2 a lb 3lb 5

CHE 3164 Chemical Reaction Engineering (Tutorial Problems)

Set 7

1. The endothermic liquid-phase elementary reaction A B 2C proceeds, substantially to

completion in a single steam-jacketed CSTR. From the following data, calculate the steady-state
reactor temperature: Ans: T=199oF

Reactor volume: 125 gal

Steam jacket area: 10 ft2
Jacket steam: 150 psig (365.9oF saturation temperature)
Overall heat-transfer coefficient of jacket, U = 150 Btu/h.ft2.oF
Agitator shaft horsepower: 25 hp
o
Heat of reaction, H Rx : +20000 Btu/lb mol of A (independent of temperature)

Components A B C
Feed (lbmol/hr) 10.0 10.0 0
Feed temperature (oF) 80 80 -
Specific heat (Btu/lbmol.oF) 51.0 44.0 47.5
Molecular weight 128 94 222
Density (lb/ft3) 63.0 67.2 65.0

2. The elementary irreversible organic liquid-phase reaction, A B C is carried out

adiabatically in a flow reactor. An equal molar feed in A and B enters at 27oC, and the volumetric
flow rate is 2 dm3/s and CA0 = 0.1 mol/dm3.

(a) Calculate the PFR and CSTR volumes necessary to achieve 85% conversion. Ans:
175dm3
(b) What is the maximum inlet temperature one could have so that the boiling point of the
liquid (550K) would not be exceeded even for complete conversion? Ans: 350K
(c) Plot the conversion and temperature as a function of PFR volume
(d) Calculate the conversion that can be achieved in one 500 dm3 CSTR and in two 250 dm3
CSTRs in series.

Additional information:

H Ao 273K 20kcal / mol H Bo 273K 15kcal / mol H Co 273K 41kcal / mol

C PA C PB 15cal / mol.K C PC 30cal / mol.K
k 300 K ) 0.01dm 3 / mol.s E 10,000cal / mol
3. The elementary irreversible gas phase reaction A B C is carried out adiabatically in a PFR
packed with a catalyst. Pure A enters the reactor at a volumetric flow rate of 20 dm3/s at a pressure
of 10 atm and a temperature of 450 K.

(a) Plot the conversion and temperature down the plug flow reactor until an 80% conversion
is reached. (The maximum catalyst weight that can be packed into the PFR is 50 kg).
Assume that ΔP = 0).
(b) What catalyst weight is necessary to achieve 80% conversion in a CSTR?

Additional information:

C PA 40 J / mol.K C PB 25 J / mol.K C PC 15 J / mol.K

H Ao 70kJ / mol H Bo 50kJ / mol H Co 40kJ / mol

All heats of formation are referenced to 273 K

E 1 1 dm 3
k 0.133 exp with E 31.4 kJ/mol
R 450 T kg.cat .s

4. The reaction A B C is carried out adiabatically in a constant volume batch reactor.

The rate law is:

rA k1C 1A/ 2 C 1B/ 2 k 2 CC

Derive the expression for rate of temperature rise dT/dt in terms of rA, temperature T and
conversion X. Plot the temperature and concentrations of the reacting species as a function of time.

Additional information:

Inlet temperature of the reactants = 100oC

k1 (373K) = 2 x 10-3 /s, E1 = 100 kJ/mol
k2 (373K) = 3 x 10-5 /s, E2 = 150 kJ/mol
CA0 = 0.1 mol/dm3, CB0 = 0.125 mol/dm3
CPA = 25 J/mol.K, CPB = 25 J/mol.K, CPC = 40 J/mol.K
∆H0RX (298K) = - 40000 J/mol A
5. You are operating a batch reactor and the reaction (A B) is first-order with respective to A,
liquid-phase and exothermic. An inert coolant is added to the reaction mixture to control the
temperature. The temperature is kept constant by varying the flow rate of the coolant. Calculate
the flow rate of the coolant 2 h after the start of the reaction.

Additional information:

Temperature of reaction: 100oF

k(100oF) = 1.2 x 10-4 s-1
Temperature of coolant = 80oF
Heat capacity of all components = 0.5 Btu/Ib.oF
Density of all components = 50 Ib/ft3
∆H0RX = - 25,000 Btu/Ibmol

Initially:
Vessel contains only A (no B or C present)
CA0 = 0.5 Ibmol/ft3
Initial volume = 50 ft
 Q2 a At B s C
ro 21m31s
YAO Yeo 0.5
Cao O Imulldm3

n O 85
C SIR
e Kao N
ra
ra e kCaCB
CA Cao Il n
B Cao l n
ra kEAo2 l n 2
V FaoN
kCao ln
FAO Caoto
O1 2
O2m01IS

Energy balance
his Fao E'OiCpiCT Tio Fao x AHHH 0

Thnx I IHrix In t
Acp17 Ir
Attn Ir f Hick baHB C7r1 HaoGr
Icp CaCpc ba
Cpb Cpa
41 C 15 C 20 e 30 15 15
6kcal1m01 0

Adiabatic d O Ws O

Fao OnCpa t 0BcpB CT Io fAo n AHHH O

Fao OnCpa t 0BcpB CT Io FAO n sHkxL7

I a 70 Fao N shrill
Fao OaCpa 1OBCPB
To f 6 103 N
15115

I i
lo 2002
I 300 t 2002
For n O 85 7 300 120010.85 i
470K

enlki
K2
El't
10000
i1
In o ol I 987 Igloo 470

ka 4 317dm31m01 S
V O 2 10.85 175dm
4317710.172cL o8532

PFR
V DN
J
FAO
tr
y 200 n t 300
ra kCao Ci n 2
Cao e O l molldm3
Fao 0.2M011g
N I k ra
O 300 O Ol 1 10 4
O2 340 0.072 4608 10 4
O4 380 0.342 I 2312 10 3
0.6 420 I 207 19312 10 3
O8 460 3.421 I 3684 10 3
0.85 470 4 317 9714 10 4
V FAOJoo's dn
fa t FAoff I fa da

S 0.2 l
J ta d g 1 10 4
14 4.6081
10 4 2 123121 10 3
t 4 1.93121 1.36184
h oS O o2 10 3 10 3
4
1540 5

0
g5
ta d 45 1.36814 714410 4
10 3 g
h 0.85 0.8 4
0.05
V lo 2711540.5 O 2 44 316 9dm's
02lb I to 2002
550 Io 200117
t
To 350K
Problem 2

c) Can be solved using polymath

d(X)/d(V)=-ra/Fao
d(T)/d(V)=ra*(deltaH)/(Cpa+Cpb)/Fao
ra=-k*(Ca)^2
deltaH=-6000
Fao=0.2
Ca=0.1*(1-X)
k=0.01*exp(5032.7*(1/300-1/T))

Cpa=15
Cpb=15

V(0)=0
X(0)=0
T(0)=300
V(f)=500

Plot of conversion as a function of PFR volume

 Plot of temperature as a function of PFR volume

d)

X T k ra Fao/-ra
0 300 0.01 -0.0001 2000
0.2 340 0.071974 -0.00046 434.1821
0.4 380 0.341899 -0.00123 162.4912
0.6 420 1.20703 -0.00193 103.5599
0.8 460 3.421887 -0.00137 146.1182
0.9 480 5.398277 -0.00054 370.4886
0.95 490 6.686348 -0.00017 1196.468
0.97 494 7.26628 -6.5E-05 3058.288
 2500

2000

1500
FA0/-ra

1000

500

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
X

i) By trial and error,

To obtain V = 500 dm3, from the graph above, X = 0.92

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

ii) To obtain 1st CSTR V = 250 dm3, from the graph above, X = 0.88
To obtain 2nd CSTR V = 250 dm3, from the above graph, X = 0.97
Problem 3

Solve using polymath

d(X)/d(W)=-ra/Fao
d(T)/d(W)=ra*(deltaH)/(Fao*Cpa)
Fao=5.42
Cpa=40
k=0.133*exp(3776.6*(1/450-1/T))
Cao=0.271
To=450
deltaH=-20000
ra=-k*Cao*(1-X)/(1+X)*To/T
W(0)=0
X(0)=0
T(0)=450
W(f)=45

Plot of conversion as a function of catalyst weight

 Plot of temperature as a function of catalyst weight

b)

FA0
W=
− rA'

(1 - X) T0
- rA' = kC A0
(1 + εX) T

 1 1 
k = 0.133exp3776.6( − )
 450 T 

Adiabatic with no work Ws=0

∆H R (T0 )X
T = T0 −
Σθ i C pi + X∆C p

∆HR (TR) = - 20,000 kJ/mol

∆Cp = 0

T = 450 + 500X
93lb A s B t C
YAO e l
Vo 20dm3Is
Po 10 a1M
To 450K

a o 8

Energy balance
his Fao E'OiCpiCT Tio Fao x AHHH 0

Thnx I Strix In t
Acp17 Ir
Attn Ir f Hick tbHB.hr Ha47r 0Cp caCpctbaCpb cp
40 tf 50 C 70 e 15 t 25 40
20kg1m01 0

Adiabatic d O ius O

Fao OnCpa T Io FAO N shrill O

Fao OnCpa T Io FAO n sHkxl7
1 a Io Fao N shrill
Fao OaCpa
To f 20 103 n
40

I To 500k
I 450 t 5002
For n O S T a 4501500108 i 850K
Arrhenius equation

K O133 exp 31 4 103

S 314 450 gbio
G 9045
Design equation for CSIR
Wao i Fao R
ra

ra KCA
isobaric
Gasphase CA 2 CAO OA a
Ieuan fo Y
ca oh eh l't
on

s catba l I 11 I e l
E yao 8 1

Ideal gas law

PaoVAO hR7o
CAO e n Pao YaoPo 17110 101.325
Vito RT Rio 8.314714507
0.271 Molldm
Fao Cao Jo
0.2717 20
5 42molls

w Fao R
k Cao
life Y
b 42710 8
16904110.2717 18 s 5,8
39 4 kg
05 A B
t 2h a 7200s
I i 100 F
KCI00 F I 2 104 5
la a 80 F
SHRI e 25000 Btu 1 lb MOI
PA PB 50lb If 13
Cpa Cpb Cpc i 0.5 Btu lb of
CAO 0.5 Ibmullfts
ro a bof13

day
Q Ws E'FiocpiCT Tio t E DHnxCT C rav
E'Nicpi
constant temperature d1 so
dt
Adiabatic Q O his O
E'FooCpiCT Tio t I DHn l7 l rav 0

Sinceonly coolant is flowing

FcoCpc CT Ta t f IHH T l rav 0

Fco a f IHH T C rav
Cpc CT 1a

Design equationfor batchreactor

RAV DNA
dt
Ito dt Jffo rat DNA
NAO
f JNA ra
INA

ra KCA K NI

t e NA I
gNA Kwa
dNA

ke en Nff
 NAO
NA explky
NA Nao exp 1 Kt
Nao CaoVo 25 lb mot

Foo i E Shrill kiNaoexpC Kt

Cpc 17 1a
I 2 10 4
25000 1 2 10 4 25
exp l 7200
0.51100 801
3.161 lbmolls