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Project of MAA 1

The document summarizes a student project to control a stepper motor using an 8051 microcontroller. It includes a components list, descriptions of the stepper motor, 8051 microcontroller, L293D motor driver IC, and circuit diagram. The project uses an 8051 microcontroller to send control signals to the L293D driver via its ports. The L293D then drives the stepper motor accordingly, and a switch is used to control the motor's rotation direction by changing the input to one of the microcontroller's ports.

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Pranil Kamble
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230 views21 pages

Project of MAA 1

The document summarizes a student project to control a stepper motor using an 8051 microcontroller. It includes a components list, descriptions of the stepper motor, 8051 microcontroller, L293D motor driver IC, and circuit diagram. The project uses an 8051 microcontroller to send control signals to the L293D driver via its ports. The L293D then drives the stepper motor accordingly, and a switch is used to control the motor's rotation direction by changing the input to one of the microcontroller's ports.

Uploaded by

Pranil Kamble
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Stepper motor with microcontroller

8051
MICROPROJECT

REPORT

DIPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

TELECOMMUNICATION

INSTITUTE OF CIVIL AND RURAL ENGINEERING ,

GARGOTI

( GOVT – AIDED )

1
SUBMITTED TO = SUBMITTED BY

DIPARTMENT OF Mayur Sutar


ELECTRONICS Navjot Kamble
AND Pranil Kamble
TELICOMMUNICATION Parth Nilam
Chinmay Kore

2
PROJECT TEME MEMBERS

SR TEME MEMBERS ROLL SIGN


NO. NAME NO

1. Mayur Sutar 14
2. Navjot Kamble 01
3. Pranil Kamble 17
4. Parth Nikam 11
5 Chinmay Kore 09

3
CONTENTS

1 . Introduction
2 . Component List
3 . Stepper Motor
4 . 8051 MIcrocontroller
5 .L293D(Quadruple Half H-Bridge IC)
6 . Circuit Diagram
7 . FlowChart
8 . C Program

4
Introduction

This is a project of Stepper Motor controller


using microcontroller 8051. The Main Principle of
the project and its circuits is to rotate the stepper
motor step wise at a particular step angle.

The Project will be using a ULN2003 IC and the


L293D Motor Driver to drive the stepper motor as
the controller cannot required by the motor.

5
The Step angle is the
minimum degree of
rotation
associated with a
single step.
The Step angle is the
minimum degree of
rotation
associated with a
single step.
6
Components List

1.8051 Microcontroller
2. 8051 Development Board
3. L293D (Motor Driver)
4. Stepper Motor (Bipolar)
5.SPST Switch
6.Connectors

7
 STEPPER MOTORTOR
1 A Stepper motor is a widely used device
that translates electric pulse into mechanical
movement

2 Stepper motor is one of the commonly


used motors for precise angular movement.
The Advantage of using a stepper motor is
that the angular posion of the motor. It can be
controlled without any feedback Mechanism.
Stepper motors Are widely used in industrial
and commercial applications. They are also
commonly used as in drive systems of
autonomous robot

3 A stepper motor is an electric motor that


can perform a 360-degree rotate divided into
a number of steps. The number of steps diers
for various steppers motors. The micro-
stepping concept can be used in a stepper
motor to increase the number of steps and to
provide smooth rotate by elimining jerky
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behavior between each step. Two full-bridge
motor drivers can be connected to a stepper
motor to perform micro steps.

 Concepts Related to
Stepper Motor
 Step Angle

 The Step angle is


the minimum
degree of rotation
 associated with a
single step.

9
 The Step angle is
the minimum
degree of rotation
 associated with a
single step.
 The Step angle is
the minimum
degree of rotation
 associated with a
single step.
10
 The Step angle is
the minimum
degree of rotation
 associated with a
single step.
The Step angle is the minimum degree of rotate
associated with a single step.
 Steps per Second & rpm Relaon

Rpm*Steps per revolution


Steps per second =
60

 Motor Speed
The Speed of motor is measured in steps
per second(Steps/s) is a function of
Switchng Rate
11
 Types of Stepper Motor

Stepper Motor is mainly classied into 2 types:


1.Unipolar Stepper Motor
2.Bipolar Stepper Motor

1. Unipolar Stepper Motor


Unipolar stepper motors are characterized by
their center-tapped winding.

2. Bipolar Stepper Motor

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The Bipolar Stepper motor has 2 coils. The coils
are identical and are not electically connected.
You can identify the separate coils by touching the
terminals wires together. If the terminals of a coil
are connected,the coils becomes harder to turn.

 Step Sequence for bipolar


Stepper Motor

1. 4-Steps Wave Drive Sequence

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Steps 1a 1b 2a 2b

1 1 0 0 0

2 0 1 0 0

3 0 0 1 0

4 0 0 0 1

2 8-Steps (Half Steps) Sequence

Steps 1a 1b 2a 2b

U 1 0 0 0

1 1 1 0 0

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2 0 1 0 0

3 0 1 1 0

4 0 0 1 0

5 0 0 1 1

6 0 0 0 1

7 1 0 0 1

 8051 Microcontroller
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1.Features
 bit ALU.
 16 bit PC and DPTR.
 bit stack pointer and 8 bit PSW.
 4K internal ROM
 128 bytes of Internal RAM.
 32 bits arranged as four,8 bit ports PO-P3.
 Two 16 bit mer/counters, TO & T1.
 Full duplex serial Port.
 Control Registers TCON, TMOD,
SCON,PCON,IP,IE etc
 Two External and three internal interrupt
sources.
 0-12 MHz clock.
 40 pin DIP package.
 Powerful Instrucon set.

 Pin Diagram
16
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 L293D (Motor Driver IC)
L293D are quadruple high-current half-H Driver

Output Clamp Diodes for Inducve

Transient Suppression The L293D is designed to


provide bidireconal drive currents of up to 600-
mA at voltages from 4.5 V to 36 V.

All inputs are TTL compable.

Drivers are enabled in pairs, with drivers 1 and 2


enabled by 1,2EN and drivers 3 and 4 enabled
by 3,4EN.

When an enable input is high, the associated


drivers are enabled and their outputs are acve
and in phase with their inputs.

18
When the enable input is low, those drivers are
disabled and their outputs are o and in the high
impedance state.

With the proper data inputs, each pair of drivers


forms a full-H (or bridge) reversible drive
suitable for solenoid or motor applicaons.

 Circuit Diagram

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 Hardware Description

Port1 of microcontroller is congured as output


port.
4 pins of port1 in connected with 4 input of the
L293D.
2 enable of the L293D is connected with the 5
Volts.
 Vcc of L293D is connected with 12Volts supply.
Vcc of L293D is connected with 5Volts supply.
Stepper Motor is connected with L293D.
Vcc is used as Motor Power Supply.
For changing direcon of rotaon, a SPST switch is
used,
Which is connected between port 2.0 and
Ground.
Port2 of Microcontroller is congured as Input
Port.
Switch is connected with pin 0 of the port2, As
we know ports of Microcontroller are Bit-
Addressable. So direction of rotation is depends
upon the status of pin 0 of port2.
When switch is connected with ground, pin 2.0
will get "0" as Input, So Motor will rotate in
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Clockwise Direcon. When switch is not
connected with ground, pin 2.0 will get "1" as
input, as pin 2.0 is congured as input port by
giving "1" to the pin. So motor will rotate in
Anticlockwise Direction.

 Flowchart

Start

Configure PORT1 as output


and PORT2 as input

Check if
pin2.0=0

Yes No

Rotate Rotate
Clockwise Anticlockwise

21

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