9TH Bridge Course Notes SST
9TH Bridge Course Notes SST
9TH Bridge Course Notes SST
SOCIAL SCIENCE
CLASS: 9
The primary sector economic activities are agriculture and forestry, animal husbandry, fishing,
poultry farming, and mining.
The secondary sector economic activities include manufacturing of goods.
The tertiary sector economic activities include trade, transport, communication, banking, insurance,
education, healthcare and tourism.
Economic activities are activities that involve the production and consumption of products and
services for monetary benefit.
Non-economic activity is defined as an activity carried out happily with the goal of giving services
without regard for monetary gain.
DAY 6: RESOURCES
Resources are anything that has utility and adds value to your life. Air, water, food, plants,
animals, minerals, metals, and everything else that exists in nature and has utility to mankind is a
'Resource'.
Conservation is the care and protection of these resources so that they can persist for future
generations. It includes maintaining diversity of species, genes, and ecosystems, as well as functions
of the environment, such as nutrient cycling.
DAY 7: POOR AND POVERTY
Different way to measure poverty:
1. Expenditure methods: In this method, the poverty line is estimated by using the expenditure of
the person as a minimum level of food requirement, clothing, footwear, etc.
2. Consumption method: A minimum nutritional food requirement is measured and energy obtained
from this food is measured in calories. If the calories requirement is not fulfilled then the person is
considered to be below the poverty line. It is 2100 for urban area and 2400 for rural areas.
Reason of poverty in India:
1. High population growth rate
2. High level of illiteracy
3. Poor health care facilities
4. Lack of access to financial resources
5. Large family size etc.
1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the
National Anthem;
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India;
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India
transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices
derogatory to the dignity of women;
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to
have compassion for living creatures;
8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation
constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement;
11. Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case
may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years.
1. End of King Rule in Germany: In November 1918 Germany became a republic the German
Emperor named Kaiser William II had to flee to Holland.
2. Majority of the people faced unemployment
3. The famine was one of the major consequence of the war
4. The USA emerged as a superpower.
5. Japan emerged as a powerful country in Asia.
6. Formation of USSR in 1922 was the outcome of the WWI. The emergence of the USA as a
superpower.
7. The European supremacy started to end.
8. Yugoslavia, Poland and Czechoslovakia attained independence.
9. In Turkey, the rule of Ottomans ended.
The major causes of World War II were numerous. They include the impact of the Treaty of Versailles
following WWI, the worldwide economic depression, failure of appeasement, the rise of
militarism in Germany and Japan, and the failure of the League of Nations.