(5) The vector equation of a line passing through two points
with position vectors a and b is r = a + λ (b − a ) . [a 2 b 1 b 2 ] .
(6) If the lines r = a 1 + λb 1 and r = a 2 + λb 2 are coplanar,
(11) Vector equation of a plane through the point A(a ) and
then [a 1 b 1 b 2 ] = [a 2 b 1 b 2 ] and the equation of the plane
perpendicular to the vector n is (r − a ).n = 0 or r.n = a .n or
containing them is [r b 1 b 2 ] = [a 1 b 1 b 2 ] or
r . n = d , where d = a . n . This is known as the scalar product
[r b 1 b 2 ] = [a 2 b 1 b 2 ] .
form of a plane.
(7) Perpendicular distance of a point from a line :
Let L is the foot of perpendicular →
(12) Vector equation of a plane normal to unit vector n̂ and
r P(α)
drawn from P(α ) on the line
at a distance d from the origin is r.nˆ = d .
r = a + λb . Since r denotes the
position vector of any point on If n is not a unit vector, then to reduce the equation r.n = d
the line r = a + λb . So, let the to normal form we divide both sides by |n| to obtain
r
position vector of L be a + λb . A B n d d
r r⋅ = or r.nˆ = .
r = a+λb L = (a + λb ) | n| | n| | n|

(13) The equation of the plane passing through a point

 (a − α )b  having position vector a and parallel to b and c is
Then PL = a − α + λb = (a − α ) −  b
 | b|2  r = a + λb + µc or [r b c ] = [a b c ] , where λ and µ are scalars.
 

The length PL, is the magnitude of PL , and required length (14) Vector equation of a plane passing through a point
of perpendicular. a,b,c is r = (1 − s − t) a + s b t + c
(8) Image of a point in a straight line : Let Q(β ) is the
or r. (b × c + c × a + a × b ) = [a b c ] .
image of P in r = a + λb , then,
→
 2(a − α ).b  P (α) (15) The equation of any plane through the intersection of
β = 2a −  b − α
planes r.n 1 = d 1 and r.n 2 = d 2 is r.(n 1 + λn 2 ) = d 1 + λd 2 ,
 | b| 2 
 
where λ is an arbitrary constant.
A B (16) The perpendicular distance of a point having position
r =(a+λb) r
L = (a + λb ) | a .n − d |
vector a from the plane r.n = d is given by p = .
→
| n|

Q(β)(image) (17) An angle θ between the planes r1 .n 1 = d 1 and

n 1 .n 2
(9) Shortest distance between two parallel lines : Let r2 .n 2 = d 2 is given by cos θ = ± .
| n 1 || n 2 |
l1 and l2 be two lines whose equations are l1 : r = a 1 + λb 1 and
l 2 : r = a 2 + µb 2 respectively.

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 7

Science Higher Secondary School

(18) Perpendicular distance of a point P (r) from a line

passing through a and parallel to b is given by
1/2
| (r − a ) × b |   (r − a ) .b 
2 
PM = = (r − a ) 2 −    .
| b|   | b|  
 
(19) The equation of the planes bisecting the angles Unit vectors parallel to x-axis, y-axis and z-axis are
between the planes r1 .n 1 = d 1 and r2 .n 2 = d 2 are denoted by i, j and k respectively.
| r.n 1 − d 1 | | r.n 2 − d 2 |
=
| n1 | | n2| Two unit vectors may not be equal unless they have the
same direction.
r.n 1 − d 1 r.n 2 − d 2
or =±
| n1 | | n2 |
A unit vector is self reciprocal.
d d
or r.(n 1 ± n 2 ) = 1 ± 2 .
| n1 | | n 2 | The internal bisector of the angle between any two
(20) Perpendicular distance of a point P (r) from a plane vectors is along the vector sum of the corresponding unit
passing through a point a and parallel to b and c is given by vectors.
(r − a ).(b × c )
PM = . The external bisector of the angle between two vectors is
| b ×c |
along the vector difference of the corresponding unit vectors.
(21) Perpendicular distance of a point P(r) from a plane
passing through the points a, b and c is given by
If a, b, c are position vectors of vertices of a triangle,
(r − a ). (b × c + c × a + a × b )
PM = . a +b+c
| b ×c + c ×a + a ×b| then position vector of its centroid is .
3
(22) Angle between line and plane : If θ is the angle
between a line r = (a + λb ) and the plane r.n = d , then If a, b, c, d are position vectors of vertices of a
b .n
sin θ = . tetrahedron, then position vector of its centroid is
| b || n |
a +b +c +d
(i) Condition of perpendicularity: If the line is .
4
perpendicular to the plane, then it is parallel to the normal to
the plane. Therefore b and n are parallel.
Lagrange's identity: If a, b are any two vectors, then
So, b × n = 0 or b = λn for some scalar λ.
(ii) Condition of parallelism : If the line is parallel to | a × b | 2 =| a | 2| b | 2 −(a . b ) 2 or | a × b | 2 +(a . b )2 =| a | 2| b | 2
the plane, then it is perpendicular to the normal to the plane.
Therefore b and n are perpendicular. So, b.n = 0. a . b ≤| a | | b | .

(iii) If the line r = a + λb lies in the plane r.n = d, then

a . b > 0 ⇒ Angle between a and b is acute.
(a) b.n = 0
(b) a.n = d.
a . b < 0 ⇒ Angle between a and b is obtuse.
(23) The equation of sphere with centre at C(c) and radius
‘a’ is | r − c | = a .
The dot product of a zero and non-zero vector is a scalar
(24) The plane r.n = d touches the sphere | r − a | = R , if
zero.
| a .n − d |
=R.
| n| Centre of the sphere is the centroid of tetrahedron.
(25) If the position vectors of the extremities of a diameter
of a sphere are a and b, then its equation is (r − a ).(r − b ) = 0 or The angle between any two plane faces of a regular
| r| 2 − r.(a − b ) + a .b = 0 . tetrahedron is cos −1
1
.
3

The distance of any vertex from the opposite face of

2
regular tetrahedron is k , k being the length of any edge.
3

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 8 website: www.edunova.ac.in

10. If the position vectors of the vertices of a triangle be

6 i + 4 j + 5 k , 4 i + 5 j + 6 k and 5 i + 6 j + 4 k, then the
triangle is
(a) Right angled (b) Isosceles
(c) Equilateral (d) None of these
11. The perimeter of the triangle whose vertices have the
Modulus of vector, Algebra of vectors position vectors (i + j + k ), (5 i + 3 j − 3 k ) and
(2i + 5 j + 9 k ), is given by [MP PET 1993]
1. The perimeter of a triangle with sides 3 i + 4 j + 5 k,
(a) 15 + 157 (b) 15 − 157
4 i − 3 j − 5 k and 7 i + j is [MP PET 1991]
(c) 15 − 157 (d) 15 + 157
(a) 450 (b) 150
12. The position vectors of two points A and B are i + j − k
(c) 50 (d) 200
and 2i − j + k respectively. Then | AB | = [BIT Ranchi 1992]
2. If the position vectors of the vertices of a triangle be
(a) 2 (b) 3
2i + 4 j − k, 4 i + 5 j + k and 3 i + 6 j − 3 k, then the triangle
(c) 4 (d) 5
is [UPSEAT 2004]
13. The magnitudes of mutually perpendicular forces a, b
(a) Right angled (b) Isosceles and c are 2, 10 and 11 respectively. Then the magnitude of
(c) Equilateral (d) Right angled isosceles its resultant is [IIT 1984]
3. If one side of a square be represented by the vector (a) 12 (b) 15
3 i + 4 j + 5 k, then the area of the square is (c) 9 (d) None
(a) 12 (b) 13 14. The system of vectors i, j, k is
(c) 25 (d) 50 (a) Orthogonal (b) Coplanar
4. If a = 2 i + 2 j − k and | x a | = 1, then x = (c) Collinear (d) None of these
15. The direction cosines of the resultant of the vectors
1 1 (i + j + k), (−i + j + k ), (i − j + k) and (i + j − k), are
(a) ± (b) ±
3 4
 1 1 1   1 1 1 
1 1 (a)  , , (b)  , , 
(c) ± (d) ±  2 3 6   6 6 6 
5 6
5. Which of the following is not a unit vector for all values of  1 1 1   1 1 1 
(c)  − ,− ,−  (d)  , ,
θ  6 6 6  3 3 3 
(a) (cos θ )i − (sin θ ) j (b) (sin θ ) i + (cos θ ) j
16. The position vectors of P and Q are 5 i + 4 j + ak and
(c) (sin 2θ ) i − (cos θ ) j (d) (cos 2θ ) i − (sin 2θ ) j −i + 2 j − 2 k respectively. If the distance between them is
6. If a + b bisects the angle between a and b, then a and b are 7, then the value of a will be
(a) Mutually perpendicular (b) Unlike vectors (a) – 5, 1 (b) 5, 1
(c) 0, 5 (d) 1, 0
(c) Equal in magnitude (d) None of these
17. A zero vector has
7. If a = i + 2 j + 2 k and b = 3 i + 6 j + 2 k, then a vector in (a) Any direction (b) No direction
the direction of a and having magnitude as |b| is [IIT 1983] (c) Many directions (d) None of these
7 π
(a) 7 (i + j + k ) (b) (i + 2 j + 2 k ) 18. A unit vector a makes an angle with z-axis. If a + i + j
3 4
7 is a unit vector, then a is equal to [IIT 198
(c) (i + 2 j + 2 k ) (d) None of these
9 i j k i j k
(a) + + (b) + −
8. If p = 7 i − 2 j + 3 k and q = 3 i + j + 5 k, then the 2 2 2 2 2 2
magnitude of p − 2 q is [MP PET 1987] i j k
(c) − − + (d) None of these
(a) 29 (b) 4 2 2 2
19. A force is a
(c) 62 − 2 35 (d) 66
(a) Unit vector (b) Localised vector
9. Let a = i be a vector which makes an angle of 120 o with (c) Zero vector (d) Free vector
a unit vector b. Then the unit vector (a + b ) is 20. If a, b, c, d be the position vectors of the points A, B, C
[MP PET 1991] and D respectively referred to same origin O such that no
three of these points are collinear and a + c = b + d, then
1 3 3 1 quadrilateral ABCD is a
(a) − i+ j (b) − i+ j
2 2 2 2 (a) Square (b) Rhombus
(c) Rectangle (d) Parallelogram
1 3 3 1
(c) i+ j (d) i− j
2 2 2 2

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 9

Science Higher Secondary School

21. If the position vectors of A and B are i + 3 j − 7 k and 31. The direction cosines of the vector 3 i − 4 j + 5 k are
5 i − 2 j + 4 k, then the direction cosine of AB along y-axis [Karnataka CET 2000]
is 3 −4 1 3 −4 1
(a) , , (b) , ,
[MNR 1989] 5 5 5 5 2 5 2 2
4 5
(a) (b) − 3 −4 1 3 4 1
162 162 (c) , , (d) , ,
2 2 2 5 2 5 2 2
(c) – 5 (d) 11
22. If the resultant of two forces is of magnitude P and equal 32. The position vectors of A and B are 2i − 9 j − 4 k and
to one of them and perpendicular to it, then the other
6 i − 3 j + 8 k respectively, then the magnitude of AB is
force is
[MNR 1986] [MP PET 2000]
(a) P 2 (b) P (a) 11 (b) 12
(c) 13 (d) 14
(c) P 3 (d) None of these
23. The direction cosines of vector a = 3 i + 4 j + 5 k in the 33. If the position vectors of P and Q are (i + 3 j − 7 k ) and
direction of positive axis of x, is [MP PET 1991] (5 i − 2 j + 4 k), then | PQ | is [MP PET 2001, 03]
3 4
(a) ± (b) (a) 158 (b) 160
50 50
3 4 (c) 161 (d) 162
(c) (d) −
50 50 34. If a is non zero vector of modulus a and m is a non-zero
scalar, then ma is a unit vector if [MP PET 2002]
24. The point having position vectors 2i + 3 j + 4 k,
(a) m = ±1 (b) m = | a |
3 i + 4 j + 2 k, 4 i + 2 j + 3 k are the vertices of
[EAMCET 1988] 1
(c) m = (d) m = ± 2
(a) Right angled triangle (b) Isosceles triangle | a|
(c) Equilateral triangle (d) Collinear 35. The position vectors of the points A, B, C are (2i + j − k ),
25. Let α , β , γ be distinct real numbers. The points with (3 i − 2 j + k ) and (i + 4 j − 3 k ) respectively. These points
position vectors αi + βj + γk, βi + γj + αk, γi + αj + βk [Kurukshetra CEE
[IIT Screening 1994] 2002]
(a) Are collinear (a) Form an isosceles triangle
(b) Form an equilateral triangle (b) Form a right-angled triangle
(c) Form a scalene triangle (c) Are collinear
(d) Form a right angled triangle (d) Form a scalene triangle
26. If | a | = 3, | b | = 4 and | a + b | = 5, then | a − b | =
36. The vectors AB = 3 i + 4 k, and AC = 5 i − 2 j + 4 k are the
[EAMCET 1994]
(a) 6 (b) 5 sides of a triangle ABC. The length of the median through
(c) 4 (d) 3 A is [AIEEE 2003]

27. If OP = 8 and OP makes angles 45 o and 60 o with OX- (a) 18 (b) 72

axis and OY-axis respectively, then OP = (c) 33 (d) 288
(a) 8 ( 2 i + j ± k ) (b) 4 ( 2 i + j ± k ) 37. If the position vectors of the vertices A, B, C of a triangle
1 1 ABC are 7 j + 10 k, −i + 6 j + 6 k and −4 i + 9 j + 6 k
(c) ( 2 i + j ± k) (d) ( 2 i + j ± k)
4 8 respectively, the triangle is [UPSEAT 2004]
28. If a and b are two non-zero and non-collinear vectors, (a) Equilateral
then a + b and a – b are [MP PET 1997] (b) Isosceles
(a) Linearly dependent vectors (c) Scalene
(b) Linearly independent vectors
(d) Right angled and isosceles also
(c) Linearly dependent and independent vectors
38. The figure formed by the four points i + j − k, 2i + 3 j,
(d) None of these
29. If the vectors 6 i − 2 j + 3 k, 2 i + 3 j − 6 k and 3 i + 6 j − 2 k 3 i + 5 j − 2 k and k − j is [MP PET 2004]
form a triangle, then it is [Karnataka CET 1999] (a) Rectangle (b) Parallelogram
(a) Right angled (b) Obtuse angled (c) Trapezium (d) None of these
(c) Equilteral (d) Isosceles 39. ABC is an isosceles triangle right angled at A. Forces of
30. If the resultant of two forces of magnitudes P and Q acting magnitude 2 2, 5 and 6 act along BC , CA and AB
at a point at an angle of 60 o is 7 Q, then P/Q is respectively. The magnitude of their resultant force is
[Roorkee 1999] [Roorkee 1999]
3 (a) 4 (b) 5
(a) 1 (b)
2 (c) 11 + 2 2 (d) 30
(c) 2 (d) 4

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 10 website: www.edunova.ac.in

40. If ABCDEF is a regular hexagon and 49. If a = i + 2 j + 3 k, b = −i + 2 j + k and c = 3 i + j, then the

AB + AC + AD + AE + AF = λ AD, then λ = [RPET 1985] unit vector along its resultant is [Roorkee 1980]
(a) 2 (b) 3 3i + 5 j + 4 k
(a) 3 i + 5 j + 4 k (b)
(c) 4 (d) 6 50
41. If P and Q be the middle points of the sides BC and CD of 3i + 5 j + 4 k
(c) (d) None of these
the parallelogram ABCD, then AP + AQ = 5 2
1 50. In a regular hexagon ABCDEF, AE = [MNR 1984]
(a) AC (b) AC
2
(a) AC + AF + AB (b) AC + AF − AB
2 3
(c) AC (d) AC
3 2 (c) AC + AB − AF (d) None of these
42. P is a point on the side BC of the ∆ ABC and Q is a point
51. 3 OD + DA + DB + DC = [IIT 1988]
such that PQ is the resultant of AP , PB, PC. Then ABQC is
a (a) OA + OB − OC (b) OA + OB − BD
(a) Square (b) Rectangle (c) OA + OB + OC (d) None of these
(c) Parallelogram (d) Trapezium 52. p = 2a − 3 b , q = a − 2 b + c , r = −3 a + b + 2c ; where a, b
43. In the figure, a vector x satisfies the equation x − w = v . and c being non-zero, non-coplanar vectors, then the
Then x = A vector −2 a + 3 b − c is equal to
−7 q + r
(a) p − 4 q (b)
a 5
c
b (c) 2 p − 3 q + r (d) 4 p − 2 r

B C 53. In a trapezium, the vector BC = λ AD. We will then find

w D v
that p = AC + BD is collinear with AD, If p = µ AD,
(a) 2a + b + c (b) a + 2 b + c then
(c) a + b + 2 c (d) a + b + c (a) µ = λ + 1 (b) λ = µ + 1
44. A vector coplanar with the non-collinear vectors a and b
is (c) λ + µ = 1 (d) µ = 2 + λ
(a) a × b (b) a + b 54. If a = 2 i + j − 8 k and b = i + 3 j − 4 k , then the magnitude
(c) a . b (d) None of these of a + b = [MP PET 1996]
13
45. If ABCD is a parallelogram, AB = 2 i + 4 j − 5 k and (a) 13 (b)
3
AD = i + 2 j + 3 k, then the unit vector in the direction of 3 4
BD is [Roorkee 1976]
(c) (d)
13 13
1 1 55. A, B, C, D, E are five coplanar points, then
(a) (i + 2 j − 8 k ) (b) (i + 2 j − 8 k )
69 69 DA + DB + DC + AE + BE + CE is equal to [RPET 1999]
1 1
(c) (−i − 2 j + 8 k ) (d) (−i − 2 j + 8 k ) (a) DE (b) 3 DE
69 69
46. If a, b and c be three non-zero vectors, no two of which (c) 2 DE (d) 4 ED
are collinear. If the vector a + 2 b is collinear with c and 56. If a = 3 i − 2 j + k, b = 2i − 4 j − 3 k and c = −i + 2 j + 2 k,
b + 3 c is collinear with a, then ( λ being some non-zero
then a + b + c is [MP PET 2001]
scalar) a + 2 b + 6 c is equal to [AIEEE 2004]
(a) 3 i − 4 j (b) 3 i + 4 j
(a) λa (b) λb
(c) λc (d) 0 (c) 4 i − 4 j (d) 4 i + 4 j
47. If a = 2i + 5 j and b = 2 i − j, then the unit vector along 57. Five points given by A, B, C, D, E are in a plane. Three
a + b will be [RPET 1985, 95] forces AC , AD and AE act at A and three forces
i−j CB , DB, EB act at B. Then their resultant is [AMU 2001]
(a) (b) i + j
2
(a) 2 AC (b) 3 AB
i+j
(c) 2 (i + j) (d) (c) 3 DB (d) 2 BC
2
58. The sum of two forces is 18 N and resultant whose
48. What should be added in vector a = 3 i + 4 j − 2 k to get its direction is at right angles to the smaller force is 12N. The
resultant a unit vector i [Roorkee 1977] magnitude of the two forces are [AIEEE
(a) − 2i − 4 j + 2 k (b) −2 i + 4 j − 2 k (a) 13, 5 (b) 12, 6
(c) 2i + 4 j − 2 k (d) None of these (c) 14, 4 (d) 11, 7

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 11

Science Higher Secondary School

59. The unit vector parallel to the resultant vector of 67. If the position vectors of the point A, B, C be i, j, k
2i + 4 j − 5 k and i + 2 j + 3 k is [MP PET 2003] respectively and P be a point such that AB = CP , then the
1 i + j+ k position vector of P is
(a) (3 i + 6 j − 2 k ) (b)
7 3 (a) −i + j + k (b) −i − j + k
i + j + 2k 1 (c) i + j − k (d) None of these
(c) (d) (−i − j + 8 k )
6 69 68. If the position vectors of the points A, B, C, D be
2 i + 3 j + 5 k , i + 2 j + 3 k , − 5 i + 4 j − 2 k and i + 10 j + 10 k
60. If a, b, c are the position vectors of the vertices A, B, C of
the triangle ABC, then the centroid of ∆ ABC is respectively, then [MNR 1982]

[MP PET 1987] (a) AB = CD (b) AB | | CD

a +b+c 1 b +c  (c) AB ⊥ CD (d) None of these
(a) (b) a + 
3 2 2  69. If the position vector of one end of the line segment AB be
b+c a +b+c 2 i + 3 j − k and the position vector of its middle point be
(c) a + (d)
2 2 3 (i + j + k ), then the position vector of the other end is
61. If in the given figure OA = a , OB = b and (a) 4 i + 3 j + 5 k (b) 4 i − 3 j + 7 k

AP : PB = m : n, then OP = [RPET 1981; MP PET (c) 4 i + 3 j + 7 k (d) 4 i + 3 j − 7 k

1988] 70. If G and G' be the centroids of the triangles ABC and
A' B' C ' respectively, then AA '+ BB ' + CC ' =
B
2
(a) GG ' (b) GG '
3
(c) 2 GG ' (d) 3 GG '
71. If O be the circumcentre and O' be the orthocentre of the
m a +nb na +m b
(a) (b) triangle ABC, then O ' A + O ' B + O ' C =
m +n m +n
ma −nb (a) OO ' (b) 2 O ' O
(c) m a − n b (d)
m −n (c) 2 OO ' (d) 0
62. If D, E, F be the middle points of the sides BC, CA and AB
72. If the vectors represented by the sides AB and BC of the
of the triangle ABC, then AD + BE + CF is regular hexagon ABCDEF be a and b, then the vector
(a) A zero vector (b) A unit vector represented by AE will be
(c) 0 (d) None of these (a) 2 b − a (b) b − a
63. If a and b are the position vectors of A and B respectively,
then the position vector of a point C on AB produced such (c) 2 a − b (d) a + b
that AC = 3 AB is [MNR 1980; MP PET 1995, 99] 73. The position vector of a point C with respect to B is i + j
(a) 3 a − b (b) 3 b − a and that of B with respect to A is i − j. The position vector
(c) 3 a − 2 b (d) 3 b − 2 a of C with respect to A is [MP PET 1989]
64. The position vectors of A and B are i − j + 2 k and (a) 2 i (b) 2 j
3 i − j + 3 k. The position vector of the middle point of the (c) – 2 j (d) – 2 i
line AB is [MP PET 1988] 74. A and B are two points. The position vector of A is
6 b − 2 a . A point P divides the line AB in the ratio 1 : 2. If
1 1 5
(a) i − j+ k (b) 2i − j + k a − b is the position vector of P, then the position vector
2 2 2 of B is given by [MP PET 1993]
3 1 3 (a) 7 a − 15 b (b) 7 a + 15 b
(c) i − j+ k (d) None of these
2 2 2 (c) 15 a − 7 b (d) 15 a + 7 b
65. If ABCD is a parallelogram and the position vectors of A, 75. If the position vectors of the points A and B are i + 3 j − k
B, C are i + 3 j + 5 k, i + j + k and 7 i + 7 j + 7 k, then the
and 3 i − j − 3 k, then what will be the position vector of
position vector of D will be
the mid point of AB [MP PET 1992]
(a) 7 i + 5 j + 3 k (b) 7 i + 9 j + 11 k
(a) i + 2 j − k (b) 2 i + j − 2 k
(c) 9 i + 11 j + 13 k (d) 8 i + 8 j + 8 k
(c) 2i + j − k (d) i + j − 2 k
66. P is the point of intersection of the diagonals of the
76. If C is the middle point of AB and P is any point outside
parallelogram ABCD. If O is any point, then
AB, then [MNR 1
OA + OB + OC + OD = [RPET 1989; J & K 2005]
(a) PA + PB = PC (b) PA + PB = 2 PC
(a) OP (b) 2 OP
(c) PA + PB + PC = 0 (d) PA + PB + 2 PC = 0
(c) 3 OP (d) 4 OP

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 12 website: www.edunova.ac.in

77. If in a triangle AB = a , AC = b and D, E are the mid- 86. If a and b are P.V. of two points A and B and C divides AB
in ratio 2 : 1, then P.V. of C is [RPET 1996]
points of AB and AC respectively, then DE is equal to a + 2b 2a + b
[RPET 1986] (a) (b)
3 3
a b a b
(a) − (b) − a+2 a+b
4 4 2 2 (c) (d)
3 2
b a b a
(c) − (d) − 87. If A, B, C are the vertices of a triangle whose position
4 4 2 2
vectors are a, b, c and G is the centroid of the ∆ABC ,
78. In the triangle ABC, AB = a , AC = c , BC = b , then
then GA + GB + GC is [Karnataka CET 2000]
[RPET 1984]
(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a + b − c = 0 (a) 0 (b) A + B + C
(c) a − b + c = 0 (d) − a + b + c = 0 a +b +c a +b −c
(c) (d)
3 3
79. ABCDE is a pentagon. Forces AB , AE , DC, ED act at a
88. If O is origin and C is the mid point of A(2, − 1) and
point. Which force should be added to this system to
make the resultant 2 AC [MNR 1984] B(−4 , 3) . Then value of OC is [RPET 2001]
(a) i + j (b) i – j
(a) AC (b) AD
(c) – i + j (d) – i – j
(c) BC (d) BD
89. If ABCDEF is regular hexagon, then AD + EB + FC =
80. Let A and B be points with position vectors a and b with
respect to the origin O. If the point C on OA is such that [Karnataka CET 2002]

2 AC = CO , CD is parallel to OB and | CD | = 3 | OB |, (a) 0 (b) 2 AB

then AD is equal to (c) 3 AB (d) 4 AB

a a 90. If position vectors of a point A is a + 2b and a divides AB
(a) 3 b − (b) 3 b + in the ratio 2 : 3 , then the position vector of B is [MP PET 2002]
2 2
(a) 2a – b (b) b – 2a
a a (c) a – 3b (d) b
(c) 3 b − (d) 3 b +
3 3 91. If D, E, F are respectively the mid points of AB, AC and
81. In a triangle ABC, if 2 AC = 3 CB , then 2OA + 3 OB
BC in ∆ABC , then BE + AF = [EAMCET 2003]
equals
1
[IIT 1988; Pb. CET 2003] (a) DC (b) BF
2
(a) 5 OC (b) − OC
3
(c) 2 BF (d) BF
(c) OC (d) None of these 2
92. If 4 i + 7 j + 8 k, 2i + 3 j + 4 k and 2i + 5 j + 7 k are the
82. If AO + OB = BO + OC , then A, B, C form [IIT 1983]
position vectors of the vertices A, B and C respectively of
(a) Equilateral triangle (b) Right angled triangle triangle ABC. The position vector of the point where the
(c) Isosceles triangle (d) Line bisector of angle A meets BC is
83. The sum of the three vectors determined by the medians [Pb. CET 2004]
of a triangle directed from the vertices is [MP PET 1997] 1 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) (6 i + 13 j + 18 k ) (b) (6 i + 12 j − 8 k )
3 3
1 1 2
(c) – 1 (d) (c) (−6 i − 8 j − 9 k ) (d) (−6 i − 12 j + 8 k )
3 3 3
84. The position vector of the points which divides internally 93. If a = i − j and b = i + k , then a unit vector coplanar
in the ratio 2 : 3 the join of the points 2a − 3 b and
with a and b and perpendicular to a is
3 a − 2 b , is [AI CBSE 1985]
(a) i (b) j
12 13 12 13 (c) k (d) None of these
(a) a+ b (b) a− b
5 5 5 5 94. If the position vectors of the points A, B, C be i + j, i − j
3 2 and a i + b j + c k respectively, then the points A, B, C are
(c) a− b (d) None of these
5 5 collinear if
85. If position vector of points A, B, C are respectively i, j, k (a) a = b = c = 1
and AB = CX , then position vector of point X is (b) a = 1, b and c are arbitrary scalars
[MP PET 1994]
(c) a = b = c = 0
(a) − i + j + k (b) i − j + k
(d) c = 0, a = 1 and b is arbitrary scalars
(c) i + j − k (d) i + j + k

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 13

Science Higher Secondary School

95. If the points a + b , a − b and a + k b be collinear, then k 106. If ( x , y, z ) ≠ (0, 0, 0 ) and

= (i + j + 3 k ) x + (3 i − 3 j + k ) y +(−4 i + 5 j) z = λ ( x i + y j + zk ),
(a) 0 (b) 2 then the value of λ will be [IIT 1982; RPET 1984]
(c) – 2 (d) Any real number (a) – 2, 0 (b) 0, – 2
96. If the position vectors of the points A, B, C be a , b , (c) – 1, 0 (d) 0, – 1
3 a − 2 b respectively, then the points A, B, C are 107. The vectors a, b and a + b are
[MP PET 1989] (a) Collinear (b) Coplanar
(a) Collinear (b) Non-collinear (c) Non-coplanar (d) None of these
108. If a, b, c are the position vectors of three collinear points,
(c) Form a right angled triangle(d) None of these
then the existence of x, y, z is such that
97. If a, b, c are non-collinear vectors such that for some
(a) x a + y b + z c = 0, x + y + z ≠ 0
scalars x, y, z, x a + y b + z c = 0 , then [RPET 2002]
(a) x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 (b) x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0, z = 0 (b) x a + y b + z c ≠ 0, x + y + z = 0

(c) x = 0, y ≠ 0, z ≠ 0 (d) x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0, z ≠ 0 (c) x a + y b + z c ≠ 0, x + y + z ≠ 0

98. The vectors 3 i + j − 5 k and a i + b j − 15 k are collinear, if (d) x a + y b + zc = 0, x + y + z = 0

109. If a = (2, 5) and b = (1, 4 ), then the vector parallel to
[RPET 1986; MP PET 1988] (a + b ) is
(a) a = 3, b = 1 (b) a = 9, b = 1 (a) (3, 5) (b) (1, 1)
(c) a = 3, b = 3 (d) a = 9, b = 3 (c) (1, 3) (d) (8, 5)
110. The vectors a and b are non-collinear. The value of x for
99. The points with position vectors 60 i + 3 j , 40 i − 8 j, ,
which the vectors c = (x − 2) a + b and d = (2 x + 1) a − b
a i − 52 j are collinear, if a =
are collinear, is
[RPET 1991; IIT 1983; MP PET 2002]
1
(a) – 40 (b) 40 (a) 1 (b)
2
(c) 20 (d) None of these
100. If O be the origin and the position vector of A be 4 i + 5 j, 1
(c) (d) None of these
3
then a unit vector parallel to OA is 111. The vectors i + 2 j + 3 k, λi + 4 j + 7 k, −3 i − 2 j − 5 k are
4 5
(a) i (b) i collinear, if λ equals [Kurukshetra CEE 1996]
41 41 (a) 3 (b) 4
1 1 (c) 5 (d) 6
(c) (4 i + 5 j) (d) (4 i − 5 j)
41 41 112. The position vectors of four points P, Q, R, S are 2a + 4 c ,
101. If the position vectors of the points A and B be 5a + 3 3 b + 4 c , − 2 3b + c and 2a + c respectively,
2 i + 3 j − k and −2 i + 3 j + 4 k , then the line AB is then [MP PE
parallel to (a) PQ is parallel to RS
(a) xy-plane (b) yz-plane
(c) zx-plane (d) None of these (b) PQ is not parallel to RS
102. The points with position vectors 10 i + 3 j, 12 i − 5 j and (c) PQ is equal to RS
a i + 11 j are collinear, if a = (d) PQ is parallel and equal to RS
[MNR 1992; Kurukshetra CEE 2002] 113. If a = (1, − 1) and b = (− 2, m ) are two collinear vectors,
(a) – 8 (b) 4
then m = [MP PET 1998]
(c) 8 (d) 12 (a) 4 (b) 3
103. Three points whose position vectors are a + b , a − b and (c) 2 (d) 0
a + k b will be collinear, if the value of k is [IIT 1984] 114. If three points A, B, C are collinear, whose position
(a) Zero vectors are i − 2 j − 8 k, 5 i − 2 k and 11 i + 3 j + 7 k
(b) Only negative real number respectively, then the ratio in which B divides AC is [RPET
(c) Only positive real number (a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 3
(d) Every real number (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 1
104. If the position vectors of A, B, C, D are 2 i + j, i − 3 j, 115. If a and b are two non-collinear vectors and x a + y b = 0
3 i + 2 j and i + λj respectively and AB || CD , then λ [RPET 2001]
will be [RPET 1988] (a) x = 0 , but y is not necessarily zero
(a) – 8 (b) – 6 (b) y = 0 , but x is not necessarily zero
(c) 8 (d) 6 (c) x = 0 , y = 0
105. If the vectors 3 i + 2 j − k and 6 i − 4 x j + y k are parallel,
(d) None of these
then the value of x and y will be [RPET 1985, 86]
(a) – 1, – 2 (b) 1, – 2
(c) – 1, 2 (d) 1, 2

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 14 website: www.edunova.ac.in

116. If three points A, B and C have position vectors 7. If a, b, c are mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then
(1, x , 3), (3, 4 , 7) and (y, − 2, − 5) respectively and if they are | a +b +c| = [Karnataka CET 2002, 05; J & K
collinear, then ( x , y ) = [EAMCET 2002] 2005]

(a) (2, – 3) (b) (– 2, 3) (a) 3 (b) 3

(c) (2, 3) (d) (– 2, – 3) (c) 1 (d) 0
117. a and b are two non-collinear vectors, then x a + y b 8. If | a | + | b | =| c | and a + b = c , then the angle between
(where x and y are scalars) represents a vector which is a and b is
[MP PET 2003] π
(a) (b) π
(a) Parallel to b (b) Parallel to a 2
(c) Coplanar with a and b (d) None of these (c) 0 (d) None of these
118. If a, b, c are three non-coplanar vectors such that 9. If a has magnitude 5 and points north-east and vector b
a + b + c = α d and b + c + d = β a , then a + b + c + d is has magnitude 5 and points north-west, then | a − b | =
equal to [MNR 1984]
(a) 0 (b) α a (a) 25 (b) 5
(c) β b (d) (α + β ) c (c) 7 3 (d) 5 2
119. The value of k for which the vectors a = i − j and 10. If θ be the angle between the unit vectors a and b, then
b = −2 i + k j are collinear is [Pb. CET 2004] θ
cos = [MP PET 1998; Pb. CET 2002]
2
1
(a) 2 (b) 1 1
2 (a) | a −b| (b) | a + b|
2 2
1
(c) (d) 3 | a − b| | a + b|
3 (c) (d)
| a + b| | a − b|

Scalar or Dot product of two vectors and its 11. If | a | = 3, | b | = 4 , | c | = 5 and a + b + c = 0, then the
applications angle between a and b is [MP PET 1989; Bihar CEE
1994]
π
1. (a . i ) i + (a . j)j + (a . k ) k = [Karnataka CET 2004] (a) 0 (b)
6
(a) a (b) 2 a
(c) 0 (d) None of these π π
(c) (d)
2. If r . i = r . j = r . k and | r | = 3, then r = 3 2
12. If | a + b | > | a − b |, then the angle between a and b is
1
(a) ± 3 (i + j + k ) (b) ± (i + j + k ) (a) Acute (b) Obtuse
3
1 π
(c) ± (i + j + k ) (d) ± 3 (i + j + k ) (c) (d) π
2
3
3. If a, b, c are non-zero vectors such that a . b = a . c , 13. If a, b, c are three vectors such that a = b + c and the
angle between b and c is π / 2, then
then which statement is true [RPET 2001]
[EAMCET 2003]
(a) b = c (b) a ⊥ (b − c )
(a) a 2 = b 2 + c 2 (b) b 2 = c 2 + a 2
(c) b = c or a ⊥ (b − c ) (d) None of these
(c) c 2 = a 2 + b 2 (d) 2 a 2 − b 2 = c 2
4. If a and b be unlike vectors, then a . b =
(a) | a | | b | (b) – | a | | b | (Note : Here a = | a |, b =| b |, c =| c |)
(c) 0 (d) None of these 14. If the angle between the vectors a and b be θ and
5. If a, b, c are unit vectors such that a + b + c = 0 , then a . b = cos θ , then the true statement is
a . b+b . c +c . a = (a) a and b are equal vectors
[MP PET 1988; Karnataka CET 2000; UPSEAT 2003, 04] (b) a and b are like vectors
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) a and b are unlike vectors
(c) – 3/2 (d) 3/2 (d) a and b are unit vectors
6. If a, b, c are mutually perpendicular vectors of equal 15. If the vector i + j + k makes angles α , β , γ with vectors
magnitudes, then the angle between the vectors a and
a + b + c is i, j, k respectively, then
π π (a) α = β ≠ γ (b) α = γ ≠ β
(a) (b)
3 6 (c) β = γ ≠ α (d) α = β = γ
−1 1 π 2 2 2
(c) cos (d) 16. (r . i ) + (r . j) + (r . k ) =
3 2
(a) 3 r 2 (b) r 2
(c) 0 (d) None of these

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 15

Science Higher Secondary School

17. The value of b such that scalar product of the vectors 1

(i + j + k ) with the unit vector parallel to the sum of the 26. If d = λ (a × b ) + µ (b × c ) + ν (c × a ) and [a b c ] = , then
8
vectors (2 i + 4 j − 5 k ) and (b i + 2 j + 3 k ) is 1, is λ + µ + ν is equal to
[MNR 1992; Roorkee 1985, 95; Kurukshetra CEE 1998; (a) 8 d . (a + b + c ) (b) 8 d × (a + b + c )
UPSEAT 2000]
(a) – 2 (b) – 1 d d
(c) . (a + b + c ) (d) × (a + b + c )
(c) 0 (d) 1 8 8
27. The horizontal force and the force inclined at an angle
18. If a unit vector lies in yz–plane and makes angles of 30 o
60 o with the vertical, whose resultant is in vertical
and 60 o with the positive y-axis and z-axis respectively,
direction of P kg, are [IIT 1983]
then its components along the co-ordinate axes will be
(a) P, 2P (b) P, P 3
3 1 3 1
(a) , ,0 (b) 0, ,
2 2 2 2 (c) 2 P, P 3 (d) None of these
3 1 1 3 28. If a and b are mutually perpendicular vectors, then
(c) , 0, (d) 0, ,
2 2 2 2 (a + b ) 2 = [MP PET 1994; Pb. CET 2002]
19. If F1 = i − j + k, F2 = −i + 2 j − k, F3 = j − k, (a) a + b (b) a − b
r r
A = 4 i − 3 j − 2 k and B = 6 i + j − 3 k, then the scalar
2
(c) a − b 2
(d) (a − b ) 2

product of F1 + F2 + F3 and AB will be [Roorkee 1980]

29. a . b = 0, then [RPET 1995]

(a) 3 (b) 6 (a) a ⊥ b

(c) 9 (d) 12 (b) a || b
20. If the moduli of a and b are equal and angle between
(c) Angle between a and b is 60 o
them is 120 o and a . b = − 8 , then | a | is equal to [RPET 1986]
(d) None of these
(a) – 5 (b) – 4 30. If | a | = 3, | b | = 1, | c | = 4 and a + b + c = 0, then
(c) 4 (d) 5
a .b + b .c + c .a = [MP PET 1995; RPET 2000]
21. If | a | = 3, | b | = 4 and the angle between a and b be
(a) – 13 (b) – 10
120 o , then | 4 a + 3 b | =
(c) 13 (d) 10
(a) 25 (b) 12 31. If ABCDEF is regular hexagon, the length of whose side is
(c) 13 (d) 7 1 2
a, then AB . AF + BC =
22. A vector whose modulus is 51 and makes the same 2
i − 2 j + 2k − 4 i − 3k
angle with a = ,b= and c = j, will (a) a (b) a 2
3 5
be (c) 2 a 2 (d) 0
[Roorkee 1987] 32. If in a right angled triangle ABC, the hypotenuse AB = p,
(a) 5 i + 5 j + k (b) 5 i + j − 5 k
(c) 5 i + j + 5 k (d) ± (5 i − j − 5 k ) then AB . AC + BC . BA + CA . CB is equal to
23. If a, b, c are coplanar vectors, then [IIT 1989] p2
(a) 2 p 2 (b)
a b c a b c 2
(a) b c a =0 (b) a .a a .b a .c = 0 (c) p 2 (d) None of these
c a b b .a b.b b .c 33. A, B, C, D are any four points, then
a b c a b c AB . CD + BC . AD + CA . BD = [MNR 1986]
(c) c .a c .b c .c = 0 (d) a.b a .a a .c = 0
b .a b.c b.b c .a c .c c .b (a) 2 AB . BC . CD (b) AB + BC + CD
r
24. If λ is a unit vector perpendicular to plane of vector a (c) 5 3 (d) 0
and b and angle between them is θ, then a . b will be 34. The vector a coplanar with the vectors i and j,
[RPET 1985] perpendicular to the vector b = 4 i − 3 j + 5 k such that
r r
(a) | a | | b | sin θ λ (b) | a | | b | cos θ λ | a | =| b | is
(c) | a | | b | cos θ (d) | a | | b | sin θ
(a) 2 (3 i + 4 j) or − 2 (3 i + 4 j)
25. If p = i − 2 j + 3 k and q = 3 i + j + 2 k , then a vector along r
which is linear combination of p and q and also (b) 2 (4 i + 3 j) or − 2 (4 i + 3 j)
perpendicular to q is [MNR 1986]
(c) 3 (4 i + 5 j) or − 3 (4 i + 5 j)
(a) i + 5 j − 4 k (b) i − 5 j + 4 k
1 (d) 3 (5 i + 4 j) or − 3 (5 i + 4 j)
(c) − (i + 5 j − 4 k ) (d) None of these
2

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 16 website: www.edunova.ac.in

35. If a is any vector in space, then [MP PET 1997] 46. a, b, c are three vectors, such that a +b +c =0,
(a) a = (a . i ) i + (a . j) j + (a . k ) k | a | = 1,| b | = 2,| c | = 3 , then a.b + b.c + c.a is equal to
(b) a = (a × i ) + (a × j) + (a × k ) [AIEEE 2003]
(a) 0 (b) – 7
(c) a = j (a . i ) + k (a . j) + i (a . k )
(c) 7 (d) 1
(d) a = (a × i ) × i + (a × j) × j + (a × k ) × k 47. A unit vector which is coplanar to vector i + j + 2 k and
36. If vectors a , b , c satisfy the condition | a − c | =| b − c | , i + 2 j + k and perpendicular to i + j + k , is
[IIT 1992; Kurukshetra CEE 2002]
 a+b
then (b − a ) .  c −  is equal to [AMU 1999]
i−j  j−k 
 2  (a) (b) ±  
(a) 0 (b) –1 2  2 
(c) 1 (d) 2 k −i i + j+k
(c) (d)
37. (a .b) c and (a.c) b are [RPET 2000] 2 3
(a) Two like vectors 48. If | a | = 3, | b | = 4 then a value of λ for which a + λb is
(b) Two equal vectors
perpendicular to a − λb is [Karnataka CET 2004]
(c) Two vectors in direction of a
9 3
(d) None of these (a) (b)
16 4
38. If a = (1, − 1, 2), b = (−2, 3, 5) , c = (2 , − 2, 4 ) and i is the unit
3 4
vector in the x-direction, then (a − 2 b + 3 c ). i = (c) (d)
2 3
[Karnataka CET 2001] 49. a, b and c are three vectors with magnitude | a | = 4 ,
(a) 11 (b) 15
| b | = 4 , | c | = 2 and such that a is perpendicular to
(c) 18 (d) 36
(b + c ), b is perpendicular to (c + a ) and c is
39. For any three non-zero vectors r1 , r2 and r3 ,
perpendicular to (a + b ). It follows that | a + b + c | is
r1 . r1 r1 . r2 r1 . r3
equal to [UPSEA
r2 . r1 r2 . r2 r2 . r3 = 0 . Then which of the following is (a) 9 (b) 6
r3 . r1 r3 . r2 r3 . r3 (c) 5 (d) 4
false [AMU 2000] 50. The angle between the vectors 3 i + j + 2 k and
(a) All the three vectors are parallel to one and the same 2 i − 2 j + 4 k is [MP PET 1990]
plane
2 2
(b) All the three vectors are linearly dependent (a) cos −1 (b) sin −1
(c) This system of equation has a non-trivial solution 7 7
(d) All the three vectors are perpendicular to each other 2 2
(c) cos −1 (d) sin −1
40. Let a, b and c be vectors with magnitudes 3, 4 and 5 5 5
respectively and a + b + c = 0, then the values of 51. If the position vectors of the points A, B, C, D be
a.b + b.c + c.a is i + j + k, 2 i + 5 j, 3 i + 2 j − 3 k and i − 6 j − k, then the
[IIT 1995; DCE 2001; AIEEE 2002; UPSEAT 2002;
Kerala (Engg.) 2005] angle between the vectors AB and CD is
(a) 47 (b) 25 π π
(a) (b)
(c) 50 (d) – 25 4 3
41. If a and b are adjacent sides of a rhombus, then [RPET 2001] π
(c) (d) π
(a) a.b = 0 (b) a × b = 0 2
(c) a.a = b.b (d) None of these 52. If θ be the angle between the unit vectors a and b, then
42. If x and y are two unit vectors and π is the angle between a − 2 b will be a unit vector if θ =
1
them, then | x − y | is equal to [UPSEAT 2001] π π
2 (a) (b)
6 4
(a) 0 (b) π / 2 π 2π
(c) 1 (d) π / 4 (c) (d)
3 3
43. If a . i = a .(i + j) = a .(i + j + k ) , then a = [EAMCET 2002]
53. If the angle between a and b be 30 o , then the angle
(a) i (b) k between 3 a and – 4 b will be
(c) j (d) i+j+k (a) 150 o (b) 90 o
44. If i, j, k are unit vectors, then
(c) 120 o (d) 30 o
(a) i . j = 1 (b) i . i =1
(c) i × j = 1 (d) i × (j × k ) = 1 [MP PET 2001]
45. If | a | =| b |, then (a + b ) . (a − b ) is [MP PET 2002]
(a) Positive (b) Negative
(c) Zero (d) None of these

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 17

Science Higher Secondary School

54. The angle between the vectors i − j + k and i + 2 j + k is 63. If three vectors a, b, c satisfy a + b + c = 0 and | a | = 3,
[BIT Ranchi 1991] | b | = 5, | c | = 7, then the angle between a and b is
 1   4  [Kurukshetra CEE 1998; UPSEAT 2001;
(a) cos −1  
 (b) cos −1  
 AIEEE 2002; MP PET 2002]
 15   15 
(a) 30 o (b) 45 o
−1 
4  π
(c) cos   (d) (c) 60 o (d) 90 o
 15  2
64. If a, b and c are unit vectors such that a + b − c = 0, then
55. The position vector of vertices of a triangle ABC are
the angle between a and b is
4 i − 2 j, i + 4 j − 3 k and −i + 5 j + k respectively, then
[Roorkee Qualifying 1998; MP PET 1999;
∠ABC = [RPET 1988, 97] UPSEAT 2000; RPET 2002]
(a) π / 6 (b) π / 4 (a) π / 6 (b) π / 3
(c) π / 3 (d) π / 2 (c) π / 2 (d) 2π / 3
56. The value of x for which the angle between the vectors 65. If the sum of two unit vectors is a unit vector, then the
a = x i − 3 j − k, b = 2 x i + x j − k is acute and the angle magnitude of their difference is
between the vectors b and the axis of ordinate is obtuse, [Kurukshetra CEE 1996; RPET 1996]
are
(a) 2 (b) 3
(a) 1, 2 (b) – 2, – 3
(c) x > 0 (d) None of these 1
(c) (d) 1
57. If a and b are unit vectors and a − b is also a unit vector, 3
then the angle between a and b is 66. The angle between the vector 2 i + 3 j + k and 2 i − j − k is
[RPET 1991; MP PET 1995; Pb. CET 2001] [MNR 1990; UPSEAT 2000]
π π (a) π / 2 (b) π / 4
(a) (b)
4 3 (c) π / 3 (d) 0
π 2π 67. If θ be the angle between the vectors a = 2 i + 2 j − k and
(c) (d)
2 3
b = 6 i − 3 j + 2 k , then [MP PET 2001, 03]
58. If θ be the angle between two vectors a and b, then
4 3
a .b ≥ 0 if [MP PET 1995] (a) cos θ = (b) cos θ =
21 19
π
(a) 0 ≤ θ ≤ π (b) ≤θ ≤π 2 5
2 (c) cos θ = (d) cos θ =
19 21
π
(c) 0 ≤ θ ≤ (d) None of these 68. If a and b are two unit vectors such that a + 2 b and
2
59. If a = i + 2 j − 3 k and b = 3 i − j + 2 k, then the angle 5 a − 4 b are perpendicular to each other, then the angle
between a and b is [IIT Screening 2002]
between the vectors a + b and a − b is
[Karnataka CET 1994; Orissa JEE 2005] (a) 45 o (b) 60 o

(a) 30 o (b) 60 o 1 2

(c) cos −1   (d) cos −1  
3 7 
(c) 90 o (d) 0 o
60. The value of x for which the angle between the vectors 69. Let a and b be two unit vectors inclined at an angle θ ,
a = − 3 i + x j + k and b = x i + 2 x j + k is acute and the then sin (θ / 2) is equal to
angle between b and x-axis lies between π / 2 and [BIT Ranchi 1991; Karnataka CET 2000, 01;
π satisfy UPSEAT 2002]
[Kurukshetra CEE 1 1
1996]
(a) | a − b| (b) | a + b|
2 2
(a) x > 0 (b) x < 0 (c) | a − b | (d) | a + b |
(c) x > 1 only (d) x < −1 only
70. The angle between the vectors a + b and a – b, when
61. The angle between the vectors (2 i + 6 j + 3 k ) and a = (1, 1, 4 ) and b = (1, − 1, 4 ) is [Karnataka CET 2003]
(12 i − 4 j + 3 k ) is [MP PET 1996]
(a) 90 o (b) 45 o
−1  1  −1  9 
(a) cos   (b) cos   (c) 30 o
(d) 15 o
 10   11 
71. A vector of length 3 perpendicular to each of the vectors
−1 9  −1 
1 3 i + j − 4 k and 6 i + 5 j − 2 k is
(c) cos   (d) cos  
 91  9 (a) 2 i − 2 j + k (b) − 2 i + 2 j + k
62. If the angle between two vectors i + k and i − j + ak is (c) 2 i + 2 j − k (d) None of these
π / 3, then the value of a = [MP PET 1997]
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) – 2 (d) 0

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 18 website: www.edunova.ac.in

72. If a ≠ 0 , b ≠ 0 and | a + b | =| a − b |, then the vectors a 82. If the vectors ai + b j + ck and p i + q j + rk are
and b are [Roorkee 1986; MNR 1988; IIT Screening perpendicular, then [RPET 1989]
1989; (a) (a + b + c) ( p + q + r) = 0 (b) (a + b + c) ( p + q + r) = 1
MP PET 1990, 97; RPET 1984, 90, 96, 99; KCET 1999]
(c) ap + bq + cr = 0 (d) ap + bq + cr = 1
(a) Parallel to each other
(b) Perpendicular to each other 83. If a = 2i + 4 j + 2 k and b = 8 i − 3 j + λk and a ⊥ b , then
value of λ will be [RPET 1995]
(c) Inclined at an angle of 60 o
(a) 2 (b) – 1
(d) Neither perpendicular nor parallel (c) – 2 (d) 1
73. The vector 2 i + a j + k is perpendicular to the vector 1
84. The vector (2 i − 2 j + k ) is [IIT Screening 1994]
2 i − j − k , if a = [MP PET 1987] 3
(a) 5 (b) – 5 (a) A unit vector
(c) – 3 (d) 3 π
(b) Makes an angle with the vector 2i − 4 j + 3 k
74. If a = 2 i + 2 j + 3 k, b = −i + 2 j + k and c = 3 i + j, then 3
1
a + t b is perpendicular to c if t = (c) Parallel to the vector − i + j − k
2
[MNR 1979; MP PET 2002]
(d) Perpendicular to the vector 3 i + 2 j − 2 k
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 8 85. If the vectors ai + 2 j + 3 k and −i + 5 j + ak are
perpendicular to each other, then a = [MP PET 1996]
75. The vector 2 i + j − k is perpendicular to i − 4 j + λk, if
(a) 6 (b) – 6
λ= [MNR 1983; MP PET 1988] (c) 5 (d) – 5
(a) 0 (b) – 1 86. Which of the following is a true statement
(c) – 2 (d) – 3 [Kurukshetra CEE 1996]
76. The vectors 2 i + 3 j − 4 k and a i + b j + c k are (a) (a × b ) × c is coplanar with c
perpendicular, when (b) (a × b ) × c is perpendicular to a
[MNR 1982; MP PET 1988; MP PET 2002] (c) (a × b ) × c is perpendicular to b
(a) a = 2, b = 3, c = −4 (b) a = 4 , b = 4 , c = 5 (d) (a × b ) × c is perpendicular to c
(c) a = 4 , b = 4 , c = − 5 (d) None of these 87. If a = i − 2 j and b = 2 i + λj are parallel, then λ is
[RPET 1996]
77. A unit vector in the xy − plane which is perpendicular to (a) 4 (b) 2
4 i − 3 j + k is [RPET 1991] (c) – 2 (d) – 4
i+j 1 88. If ai + 6 j − k and 7 i − 3 j + 17 k are perpendicular vectors,
(a) (b) (3 i + 4 j) then the value of a is [Karnataka CET 2001]
2 5
(a) 5 (b) – 5
1 1
(c) (3 i − 4 j) (d) None of these (c) 7 (d)
5 7
78. If l a + m b + n c = 0 , where l, m , n are scalars and a, b, c 89. If 4 i + j − k and 3 i + m j + 2 k are at right angle, then m =
are mutually perpendicular vectors, then [Karnataka CET 2002]
(a) l = m = n = 1 (b) l + m + n = 1 (a) – 6 (b) – 8
(c) – 10 (d) – 12
(c) l = m = n = 0 (d) l ≠ 0, m ≠ 0, n ≠ 0
90. If the vectors 3i + λ j + k and 2i − j + 8 k are
79. The unit normal vector to the line joining i − j and perpendicular, then λ is [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
2 i + 3 j and pointing towards the origin is (a) 14 (b) 7
4i−j −4 i + j (c) 14 (d) 1/7
(a) (b) 91. If a and b are two non-zero vectors, then the component
17 17 of b along a is [MP PET 1991]
2i −3 j −2i +3 j (a . b ) a (a . b ) b
(c) (d) (a) (b)
13 13 b .b a .a

80. If the vectors a i − 2 j + 3 k and 3 i + 6 j − 5 k are (a . b ) b (a . b ) a

(c) (d)
a .b a .a
perpendicular to each other, then a is given by [MP PET
1993] 92. A vector of magnitude 14 lies in the xy-plane and makes
(a) 9 (b) 16 an angle of 60 o with x-axis. The components of the
(c) 25 (d) 36 vector in the direction of x-axis and y-axis are
81. The value of λ for which the vectors 2λi + j − k and (a) 7, 7 3 (b) 7 3 , 7
2 j + k are perpendicular, is [MP PET 1992] (c) 14 3 , 14 / 3 (d) 14 / 3 , 14 3
(a) None (b) – 1
(c) 1 (d) Any value

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 19

Science Higher Secondary School

93. If a = 4 i + 6 j and b = 3 j + 4 k, then the component of a 101. The projection of the vector i + j + k along the vector j is
along b is [IIT Screening 1989; [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
MNR 1983, 87; UPSEAT 2000] (a) 1 (b) 0
18 18 (c) 2 (d) –1
(a) (3 j + 4 k ) (b) (3 j + 4 k ) 102. If the position vectors of A and B be 6 i + j − 3 k and
10 3 25
4 i − 3 j − 2 k, then the work done by the force
18
(c) (3 j + 4 k ) (d) (3 j + 4 k ) F = i − 3 j + 5 k in displacing a particle from A to B is
3
[MP PET 1987]
94. Let b = 3 j + 4 k, a = i + j and let b 1 and b 2 be
(a) 15 unit (b) 17 unit
component vectors of b parallel and perpendicular to a. If
(c) – 15 unit (d) None of these
3 3
b 1 = i + j , then b 2 = [MP PET 1989]
103. If the force F = i + 2 j + 3 k moves from i + j − k to
2 2
3 3 3 3 2i − j + k, then work done will be represented by
(a) i + j + 4k (b) − i + j + 4k [BIT Ranchi 1992]
2 2 2 2
(a) 3 (b) 4
3 3
(c) − i+ j (d) None of these (c) 5 (d) 6
2 2
104. The work done by the force F = 2 i − 3 j + 2 k in displacing
95. The component of i + j along j + k will be
a particle from the point (3, 4, 5) to the point
i+j j+k (1, 2, 3) is [MP PET 1994; Kurukshetra CEE 2002]
(a) (b)
2 2 (a) 2 unit (b) 3 unit
k+i (c) 4 unit (d) 5 unit
(c) (d) None of these
2 105. Force 3 i + 2 j + 5 k and 2i + j − 3 k are acting on a particle
96. The projection of vector 2 i + 3 j − 2 k on the vector and displace it from the point 2i − j − 3 k to the point
i + 2 j + 3 k will be 4 i − 3 j + 7 k, then work done by the force is [MP PET 1995]
[RPET 1984, 90, 97, 99; Karnataka CET 2004] (a) 30 unit (b) 36 unit
1 2 (c) 24 unit (d) 18 unit
(a) (b)
14 14 106. A particle acted on by two forces 3 i + 2 j − 3 k and
3 2i + 4 j + 2 k is displaced from the point i + 2 j + k to
(c) (d) 14 5 i + 4 j + 2 k. The total work done by the forces is equal to
14
(a) 63 unit (b) 39 unit
97. If vector a = 2 i − 3 j + 6 k and vector b = −2i + 2 j − k,
(c) 33 unit (d) 31 unit
Projection of vector a on vector b
then = 107. The work done in moving an object along the vector
Projection of vector b on vector a
3 i + 2 j − 5 k, if the applied force is F = 2 i − j − k , is
[MP PET 1994, 99; Pb. CET 2000]
[MP PET 1997, 2001]
3 7 (a) 7 (b) 8
(a) (b)
7 3 (c) 9 (d) 10
(c) 3 (d) 7 108. A force of magnitude 5 units acting along the vector
98. The projection of a along b is 2 j + k displaces the point of application from (1, 2, 3)
2i − 1995]
[RPET
a .b a ×b to (5, 3, 7 ) , then the work done is [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(a) (b)
| a| | a| (a) 50/7 (b) 50/3
a .b a ×b (c) 25/3 (d) 25/4
(c) (d)
| b| | b| 109. A particle acted on by constant forces 4 i + j − 3 k and
3 i + j − k is displaced from the point i + 2 j + 3 k to the
99. If a = 2 i + j + 2 k and b = 5 i − 3 j + k, then the projection
of b on a is [Karnataka CET 2002] point 5 i + 4 j + k . The total work done by the force is
(a) 3 (b) 4 [AIEEE 2003, 04]
(c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 20 unit (b) 30 unit
(c) 40 unit (d) 50 unit
100. The projection of the vector i − 2 j + k on the vector
110. If the scalar projection of the vectors x i − j + k on the
4 i − 4 j + 7 k is [RPET 1990; MNR 1980; MP PET
2002;
1
vector 2i − j + 5 k is then value of x is equal to [J & K 2005]
UPSEAT 2002; Pb. CET 2004] 30
5 6 19 −5
(a) (b) (a) (b) 6
10 9 2
(c) −6 (d) 3
9 6
(c) (d)
19 19

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 20 website: www.edunova.ac.in

111. If x + y + z = 0,| x | =| y | =| z | = 2 and θ is angle between 5. If a + b + c = 0 , then which relation is correct

2 2 [RPET 1985; Roorkee 1981; AIEEE 2002]
y and z , then the value of cosec θ + cot θ is equal to
(a) a = b = c = 0 (b) a . b = b . c = c . a
[J & K 2005]
(a) 4/3 (b) 5/3 (c) a × b = b × c = c × a (d) None of these
(c) 1/3 (d) 1 6. If θ be the angle between the vectors a and b and
112. The projection of the vector 2i + j − 3 k on the vector | a × b | = a . b , then θ =
[RPET 1990; MP PET 1990; UPSEAT 2003]
i − 2 j + k is..... [Karnataka CET 2005]
π
3 3 (a) π (b)
(a) − (b) 2
14 14 π
(c) (d) 0
3 3 4
(c) − (d)
2 2 7. (2a + 3 b ) × (5 a + 7 b ) = [MP PET 1988]

113. If | a | =| b | = 1 and | a + b | = 3 , then the value of (a) a × b (b) b × a

(c) a + b (d) 7 a + 10 b
(3 a − 4 b ).(2 a + 5 b ) is [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
8. If a and b are two vectors such that a . b = 0 and
(a) – 21 (b) –21/2 a × b = 0 , then
(c) 21 (d) 21/2 [IIT Screening 1989; MNR 1988; UPSEAT 2000, 01]
(e) 59/2 (a) a is parallel to b
114. A unit vector in the plane of i + 2 j + k and i + j + 2 k are (b) a is perpendicular to b
perpendicular to 2i + j + k is (c) Either
[Kerala a or
(Engg.) b is a null vector
2005]
(d) None of these
i+j
(a) j − k (b) 9. The components of a vector a along and perpendicular to
2 the non-zero vector b are respectively [IIT 1988]
j+k j−k a .b | a ×b| a .b | a ×b|
(c) (d) (a) , (b) ,
2 2 | a| | a| | b| | b|
(e) 5(j − k ) a .b a.b | a ×b| | a ×b|
(c) , (d) ,
115. If a , b and c are perpendicular to b + c , c + a and a + b | a| | a| | a| | b|
respectively and if | a + b | = 6,| b + c | = 8 and | c + a | = 10 10. | (a × b ) . c | =| a | | b | | c |, if
then | a + b + c | = [Kerala (Engg.) 2005] [MP PET 1994; BIT Ranchi 1990; IIT 1982; AMU 2002]
(a) a . b = b . c = 0 (b) b . c = c . a = 0
(a) 5 2 (b) 50
(c) c . a = a . b = 0 (d) a . b = b . c = c . a = 0
(c) 10 2 (d) 10 11. Which of the following is not a property of vectors
(e) 20 [MP PET 1987]
(a) u × v = v × u
Vector or Cross product of two vectors and its
(b) u . v = v . u
applications (c) (u × v )2 = u 2 . v 2 − (u . v )2
(d) u 2 =| u | 2
1. If a, b, c are any vectors, then the true statement is
[RPET 1988] 12. The number of vectors of unit length perpendicular to
vectors a = (1, 1, 0 ) and b = (0, 1, 1) is
(a) a × (b × c ) = (a × b ) × c (b) a × b = b × a
[BIT Ranchi 1991; IIT 1987; Kurukshetra CEE 1998;
(c) a . (b × c ) = a . b × a . c (d) a . (b − c ) = a . b − a . c DCE 2000; MP PET 2002]
2. If a and b are unit vectors such that a × b is also a unit (a) Three (b) One
vector, then the angle between a and b is (c) Two (d) Infinite
13. If a = (1, − 1, 1) and c = (−1, − 1, 0 ), then the vector b
π
(a) 0 (b) satisfying a × b = c and a . b = 1 is [MP PET 1989]
3
π (a) (1, 0, 0) (b) (0, 0, 1)
(c) (d) π (c) (0, –1, 0) (d) None of these
2
14. If a × b = b × c ≠ 0 , where a, b and c are coplanar vectors,
3. The points A (a ), B (b ), C (c ) will be collinear if then for some scalar k [Roorkee 1985; RPET
(a) a + b + c = 0 (b) a × b + b × c + c × a = 0 1997]
(a) a + c = k b (b) a + b = k c
(c) a . b + b . c + c . a = 0 (d) None of these
(c) b + c = k a (d) None of these
4. (a − b ) × (a + b ) = [MP PET 1987]
15. If a ≠ 0 , b ≠ 0 , c ≠ 0 , then true statement is [MP PET 1991]
(a) 2( a × b ) (b) a × b
(a) a × (b + c ) = (c + b ) × a (b) a . (b + c ) = −(b + c ) . a
2 2
(c) a − b (d) None of these (c) a × (b − c ) = (c − b ) × a (d) a . (b − c ) = (c − b ) . a

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 21

Science Higher Secondary School

16. Let a and b be two non-collinear unit vectors. If 25. The sine of the angle between the two vectors 3 i + 2 j − k
u = a − (a . b ) b and v = a × b , then | v | is [IIT 1999] and 12 i + 5 j − 5 k will be [Roorkee 1978]
(a) | u | (b) | u |+| u . a |
115 51
(c) | u |+| u . b | (d) | u |+ u . (a+b) (a) (b)
14 194 14 144
17. If a × b = b × c ≠ 0 and a + c ≠ 0, then [RPET 1999]
(a) (a + c ) ⊥ b (b) (a + c ) | | b 64
(c) (d) None of these
(c) a + c = b (d) None of these 14 194
18. A unit vector perpendicular to the plane determined by 26. For any two vectors a and b, if a × b = 0 , then
the points (1, – 1, 2), (2, 0, – 1) and (0, 2, 1) is [Roorkee 1984]
[IIT 1983; MNR 1984] (a) a = 0 (b) b = 0
1 1 (c) Not parallel (d) None of these
(a) ± (2 i + j + k) (b) (i + 2 j + k )
6 6 27. If a and b are two vectors, then (a × b ) 2 equals
1 1 [Roorkee 1975, 79, 81, 85]
(c) (i + j + k ) (d) (2 i − j − k ) a .b a .a a .a a .b
6 6 (a) (b)
b .b b.a b .a b .b
19. If a = 2 i + 3 j − 5 k, b = m i + n j + 12 k and a × b = 0, then
(m , n) = a .b
(c) (d) None of these
b .a
 24 36   24 36 
(a)  − ,  (b)  ,−  28. For any vectors a, b, c
 5 5   5 5 
a × (b + c ) + b × (c + a ) + c × (a + b ) =
 24 36   24 36  [Roorkee 1981; Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(c)  − ,−  (d)  , 
 5 5   5 5  (a) 0 (b) a + b + c
20. A unit vector which is perpendicular to i + 2 j − 2 k and (c) [a b c ] (d) a × b × c
−i + 2 j + 2 k is [MP PET 1992] 29. If a . b = a . c , a × b = a × c and a ≠ 0 , then [RPET 1990]
1 1 (a) b = 0 (b) b ≠ c
(a) (2 i − k ) (b) (−2 i + k ) (c) b = c (d) None of these
5 5
30. If | a | = 2, | b | = 5 and | a × b | = 8 , then a . b is equal to
1 1
(c) (2 i + j + k ) (d) (2 i + k ) [AI CBSE 1984; RPET 1991]
5 5 (a) 0 (b) 2
21. If A (−1, 2, 3), B (1, 1, 1) and C (2, − 1, 3) are points on a (c) 4 (d) 6
plane. A unit normal vector to the plane ABC is 31. If | a . b | = 3 and | a × b | = 4 , then the angle between a
[BIT Ranchi 1988] and b is
 2i + 2 j + k   2i − 2 j + k  3 3
(a) ±   (b) ±   (a) cos −1 (b) cos −1
  4 5
3  3 
4 π
 2i − 2 j − k   2i + 2 j + k  (c) cos −1 (d)
(c) ±   (d) −   5 4
 3   3  32. If a = 2 i + 2 j − k and b = 6 i − 3 j + 2 k , then the value of
22. The unit vector perpendicular to the vectors 6 i + 2 j + 3 k a × b is [MNR 1978; RPET
and 3 i − 6 j − 2 k , is [IIT 1989; RPET 1996] 2001]
2i − 3 j + 6 k 2i − 3 j − 6 k (a) 2i + 2 j − k (b) 6 i − 3 j + 2 k
(a) (b) (c) i − 10 j − 18 k (d) i + j + k
7 7
2i + 3 j − 6 k 2i + 3 j + 6 k 33. The scalars l and m such that la + m b = c , where a, b and
(c) (d) c are given vectors, are equal to
7 7
(c × b ) . (a × b ) (c × a ) . (b × a )
23. For any two vectors a and b, (a × b ) 2 is equal to (a) l = 2
,m=
(a × b ) (b × a ) 2
[Roorkee 1975, 79, 81, 85]
(c × b ) . (a × b ) (c × a ) . (b × a )
2
(a) a − b 2
(b) a 2 + b 2 (b) l = ,m=
(a × b ) (b × a )
(c) a 2 b 2 − (a . b )2 (d) None of these (c × b ) × (a × b ) (c × a ) × (b × a )
(c) l = ,m=
24. The unit vector perpendicular to 3 i + 2 j − k and (a × b ) 2 (b × a )
12 i + 5 j − 5 k , is [Roorkee 1979; RPET 1989, 91] (d) None of these
5i − 3 j + 9k 5i + 3 j − 9k 34. | a × i | 2 + | a × j| 2 + | a × k | 2 =
(a) (b)
115 115 [EAMCET 1988; MP PET 1994, 2004; RPET 2000;
Pb. CET 2001; Orissa JEE 2003; AIEEE 2005]
−5 i + 3 j − 9 k 5i + 3 j + 9k (a) | a | 2 (b) 2 | a | 2
(c) (d)
115 115
(c) 3 | a | 2 (d) 4 | a | 2

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 22 website: www.edunova.ac.in

35. A unit vector perpendicular to the plane determined by 45. A unit vector perpendicular to vector c and coplanar with
the points P (1, − 1, 2), Q (2, 0, − 1) and R (0, 2, 1) is [IIT 1994] vectors a and b is [MP PET 1999]
2i − j + k 2i + j + k a × (b × c ) b × (c × a )
(a) (b) (a) (b)
6 6 | a × (b × c )| | b × (c × a ) |
−2 i + j + k 2i + j − k c × (a × b )
(c) (d) (c) (d) None of these
6 6 | c × (a × b )|
36. A unit vector perpendicular to the vector 4 i − j + 3 k and 46. | a × b | 2 + (a . b ) 2 = [MP PET 1989, 97, 2004]
−2 i + j − 2 k is [MNR 1995]
(a) (a × a ) . (b × b ) (b) (a . a ) (b . b )
1 1
(a) (i − 2 j + 2 k ) (b) (−i + 2 j + 2 k ) (c) | (a × b )| (a . b ) (d) 2 (a . b ) (a . b )
3 3
1 1 47. If the position vectors of three points A, B and C are
(c) (2 i + j + 2 k ) (d) (2 i − 2 j + 2 k ) respectively i + j + k, 2i + 3j – 4k and 7i + 4j + 9k, then
3 3
the unit vector to the plane containing the triangle ABC
37. Given a = i + j − k, b = −i + 2 j + k and c = −i + 2 j − k . A
is
unit vector perpendicular to both a + b and b + c is [DCE 1999]
[Karnataka CET 1993]
31i − 38 j − 9 k
(a) i (b) j (a) 31i – 18j – 9k (b)
i + j+ k 2486
(c) k (d)
3 31 i + 18 j + 9 k
(c) (d) None of these
38. The vectors c , a = x i + y j + z k and b = j are such that 2486
a, c, b form a right handed system, then c is [DCE 1999] 48. If a, b, c are position vector of vertices of a triangle ABC ,
(a) zi − x k (b) 0 then unit vector perpendicular to its plane is [RPET 1999]
(c) y j (d) − z i + x k a ×b + b ×c + c ×a
(a) a × b + b × c + c × a (b)
39. If A, B, C, D are any four points in space, then | a ×b + b ×c + c ×a|
| AB × CD + BC × AD + CA × BD | is equal to a×b
(c) (d) None of these
(a) 2 ∆ (b) 4 ∆ | a ×b|
(c) 3 ∆ (d) 5 ∆ 49. If θ is the angle between the vectors a and b, then
(where ∆ denotes the area of ∆ABC ) | a × b|
40. If (a × b ) 2 + (a . b ) 2 = 144 and | a | = 4 , then | b | = equal to [Karnataka CET 1999]
| a .b|
[EAMCET 1994]
(a) tan θ (b) − tan θ
(a) 16 (b) 8
(c) 3 (d) 12 (c) cot θ (d) − cot θ
41. r × a = b × a ; r × b = a × b ; a ≠ 0 ; b ≠ 0; a ≠ λb , a is not 50. If the vectors a , b and c are represented by the sides
perpendicular to b, then r = [EAMCET
BC, CA 1993]
and AB respectively of the ∆ABC , then
(a) a − b (b) a + b [IIT Screening 2000]
(c) a × b + a (d) a × b + b (a) a . b + b . c + c . a = 0 (b) a × b = b × c = c × a
42. If i, j, k are unit orthonormal vectors and a is a vector, if
(c) a . b = b . c = c . a (d) a × b = b × c = c × a = 0
a × r = j, then a . r is [EAMCET 1990]
(a) 0 (b) 1 51. A vector perpendicular to both of the vectors i + j + k and
(c) – 1 (d) Arbitrary scalar i + j is [RPET 2000]
43. A unit vector perpendicular to each of the vector (a) i + j (b) i – j
2i − j + k and 3 i + 4 j − k is equal to [MP PET 2003]
(c) c(i − j) , c is a scalar (d) None of these
(−3 i + 5 j + 11 k ) (3 i − 5 j + 11 k )
(a) (b) 52. A unit vector perpendicular to the plane of
155 155 a = 2 i − 6 j − 3 k , b = 4 i + 3 j − k is
(6 i − 4 j − k ) (5 i + 3 j) 4i + 3j − k 2i − 6 j − 3 k
(c) (d) (a) (b)
53 34 26 7
44. If A = 3 i + j + 2 k and B = 2 i − 2 j + 4 k and θ is the angle 3i − 2 j + 6 k 2i − 3 j − 6 k
(c) (d)
between A and B, then the value of sin θ is 7 7
53. The unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors i – 2j +
2 2 3k and i + 2j – k is [DCE 2001]
(a) (b)
7 7
1
(a) (−i + j + k ) (b) (−i + j + k )
4 3 3
(c) (d)
7 7 (i + j − k )
(c) (d) None of these
3

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 23

Science Higher Secondary School

54. The unit vector perpendicular to the vectors i − j + k and 64. The area of a parallelogram whose two adjacent sides are
2 i + 3 j − k is [Karnataka CET 2001] represented by the vector 3 i − k and i + 2 j is [MNR
1981]
−2 i + 3 j + 5 k −2i + 5 j + 6 k
(a) (b) 1 1
30 38 (a) 17 (b) 14
2 2
−2i + 3 j + 5 k −2i + 4 j + 5 k
(c) (d) 1
38 38 (c) 41 (d) 7
2
55. If a = 2i − 3 j − k and b = i + 4 j − 2 k , then a × b is 65. The area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are
[MP PET 2001] a = 3 i + j − 2 k and b = i − 3 j + 4 k is
(a) 10i + 2j + 11k (b) 10i + 3j + 11k
[MP PET 1988, 93; MNR 1985]
(c) 10i – 3j + 11k (d) 10i – 3j – 10k
π (a) 10 3 (b) 5 3
56. If | a | = 4,| b | = 2 and the angle between a and b is ,
6 (c) 8 (d) 4
then (a × b )2 is equal to [AIEEE 2002] 66. The position vectors of the points A, B and C are
i + j, j + k and k + i respectively. The vector area of the
(a) 48 (b) 16
(c) 8 (d) None of these 1
∆ABC = ± α where α = [MP PET 1989]
57. If a = 2 i + 4 j − 5 k and b = i + 2 j + 3 k , then | a × b | is 2
[UPSEAT 2002] (a) −i + j + k (b) i − j + k
(a) 11 5 (b) 11 3 (c) i + j − k (d) i + j + k
(c) 11 7 (d) 11 2 67. If OA = 3 i + 2 j − k and OB = i + 3 j + k , then the area of
58. The unit vector perpendicular to both i + j and j + k is the triangle OAB is
[Kerala (Engg.) 2002] (a) 15 (b) 3 5
(a) i – j + k (b) i + j + k
i + j−k i − j+ k 3 5 5
(c) (d) (c) 10 (d)
3 3 2 3
68. Let a, b, c be the position vectors of the vertices of a
59. A unit vector in the plane of the vectors 2i + j + k,
triangle ABC. The vector area of triangle ABC is
i − j + k and orthogonal to 5 i + 2 j + 6 k is [MP PET 1990; EAMCET 2003]
[IIT Screening 2004] 1
6i − 5k 3j − k (a) a × b + b × c + c × a (b) (a × b + b × c + c × a )
(a) (b) 4
61 10 1
(c) (a × b + b × c + c × a ) (d) b × a + c × b + a × c
2i − 5 j 2i + j − 2 k 2
(c) (d)
29 3 69. If | a | = 2, | b | = 3 and a, b are mutually perpendicular,
60. Let a, b, c be three vectors such that a ≠ 0, and then the area of the triangle whose vertices are
a × b = 2a × c , | a | =| c | = 1,| b | = 4 and | b × c | = 15 . If 0 , a + b , a − b is
b − 2 c = λa , then λ equals to [Orissa JEE 2004] (a) 5 (b) 1
(a) 1 (b) ± 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
70. If i + 2 j + 3 k and 3 i − 2 j + k represents the adjacent
(c) 3 (d) – 2
sides of a parallelogram, then the area of this
61. The area of a triangle whose vertices are A (1, − 1, 2), parallelogram is
B (2, 1, − 1) and C (3, − 1, 2) is [MNR 1983; IIT 1983] [Roorkee 1978, 79; MP PET 1990; RPET 1988, 89, 91]

(a) 13 (b) 13 (a) 4 3 (b) 6 3

(c) 6 (d) 6 (c) 8 3 (d) 16 3

62. If vertices of a triangle are A(1, − 1, 2), B(2, 0, − 1) and 71. If 3 i + 4 j and −5 i + 7 j are the vector sides of any
C(0, 2, 1), then the area of a triangle is [RPET 2000]
triangle, then its area is given by [RPET
(a) 41 (b) 47
(a) 6 (b) 2 6 41 47
(c) (d)
(c) 3 6 (d) 4 6 2 2
63. The area of triangle whose vertices are (1, 2, 3), (2, 5, − 1) 72. If the vectors i − 3 j + 2 k , −i + 2 j represents the
and (−1, 1, 2) is [Kerala (Engg.) 2002] diagonals of a parallelogram, then its area will be [Roorkee 1976]
(a) 150 sq. unit (b) 145 sq. unit 21
(a) 21 (b)
2
155 155
(c) sq. unit (d) sq. unit
2 2 21
(c) 2 21 (d)
4

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 24 website: www.edunova.ac.in

73. The area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are the 82. Three forces i + 2 j − 3 k, 2 i + 3 j + 4 k and i − j + k are
vectors 2a − b and 4 a − 5 b , where a and b are the unit acting on a particle at the point (0, 1, 2). The magnitude of
vectors forming an angle of 45 o , is the moment of the forces about the point (1, − 2, 0) is
3 [MNR 1983]
(a) 3 2 (b)
2 (a) 2 35 (b) 6 10
(c) 2 (d) None of these (c) 4 17 (d) None of these
74. The area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are 83. Let the points A, B and P be (– 2, 2, 4), (2, 6, 3) and (1,2,1)
i − 2 j + 3 k and 2i + j − 4 k, is [MP PET 1996, 2000] respectively. The magnitude of the moment of the force
represented by AB and acting at A about P is
(a) 5 3 (b) 10 3
[MP PET 1987]
(c) 5 6 (d) 10 6
(a) 15 (b) 3 41
75. If the diagonals of a parallelogram are represented by the
vectors 3 i + j − 2 k and i + 3 j − 4 k, then its area in square (c) 3 57 (d) None of these
unit is [MP PET 1998] 84. The moment of a force represented by F = i + 2 j + 3 k
(a) 5 3 (b) 6 3 about the point 2 i − j + k = [BIT Ranchi 1992]

(c) 26 (d) 42 (a) 5 i − 5 j + 5 k (b) 5 i + 5 j − 5 k

76. The area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are (c) −5 i + 5 j + 5 k (d) −5 i − 5 j + 5 k
given by the vectors i + 2 j + 3 k and −3 i − 2 j + k (in
85. A force of magnitude 6 acts along the vector (9, 6, − 2) and
square unit) is [Karnataka
CET 2001; Pb. CET 2004] passes through a point A (4, – 1, –7). The moment of the
force about the point O (1, – 3, 2) is
(a) 180 (b) 140 150 6
(a) (2i − 3 j) (b) (50 i − 75 j + 36 k )
(c) 80 (d) 40 11 11
77. If a = i + j + k, b = i + 3 j + 5 k and c = 7 i + 9 j + 11 k , then (c) 150 (2i − 3 j) (d) 6 (50 i − 75 j + 36 k )
the area of the parallelogram having diagonals a + b and 86. A force F = 2 i + j − k acts at a point A, whose position
b + c is [Kurukshetra CEE vector is 2 i − j . The moment of F about the origin is
2002]
[Karnataka CET 2000]
1 (a) i + 2 j − 4 k (b) i − 2 j − 4 k
(a) 4 6 (b) 21
2
(c) i + 2 j + 4 k (d) i − 2 j + 4 k
6 87. If a = i − j, b = i + j, c = i + 3 j + 5 k and n is a unit vector
(c) (d) 6
2 such that b .n = 0 , a .n = 0 then the value of | c . n | is equal
78. The area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are to [DCE 2005]
3 1 (a) 1 (b) 3
i + j − k and 2i − 6 j + 8 k is [UPSEAT 2002]
2 2 (c) 5 (d) 2
88. A unit vector perpendicular to the plane containing the
(a) 5 3 (b) 5 2 vectors i − j + k and −i + j + k is [Karnataka CET
(c) 25 3 (d) 25 2 2005]
i−j i+k
79. The area of the triangle having vertices as i − 2 j + 3 k, (a) (b)
2 2
− 2 i + 3 j + k , 4 i − 7 j + 7 k is [MP PET 2004]
j−k i+j
(a) 26 (b) 11 (c) (d)
2 2
(c) 36 (d) 0
80. The area of the parallelogram whose adjacent sides are Scalar triple product and their applications
i − k and 2 j + 3 k is [UPSEAT 2004]
1. If a, b, c are three non-coplanar vector, then
(a) 2 (b) 4
a .b × c b .a × c
+ = [IIT 1985, 86; UPSEAT
(c) 17 (d) 2 13 c × a .b c .a × b
81. The moment of the force F acting at a point P, about the 2003]
point C is [MP PET 1987]
(a) 0 (b) 2
(c) – 2 (d) None of these
(a) F × CP 2. If a, b, c be any three non-coplanar vectors, then
[a + b b + c c + a ] = [RPET 1988; MP PET 1990, 02;
(b) CP . F
Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(c) A vector having the same direction as F (a) | a b c | (b) 2 [a b c ]
(d) CP × F (c) [ a b c ] 2
(d) 2 [ a b c ] 2

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 25

Science Higher Secondary School

3. If the vectors 2i − 3 j, i + j − k and 3 i − k form three 13. If a = i − j + k, b = i + 2 j − k and c = 3 i + p j + 5 k are

concurrent edges of a parallelopiped, then the volume of coplanar then the value of p will be [RPET 1985, 86, 88, 91]
the parallelopiped is [IIT 1983; RPET 1995; DCE 2001; (a) – 6 (b) – 2
IV. Kurukshetra CEE 1998; MP PET 2001] (c) 2 (d) 6
(a) 8 (b) 10 14. If i, j, k are the unit vectors and mutually perpendicular,
(c) 4 (d) 14
4. If a, b, c are any three coplanar unit vectors, then then [i k j] is equal to [RPET 1986]
(a) a . (b × c ) = 1 (b) a . (b × c ) = 3 (a) 0 (b) – 1
(c) (a × b ) . c = 0 (d) (c × a ) . b = 1 (c) 1 (d) None of these
5. If a and b be parallel vectors, then [a c b] = 15. If three vectors a = 12 i + 4 j + 3 k, b = 8 i − 12 j − 9 k and
(a) 0 (b) 1 c = 33 i − 4 j − 24 k represents a cube, then its volume will
(c) 2 (d) None of these be [Roorkee 1988]
6. If the vectors 2i − j + k, i + 2 j − 3 k and 3 i + λj + 5 k be (a) 616 (b) 308
coplanar, then λ = (c) 154 (d) None of these
[Roorkee 1986; RPET 1999, 02; Kurukshetra CEE 2002] 16. If a = 2 i + j − k, b = i + 2 j + k and c = i − j + 2 k, then
(a) – 1 (b) – 2 a . (b × c ) = [RPET 1989, 2001]
(c) – 3 (d) – 4
7. If a, b, c are the three non-coplanar vectors and p, q, r (a) 6 (b) 10
are defined by the relations (c) 12 (d) 24
b×c c ×a a×b 17. Three concurrent edges OA, OB, OC of a parallelopiped
p= ,q= , r= then (a+b) . p +(b+c) .
[a b c ] [a b c ] [a b c ] are represented by three vectors 2i + j − k, i + 2 j + 3 k and
q +(c+a) . r = −3 i − j + k , the volume of the solid so formed in cubic
[IIT 1988; BIT Mesra 1996; AMU 2002] unit is [Kuruk
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) 5 (b) 6
(c) 2 (d) 3
(c) 7 (d) 8
8. If the points whose position, vectors are 3 i − 2 j − k,
18. If x . a = 0, x . b = 0 and x . c = 0 for some non-zero vector
2 i + 3 j − 4 k , −i + j + 2 k and 4 i + 5 j + λk lie on a plane,
x, then the ture statement is [IIT 1983; Karnataka CET
then λ = [IIT 1986; Pb. CET 2003] 2002]
146 146 (a) [a b c ] = 0 (b) [a b c ] ≠ 0
(a) − (b)
17 17
(c) [a b c ] = 1 (d) None of these
17 17
(c) − (d)
146 146 19. If the given vectors (−bc , b 2 + bc , c 2 + bc ),
b ×c c ×a a ×b (a 2 + ac, − ac, c 2 + ac) and (a 2 + ab, b 2 + ab, − ab) are
9. If p = , q= , r= , where a, b, c are
[a b c ] [a b c ] [a b c ] coplanar, where none of a, b and c is zero, then
three non-coplanar vectors, then the value of (a) a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1
(a + b + c ) . (p + q + r) is given by
(b) bc + ca + ab = 0
[MNR 1992; UPSEAT 2000]
(c) a + b + c = 0
(a) 3 (b) 2
(c) 1 (d) 0 (d) a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = bc + ca + ab
10. The volume of the parallelopiped whose edges are 20. If a,b,c are three coplanar vectors, then
represented by −12 i + αk, 3 j − k and 2i + j − 15 k is 546. [a + b b + c c + a ] = [MP PET 1995]
Then α = [IIT Screening 1989; MNR 1987] (a) [a b c] (b) 2 [a b c]
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 3 [a b c] (d) 0
(c) – 3 (d) – 2 21. [a b a × b ] is equal to
11. Let a, b, c be distinct non-negative numbers. If the vectors
ai + aj + ck, i + k and ci + cj + b k lie in a plane, then c is (a) | a × b | (b) | a × b | 2
[IIT 1993; AIEEE 2005] (c) 0 (d) None of these
(a) The arithmetic mean of a and b 22. If a . i = 4 , then (a × j) . (2 j − 3 k ) = [EAMC
(b) The geometric mean of a and b
(c) The harmonic mean of a and b (a) 12 (b) 2
(d) Equal to zero (c) 0 (d) – 12
12. If a, b, c are any three vectors and their inverse are 23. If the vectors 2i − 3 j + 4 k, i + 2 j − k and x i − j + 2 k are
a −1 , b −1 , c −1 and [a b c ] ≠ 0, then [a −1 b −1 c −1 ] will be coplanar, then x = [EAMCET 1994]
[Roorkee 1989] 8 5
(a) (b)
(a) Zero (b) One 5 8
(c) Non-zero (d) [a b c] (c) 0 (d) 1

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 26 website: www.edunova.ac.in

24. Volume of the parallelopiped whose coterminous edges 35. What will be the volume of that parallelopiped whose sides
are 2i − 3 j + 4 k, i + 2 j − 2 k, 3 i − j + k, is [EAMCET 1993] are a = i – j + k, b = i – 3j + 4k and c = 2i – 5j + 3k
(a) 5 cubic unit (b) 6 cubic unit [UPSEAT 1999]

(c) 7 cubic unit (d) 8 cubic unit (a) 5 unit (b) 6 unit
25. If a = 3 i − j + 2 k, b = 2i + j − k, then a × (a . b ) = (c) 7 unit (d) 8 unit

[Karnataka CET 1994]

36. Given vectors a, b, c such that a .(b × c ) = λ ≠ 0, the
value of (b × c ) . (a + b + c )/λ is [AMU 1
(a) 3a (b) 3 14
(c) 0 (d) None of these (a) 3 (b) 1
26. i . (j × k ) + j . (k × i ) + k . (i × j) = [Karnataka CET 1994] (c) −3 λ (d) 3 / λ

(a) 1 (b) 3 37. If a, b and c are unit coplanar vectors then the scalar
(c) – 3 (d) 0 triple product [2 a − b 2 b − c 2 c − a ] is equal to
27. If a = i − 2 j + 3 k and b = 3 i + j + 2 k, then the unit vector [IIT Screening 2000; Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
perpendicular to a and b is [MP PET 1996] (a) 0 (b) 1
i + j+k i − j+k (c) − 3 (d) 3
(a) (b)
3 3
38. If the vectors i + 3 j − 2 k , 2i − j + 4 k and 3 i + 2 j + x k are
−i + j + k i − j−k coplanar, then the value of x is [Karnataka CET 2000]
(c) (d)
3 3 (a) – 2 (b) 2
28. If a = −3 i + 7 j + 5 k, b = −3 i + 7 j − 3 k , c = 7 i − 5 j − 3 k (c) 1 (d) 3
are the three coterminous edges of a parallelopiped, then 39. The value of [a – b b – c c – a], where | a | = 1 , | b | = 5
its volume is [MP PET 1996]
and | c | = 3 is [RPET 2000]
(a) 108 (b) 210
(c) 272 (d) 308 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4
29. a . (a × b ) = [MP PET 1996]
40. a = i + j + k, b = 2i − 4 k, c = i + λ j + 3 k are coplanar, then
(a) b . b (b) a 2 b
the value of λ is [MP PET 2000]
(c) 0 (d) a 2 + ab (a) 5/2 (b) 3/5
30. If three conterminous edges of a parallelopiped are (c) 7/3 (d) None of these
represented by a − b , b − c and c − a , then its volume is
41. Let A = i + j + k , B = i, C = C1 i + C 2 j + C 3 k . If C 2 = −1 ,
[MP PET 1999; Pb. CET 2003]
(a) [a b c] (b) 2 [a b c] and C 3 = 1 , then to make three vectors coplanar [AMU 2000]

(c) [a b c ] 2
(d) 0 (a) C1 = 0
31. For three vectors u, v, w which of the following (b) C1 = 1
expressions is not equal to any of the remaining three [IIT 1998]
(c) C1 = 2
(a) u . (v × w ) (b) (v × w ) . u
(d) No value of C 1 can be found
(c) v . (u × w ) (d) (u × v ) . w
42. Let a = i − k, b = x i + j + (1 − x ) k , c = y i + x j + (1 + x − y )k .
32. Which of the following expressions are meaningful
[IIT 1998; RPET 2001]
Then [a b c ] depends on
(a) u . (v × w ) (b) (u . v ) . w [IIT Screening 2001; AIEEE 2005]
(a) Only x (b) Only y
(c) (u . v ) w (d) u × (v . w )
(c) Neither x nor y (d) Both x and y
33. If a, b, c are non-coplanar vectors and d = λ a + µ b + ν c ,
43. If a = 3 i − 2 j + 2 k, b = 6 i + 4 j − 2 k and c = 3 i − 2 j − 4 k ,
then λ is equal to [Roorkee 1999]
then a . (b × c ) is [Karnataka CET 2001]
[d b c ] [b c d ]
(a) (b) (a) 122 (b) – 144
[b a c ] [b c a ]
(c) 120 (d) – 120
[b d c ] [c b d ] 44. (a + b ) . (b + c ) × (a + b + c ) = [EAMCET 2002]
(c) (d)
[a b c ] [a b c ]
r r r (a) – [a b c] (b) [a b c]
34. If vectors A = 2i + 3 j + 4 k , B = i + j + 5 k , and C form a (c) 0 (d) 2[a b c]
r
left handed system, then C is a.(b × c)
45.[Roorkee is equal to
1999] [RPET 2001]
(a) 11i – 6j – k (b) – 11i + 6j + k (a) b.(a × c) (b) c.(b × a)
(c) 11i – 6j + k (d) – 11i + 6j – k (c) b.(c × a) (d) None of these

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 27

Science Higher Secondary School

46. If a, b, c are vectors such that [a b c ] = 4 , then 58. Out of the following which one is not true[Orissa JEE 2004]
[a × b b × c c × a ] = [AIEEE 2002] (a) a . (b × c ) (b) (b × c ) . a
(a) 16 (b) 64 (c) (a × b ) . c (d) (a .c ) × b
(c) 4 (d) 8 59. If a is perpendicular to b and c ,| a | = 2,| b | = 3 , | c | = 4
47. The volume of the parallelopiped whose conterminous
edges are i − j + k, 2i − 4 j + 5 k and 3 i − 5 j + 2 k is 2π
and the angle between b and c is , then [a b c ] is
3
[Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
equal to [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
(a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 2 (d) 8 (a) 4 3 (b) 6 3
48. [i k j] + [k j i ] + [j k i ] [UPSEAT 2002] (c) 12 3 (d) 18 3
(a) 1 (b) 3
(e) 8 3
(c) – 3 (d) – 1
49. If u, v and w are three non-coplanar vectors, then 60. If a , b , c are non-coplanar vectors and λ is a real
(u + v − w ) . [(u − v) × (v − w )] equals number then [λ (a + b ) λ2 b λc ] = [a b + c b ] for [AIEEE 2005]
[AIEEE 2003; DCE 2005]
(a) Exactly three values of λ
(a) 0 (b) u . (v × w )
(b) Exactly two values of λ
(c) u . ( w × v ) (d) 3 u . (v × w )
(c) Exactly one value of λ
50. a . [(b + c ) × (a + b + c )] is equal to (d) No value of λ
[IIT 1981; UPSEAT 2003; RPET 1988, 2002; MP PET 2004] 61. If the vectors 2i + j − k, − i + 2 j + λk and −5 i + 2 j − k are
(a) [a b c] (b) 2[a b c]
coplanar, then the value of λ is equal [J & K 2005]
(c) 3[a b c] (d) 0
51. If the vectors 4 i + 11 j + m k, 7 i + 2 j + 6 k and i + 5 j + 4 k (a) – 13 (b) 13/9
(c) – 13/9 (d) – 9/13
are coplanar, then m is [Karnataka CET 2003]
62. If a,b,c are three non-zero, non-coplanar vectors and
(a) 38 (b) 0
b .a b .a c .a c .b
(c) 10 (d) – 10 b1 = b − 2
a, b 2 = b + a , c1 = c − a− b,
52. Vector coplanar with vectors i + j and j + k and parallel to | a| | a|2 | a|2 | b|2
the vector 2i – 2j – 4k, is [Roorkee 2000] c .a c .b 1 c .a c .b 2
c2 = c − a– b1 , c3 = c − a– b2 ,
(a) i – k (b) i – j – 2k | a|2 | b1 | 2 | a|2 | b2 | 2
(c) i + j – k (d) 3i + 3j – 6k
c .a
53. The value of λ for which the four points 2i + 3 j − k, c4 = a − a . Then which of the following is a set of
| a|2
i + 2 j + 3 k , 3 i + 4 j − 2 k, i − λj + 6 k are coplanar
mutually orthogonal vectors is [IIT Screening 2005]
[MP PET 2004]
(a) {a , b 1 , c 1 } (b) {a , b 1 , c 2 }
(a) 8 (b) 0
(c) – 2 (d) 6 (c) {a , b 2 , c 3 } (d) {a , b 2 , c 4 }
54. If a , b , c are non-coplanar vectors and λ is a real 63. If a vector α lie in the plane β and γ then which is correct
number, then the vectors a + 2b + 3 c , λ b + 4 c and [Orissa JEE 2005]
(2λ − 1)c are non-coplanar for (a) [2004]
[AIEEE α β γ] = 0 (b) [α β γ ] = 1
(a) No value of λ (b) All except one value of λ (c) [α β γ] = 3 (d) [β γ α] = 1
(c) All except two values of λ (d) All values of λ
Vector triple product
55. Let a, b and c be three vectors. Then scalar triple
product [a b c ] is equal to [UPSEAT 2004]
1. a × (b × c ) is coplanar with
(a) [ b a c ] (b) [ a c b ]
(a) b and c (b) c and a
(c) [ c b a ] (d) [ b c a ]
(c) a and b (d) a, b and c
56. If a . b = b . c = c . a = 0 then the value of [a b c] is equal 2. If u = i × (a × i ) + j × (a × j) + k × (a × k ), then
to [Pb. CET 2000]
[RPET 1989, 97; MNR 1986, 93; MP PET 1987, 98, 99,
(a) 1 (b) – 1
2004; UPSEAT 2000, 02; Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
(c) | a || b || c | (d) 0
(a) u = 0 (b) u = i + j + k
57. If a = i + j − k, b = 2i + 3 j + k and c = i + αj are coplanar
(c) u = 2a (d) u = a
vectors, the value of α is [UPSEAT 2004]
3. If a = i + 2 j − 2 k, b = 2 i − j + k and c = i + 3 j − k, then
4 3
(a) − (b) a × (b × c ) is equal to [RPET 1989]
3 4
(a) 20 i − 3 j + 7 k (b) 20 i − 3 j − 7 k
4
(c) (d) 2
3 (c) 20 i + 3 j − 7 k (d) None of these

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 28 website: www.edunova.ac.in

4. If α = 2 i + 3 j − k , β = −i + 2 j − 4 k and γ = i + j + k, then 16. If A = i − 2 j − 3 k, B = 2i + j − k, C = i + 3 j − 2 k , then

(α × β ).(α × γ ) is equal to
( A × B) × C is [MP PET 2001]
[MNR 1984; UPSEAT 2000; Orissa JEE 2005]
(a) 60 (b) 64 (a) 5(− i + 3 j + 4 k ) (b) 4 (− i + 3 j + 4 k )
(c) 74 (d) – 74 (c) 5(− i − 3 j − 4 k ) (d) 4 (i + 3 j + 4 k )
5. If a × (b × c ) = 0 , then [RPET 1995] 17. a × (b × c ) + b × (c × a ) + c × (a × b ) = [RPET 2003]
(a) | a | =| b | .| c | = 1 (b) b || c (a) 0 (b) 2[a b c]
(c) a || b (d) b ⊥ c (c) a + b + c (d) 3[a b c]
6. a × (b × c ) is equal to 18. Let a, b, c be three vectors from a × (b × c ) = (a × b ) × c , if
[RPET 1995; Kurukshetra CEE 1998; MP PET 2003] [Orissa JEE 2003]
(a) (a . c ) b − (a . a ) b (b) (a . c ) a − (b . c ) a (a) b × (a × c ) = 0 (b) a (b × c ) = 0
(c) c × a = a × b (d) c × b = b × a
(c) (a . c ) b − (a . b ) c (d) (a . b ) c − (a . c ) b
19. If a = i + j + k , b = i + j, c = i and (a × b ) × c = λ a + µ b ,
7. If a × b = c , b × c = a and a, b, c be moduli of the vectors
then λ + µ = [EAMCET 2003]
a, b, c respectively, then
(a) 0 (b) 1
(a) a = 1, b = c (b) c = 1, a = 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
(c) b = 2, c = 2a (d) b = 1, c = a 20. If the vectors a and b are mutually perpendicular, then
8. If a = 3 i − j + 2 k, b = 2 i + j − k and c = i − 2 j + 2 k, then a × {a × {a × (a × b )}} is equal to
(a × b ) × c is equal to (a) | a | 2 b (b) | a | 3 b
(a) 24 i + 7 j − 5 k (b) 7 i − 24 j + 5 k (c) | a | 4 b (d) None of these
(c) 12 i + 3 j − 5 k (d) i + j − 7 k 21. If a, b, c, d are coplanar vectors, then (a × b ) × (c × d ) =
9. i × (j × k ) = [RPET 1988; MP PET [MP PET 1998]
1997]
(a) | a × c | 2 (b) | a × d | 2
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) – 1 (d) None of these (c) | b × c | 2 (d) 0
b 22. a × [a × (a × b )] is equal to [AMU 2001]
10. If three unit vectors a, b, c are such that a × (b × c ) = ,
2 (a) (a × a ) . (b × a ) (b) a . (b × a ) − b . (a × b )
then the vector a makes with b and c respectively the
angles (c) [a . (a × b )] a (d) (a . a )(b × a )
[MP PET 1998] 23. Given the following simultaneous equations for vectors
(a) 40 o , 80 o (b) 45 o , 45 o x and y
x+y=a .....(i)
(c) 30 o , 60 o (d) 90 o , 60 o x×y = b .....(ii)
11. Let a = 2 i + j − 2 k and b = i + j. If c is a vector such that x .a = 1 .....(iii)
a . c =| c |, | c − a | = 2 2 and the angle between (a × b ) Then x = ........., y = ....... [Roorkee 1994]
and c is 30 o , then | (a × b ) × c | = [IIT 1999] (a) a , a − x (b) a − b , b
2 3 (c) b , a − b (d) None of these
(a) (b)
3 2 24. (b × c ) × (c × a ) = [MP PET 1997]
(c) 2 (d) 3 (a) [b c a] a (b) [c a b] b
12. i × (j × k) + j × (k × i) + k × (i × j) equals [RPET 1999] (c) [a b c] c (d) [a c b] b
(a) i (b) j Application of vectors in three dimensional geometry
(c) k (d) 0
13. [b × c c × a a × b ] is equal to [MP PET 2004]
(a) a × (b × c ) (b) 2 [a b c ]
(c) [a b c ]2 (d) [a b c ] 1. The locus of a point equidistant from two given points a
and b is given by
14. Given three unit vector a, b, c such that a ⊥ b and
1
a || c , then a × (b × c ) is [AMU 1999] (a) [r − (a + b )]. (a − b ) = 0
2
(a) a (b) b 1
(c) c (d) 0 (b) [r − (a − b )] . (a + b ) = 0
2
15. If a = i + j − k, b = i − j + k, c = i − j − k , then a × (b × c ) is 1
(c) [r − (a + b )].(a + b ) = 0
[MP PET 2000] 2
(a) i – j + k (b) 2i – 2j 1
(c) 3i – j + k (d) 2i + 2j – k (d) [r − (a − b )]. (a − b ) = 0
2

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 29

Science Higher Secondary School

2. If the non-zero vectors a and b are perpendicular to each 11. A vector n of magnitude 8 units is inclined to x-axis at
other, then the solution of the equation r × a = b is given 45 o , y-axis at 60 o and an acute angle with z-axis. If a
by
plane passes through a point ( 2 , − 1, 1) and is normal to
1 1
(a) r = x a + (a × b ) (b) r = x b − (a × b ) n , then its equation in vector form is
a. a b. b
(a) r.( 2 i + j + k) = 4 (b) r.( 2 i + j + k ) = 2
(c) r = x a × b (d) r = x b × a
3. If r be position vector of any point on a sphere and a, b (c) r.(i + j + k ) = 4 (d) None of these
are respectively position vectors of the extremities of a 12. The vector equation of a plane, which is at a distance of 8
diameter, then [MP PET 1994] unit from the origin and which is normal to the vector
(a) r . (a − b ) = 0 (b) r . (r − a ) = 0 2i + j + 2 k, is
(c) (r + a ) . (r + b ) = 0 (d) (r − a ). (r − b ) = 0 (a) r.( 2i + j + k ) = 24 (b) r.( 2i + j + 2 k ) = 24
4. Angle between the line r = (i + 2 j − k ) + λ(i − j + k ) and the (c) r.(i + j + k ) = 24 (d) None of these
normal to the plane r . (2 i − j + k ) = 4 is [MP PET 1997] 13. The distance of the point 2i + j − k from the plane
2 2  2 2  r.(i − 2 j + 4 k ) = 9 is
(a) sin −1   (b) cos −1   13 3
 3   3  (a) (b)
   
21 21
2 2  2 2 
(c) tan  −1  (d) cot −1   (c)
13
(d)
13
 3   3 
    21 3 21
5. If the equation of a line through a point a and parallel to 14. The centre of the circle given by r.(i + 2 j + 2 k ) = 15 and
vector b is r = a + t b , where t is a parameter, then its | r − (j + 2 k ) | = 4 is
perpendicular distance from the point c is [MP PET 1998] (a) (0, 1, 2) (b) (1, 3, 4)
(a) | (c − b ) × a | ÷ | a | (b) | (c − a ) × b | ÷ | b | (c) (–1, 3, 4) (d) None of these
(c) | (a − b ) × c | ÷ | c | (d) | (a − b ) × c | ÷ | a + c | 15. A vector r is equally inclined with the co-ordinate axes. If
6. If a = i + j and b = 2 i − k are two vectors, then the point the tip of r is in the positive octant and |r| = 6, then r is
of intersection of two lines r × a = b × a and r × b = a × b (a) 2 3 (i − j + k ) (b) 2 3 (−i + j + k )
is
(c) 2 3 (i + j − k ) (d) 2 3 (i + j + k )
[RPET 2000]
(a) i + j – k (b) i – j + k 16. The position vectors of two points P and Q are 3 i + j + 2 k
(c) 3i + j – k (d) 3i – j + k and i − 2 j − 4 k respectively. The equation of the plane
7. If a, b, c are three non-coplanar vectors, then the vector through Q and perpendicular to PQ is
equation r = (1 − p − q ) a + p b + q c represents a (a) r.( 2i + 3 j + 6 k ) = 28 (b) r.( 2i + 3 j + 6 k ) = 32
[EAMCET 2003]
(c) r.( 2 i + 3 j + 6 k ) + 28 = 0 (d) None of these
(a) Straight line
(b) Plane 17. The vector equation of the plane passing through the
(c) Plane passing through the origin origin and the line of intersection of the plane r.a = λ
(d) Sphere and r.b = µ is
8. The vector equation of the line joining the points (a) r.(λa − µb ) = 0 (b) r. (λb − µa ) = 0
i − 2 j + k and −2 j + 3 k is [MP PET 2003]
(c) r.(λa + µb ) = 0 (d) r.(λb + µa ) = 0
(a) r = t(i + j + k )
18. The position vectors of points A and B are i − j + 3 k and
(b) r = t1 (i − 2 j + k ) + t 2 (3 k − 2 j)
3 i + 3 j + 3 k respectively. The equation of a plane is
(c) r = (i − 2 j + k ) + t(2 k − i ) r.(5 i + 2 j − 7 k ) + 9 = 0 . The points A and B
(d) r = t(2 k − i ) (a) Lie on the plane
9. The spheres r 2 + 2 u 1 . r + 2d1 = 0 and (b) Are on the same side of the plane
(c) Are on the opposite side of the plane
r 2 + 2 u 2 . r + 2d 2 = 0 cut orthogonally, if [AMU 1999]
(d) None of these
(a) u 1 . u 2 = 0
19. The vector equation of the plane through the point 2i − j − 4 k
(b) u 1 + u 2 = 0 and parallel to the plane r.(4 i − 12 j − 3 k ) − 7 = 0 is
(c) u 1 . u 2 = d 1 + d 2 (a) r.(4 i − 12 j − 3 k ) = 0 (b) r.(4 i − 12 j − 3 k ) = 32
(d) (u 1 − u 2 ). (u 1 + u 2 ) = d12 + d 22 (c) r.(4 i − 12 j − 3 k) = 12 (d) None of these
10. A tetrahedron has vertices at O(0, 0, 0) , A(1, 2, 1), B(2, 1, 3) 20. The vector equation of the plane through the point (2, 1, –
and C(−1, 1, 2) . Then the angle between the faces 1) and passing through the line of intersection of the plane
r.(i + 3 j − k ) = 0 and r.( j + 2 k ) = 0 is
OAB and ABC will be [MNR 1994; UPSEAT 2000;
AIEEE 2003] (a) r.(i + 9 j + 11 k ) = 0 (b) r.(i + 9 j + 11 k ) = 6
 19   17  (c) r.(i − 3 j − 13 k ) = 0 (d) None of these
(a) cos −1   (b) cos −1  
 35   31 
(c) 30 ° (d) 90 °

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 30 website: www.edunova.ac.in

21. The vector equation of the plane through the point 31. The distance from the point −i + 2 j + 6 k to the straight
i + 2 j − k and perpendicular to the line of intersection of line through the point (2, 3, –4) and parallel to the vector
the planes r.(3 i − j + k ) = 1 and i + 4 j − 2 k = 2 is 6 i + 3 j − 4 k is
(a) r.( 2i + 7 j − 13 k ) = 1 (b) r.( 2i − 7 j − 13 k ) = 1 (a) 7 (b) 10
(c) r.( 2i + 7 j + 13 k ) = 0 (d) None of these (c) 9 (d) None of these
22. The equation of the plane containing the lines 32. The position vector of the point in which the line joining
r = a 1 + λa 2 and r = a 2 + λa 1 is the points i − 2 j + k and 3 k − 2 j cuts the plane through
(a) [r a 1 a 2 ] = 0 (b) [r a 1 a 2 ] = a 1 . a 2 the origin and the points 4 j and 2i + k , is
(c) [r a 2 a 1 ] = a 1 . a 2 (d) None of these 1
(a) 6 i − 10 j + 3 k (b) (6 i − 10 j + 3 k )
23. The vector equation of the plane containing the lines 5
r = (i + j) + λ (i + 2 j − k ) and r = (i + j) + µ (−i + j − 2 k ) is (c) −6 i + 10 j − 3 k (d) None of these
(a) r.(i + j + k ) = 0 (b) r.(i − j − k ) = 0 33. The distance between the planes given by
(c) r.(i + j + k ) = 3 (d) None of these r.(i + 2 j − 2 k ) + 5 = 0 and r.(i + 2 j − 2 k ) − 8 = 0 is
24. The cartesian equation of the plane 13
(a) 1 unit (b) unit
r = (1 + λ − µ )i + (2 − λ )j + (3 − 2λ + 2 µ )k is 3
(a) 2 x + y = 5 (b) 2 x − y = 5 (c) 13 unit (d) None of these
(c) 2 x + z = 5 (d) 2 x − z = 5 34. The equation of the plane containing the line
25. The length of the perpendicular from the origin to the r = i + j + λ (2 i + j + 4 k ) is
plane passing through three non-collinear points a , b , c is
(a) r.(i + 2 j − k ) = 3 (b) r.(i + 2 j − k ) = 6
[a b c ] 2 [a b c ]
(a) (b) (c) r.(−i − 2 j + k ) = 3 (d) None of these
| a ×b + c ×a + b ×c| | a × b + b ×c + c ×a|
35. The equation | r | 2 − r.(2 i + 4 j − 2 k ) − 10 = 0 represents a
(c) [a b c ] (d) None of these
(a) Circle (b) Plane
26. The length of the perpendicular from the origin to the
plane passing through the point a and containing the line (c) Sphere of radius 4 (d) Sphere of radius 3
r = b + λc is (e) None of these
[a b c ] [a b c ] 36. The centre of the sphere α r − 2 u .r = β , (α ≠ 0 ) is
(a) (b)
| a ×b + b ×c + c ×a| | a ×b + b ×c| [AMU 1999]
[a b c ] [a b c ] (a) − u / α (b) u / α
(c) (d)
| b ×c + c ×a| | c ×a + a × b| α+β
(c) αu / β (d) u
α
27. The position vector of a point at a distance of 3 11 units
37. The shortest distance between the lines
from i − j + 2 k on a line passing through the points
r = (3 i − 2 j − 2 k ) + i t and r = i − j + 2 k + js (t and s being
i − j + 2 k and 3 i + j + k is
parameters) is [AMU 1999]
(a) 10 i + 2 j − 5 k (b) −8 i − 4 j − k
(a) 21 (b) 102
(c) 8 i + 4 j + k (d) −10 i − 2 j − 5 k
(c) 4 (d) 3
28. The line joining the points 6 a − 4 b + 4 c , − 4 c and the line
38. The equation of the line passing through the points
joining the points −a − 2 b − 3 c , a + 2 b − 5 c intersect at a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k and b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k is [RPET 2002]
(a) −4 a (b) 4 a − b − c (a) (a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k) + t(b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k )
(c) 4 c (d) None of these
(b) (a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k ) − t(b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k )
29. Angle between the line r = (2 i − j + k) + λ (−i + j + k ) and
the plane r.(3 i + 2 j − k ) = 4 is (c) a1 (1 − t)i + a 2 (1 − t)j + a 3 (1 − t)k + (b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k )t
 2   −2  (d) None of these
(a) cos −1  
 (b) cos −1  
 39. The distance between the line r = 2i − 2 j + 3 k + λ(i − j + 4 k)
 42   42 
and the plane r.(i + 5 j + k ) = 5 is [AIEEE 2005]
 2   −2 
(c) sin −1  
 (d) sin −1  
 3 10
 42   42  (a) (b)
10 3
30. The line through i + 3 j + 2 k and perpendicular to the
10 10
lines r = (i + 2 j − k) + λ (2i + j + k ) (c) (d)
9 3 3
and r = (2i + 6 j + k ) + µ (i + 2 j + 3 k ) is
40. The image of the point with position vector i + 3 k in the
(a) r = (i + 2 j − k ) + λ (−i + 5 j − 3 k ) plane r.(i + j + k ) = 1 is [J & K 2005]
(b) r = i + 3 j + 2 k + λ (i − 5 j + 3 k )
(a) i + 2 j + k (b) i − 2i + k
(c) r = i + 3 j + 2 k + λ (i + 5 j + 3 k )
(c) −i − 2 j + k (d) i + 2 j − k
(d) r = i + 3 j + 2 k + λ (−i + 5 j − 3 k )

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 31

Science Higher Secondary School

41. The equation of the plane passing through the points 3. If a, b and c are unit vectors, then
(−1,−2, 0), (2, 3, 5 ) and parallel to the line | a − b | 2 + | b − c | 2 + | c − a | 2 does not exceed
r = −3 j + k + λ (2 i + 5 j − k ) is [J & K 2005] [IIT Screening 2001]
(a) 4 (b) 9
(a) r.(−30 i + 13 j + 5 k ) = 4 (b) r.(30 i + 13 j + 5 k ) = 4
(c) 8 (d) 6
(c) r.(30 i + 13 j − 5 k ) = 4 (d) r.(30 i − 13 j − 5 k ) = 4
4. The vectors AB = 3 i + 5 j + 4 k and AC = 5 i − 5 j + 2 k are
42. The shortest distance between the lines
the sides of a triangle ABC. The length of the median
r1 = 4 i − 3 j − k + λ(i − 4 j + 7 k )
through A is [UPSEAT 2004]
and r2 = i − j − 10 k + λ(2i − 3 j + 8 k ) is [J & K 2005]
(a) 13 unit (b) 2 5 unit
(a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 5 unit (d) 10 unit
(c) 2 (d) 0
43. The position vector of the point where the line 5. Let the value of p = ( x + 4 y ) a + (2 x + y + 1) b and
r = i − j + k + t(i + j + k ) meets the plane r.(i + j + k ) = 5 is q = (y − 2 x + 2) a + (2 x − 3 y − 1) b , where a and b are non-
[Kerala (Engg.) 2005] collinear vectors. If 3 p = 2q, then the value of x and y
(a) 5 i + j − k (b) 5 i + 3 j − 3 k will be [RPET 1984; MNR 1984]
(c) 2i + j + 2 k (d) 5 i + j + k (a) – 1, 2 (b) 2, – 1
(e) 4 i + 2 j − 2 k (c) 1, 2 (d) 2, 1\
44. A Plane meets the co-ordinate axes at P, Q and R such 6. The points D, E, F divide BC, CA and AB of the triangle
that the position vector of the centroid of ∆PQR is ABC in the ratio 1 : 4, 3 : 2 and 3 : 7 respectively and the
2i − 5 j + 8 k . Then the equation of the plane is point K divides AB in the ratio 1 : 3 , then
[J & K 2005] ( AD + BE + CF ) : CK is equal to [MNR 1987]
(a) r.( 20 i − 8 j + 5 k ) = 120 (b) r.( 20 i − 8 j + 5 k ) = 1 (a) 1 : 1 (b) 2:5
(c) r.( 20 i − 8 j + 5 k ) = 2 (d) r.( 20 i − 8 j + 5 k ) = 20 (c) 5 : 2 (d) None of these
45. The line of intersection of the planes r.(i − 3 j + k ) = 1 and 7. If two vertices of a triangle are i − j and j + k , then the
r.( 2 i + 5 j − 3 k ) = 2 is parallel to the vector third vertex can be [Roorkee 1995]
(a) −4 i + 5 j + 11 k (b) 4 i + 5 j + 11 k (a) i + k (b) i − 2j − k
(c) 4 i − 5 j + 11 k (d) 4 i − 5 j − 11 k (c) i − k (d) 2i − j
46. The equation of plane passing through a point A(2,−1, 3) (e) All the above
and parallel to the vectors a = (3, 0,−1) and b = (−3, 2, 2) 8. If a of magnitude 50 is collinear with the vector
15 k
is b = 6i −8 j− , and makes an acute angle with the
[Orissa JEE 2005] 2
(a) 2 x − 3 y + 6 z − 25 = 0 (b) 2 x − 3 y + 6 z + 25 = 0 positive direction of z-axis, then the vector a is equal to
[Pb. CET 2004]
(c) 3 x − 2 y + 6 z − 25 = 0 (d) 3 x − 2 y + 6 z + 25 = 0
(a) 24 i − 32 j + 30 k (b) −24 i + 32 j + 30 k
47. If the position vectors of two point P and Q are
respectively 9 i − j + 5 k and i + 3 j + 5 k , and the line (c) 16 i − 16 j − 15 k (d) −12 i + 16 j − 30 k
segment PQ intersects the YOZ plane at a point R, the PR 9. If three non-zero vectors are a = a1 i + a 2 j + a 3 k ,
: RQ is equal to [J &bK= 2005]
b 1 i + b 2 j + b 3 k and c = c1 i + c 2 j + c 3 k. If c is the unit
(a) 9 : 1 (b) 1 : 9
(c) –1 : 9 (d) – 9 : 1 vector perpendicular to the vectors a and b and the angle
2
a1 a2 a3
π
between a and b is , then b1 b2 b3 is equal to
6
c1 c2 c3
[IIT 1986]
3 (Σa12 ) (Σb12 ) (Σc12 )
(a) 0 (b)
1. Three forces of magnitudes 1, 2, 3 dynes meet in a point 4
and act along diagonals of three adjacent faces of a cube. (Σa12 ) (Σb12 )
The resultant force is [MNR 1987] (c) 1 (d)
4
(a) 114 dyne (b) 6 dyne 10. Let the unit vectors a and b be perpendicular and the unit
(c) 5 dyne (d) None of these vector c be inclined at an angle θ to both a and b. If
2. The vectors b and c are in the direction of north-east and c = α a + β b + γ (a × b ), then [Orissa JEE 2003]
north-west respectively and |b|=|c|= 4. The magnitude (a) α = β = cos θ , γ 2 = cos 2θ
and direction of the vector d = c – b, are [Roorkee 2000]
(b) α = β = cos θ , γ 2 = − cos 2θ
(a) 4 2 , towards north (b) 4 2 , towards west
(c) α = cos θ , β = sin θ , γ 2 = cos 2θ
(c) 4, towards east (d) 4, towards south
(d) None of these

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 32 website: www.edunova.ac.in

11. The vector a + b bisects the angle between the vectors a 19. If a × r = b + λa and a . r = 3, where a = 2 i + j − k and
and b, if b = −i − 2 j + k, then r and λ are equal to
(a) | a | =| b |
7 2 6 7 2 5
(b) | a | =| b | or angle between a and b is zero (a) r = i + j, λ = (b) r = i + j, λ =
6 3 5 6 3 6
(c) | a | = m | b |
6 2 6
(d) None of these (c) r = i + j, λ = (d) None of these
7 3 5
12. The points O, A, B, C, D are such that OA = a , OB = b , 20. Let the vectors a, b, c and d be such that
(a × b ) × (c × d ) = 0 . Let P1 and P2 be planes determined
OC = 2 a + 3 b and OD = a − 2 b . If | a | = 3| b |, then the
by pair of vectors a, b and c, d respectively. Then the
angle between BD and AC is angle between P1 and P2 is [IIT Screening 2000; MP
π π PET 2004]
(a) (b)
3 4 π
π (a) 0 o (b)
(c) (d) None of these 4
6 π π
(c) (d)
13. If A = i + 2 j + 3 k, B = −i + 2 j + k and C = 3 i + j, then the 3 2
value of t such that A + t B is at right angle to vector C, is 21. If a = i + j + k , a . b = 1 and a × b = j − k , then b =
[RPET 2002] [IIT Screening 2004]
(a) 2 (b) 4 (a) i (b) i − j + k
(c) 5 (d) 6
(c) 2 j − k (d) 2i
14. Let b = 4 i + 3 j and c be two vectors perpendicular to
each other in the xy-plane. All vectors in the same plane 22. The position vectors of the vertices of a quadrilateral
having projections 1 and 2 along b and c respectively, are ABCD are a, b, c and d respectively. Area of the
given by quadrilateral formed by joining the middle points of its
[IIT 1987] sides is
2 11 2 11 [Roorkee 2000]
(a) 2i − j, i + j (b) 2i + j, − i + j
5 5 5 5 1
(a) | a ×b + b ×d + d ×a|
2 11 2 11 4
(c) 2i + j, − i − j (d) 2i − j, − i + j
5 5 5 5 1
15. Let a = 2i − j + k, b = i + 2 j − k and c = i + j − 2 k be (b) b ×c + c ×d + a ×d + b ×a
4
three vectors. A vector in the plane of b and c whose 1
(c) a ×b + b ×c +c ×d +d×a
projection on a is of magnitude 2 / 3 is 4
[IIT 1993; Pb. CET 2004]
1
(a) 2i + 3 j − 3 k (b) 2i + 3 j + 3 k (d) b×c +c ×d +d×b
4
(c) − 2 i − j + 5 k (d) 2i + j + 5 k
23. The moment about the point M (−2, 4 , − 6 ) of the force
16. A vector a has components 2p and 1 with respect to a
rectangular cartesian system. The system is rotated represented in magnitude and position by AB where the
through a certain angle about the origin in the anti- points A and B have the co-ordinates (1, 2, − 3) and
clockwise sense. If a has components p+1 and 1 with (3, − 4 , 2) respectively, is [MP PET 2000]
respect to the new system, then [IIT 1984]
1 (a) 8i – 9j – 14k (b) 2i – 6j + 5k
(a) p = 0 (b) p = 1 or − (c) – 3i + 2j – 3k (d) – 5i + 8j – 8k
3
1 24. If the vectors ai + j + k, i + b j + k and i + j + ck
(c) p = −1 or (d) p = 1 or −1
3 (a ≠ b ≠ c ≠ 1) are coplanar, then the value of
17. If u = 2 i + 2 j − k and v = 6 i − 3 j + 2 k, then a unit vector 1 1 1
+ + = [BIT Ranchi 1988; RPET 1987;
perpendicular to both u and v is [MP PET 1987] 1−a 1−b 1−c
1 1 18  IIT 1987; DCE 2001; MP PET 2004; Orissa JEE 2005]
(a) i − 10 j − 18 k (b)  i − 2j − k 1
17  5 5  (a) – 1 (b) −
2
1
(c) (7 i − 10 j − 18 k ) (d) None of these 1
473 (c) (d) 1
2
18. If a = 2 i + k, b = i + j + k and c = 4 i − 3 j + 7 k. If
25. If α (a × b ) + β (b × c ) + γ (c × a ) = 0 and at least one of the
d × b = c × b and d . a = 0, then d will be [IIT 1990]
numbers α , β and γ is non-zero, then the vectors a, b
(a) i + 8 j + 2 k (b) i − 8 j + 2 k and c are
(c) −i + 8 j − k (d) −i − 8 j + 2 k (a) Perpendicular (b) Parallel
(c) Coplanar (d) None of these

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 33

Science Higher Secondary School

26. The volume of the tetrahedron, whose vertices are given 34. If x is parallel to y and z where x = 2i + j + αk ,
by the vectors −i + j + k, i − j + k and i + j − k with y = αi + k and z = 5 i − j , then α is equal to [J & K 2005]
reference to the fourth vertex as origin, is
(a) ± 5 (b) ± 6
5 2
(a) cubic unit (b) cubic unit
3 3 (c) ± 7 (d) None of these
3 35. The vector c directed along the internal bisector of the
(c) cubic unit (d) None of these angle between the vectors a = 7 i − 4 j − 4 k and
5
27. Let a = i − j, b = j − k , c = k − i. If d̂ is a unit vector such b = −2i − j + 2 k with | c | = 5 6 , is
ˆ = 0 = [b c d
that a . d ˆ is equal to
ˆ ], then d [IIT 1995]
5
(a) (i − 7 j + 2 k )
3
i + j−k i + j+k
(a) ± (b) ± 5
3 3 (b) (5 i + 5 j + 2 k )
3
i + j − 2k 5
(c) ± (d) ± k (c) (i + 7 j + 2 k )
6 3
28. The value of 'a' so that the volume of parallelopiped 5
formed by i + aj + k, j + a k and a i + k becomes (d) (−5 i + 5 j + 2 k )
3
minimum is
36. The distance of the point B (i + 2 j + 3 k ) from the line
[IIT Screening 2003]
(a) – 3 (b) 3 which is passing through A (4 i + 2 j + 2 k ) and which is
1 parallel to the vector C = 2i + 3 j + 6 k is [Roork
(c) (d) 3
3 (a) 10 (b) 10
29. If b and c are any two non-collinear unit vectors and a is (c) 100 (d) None of these
a . (b × c ) 37. Let a, b, c are three non-coplanar vectors such that
any vector, then (a . b ) b + (a . c ) c + (b × c ) =
| b×c|
r1 = a − b + c , r2 = b + c − a , r3 = c + a + b ,
[IIT 1996]
r = 2a − 3 b + 4 c . If r = λ1 r1 + λ 2 r2 + λ 3 r3 , then
(a) a (b) b
(c) c (d) 0 (a) λ1 = 7 (b) λ1 + λ 3 = 3
30. If a, b, c are non-coplanar unit vectors such that (c) λ1 + λ 2 + λ 3 = 4 (d) λ 3 + λ 2 = 2
b +c
a × (b × c ) = , then the angle between a and b is 38. Let a = 2i + j + k, b = i + 2 j − k and a unit vector c be
2
coplanar. If c is perpendicular to a, then c =
[IIT 1995]
[IIT 1999; Pb. CET 2003; DCE 2005]
π π 1 1
(a) (b) (a) (− j + k ) (b) (−i − j − k )
4 2
2 3
3π
(c) (d) π 1 1
4 (c) (i − 2 j) (d) (i − j − k )
5 3
31. [(a × b ) × (b × c ) (b × c ) × (c × a ) (c × a ) × (a × b )] =
39. Let p, q, r be three mutually perpendicular vectors of the
(a) [a b c ] 2 (b) [a b c ] 3 same magnitude. If a vector x satisfies equation
p × {(x − q ) × p} + q × {(x − r) × q } + r × {(x − p ) × r} = 0, then
(c) [a b c ]4 (d) None of these x is given by [IIT 1997 Cancelled]
32. Unit vectors a, b and c are coplanar. A unit vector d is 1
1 1 1 (a) (p + q − 2 r)
perpendicular to them. If (a × b ) × (c × d ) = i − j + k 2
6 3 3
1
and the angle between a and b is 30 o , then c is (b) (p + q + r)
2
[Roorkee Qualifying 1998]
1
(i − 2 j + 2 k ) (2 i + j − k ) (c) (p + q + r)
(a) (b) 3
3 3
1
(−i + 2 j − 2 k ) (−i + 2 j + k ) (d) (2 p + q − r)
(c) (d) 3
3 3
40. The point of intersection of r × a = b × a and r × b = a × b ,
33. The radius of the circular section of the sphere | r| = 5 by
where a = i + j and b = 2 i − k is [Orissa
the plane r . (i + j + k ) = 3 3 is [DCE
(a) 1999]
3i + j − k (b) 3 i − k
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 i + 2 j + k (d) None of these
(c) 3 (d) 4

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

Science Higher Secondary School Page 34 website: www.edunova.ac.in

51 d 52 b 53 a 54 d 55 d

56 b 57 b 58 c 59 c 60 b

61 c 62 d 63 c 64 d 65 b

66 a 67 a 68 b 69 a 70 a

71 a 72 b 73 d 74 d 75 c
I. Modulus of vector, Algebra of vectors
76 b 77 b 78 c 79 b 80 a

1 a 2 d 3 d 4 a 5 c 81 a 82 c 83 c 84 a,c,d 85 d

6 c 7 b 8 d 9 c 10 c 86 d 87 d 88 a 89 c 90 c

11 a 12 b 13 b 14 a 15 d 91 d 92 a 93 b 94 b 95 b

16 a 17 a 18 c 19 b 20 d 96 b 97 b 98 c 99 a 100 b

21 b 22 a 23 c 24 c 25 b 101 a 102 a 103 a 104 a 105 c

26 b 27 b 28 b 29 b 30 c 106 d 107 c 108 b 109 c 110 a

31 b 32 d 33 d 34 c 35 c 111 b 112 c 113 b 114 d 115 d

36 c 37 d 38 c 39 b 40 b

41 d 42 c 43 b 44 b 45 c III. Vector or Cross product of two vectors and

its applications
46 d 47 d 48 a 49 c 50 b

51 c 52 b 53 a 54 a 55 b 1 d 2 c 3 b 4 a 5 c
56 c 57 b 58 a 59 a 60 a 6 c 7 b 8 c 9 b 10 d
61 b 62 a 63 d 64 b 65 b 11 a 12 c 13 b 14 a 15 c
66 d 67 a 68 b 69 c 70 d 16 a,c 17 b 18 a 19 c 20 d
71 b 72 a 73 a 74 a 75 b 21 a 22 c 23 c 24 c 25 a

76 b 77 d 78 b 79 c 80 c 26 d 27 b 28 a 29 c 30 d

81 a 82 c 83 a 84 b 85 a 31 b 32 c 33 a 34 b 35 b

86 a 87 a 88 c 89 d 90 c 36 b 37 c 38 a 39 b 40 c

91 a 92 a 93 d 94 d 95 d 41 b 42 d 43 a 44 a 45 c
46 b 47 b 48 b 49 a 50 b
96 a 97 a 98 d 99 a 100 c
51 c 52 c 53 a 54 c 55 b
101 c 102 c 103 d 104 b 105 a
56 b 57 a 58 d 59 b 60 b
106 d 107 b 108 d 109 c 110 c
61 b 62 b 63 c 64 c 65 b
111 a 112 a 113 c 114 b 115 c
66 d 67 c 68 c 69 c 70 c
116 a 117 c 118 a 119 a
71 c 72 b 73 b 74 c 75 d
76 a 77 a 78 a 79 d 80 c
II. Scalar or Dot product of two vectors and
81 d 82 b 83 b 84 d 85 a
its applications
86 c 87 c 88 d

1 a 2 d 3 c 4 b 5 c
6 c 7 a 8 c 9 d 10 b Scalar triple product and their applications

11 d 12 a 13 a 14 d 15 d
1 a 2 b 3 c 4 c 5 a
16 b 17 d 18 b 19 c 20 c
21 b 22 d 23 b 24 c 25 c 6 d 7 d 8 a 9 a 10 c
11 b 12 c 13 a 14 b 15 d
26 a 27 c 28 d 29 a 30 a
16 c 17 a 18 a 19 b 20 d
31 d 32 c 33 d 34 a 35 a
21 b 22 d 23 a 24 c 25 d
36 a 37 d 38 a 39 a 40 d
26 b 27 c,d 28 c 29 c 30 d
41 c 42 c 43 a 44 b 45 c
31 c 32 a,c 33 b 34 b 35 c
46 b 47 b 48 b 49 b 50 b

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.

 TM

website: www.edunova.ac.in Page 35

Science Higher Secondary School

36 b 37 a 38 b 39 a 40 d
41 d 42 c 43 b 44 b 45 c
46 a 47 d 48 d 49 b 50 d
51 c 52 b 53 c 54 c 55 d
56 c 57 c 58 d 59 c 60 d
61 c 62 b 63 a

Vector triple product

1 a 2 c 3 a 4 d 5 b
6 c 7 d 8 a 9 b 10 d
11 b 12 d 13 c 14 b 15 b
16 a 17 a 18 a 19 a 20 c
21 d 22 d 23 d 24 c

Application of vectors in three dimensional geometry

1 a 2 a 3 d 4 a 5 b

6 c 7 b 8 c 9 c 10 a

11 b 12 b 13 a 14 b 15 d

16 c 17 b 18 c 19 b 20 a

21 b 22 a 23 b 24 c 25 a

26 c 27 b 28 d 29 d 30 d

31 a 32 b 33 b 34 a 35 c

36 d 37 c 38 c 39 d 40 c

41 a 42 d 43 b 44 a 45 b

46 a 47 d

Critical Thinking Questions

1 c 2 b 3 b 4 c 5 b

6 b 7 e 8 b 9 d 10 b

11 b 12 d 13 c 14 d 15 a,c

16 b 17 b 18 d 19 b 20 a

21 a 22 c 23 a 24 d 25 c

26 b 27 c 28 c 29 a 30 c

31 c 32 a,c 33 d 34 c 35 a

36 b 37 b,c 38 a 39 b 40 a

EDUNOVA CLASSES:- AHMEDABAD-VASTRAPUR & MANINAGAR, VADODARA-KARELIBAUG, DAHOD, GODHRA, RAJKOT.