LIQUID ENERGY GLOBAL SERVICES LIMITED

Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 1 of 15

Liquid ENERGY GLOBAL SERVICES limited

PICKLING PASSIVATION PROCEDURE

Rev. Status Rev. Date Revision Memo Issued by Checked by Approved by

Felix.N Kingsley.O Ekeke.C
01 IFC 03-06-2022 Re-Issue For Construction
Felix .N Kingsley.O Ekeke .C
00 IFC 03-06-2022 Issue For Construction
DO IFA 04-06-2022 Issue for Approval Felix.N Kingsley.O Ekeke .C

CO IFR 05/06/2022 Issued for Review Felix .N Kingsley.O Ekeke.C

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from the company
 LIQUID ENERGY GLOBAL SERVICES LIMITED
Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 2 of 15

REVISION DESCRIPTION

Rev. index Revision Description

C0 ISSUED FOR REVIEW
D0 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL
00 ISSUED FOR CONSTRUCTION
01 RE-ISSUED FOR CONSTRUCTION

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 LIQUID ENERGY GLOBAL SERVICES LIMITED
Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 3 of 15

INDEX:
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose Scope
1.2.1 Purpose
1.2.2 Scope

2. DEFINITIONS AND ABREVIATIONS

2.1 Definitions
2.2 Abbreviations

3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
3.1 International Standards.

4. VISUAL INSPECTION OF THE STAINLESS MATERIAL SURFACE

5. DECONTAMINATION OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL

5.1 Removal of Contamination
5.2. Preparation of the Test Solution
5.3 Application of the Test Solution
5.4 Result Analysis
5.5 Cleaning of the Test Solution.

6. ACID PICKLING
6.1 Pickling Product
6.2 Surface Preparation
6.3 Pickling
6.4 Neutralisation of the Pickling Product

7. PASSIVATION
7.0.1 Passivation Product
7.0.2 Passivation Stage
7.0.3 Application of the Passivation Product
7.0.4 Neutralization of Passivation Product

8. SAFETY

9. MATERIAL /EQUIPMENT.

10. APPENDICES

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 4 of 15

1.1 Purpose and Scope

1.2.1 Purpose:

The purpose of this document is to ensure that Pickling and Passivation of DSS/SS Pipes and
structures are done in this project according to the manufacturer recommendation, project
specification and/or CPY requirement.

1.2.2 Scope:

This procedure describes the minimum requirement for surface preparation, on pipe welds,
materials, elbows, iron contamination/decontamination of DSS/SS of pipes, spools, Pickling,
Passivation. The scope shall be but not limited to:

 Duplex Stainless Steel

 Galvanised Piping and Steel Structure
 Zinc or Cadmium Plated Bichromated Surface

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 LIQUID ENERGY GLOBAL SERVICES LIMITED
Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 5 of 15

2. DEFINITION AND ABREVIATIONS

2.1 DEFINITIONS

COMPANY Chify Nigeria Limited

CONTRACTOR Liquid Energy Global Services Limited

PROJECT OML 58 (Obagi) OFS Gas Lift Network Piping Modification and Repair

MANUFACTURER Manufacturer or supplier of Nitric Acid or any other Solution that will
Be used in performing the job.

IRON CONTAMINATION Iron particles that are on the surface of the DSS/SS material. The
particles develop into Iron Oxide on the material surface ,and it
looks like rust.

DECONTAMINATION The action of removal of the contamination, it can be mechanical

Or chemical method.

PICKLING The chemical action of removing the oxide or mill scale formation
from the Stainless Steel welds surface

NEUTRALIZATION Rinsing with clean fresh potable water (50ppm max) to wash out
The chemicals action on the surface of DSS/SS material

PASSIVATION The action of formation of Chromium Oxide on the surface of the

(this is a chemical action)

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
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Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
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3.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS:

3.0.1: ASTM A 380-96: Standard practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of
Stainless Steel part, Pipes, Equipment, and System.

3.0.2 ASTME A 967-96 Standard Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments for
Stainless Steel Parts

3.0.3 ASTM B 117-95 Standard Practice for operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus

3.0.4 Fed. Spec. QQ-P-35C October 28, 1988 Passivation Treatments for Corrosion
Resistant Steel.

3.0.5 MIL –STD-753 Standard Practice for Copper Sulphate Test on Stainless Steel
Materials.

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
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Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
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4.0 VISIUAL INSPECTION OF THE STAINLESS MATERIAL SURFACE.

o Each pipe shall be inspected for surface damage, iron contamination, Visible Rust.

o Each suspected area with grinding mark , rust or damage shall be marked with
metal marker suitable for DSS/SS

o Test for free iron contamination: if testing for iron contamination is considered
necessary, repeatedly wet the suspected surface with potable clean fresh water
and allow it to dry for a total of 8 hrs of a 24 hr test period. Any residual –iron is
visible after the test cycle. An alternative test is the ferroxyl test method.

o Test for organic contamination: if testing for organic contamination is considered

necessary, the water break test is a simple way of accessing the effectiveness of
degreasing. A thin sheet of clean fresh water that is applied to a surface will break
around any surface contamination.

5.0 DECONTAMINATION OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STELL

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Document number:
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DSS/SS
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QC
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5.0.1 REMOVAL OF CONTAMINATION

o Protect the surrounding of the suspected area using chloride free masking tape.
This will help prevent the propagation of the contamination during the
contamination removal.

o On each suspected point , Brush the area by hand using a SS wire brush (do not
use
a grinder ,wire brush to be used gently .

o If the area is large, a Flap Disk with a small grinding machine can be used.

o After having cleaning the area ,the surface must be rinsed gently with clean
portable
water, caution must be taken not to spread the contamination on adjacent surfaces
.

o Duplex weld and surrounding surface shall be threaded as contaminated as well

and so undergo the whole decontamination process.

o Organic contaminants such as grease , Oil ,paints footprints ,adhesive ,residue

and dirt shall be removed using an approved , chloride –free pre-cleaning
/degreasing agent for use on DSS material (can be Acetone)

o A plastic wide container shall be kept underneath the surface in order to contain
the product falling down (the product shall be disposed an treated as hazardous
waste )

o Underneath the plastic container, a tarpaulin sheet be put in place to be sure no

waste of product will spread on the surrounding area.

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 9 of 15

5.0.2 PREPARATION OF THE TEST SOLUTION

 Test solution shall be prepared in accordance with the

manufacturers
Recommendation, paying particular attention to the safety
requirement

 The test solutions prepared by first adding the sulphuric acid to

distilled water and then dissolving the copper sulphate in the
following proportions:

 Distilled water = 250cm3


Sulfuric acid = 1cm3
 Copper sulphate = 4gr

 As alternative the test solution can be substituted by the ferroxyl-

Test 7gr. Potassium Ferro – Cyanide, 4.5ml Nitric Acid, 214ml
water.

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 10 of 15

REMARKS:

(A) ALWAYS ADD ACID TO COLD WATER THE REVERSE ACTION IS FORBBIDEN
(B) The use of the mixture shall be effective for one day only, so a small amount of mixture
shall be prepared at each time.

5.0.3 APPLICATION OF THE TEST SOLUTION

The components must be cooled to room temperature (15 – 400c) before application
of the test solution .

Test solution shall be applied following the manufacturer’s instruction ,paying particular
Attention to the safety requirements.

The test shall be performed using scrap SS/DSS material (as device to mix the product )

The solution shall be applied with a plastic paddle (not containing any iron particle )
applying additional solution if needed ,the surface needs to be wet with by the solution for
5 minutes ,the surface to be tested can also be covered by a neutral filter paper wet by
the solution , this will help to keep the surface wet .(this last solution is the suggested one)

5.0.4 RESULT ANALYSIS

The surface under test shall be considered unacceptable if a blue coloration develops
within 5 minutes of the application on a red litmus paper.
The contamination shall be remove and after cleaning the test solution shall be repeated
until no blue coloration appears.
The test solution shall be left for 25-30 minutes or as recommended by the manufacturer

5.0.5 CLEANING OF THE TEST SOLUTION

.
The surface shall be rinsed gently with potable water (50 ppm max), care to be taken not
to spread the material on surrounding area.
After cleaning, the area shall be rinsed with clean portable water.
Dry the area with white cotton cloth.
After this stage, proceed to the section of passivation to continue the action of
decontamination.

6.0: ACID PICKLING

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Document number:
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6.0.1 PICKLING PRODUCT

Decapoli Rapide is the pickling solution (Nitric-Hydrofluoric solution)

Decapoli 67 is the passivation solution
Acetone
Fresh Water

6.0.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

Before pickling product application , the Brushing is the most effective means of removing
localized scale or oxide such as the one resulting from welding (on the weld surface and
the surrounding areas .
After wire hand brush, the area shall be rinsed with clean, portable water.
Alternatively to portable water, white cotton cloth wet acetone can be used.
The surface must be dry
Organic contaminants such as grease , oil ,paints ,footprints , adhesive residues and dirt
shall be removed using an approved chloride –free pre-cleaning /degreasing agent for use
on DSS material (can be Acetone)

6.0.3 PICKLING

The components to be pickled must be cooled to room temperature (15-400C) before

application of the pickling paste.

Pickling paste shall be applied following the manufacturer’s instructions paying particular
attention to safety requirement.

Applying a thin film of the pickling paste by a paint brush on the weld surface and the weld
surrounding area.

Allow the product to act on the surface for 35 - 40 minutes or as recommended by the
manufacturer, the product shall not be allowed to dry for this purpose a contiguous
refreshing with the wet paint brush can be done.

The pickling action shall be performed in a well ventilated area, and in the shade.

Pickling in direct sunlight shall avoided to prevent the pickling paste from drying out. Dry
pickling paste will result in reduced pickling effect and rinsing difficulties.

6.0.4 NEUTRALISATION OF THE PICKLING PRODCUT

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
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After chemical pickling, the surface must be thoroughly rinsed to remove the residual
chemicals.

Thorough rinsing with potable water is essential and shall be carried out before the pickling
past dries. The preferred way of rinsing is with a water jet.

Checking of the neutralization shall be done by applying of the surface a strip of Litmus
paper, the PH shall be 7 (Neutral ).

7.0. PASSIVATION

7.0.1 PASSIVATION PRODUCT

DECAPOLI 67 is Nitric Acid Solution 15%

7.0.2 PASSIVATION STAGE

Passivation must be performed as soon as possible after pickling

The passivation procedure shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendation.

7.0.3 APPLICATION OF THE PASSIVATION PRODUCT

Passivation is the chemical treatment of DSS/SS with a mild oxidant, such as nitric acid,
for the purpose of enhancing the spontaneous formation of the protection passivation
chromium oxide film.
Immediately after pickling neutralization, the passivation product shall be applied as
follows.
Spread a thin layer of the passivation product with a paint brush on the surface.
The passivation product shall be left on the surface for 20 – 30 minutes or as
recommended by the manufacturer.
The passivation product shall not be allowed to dry (The passivation product shall be
re-applied as required to prevent the product from drying out)
The passivation operation shall be done in a well ventilated area, and in the shade.

7.0.4 NEUTRALIZATION OF PASSIVATION PRODUCT

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Document number:
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QC
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After passivation, the surface must be thoroughly rinsed with clean, portable water in order
to eliminate the totality of the passivation product.
Checking of the neutralization shall be done by applying of the surface strip of Litmus
paper , the PH shall be 7(Neutral )
A smooth action with a cloth can be applied to facilitate the cleaning action.
After the cleaning action the surface must be dry in air or by hot air blowers.

8.0 SAFTY

Pickling shall be carried out in a special pickling area indoors. The pickling area shall be
separated from other workshops in order to avoid contamination and health hazards and
to ensure a controlled environment temperature.
Manufacturers handling instructions, essential product information, labels and safety data
sheets shall be strictly observed and followed.
Responsible personnel shall be familiar with the health hazards associated with the
product been handled.
The area shall be well ventilated and provided with fume extractors.
Surface such as walls, floors, roof and vessels shall be protected from splashing with acid
resistant material.
A facility for the collection and neutralization of rinsing water shall be available.
If rinsing water is recycled, care must be taken to ensure that final rinse is performed in
de-ionised water.
All the mentioned chemical products are harmful in the event of skin contact, if swallowed
or if the fumes are inhaled.
The manufacturer data sheet shall be transmitted to the HSE manager and also be
available on the job sit.
A job safety analysis shall be held on site with CPY, to review and define all the safety
pollution aspect, and environmental aspect.
All chemical shall be stored in a secured and dedicated area, provided with good
ventilation and retention capacity.
Storage temperature higher than 45OC shall be avoided.
Acid shall not be stored with flammable (acetone) or alkaline (basic) substances.
Chemicals bottles and drums shall be in very good conditions
All damaged bottles or drums shall be removed from the store and scraped in accordance
with environment rules.
Any bottle or drum containing chemicals shall be properly labelled.
In case of spill, an absorbent material shall be used to contain the product and the material
shall be disposed in proper waste container.
The QA/QC Manager, Site manager, Construction Manager, Project Engineer, the HSE
Manager shall ensure that all personnel are aware of the safety and quality aspect of the
activity.

A dedicated workshop shall be held for the personnel involved.

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Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
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During the acid manipulation and application proper ventilation shall be in place

Ventilation is require to minimize the accumulation of Hydrogen development caused by

the acid reaction, and smoke shall not be permitted in the area.

Safety shower shall be available at any time.

All the surrounding area shall be barricaded with caution tape

Any precaution to avoid pollution of the chemical shall be taken, these precaution shall be
listed in job safety analysis and risk mitigation plan.

Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) including suitable protective clothing and face
mask shall be used.

A first Aid Spray must be available.

Eating, smoking and drinking must be forbidden in the pickling and passivation area.

9.0 MATERIAL /EQUIPMENT LIST

PVC Gloves
Safety Glasses
Safety Mask
PVC Apron
Rubber Boot
Safety Eyes shower
Distillated water
Sulfuric Acid
Nitric Acid
Copper sulphate
Potassium Ferro Cyanide
Pickling Product DECAPOLI RAPIDE
Passivation Product DECAPOLI 67
Acetone
Hand SS wire brush
Flap Disk for grinding.
Cotton Cloth
Mask Tape suitable for DSS
Painting brush(free of iron parts)
Potable water (reference to potable water shall mean chloride 50 ppm max)
All Above material shall be suitable for DSS
PPE/emergency equipment to be in line with MSDS of product used.

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 LIQUID ENERGY GLOBAL SERVICES LIMITED
Document number:
PICKLING AND PASSIVATION PROCEDURE FOR NG12-101-PPP-LEGSL-00013
DSS/SS
Revision: 01
Document Type :
Discipline : PRO Date : 06-06-2022
QC
Page 15 of 15

9.0 APPENDICES

9.0.1 Appendix 1: DECONTAMINATION OF DUPLEX STAINLESS STELL

9.0.2 Appendix 2: NEUTRALIZATION OF PASSIVATION PRODUCT

9.0.3 Appendix3: VISIUAL INSPECTION OF THE STAINLESS MATERIAL

SURFACE

9.0.4 Appendix4: PICKLING PRODUCT

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