Referencing: some FAQs Information on the K102 website

Do the block introductions, topics and end-of-week activities on the

What is an in-text citation?
K102 website have a publication date?
An in-text citation is like a signpost. It points
This presentation of K102 begins in October 2021. We suggest using ‘2021’ as
to a reference at the end of your
the publication year in references to information in the block introductions,
assignment. The reference identifies a
topics and end-of-week activities on the K102 website. We followed the
source you have used to inform your work.
example in Tutors’ lecture notes in VLEs in Cite Them Right (‘Digital &
For example, the in-text citation (NHS, 2019)
Internet’) to reference the ‘Week 3 Review activity’, e.g.
will show your tutor you have used
information published by the NHS. The The Open University (2021) ‘Week 3 Review activity’. K102: Introducing health
and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/
reference listed at the end of your work will
view.php?id=1779515 (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
then help your tutor to find the source, e.g.
NHS (2019) 5 steps to mental wellbeing. Available Topic numbers are repeated in each block in K102. There are six
at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stress- topics called ‘Topic 1’! How will my tutor know which block I’m
anxiety-depression/improve-mental-wellbeing/ working in when I reference a topic?
(Accessed: 1 September 2021). We suggest including block number, topic number, and section number
Visit the Cite Them Right database, choose Basics and select Setting out details when referencing information in a K102 topic. This will help your tutor
citations to find more information. The ‘Cite Them Right’ section at the end to easily find the relevant topic, e.g.
of this guide shows how to find the database. The Open University (2021) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: 3.1 ‘What matters to you?’ day’.
K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at:
Do I include page numbers in my in-text citations? https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779504&section=4.1
If you are referencing a source which has page numbers, such as the K102 (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
reader, Cite Them Right recommends including this information whenever The Open University (2021) ‘Block 2, Topic 1: 3.1 Stages for ages, plays, parts
you quote from a text, or refer to an idea in your work. For example, if you and drama’. K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at:
https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779536&section=4.1
quote some text from ‘Chapter 10 Psychosocial stages summary’ by S.
(Accessed: 3 September 2021).
McLeod in the K102 reader, add the relevant page number or numbers to
The Open University (2021) ‘Block 3, Topic 1: 3.1 Vulnerability and risks in
your in-text citation, e.g. (McLeod, 2018, p. 79). If the text you are quoting different contexts’. K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at:
covers more than one page use ‘pp.’ to indicate this, e.g. (McLeod, 2018, pp. https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779565&section=4.1
80–81). Visit the Cite Them Right database, choose Basics and select Setting (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
out citations to find more information.

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How do I reference audio and video recordings in K102? Cooper, M. (no date) ‘Chapter 1 The hospital’, in The Open University (ed.)
Some K102 activities, such as ‘Activity 1.1.1 Tasks and attributes’ and K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton Keynes: The Open
University, pp. 11–19.
‘Activity 1.1.3 ‘What can I do to make this better for her?’’ in Block 1, Topic 1
Farrah, M. (no date) ‘Chapter 4 The different roles of a support worker’, in The
contain video and audio recordings. We suggest using the title of the activity
Open University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton
to identify a recording, e.g. Keynes: The Open University, pp. 43–47.
The Open University (2021) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: Video 1.1.1 Tasks and attributes’. Gladstone, J., Fitzgerald, K.-A. and Brown, R. (2013) ‘Chapter 2 Social workers’
K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at: use of power in relationships with grandparents in child welfare settings’, in
https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779504&section=2 The Open University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader.
(Accessed: 3 September 2021). Milton Keynes: The Open University, pp. 21–30.
The Open University (2021) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: Audio 1.1.3 ‘What can I do to Gunaratnam, Y. (no date) ‘Chapter 19 ‘Unwitting’ racism and rise in abuse
make this better for her?’’. K102: Introducing health and social care. Available makes it harder for NHS staff to do their job’, in The Open University (ed.)
at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779504& K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton Keynes: The Open
section=2.4 (Accessed: 3 September 2021). University, pp. 155–158.
Howard League for Penal Reform (no date) ‘Chapter 9 Ten years after the
K102 readings Corston Report, is this the end of successful women’s centres?’, in The Open
University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton
Which publication date do I use to reference readings in the K102 Keynes: The Open University, pp. 71–75.
reader?
Iriss (2010) ‘Chapter 22 Improving support for black and minority ethnic (BME)
K102 readings are presented in a collection called K102: Introducing health carers’, in The Open University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a
and social care: a reader. Information at the beginning of the reader shows reader. Milton Keynes: The Open University, pp. 163–165.
that this edition was published by The Open University in 2021. McLeod, S. (2018) ‘Chapter 10 Psychosocial stages summary’, in The Open
University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton
The readings are reprints of material originally published in books, journals
Keynes: The Open University, pp. 77–79.
or on websites. A note at the beginning of some readings shows where and
Social Care Institute for Excellence (no date) ‘Chapter 13 Safeguarding adults:
when it was originally published. For example, the edited text in Chapter 2
Types and indicators of abuse’, in The Open University (ed.) K102: Introducing
was originally published in The British Journal of Social Work in 2013. health and social care. Milton Keynes: The Open University, pp. 95–106.
Rather than giving the publication date of the collection and the original Wright, J. and Potter, K. (no date) ‘Chapter 12 From survival to safeguarding: A
publication date, we suggest using the original publication date to reference history of child protection’, in The Open University (ed.) K102: Introducing
health and social care: a reader. Milton Keynes: The Open University, pp. 87–
a reading. Use ‘no date’ if a reading is undated. 94.
We followed the example in Chapters or sections of edited books in Cite Yuill, C., Gibson, A. and Thorpe, C. (no date) ‘Chapter 17 Sociology for social
Them Right (‘Books’) to reference this information, e.g. work – an overview’, in The Open University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and
social care: a reader. Milton Keynes: The Open University, pp. 119–144.

2
Chapter 3 in the K102 reader has six authors! Do I name them all in Begin with the letter ‘a’ and, in the order in which the in-text citations
my in-text citation and reference? appear in your work, add a different letter, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’ etc. to each one. The
Cite Them Right recommends using et al. (‘and others’) in an in-text citation in-text citations will now look like this: (The Open University, 2021a), (The
when a source of information has more than three author names. For Open University, 2021b), The Open University (2021c), (The Open University,
example, if you are citing Chapter 12 by Jane Wright and Kate Potter, or 2021d) and (The Open University 2021e). Please remember to add the same
Chapter 17 by Chris Yuill, Alastair Gibson and Chris Thorpe, name each letter to the corresponding reference, e.g.
author in your in-text citation, e.g. (Wright and Potter, no date), or (Yuill, The Open University (2021a) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: Video 1.1.4 Doing the tasks’.
Gibson and Thorpe, no date). If you are citing Chapter 3 by Sarah Knowles, K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at:
Ryan Combs, Sue Kirk, May Griffiths, Neesha Patel and Caroline Sanders in https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779504&section=2.5
(Accessed: 3 September 2021).
your work, name the first author in your in-text citation and then add et al.
(Knowles et al., no date). It is optional whether you name all the authors in The Open University (2021b) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: 2 Power in care relationships’.
K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at:
your reference, e.g.
https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779504&section=3
Knowles, S. et al. (no date) ‘Chapter 3 Hidden caring, hidden carers? Exploring (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
the experience of carers for people with long-term conditions’, in The Open The Open University (2021c) ‘Block 1, Topic 2: Video 1.2.2 The cost of an ageing
University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton population’. K102: Introduction to health and social care. Available at:
Keynes: The Open University, pp. 31–42. https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779506&section=2.1
Visit the Cite Them Right database, choose Basics and select Setting out (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
citations to find this information. The Open University (2021d) ‘Block 1, Topic 2: Video 1.2.5 Louise’s story’. K102:
Introducing health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/
mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779506&section=3.2 (Accessed: 3 September
Identical in-text citations 2021).

My in-text citations all look the same! What do I do? The Open University (2021e) ‘Block 1, Topic 2: ‘2.2 Community-based care’.
K102: Introducing health and social care. Available at:
Much of the material in K102 is credited to the corporate author ‘The Open
https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779506&section=3.2
University’. If you reference more than one item in a K102 topic, your in-text (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
citations will all look the same. For example, suppose you decide to
Visit the Cite Them Right database, choose Basics and select Setting out
reference information in ‘Video 1.1.4 Doing the tasks’, and section ‘2 Power
citations to find this information.
in care relationships’ in Block 1, Topic 1. You then reference information in
‘Video 1.2.2 The cost of an ageing population’, ‘Video 1.2.5 Louise’s story’
and section ‘2.2 Community-based care’ in Block 1, Topic 2. Each in-text
citation will all appear as (The Open University, 2021) and your tutor will not
be able to match it to the relevant reference.
3
Secondary referencing Compiling a list of references
What is a secondary reference? How do I arrange my references?
Some K102 topics quote information from books, journal articles or websites. Please arrange your reference list in alphabetical order by author name, e.g.
For instance, ‘Topic 2 Migration and human growth and development’ in
References
Block 2 opens with a quotation from an article by Gordon Jack published in Cooper, M. (no date) ‘Chapter 1 The hospital’, in The Open University (ed.) K102:
The British Journal of Social Work in 2000. If you would like to refer to the Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton Keynes: The Open University, pp.
quote in an assignment, a secondary reference shows you are working from 11–19.
K102 rather than The British Journal of Social Work. Eley, A. (2021) ‘Social care charges: Disabled and vulnerable adults hit by steep rises’,
BBC News, 24 August. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-58259678
Other than the details given in the introduction to Topic 2, you do not (Accessed: 1 September 2021).
need to provide any further information about Gordon Jack’s article.
Gladstone, J., Fitzgerald, K.-A. and Brown, R. (2013) ‘Chapter 2 Social workers’ use of
Reference the quote in same way you would reference other information in a power in relationships with grandparents in child welfare settings’, in The Open
K102 topic, e.g. University (ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton Keynes:
The Open University, pp. 21–30.
The Open University (2021) ‘Block 2, Topic 2: Introduction’. K102: Introduction
to health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/ Knowles, S. et al. (no date) ‘Chapter 3 Hidden caring, hidden carers? Exploring the
oucontent/view.php?id=1779538 (Accessed: 3 September 2021). experience of carers for people with long-term conditions’, in The Open University
(ed.) K102: Introducing health and social care: a reader. Milton Keynes: The Open
An in-text citation to a secondary reference contains some extra details. As University, pp. 31–42.
well as identifying the source containing the quote, it also acknowledges the
Lennon, E. (2021) ‘Inclusive language in health and care: why the words we use
author or organisation being quoted. Please include the year the information matter’, The King’s Fund Blog, 19 August. Available at:
was originally published, and add ‘quoted in’ to indicate you are not https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/blog/2021/08/inclusive-language-health-and-care
referencing information from the original source, e.g. (Accessed: 1 September 2021).
The Open University (2021a) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: Video 1.1.4 Doing the tasks’. K102:
Jack (2000, quoted in The Open University, 2021) describes how people
Introducing health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/
support each other through ‘webs of interconnected relationships’.
oucontent/view.php?id=1779504&section=2.5 (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
Visit Cite Them Right, choose Basics and select How do I reference a source
The Open University (2021b) ‘Block 1, Topic 1: 2 Power in care relationships’. K102:
quoted in another author’s work? (secondary referencing) to find this Introducing health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/
information. oucontent/view.php?id=1779504&section=3 (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
The Open University (2021c) ‘Block 1, Topic 2: Video 1.2.2 The cost of an ageing
population’. K102: Introduction to health and social care. Available at:
https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=1779506&section=2.1
(Accessed: 3 September 2021).

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The Open University (2021d) ‘Block 1, Topic 2: Video 1.2.5 Louise’s story’. K102: Wallace, A. (2019) Signpost, England. Available at: https://pixabay.com/
Introducing health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/ photos/signpost-england-sign-tourism-4147165/ (Accessed: 1 September
oucontent/view.php?id=1779506&section=3.2 (Accessed: 3 September 2021). 2021).
The Open University (2021e) ‘Block 1, Topic 2: 2.2 Community-based care’. K102: The ‘Cite Them Right (CTR)’ section of the ‘Referencing and plagiarism’ page
Introducing health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/mod/ on the Library website also contains a link to a Quick guide to Harvard
oucontent/view.php?id=1779506&section=3.2 (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
referencing. This short guide shows how to reference information from a
NHS (2019) 5 steps to mental wellbeing. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/ small selection of sources, books, journal articles, web pages, and a module
conditions/stress-anxiety-depression/improve-mental-wellbeing/ (Accessed: 1
September 2021). forum, e.g.

Shimoni, S. (2021) ‘How COVID-19 exposed the systemic ageism at the heart of Rai, L. (2021) ‘Privacy and personal safety online’, Welcome forum, in K102:
Britain’, The Conversation, 11 June. Available at: https://theconversation.com/how- Introducing health and social care. Available at: https://learn2.open.ac.uk/
covid-19-exposed-the-systemic-ageism-at-the-heart-of-britain-162466 (Accessed: 1 mod/forumng/discuss.php?d=3708573 (Accessed: 3 September 2021).
September 2021).
Cite Them Right has various referencing styles. Which one should I
Visit the Cite Them Right database, choose Basics and select Sample text and
use?
reference list using the Harvard style to find more information.
We’re following the Harvard style in Cite Them Right. Select an option on the
Cite Them Right homepage (from ‘Books’ to ‘Comms’) to find guidance and
Cite Them Right example references. Please make sure the ‘Browse by referencing style’
Where do I find the Cite Them Right database? menu is set to ‘Harvard’.
The ‘Referencing and plagiarism’ page on the Library website includes a link
to Cite Them Right:

• Visit www.open.ac.uk/library
• Choose Help and support
• Select Referencing and plagiarism to find a link to Cite Them Right
Choose from the options on the Cite Them Right homepage (from ‘Books’
to ‘Comms’) to find example references for printed, online, and unpublished
sources of information. For example, select ‘Digital & Internet’ to reference
information posted on Facebook, Twitter, and other social media platforms.
Choose ‘Media & Art’ to reference newspaper articles, radio and television
programmes, podcasts, YouTube videos, postcards, PowerPoint
presentations and even photographs, e.g. Prepared by the K102 Academic liaison librarian (September 2021).