International Journal of Advanced Scientific Technologies in Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS-ISSN: 2454-356X) Volume.5,Issue.1,January.

2019

Analysis & Design of Residential Buildings Using

E-TABS
SK MASTAN SHAREEF1,
PG Scholar, Rise Krishna Sai Prakasam Group of Institutions, Ongole
P SRINIVASULU REDDY2
Assistant Professor, Rise Krishna Sai Prakasam Group of Institutions, Ongole
Abstract— Structural Analysis is a branch which involves in the determination of behavior of structures in order to predict the
responses of different structural components due to effect of loads. Each and every structure will be subjected to either one or the
groups of loads, the various kinds of loads normally considered are dead load, live load, earth quake load and wind load. ETABS
(Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building System) is a software which is incorporated with all the major analysis engi nes that
is static, dynamic, Linear and non-linear, etc. and especially this Software is used to analyze and design the buildings. Our project
“Analysis and Design of Commercial building using ETABS software” is an attempt to analyze and design a commercial building using
ETABS. A G+5 storey building is considered for this study. Analysis is carried out by static method and design is done as per IS
456:2000 guidelines. Also an attempt has been made to design the structural elements manually. Drawing and detailing are done using
Auto CAD as per SP 34.

Index Terms—E-Tabs, Buildings, Structural Analysis AUTO CADD

I.INTRODUCTION
Major advances in both design and new and designing practically all types of structures viz. RISA,
material assisted roman architecture. Design was STAADPRO, ETABS, STRUDL, MIDAS, SAP and
enhanced architectural developments in the construction RAM etc.
of arches and roof domes. Arches improved the efficiency ETABS is the present day leading design software in
and capability of bridges and aqueducts (fewer supports the market. Many design company’s use this software for
columns were needed to support the structure), while their project design purpose. So, this paper mainly deals
domed roofs not only permitted the building of larger with the comparative analysis of the results obtained from
open areas undercover, but also lent the exterior an the analysis of a multi storied building structure when
impressive. . he social unit that lives in a house is known analysed manually and using ETABS software. Structural
as a household. Most commonly, a household is family response to earthquake depends on Dynamic
unit of a same kind, though households can be other social characteristics of the structures and intensity, duration and
groups, such as single person, or groups of unrelated frequency content of existing ground motion. Structural
individuals. Settled agrarian and industrial societies are analysis means determination of the general shape and all
composed of household units living permanently in the specific dimensions of a particular structure so that it
housing of various types, according to a variety of farms perform the function for which it is created and will safely
of lands tenure. English-speaking people generally call withstand the influences which will act on it throughout
any building there routinely occupy “home”. Many people its useful life.
leave their houses during the day for work and recreation,
and return to them to sleep or for other activities. II. LITERATURE SURVEY
The term building in Civil Engineering is used to Varalakshmi V et.al (2014) analyzed a
mean a structure having various components like G+5 storey residential building and designed the various
foundation, walls, columns, floors, roofs, doors, windows, components like beam, slab, column and foundation. The
ventilators, stairs lifts, various types of surface finishes loads namely dead load and live load were calculated as
etc. Structural analysis and design is used to produce a per IS 875(Part I & II)-1987 and HYSD bars i.e. Fe 415
structure capable of resisting all applied loads without are used as per IS 1986- 1985. They concluded that the
failure during its intended life. Prior to the analysis and safety of the reinforced concrete building depends upon
design of any structure, necessary information regarding the initial architectural and structural configuration of the
supporting soil has to be collected by means of total building, the quality of the structural analysis, design
geotechnical investigation. A geotechnical site and reinforcement detailing of the building frame to
investigation is the process of collecting information and achieve stability of elements and their ductile
evaluating the conditions of the site for the purpose of performance.
designing and constructing the foundation for a structure. Chandrashekar et.al (2015) analyzed and designed the
Structural engineers are facing the challenges of striving multi-storeyed building by using ETABS software. A G+5
for most efficient and economical design with accuracy in storey building under the lateral loading effect of wind
solution while ensuring that the final design of a building and earthquake was considered for this study and analysis
and the building must be serviceable for its intended is done by using ETABS. They have also considered the
function over its design life time. Now a days various chances of occurrence of spread of fire and the importance
software packages are available in market for analyzing of use of fire proof material up to highest possible

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International Journal of Advanced Scientific Technologies in Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS-ISSN: 2454-356X) Volume.5,Issue.1,January.2019

standards of performance as well as reliability. They techniques of ETABS are specifically designed to take
suggested that the wide chances of ETABS software advantage of the unique physical and numerical
which is very innovative and easier for high rise buildings characteristics associated with building type structures.
so that time incurred for designing is reduced. On ETABS we can analyse and design any shape of
Balaji.U and Selvarasan M.E (2016) worked on R.C.C buildings like rectangular, T, C, L and I-shape. In
analysis and design of multi-storeyed building under static this project, we mainly emphasizes on structural
and dynamic loading conditions using ETABS. In this behaviour of multi-storey building for different plan
work a G+13 storey residential building was studied for configurations like T-shape and L-shape. Modelling of 10-
the earth quake loads using ETABS. They assumed that storeys R.C.C. framed building is done on the ETABS
material property to be linear, static and dynamic analyses Software for analysis. Post analysis of the structure,
were performed. The non-linear analysis was carried out maximum shear forces, bending moments, and maximum
by considering severe seismic zones and the behaviour storey displacement are computed and then compared for
was assessed by considering type II soil condition. all the analyzed cases.
Different results like displacements, base shear were
plotted and studied. III. PROPOSED METHOD
Geethuet.al(2016) made a comparative study on ETABS is an engineering software
analysis and design of multi storied building by product that caters to multi-story building analysis and
STAAD.Pro and ETABS softwares. They provided the design. Modeling tools and templates, code-based load
details of both residential and commercial building design. prescriptions, analysis methods and solution techniques,
The planning was made in accordance with the national all coordinate with the grid-like geometry unique to this
building code and drafted using Auto CAD software. class of structure. Basic or advanced systems under static
They concluded that while comparing both software or dynamic conditions may be evaluated using ETABS.
results, ETABS software shows higher values of bending For a sophisticated assessment of seismic performance,
moment and axial force. modal and direct-integration time-history analyses may
Ragy Jose, - Structural Analysis is a branch which couple with P-Delta and Large Displacement effects.
involves in the determination of behaviour of structures in Nonlinear links and concentrated PMM or fiber hinges
order to predict the responses of different structural may capture material nonlinearity under monotonic or
components due to effect of loads. Each and every hysteretic behavior. Intuitive and integrated features make
structure will be subjected to either one or the groups of applications of any complexity practical to implement.
loads, the various kinds of loads normally considered are Interoperability with a series of design and documentation
dead load, live load, earth quake load and wind load. platforms makes ETABS a coordinated and productive
ETABS (Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of tool for designs which range from simple 2D frames to
Building System) is a software which is incorporated with elaborate modern high-rises.
all the major analysis engines that is static, dynamic, The innovative and revolutionary new ETABS is the
Linear and non-linear, etc. and especially this Software is ultimate integrated software package for the structural
used to analyze and design the buildings. Our project analysis and design of buildings. Incorporating 40 years of
“Analysis and Design of Commercial building using continuous research and development, this latest ETABS
ETABS software” is an attempt to analyze and design a offers unmatched 3D object based modeling and
commercial building using ETABS. A G+3 storey visualization tools, blazingly fast linear and nonlinear
building is considered for this study. Analysis is carried analytical power, sophisticated and comprehensive design
out by static method and design is done as per IS capabilities for a wide-range of materials, and insightful
456:2000 guidelines. Also an attempt has been made to graphic displays, reports, and schematic drawings that
design the structural elements manually. Drawing and allow users to quickly and easily decipher and understand
detailing are done using Auto CAD as per SP 34. analysis and design results.
C.V.S. Lavanya in purpose of this software is to From the start of design conception through the
design multistoried building in a systematic process. The production of schematic drawings, ETABS integrates
effective design and construction of earthquake resistant every aspect of the engineering design process. Creation
structures have great importance all over the world. This of models has never been easier - intuitive drawing
project presents multistoried residential building analyzed commands allow for the rapid generation of floor and
and designed with lateral loading effect of earthquake elevation framing. CAD drawings can be converted
using ETABS. This project is designed as per INDIAN directly into ETABS models or used as templates onto
CODES- IS 1893-part2:2002, IS 456:2000. This analysis which ETABS objects may be overlaid. The state-of-the-
is carried out by considering severe seismic zones and art SAP Fire 64-bit solver allows extremely large and
behaviour is assessed by taking type-II Soil condition. complex models to be rapidly analyzed, and supports
GOLAKOTI SURYA KARTEEK ETABS stands for nonlinear modeling techniques such as construction
Extended Three dimensional Analysis of Building sequencing and time effects (e.g., creep and shrinkage).
Systems. ETABS is commonly used to analyze: Design of steel and concrete frames (with automated
Skyscrapers, parking garages, steel & concrete structures, optimization), composite beams, composite columns, steel
low and high rise buildings, and portal frame structures. joists, and concrete and masonry shear walls is included,
ETABS was used to create the mathematical model of the as is the capacity check for steel connections and base
BurjKhalifa, designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill plates. Models may be realistically rendered, and all
LLP (SOM). The input, output and numerical solution results can be shown directly on the structure.

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International Journal of Advanced Scientific Technologies in Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS-ISSN: 2454-356X) Volume.5,Issue.1,January.2019

Comprehensive and customizable reports are available for Ta=0.075 h0.75 for RC frame building
all analysis and design output, and schematic construction Ta=0.085 h0.75
drawings of framing plans, schedules, details, and cross- For steel frame buildings
sections may be generated for concrete and steel h = Height of building, in m. This excludes the
structures. basement storeys, where basement walls are connected
ETABS provides an unequaled suite of tools for with the ground floor deck or fitted between the building
structural engineers designing buildings, whether they are columns. But it includes the basement storeys, when they
working on one-story industrial structures or the tallest are not so connected. The approximate fundamental
commercial high-rises. Immensely capable, yet easy-to- natural period of vibration (T,), in seconds, of all other
use, has been the hallmark of ETABS since its buildings, including moment-resisting frame buildings
introduction decades ago, and this latest release continues with brick lintel panels, may be estimated by the empirical
that tradition by providing engineers with the Expression:
technologically-advanced, yet intuitive, software they
require to be their most productive. T=.09H/√D
Where,
3.2 Loads Considered: h= Height of building
3.2.1 Dead Loads: d= Base dimension of the building at the plinth
All permanent constructions of the structure form level, in m, along the considered direction of the
the dead loads. The dead load comprises of the weights of lateral force.
walls, partitions floor finishes, false ceilings, false floors
and the other permanent constructions in the buildings. Distribution of Design Force
The dead load loads may be calculated from the Vertical Distribution of Base Shear to
dimensions of various members and their unit weights. the Different Floor Level
unit weights of plain concrete and reinforced concrete The design base shear (V) shall be distributed along the
made with sand and gravel or crushed natural stone height of the building as per the following expression:
aggregate may be taken as 24 kN/m” and 25 kN/m”
respectively.

3.2.2 Imposed Loads:

Imposed load is produced by the intended use or
occupancy of a building including the weight of movable Qi=Design lateral force at floor i,
partitions, distributed and concentrated loads, load due to Wi=Seismic weight of floor i,
impact and vibration and dust loads. Imposed loads do not hi=Height of floor i measured from base, and
include loads due to wind, seismic activity, snow, and n=Number of storeys in the building is the
loads imposed due to temperature changes to which the number of levels at which the masses are located.
structure will be subjected to, creep and shrinkage of the
structure, the differential settlements to which the Distribution of Horizontal Design Lateral Force
structure may undergo. to Different Lateral Force Resisting Elements in case of
3.2.3 Seismic Load: buildings whose floors are capable of providing rigid
3.2.3.1 Design Lateral Force horizontal diaphragm action, the total shear in any
The design lateral force shall first be computed horizontal plane shall be distributed to the various
for the building as a whole. This design lateral force shall vertical elements of lateral force resisting system,
then be distributed to the various floor levels. The overall assuming the floors to be infinitely rigid in the horizontal
design seismic force thus obtained at each floor level shall plane. In case of building whose floor diaphragms cannot
then be distributed to individual lateral load resisting be treated as infinitely rigid in their own plane, the lateral
elements depending on the floor diaphragm action. shear at each floor shall be distributed to the vertical
3.2.3.2 Design Seismic Base Shear elements resisting the lateral forces, considering the in-
The total design lateral force or design seismic plane flexibility of the diagram.
base shear (Vb) along any principal direction shall be
determined by the following expression: Dynamic Analysis-
Vb = Ah W Dynamic analysis shall be performed to
Where, obtain the design seismic force, and its distribution to
Ah = horizontal acceleration spectrum different levels along the height of the building and to the
W = seismic weight of all the floors various lateral load resisting elements, for the following
Buildings
Fundamental Natural Period a) Regular buildings -Those greater than 40 m in height
The approximate fundamental natural period of in Zones IV and V and those Greaterthan 90 m in height
vibration (T,), in seconds, of a moment-resisting frame in Zones II and 111.
building without brick in the panels may be estimated by b) Irregular buildings – All framed buildings higher than
the empirical expression: 12m in Zones IV and V and thosegreater than 40m in
height in Zones 11 and III.

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International Journal of Advanced Scientific Technologies in Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS-ISSN: 2454-356X) Volume.5,Issue.1,January.2019

The analytical model for dynamic analysis of buildings building

with unusual configuration should be such that it
adequately models the types of irregularities present in the
building configuration. Buildings with plan irregularities
cannot be modelled for dynamic analysis.
For irregular buildings, lesser than 40 m in height in
Zones 11and III, dynamic analysis, even though not
mandatory, is recommended. Dynamic analysis may be
performed either by the Time History Method or by the
Response Spectrum Method. However, in either method,
the design base shear (VB) shall be compared with a base
shear (VB)

Time History Method-

Time history method of analysis shall be based on an
appropriate ground motion and shall be performed using
accepted principles of dynamics.
4.2 Material Property:
Response Spectrum Method- In this study use M25 grade concrete and Fe 500
Response spectrum method of analysis shall be performed grade of steel for design.
using the design spectrum specified, or by a site-specific
design spectrum mentioned.

3.3 PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF BUILDING:

 Live load on the floors is 4 kN/m2
 Live load on the roof is 1.5 kN/m2
 Column = 0.23 * 0.45 m
 Beams = 0.5 * 0.3 m
 All slabs = 0.125 m thick
Parapet = 0.115 m thick
IV.MODELING AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Modeling:

Fig 4.4: Define Material Property

4.3 Section Properties:

Size of column used in this study is 230x450 mm
and size of the beam is 230x500 mm. The size of the
plinth beam is 230x300 mm.

Fig 4.1: Plan of the building

Fig 4.5: Define Beam Section Property

Fig 4.2: Elevation of the

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International Journal of Advanced Scientific Technologies in Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS-ISSN: 2454-356X) Volume.5,Issue.1,January.2019

Fig 4.6: Define Column Section Property

Fig 4.9: Define Wind Load Cases

Wind Pressure Calculation:
Design Wind Pressure PZ = 0.6*(VZ2)
Design Wind Speed Vz = Vb*K1*K2*K3
Risk Coefficient Factor “K1” = 1.08
(IS: 875-1987(part3), sec 5.3.1, Table -1)
Terrain & Height Factor “K2” = varies with height (table
3.1)
(IS: 875-1987(part3), sec 5.3.2, Table -2)
According To Table -2“K2” = 1.1055
** “K2” Values are linearly interpolated *Topography
Fig 4.7: Define Slab Thickness Property Factor “K3” =1.00
4.4 Loads And Load Cases: (IS: 875-part-3, sec 5.3.3.1)
Basic Wind speed
In this study we consider the dead load, live load, VB=50 m/sec (Vizag)
wind load and seismic loads are consider to analyze the Design Wind Speed
residential building. The Dead load of the building is Vz = Vb*K1*K2*K3 = 50*1.08*1.1055*1.00*1 =
considered from IS 875 – Part-1. Live load of the building 59.697m/sec
was considered from IS 875 – Part-2. Design Wind Pressure PZ = 0.6 (VZ2) = 0.6* (59.697)2 =
2.13 KN/m2

Fig 4.8: Define Load Cases

The Seismic weight of the buildig was claculated as per IS Fig 4.10: 3D- Modeling of the Building
1893-2002.
V.ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

Fig 4.9: Define Earth Quake Load Cases Fig 5.1 Deform Shape of the Building

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International Journal of Advanced Scientific Technologies in Engineering and Management Sciences (IJASTEMS-ISSN: 2454-356X) Volume.5,Issue.1,January.2019

engineer in designing up to the architectural drawing were

also understood.

REFERENCES
[1]. Reinforced Concrete Design- N. Krishna Raju and R.N.
Pranesh
[2]. Limit State Theory And Design Of Reinforced Concrete- Dr.
V. L. Shah and Dr. S. R.Karve
[3]. Theory Of Structures- S Ramamrutham.
[4]. Limit State Design- Dr. Ramchandra
[5]. IS. 456: 2000, Indian Standard Plain and Reinforced
Fig 5.2: Bending Moment of the Beams Concrete - Code of Practice, Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi.
[6]. IS: 875 (Part I) - 1987, Indian Standard Code of Practice for
Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) (Dead Loads) for
Buildings and Structures, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi.
[7]. IS: 875 (Part 2) - 1987, Indian Standard Code of Practice for
Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) (Imposed Loads) for
Buildings and Structures, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi.
[8]. IS: 875 (Part 3) - 1987, Indian Standard Code of practice for
design loads (other than earthquake) (Wind Loads) for
Fig 5.3: Bending Moment of the Columns buildings and structures, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi.
[9]. IS 1893 (Part 1):2002, Indian Standard Criteria for
Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi.

Fig 5.4: Shear Force of the Beams

Fig 5.5: Shear Force of the Columns

VI. CONCLUSION
Analysis and design of a residential
building having G+5 storeys is done. Analysis is done by
using the software ETABS V9.2, which proved to be
premium of great potential in analysis and design of
various sections. The structural elements like RCC frame,
and retaining walls are also provided. As per the soil
investigation report, an isolated footing is provided. The
design of RCC frame members like beam and column was
done using ETABS. The analysis and design was done
according to standard specifications to the possible
extend. The various difficulties encountered in the design
process and the various constraints faced by the structural

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