PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

2nd Quarter-Module 9
ANSWER SHEET

Name: MANDY J. PARCERO Section: SPARROW Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: ___________

General Instruction: Write your answers on the space provided on this paper. Use the modules as your
reference to answer each item. You may use additional sheet for your answer in case
you need it. Make sure to write your name and label your answers properly with the
module number and activity.

Let Us Practice (Page 22, Module 9)

Task B. Here’s a data gathered by Purok A City High School administration regarding the number of
Grade 7 parents who opted to receive printed copies of the learning modules. Fill out the boxes for total
and percentage. Then write a brief interpretation of the table.

Total Number of Parents who opted

Sections Number of to receive printed copies of Percentage (%)
Parents learning modules
7-A 30 6 20%
7-B 25 0 0%
7-C 32 16 50%
7-D 30 19 63.33%
Total 117 41 35.04%

Solution:

Interpretation:
The data showed that a section 7-D has a large total number of parents who opted to receive printed
copies of learning modules than other sections.

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 Task D. Here’s the data gathered from the survey on Study Habits conducted by the Grade 12 students
to the 150 Grade 7 students of Purok A City High School.

A Review Your Study Habits

Strongl Strongl Standar
Mean Verbal
y Agree Undecide Disagre y d
(X ) Interpretati
Agree (4) d (3) e (2) Disagre Deviati
on
(5) e (1) on ( SD)
The desk where I study is 90 30 10 5 15 30 34.82 Agree
always clear from
distractions.
I use earplugs to 10 50 30 20 40 30 15.81 Undecided
minimize distracting
sounds.
I study facing a wall. 15 35 30 20 50 30 13.69 Undecided

Solution:

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Let Us Practice More (Page 23, Module 9)
Task A. Solve the following problems completely as directed:
1. The values of y and their corresponding values of y are shown in the table below:

x 0 1 2 3 4

y 2 3 5 4 6

a. Find the least square regression line y = a x + b.

b. Estimate the value of y when x = 10.

2. Using the following summary data, perform a one-way analysis of variance using α=.01.

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 n mean sd

30 50.26 10.45

30 45.32 12.76

30 53.67 11.47

3. Sleep researchers decide to test the impact of REM sleep deprivation on a computerized assembly line
task. Subjects are required to participate in two nights of testing. On the nights of testing EEG, EMG,
EOG measures are taken. On each night of testing the subject is allowed a total of four hours of sleep.

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 However, on one of the nights, the subject is awakened immediately upon achieving REM sleep. On
the alternate night, subjects are randomly awakened at various times throughout the 4-hour total sleep
session. Testing conditions are counterbalanced so that half of the subject experience REM deprivation
on the first night of testing and half experience REM deprivation on the second night of testing. Each
subject after the sleep session is required to complete a computerized assembly line task. The task
involves five rows of widgets slowly passing across the computer screen. Randomly placed on a
one/five ratio are widgets missing a component that must be "fixed" by the subject. Number of missed
widgets is recorded. Compute the appropriate t-test for the data provided below.

CONTROL D D2
REM DEPRIVED
CONDITION

26 20 6 36

15 4 11 121

8 9 -1 1

44 36 8 64

26 20 6 36

13 3 10 100

38 25 13 169

24 10 14 196

17 6 11 121

29 14 15 225

Mean= 24.0 Mean = 14.7 D2 = 1069

S= 11.23486636 S = 10.53090689 D = 93
S2 = 126.22222222 S2 = 110.9

a. What is your computed answer?  tobs = 6.175

b. What would be the null hypothesis in this study? Lack of REM sleep will have no impact on performance of a
computer assemply line task; scores will not be any better or any worse.
c. What would be the alternate hypothesis? Lack of REM sleep will impact performance on a computer
assembly line task; scores will either be significantly better or worse.
d. What probability level did you choose and why? .05 In this case, I would be concerned about making a Type
II error. I would not want to say that lack of REM sleep has no impact on one's performance and then later
find out I was wrong.
e. What is your tcrit? tcrit = 2.262
f. Is there a significant difference between the two testing conditions? Yes, performance was significantly lower
after REM deprivation; the subjects make significantly more errors.
g. Interpret your answer. REM deprivation appears to significantly reduce performance on a computer assembly
line task (t=6.175, p < .001). You will notice that I reported the .001 as even at this level, the t obs was still in
the tail.

Let Us Reflect (Page 29, Module 9)

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Task A. Using the space below, write a reflective essay about your learning experience on using statistical
techniques in data analysis. Let your essay reveal how much you learned about each concept
behind each topic dealt with in this lesson. Express which concepts are the most understood,
slightly understood, and the least understood ones.

Using statistical techniques in data analysis is extremely beneficial for my research, which is related
to qualitative research, and several statistical measures used to analyze data are discussed and illustrated in
this module. The concept of computing the percentage, mean, and standard deviation was extremely
helpful to me in solving my dataset. This concept assists me in determining the mean, percentage, and
standard deviation of my data collected in surveys, among other things. This is the most understood
concept that I learned from the lesson. I'm not sure if this is considered a concept because this is mostly
about regression and correlation based on what I've learned from the topic, but this is the most
understandable concept that I learned because when you have the data, you should compute the mean,
which is the average or most common value in a collection of numbers. Then compute the standard
deviation, which is a statistic that measures a dataset's dispersion relative to its mean. And, if necessary, we
obtain the percentage of our dataset, which means that the result obtained by multiplying a number by a
percentage equals the rate times the base.

I slightly understand the scatter diagram concept. But the module taught me that a scatter diagram
is the simplest way to study the correlation between two variables or two values of each pair of variables
plotted on a graph (x & y axis) in the form of dots. The higher the degree of correlation, the closer the
points plotted are to the line. The more scattered the dots, the lower the degree of correlation between
variables. What makes this concept a little difficult for me to grasp is that I have a hard time placing or
plotting the x-value and y-value graphically. Plotting these values demonstrates the relationship between
the two given values. I understand the concept and it is simple to do. However, I need to learn more
because I easily forget its purpose. I'd also like to add something else. Hypothesis testing and statistical
tests are concepts that I also have a hazy understanding of because when I'm performing these tests, I
frequently forget how to do them and when it comes to determining whether the null hypothesis is rejected
or not, I immediately get it wrong because I haven't mastered this concept, but I understand it when I have
an example to help me remember how to do it.

Finally, the coefficient of correlation and simple linear regression analysis are the concepts that I
learned in this module that I found the most difficult to grasp. I don't really understand this concept, or, to
put it another way, I don't get it. Even though the module explains what it means, how to do it, and so on, I
still don't get it. Maybe I just need more time and someone to explain it to me because it's difficult to
understand if you don't have examples and someone to guide and correct you when you're learning it. I
understand that the coefficient of correlation quantifies the degree of correlation or relationship between
two sets of values. And simple linear regression analysis entails determining the relationship between a
dependent variable known as the predictor variable and one or more independent variables. But it's not
enough; I need more sources or anything else that will help me understand it quickly. I'm having a hard
time answering the activities that involve these concepts. I'm not sure how to respond to some of it because
the example provided is insufficient for me to answer the questions. The solutions or steps when solving an
equation are not really helpful, as you are aware. I don't understand it, and it's difficult to analyze.

However, I learned a lot from this module, which discusses "Data Analysis Using Statistical
Techniques," and it helped me a lot, especially in answering my modules. I will definitely use these
techniques in my future research and may revisit this lesson because, as we all know, we don't always
remember everything. I'm grateful to you for teaching me this lesson because I know it will be useful to me
in the future. The concepts I mentioned earlier are the ones that are really stuck in my head. Even though I
stated the least understood concept, I still understand and value the knowledge that I gain from it.

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
2nd Quarter-Module 10
ANSWER SHEET

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Name: MANDY J. PARCERO Section: SPARROW Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: ___________
General Instruction: Write your answers on the space provided on this paper. Use the modules as your
reference to answer each item. You may use additional sheet for your answer in case
you need it. Make sure to write your name and label your answers properly with the
module number and activity.

Let Us Try (Page 5-6, Module 10)

Task B. Read the statements at the left column and write your conclusion at the right column.
Situation Therefore, I conclude that….

1. You are attending your Math class at 3:00 P.M., Therefore, I conclude that the loud bang
and suddenly you heard a loud bang from the from the sky was probably just a thunder,
sky. which signifies that it is about to rain.

Therefore, I conclude that the reason why

2. You are about to open the door of your house they are arguing about my college plans was
when you heard your mom and dad arguing maybe because of my chosen university,
about your college plans. that it was too expensive or they didn’t like
my chosen course. And maybe I should talk
to them about it.
Therefore, I conclude that my teacher, who
3. You failed to remind your classmates at your
has instructed me about the matter, might
FB Group Chat (GC) to bring the materials for scold or get angry with me. And I and my
the coastal clean-up drive. classmates might end up borrowing each
other's materials at school.
4. Your teacher reminded you to study your
Therefore, I conclude that I’ll just visit my
previous lessons for the upcoming quarterly
deceased relative with my parents on the
exam. However, a close relative died in the day before the exams or day of burial, and
next town, who is scheduled to be buried on write an excuse letter so that I can still take
the same day of your exam. my exams and review my past lessons.
5. Your friend invited you to her birthday party.
Therefore, I conclude that my parents will
You failed to inform your parents because you worry about me because they don’t know
don’t have a cellphone load. where I went.

Guide Questions:
1. Reflect on your given conclusions, do you think it is valid? Explain your answer.
Yes, I think somehow that it is valid because I just based my conclusions on the probable
consequences that might happen after those given situations, and by using cognitive skills on how it
may end up.
2. In writing research conclusions, what factors should be considered?
There are several factors to consider when writing research conclusions, which include the
following: Avoid simply summarizing and drawing conclusions from a summary of results.
Following that, state your information in clear and simple language. Highlight the purpose of your
study, then explain how your findings differ from those of other studies. Next, instead of simply
repeating your results discussion, provide a synthesis of the arguments presented in the paper to
demonstrate how these converge to address the research problem and the overall objectives of your
study. Next, avoid using numerals, figures, or simply repeating the results, because the purpose of
this section of the research paper is not to present results or findings. The study's conclusions
emphasize inferences and implications. Finally, by indicating potential future research applications,
emphasizing the need for additional research, and demonstrating to the reader that you have a
thorough understanding of the research problem, please keep in mind that there are various ways
to format your conclusion. Depending on your institution's format, you can have it numbered or in
paragraphs.

Let Us Remember (Page 18-19, Module 10)

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Task A. Answer the following questions or complete the statements by writing the appropriate words or
phrases in the blanks.
Conclusions represent (1) INFERENCES drawn from the findings of the study. It should give the final
impression and it should summarize the learnings from the study. Strategies for writing effective
conclusions:
• Conclusions are intertwined with the introduction,
• Conclusions are inferences and generalizations based upon the (2) FINDINGS ,
• Conclusions should specifically answer the questions posed in the (3) STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM of your research study, and
• Conclusions should contain facts or (4) ACTUAL RESULTS from the inquiry or research studies.
(5) CONCLUSIONS should be clearly, concisely, and briefly stated. It should be original, accurate,
and not introduce new arguments, new ideas or information not related to your research study. It should
leave the reader with an interesting _(6) FINAL IMPRESSION, refer only to the subjects of your research
study, and contain categorical statements. Conclusions should not contain apologetic statements for
(7) UNRESOLVED PROBLEMS in the study.
A researcher should avoid the (8) RELUCTANCY on making conclusions and must not leave the task to
the readers. The (9) RESEARCHER should be the one best informed on the factors that critically influenced
the findings and conclusions.
Consider the following points to help ensure your conclusion is appropriate:
• Summarize the argument for your reader if the argument of your paper is (10) COMPLEX.
• Use the end of your paper to (11) DESCRIBE YOUR MAIN POINTS and explain their
significance if you have not yet explained the significance of your findings.
• Move from a detailed to a (12) GENERAL LEVEL of consideration that returns the topic to the
context provided by the introduction or within a new context that emerges from the data.
In drawing conclusion, you should avoid the following problems:
• Failure to be (13) CONCISE.
• Failure to comment on larger, more significant issues.
• Failure to reveal problems and (14) NEGATIVE RESULTS.
• Failure to provide a clear summary of what was learned.
• Failure to match the objectives of your research.
Resist the urge to (15) APOLOGIZE.

Let Us Assess (Page 19-20, Module 10)

Task A. Provide your conclusion covering all possible factors based on the given focus of a study.
Research Study: The canteen owner from your school conducted a research on possible reasons
on the decline in the number of students entering and buying in the canteen.

Our school canteen owner conducted research on possible reasons for the decline in the number of students
entering and buying from the canteen. They interviewed a lot of students in different grade levels. They
found out that the students think that the canteen is inefficient, the canteen owner provides unfriendly
service, the canteen does not have a clean location with an atmosphere that suits the students' tastes, and the
canteen is located far away from the students' classrooms. Additionally, the students' possible reasons for not
purchasing and going to the canteen include the following: they dislike the food in the canteen; they already
have food because their parents packed it for them; they are already full; they purchased food nearby before
going to school; they lack funds; they are saving money; their preferred foods are not available in the
canteen; the weather is inclement; and they dislike walking and going to the canteen alone. These are the
answers that they collected from the students as the possible reasons why students do not always visit the
canteen, as determined by the canteen owners' research.

Task C. Based on the findings of the study, draw the possible conclusions that would relate to the research
questions. Write your answers on the space provided.

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Research Questions:

1. What is the age group with the highest and the lowest number of workers?
The age group with the highest number of workers ranges between 31-45 and 46-60 years old. And
the age group with the lowest number of workers ranges between 18-30 years old.
2. Which employment sector has the highest and the lowest number of workers?
The employment sector with the highest number of workers is education, while the employment
sector with the lowest number of workers is agriculture.

Table 1
Employment Sector Age Group

18-30 31-45 46-60

Agriculture 10 25 20

Education 50 60 60

Health 15 40 35

Law 15 30 45

Manufacturing 40 45 40

Business 45 55 65

Others 35 40 30

Employment distribution of the working force in the city of Cadero.

Summary of Findings:

1. The age group with the highest number of workers ranges between 31-45 and 46-60 years old. And
the age group with the lowest number of workers ranges between 18-30 years old.
2. The employment sector with the highest number of workers is education, while the employment
sector with the lowest number of workers is agriculture.

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Conclusions:

1. With the given findings that was based on the table, it is concluded that employees who are quite
older or have earned many experiences are frequently hired compared to those whom had just
been graduated.
2. As a result, I conclude that many workers prefer to work on employment sector of education.
Perhaps because education plays a vital role in a country's socio-economic development but its
importance has also grown significantly with the rise of the global knowledge economy. And
nowadays it is the most in demand work. While the agricultural employment sector has the lowest
number of workers because many people dislike this job or are uninterested in it.

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
2nd Quarter-Module 11
ANSWER SHEET

Name: MANDY J. PARCERO Section: SPARROW Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: ___________

General Instruction: Write your answers on the space provided on this paper. Use the modules as your
reference to answer each item. You may use additional sheet for your answer in case
you need it. Make sure to write your name and label your answers properly with the
module number and activity.

Let Us Try (Page 5, Module 11)

Write TRUE if the statement is true, and FALSE otherwise.
___________ 1. Recommendations are based on the results of the study and may also be based
on your own convictions or prejudices.
___________ 2. The recommendations based on the findings and conclusions should be
realistic, feasible, and doable.
___________ 3. Recommendation in research paper can be defined as a critical suggestion
regarding the best course of action in a certain situation
___________ 4. The whole idea of a recommendation is to provide a beneficial guide that will
not only resolve certain issues but result in a beneficial outcome.
___________ 5. Recommendation must be concrete and specific. It should also connect to your
conclusion and explain how the solution you suggested can contribute to
solving problems you stated.
___________ 6. One of the purposes of writing recommendation is to provide suggestions to
create, alter or modify policies that serve as a guide in promulgating certain
regulations in various sectors of society.
___________ 7. Examining variables that are already included in your research study should
be used as recommendation for future research directions.
___________ 8. Things that are not discussed or are irrelevant to the study may be included in
writing recommendations.
___________ 9. Addressing research limitations of your research study should not be
recommended for future research studies.
___________ 10. The feasibility or viability of the proposed policy may be excluded when
writing policy recommendations.

Let Us Assess (Page 12-13, Module 11)

Task A. Read the statement at the left column and write your recommendation at the right column.

Situation I’ll recommend you to…

1. You failed in your post-test. I’ll recommend you to do a better review of your
previous lessons for the next test and focus more on
your studies.

2. You had a heated conversation with your friend. I’ll recommend you to be respectful and listen, because
maybe your friend just wants to be heard and to feel

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 important.

3. You are forgetful. I’ll recommend that you stay involved in activities that
can help to enhance both your mind and your body.
Always make a list of what's important or what you
don't want to forget.

4. You can’t sleep. I’ll recommend you to take your mind off any racing
thoughts, picture a relaxing scene, drink milk or listen
to soothing music/songs until you feel drowsy.

5. You’re stressed. I’ll recommend you to take a break, breathe and don't
panic. Unwind in a place full of tranquility and think
things through and as much as possible avoid stressing
yourself more and listen to some soothing tunes or
read a book.

Guide Questions:
1. Reflect on your given recommendations, do you think it is valid? Explain your answer.
Yes, it is valid in my opinion because it is what most people do and advise which provides great
motivation or results for others. Furthermore, the recommendations for all situations are realistic,
and most people, including professionals and experts, follow them. This is what I see on the internet
when people go through similar situations.
2. In writing research recommendations, what factors should be considered?
In writing research recommendations must be based on your research conclusions and limitations
that are aligned with the study's purpose and scope. It must be feasible, attainable, and specific. It
should also be written concisely and clearly. It should also relate to your conclusion and explain
how the solution you suggested can help to solve the problems you mentioned. Also, one of the
purposes of writing recommendations is to provide suggestions for creating, altering, or modifying
policies that serve as a guide in the promulgation of certain regulations in various sectors of society.
It can be defined as a critical suggestion about the best course of action in a given situation.
Furthermore, no one can write a review paper unless they have extensive knowledge of a particular
subject of interest. The most important factor, in my opinion, is subject knowledge.

Task B. Look for sample studies and identify the parts of the research paper asked in the table below. Then
answer the guide questions below.

SAMPLE 1

Research Title: The Clinical Effectiveness of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale) in Adults with Osteoarthritis

Research Questions Summary of Findings Conclusion Recommendation

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How effective is Two studies reported Evidence on the First, there is a need to
ginger in adults changes in pain effectiveness of ginger at identify the dose of ginger, as
with osteoarthritis intensity overtime, reducing the severity of well as the ingredient within
at improving the with a total of 110 joint pain in osteoarthritis the extract that is most
severity of joint subjects treated with was inconsistent across effective at reducing
pain? ginger extract and 96 studies. Small sample size, symptoms of osteoarthritis.
subjects treated with as well as the absence of a Until then, ginger should be
Ibuprofen 1.2 g/day. sample size calculation may administered at a daily dose
not have had sufficient of at least 1g, for a period of
power to detect a not less than 4 weeks. And
statistically significant lastly, it is important that
difference between the future trials utilize sensitive,
ginger and placebo groups. valid and reliable
instrumentation, such as the
WOMAC scale, so that the
outcome can be accurately
detected.

SAMPLE 2

Research Title: Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of guava leaf extract

Research Questions Summary of Findings Conclusion Recommendation

Is guava leaf extract The study found that In the clinical trial of With the effectiveness and
effective for Anti- the consecutive diabetic patient, it was safety of Guava Leaf tea, it is
hyperglycemic and ingestion of guava leaf demonstrated that guava recommended for individuals
Anti- tea with every meal leaf tea has a milder who are anxious about their
hyperlipidemic? improved reducing activity for high blood glucose and
hyperlipidemia, postprandial glucose control of sugar uptake. The
showing on increase in elevation than voglibose, a consecutive ingestion of
adiponectin level and typical Alpha G1. No Guava Leaf Tea with every
a decrease in HbAsc% abdominal symptoms were meal is expected to benefit
in blood at each initial observed after the pre-diabetic and diabetic
level. consecutive ingestion of patients as an
GL7 for 8 or 12 weeks in alimentotheraphy in both
some trials. It is therefore developed and developing
suggested that Guava Leaf countries.
Tea is a useful and
harmless food for treating
pre-diabetic and diabetic
patients.

Guide Questions:
1. To whom the researchers addressed the recommendations of this study?
The researchers addressed the recommendations of their study to concerned individuals or agencies
and future researchers who may want to pursue similar studies.
2. Was the recommendations comprehensive? What was lacking?

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 Yes, the recommendations are specific and comprehensive. It was stated clear and concise which is
very helpful for future researchers. It lacks recommendation for future studies. It was written
comprehensively and clearly, but it lacks details.

STUDY 1
The researchers addressed the study's recommendations to concerned individuals who are
interested in the efficacy of the given research or agencies, as well as future researchers who may
want to conduct similar studies. Furthermore, the study's recommendations are extremely
comprehensive. It was stated clearly and concisely, which will be extremely beneficial to future
researchers. It lacks recommendations for future studies as well as details.
STUDY 2
The researchers addressed the study's recommendations to concerned individuals who have
experienced and require this research for their health or agencies, as well as future researchers who
may wish to conduct similar studies in the future. This recommendation will benefit the people who
will be served by this research. It will significantly improve their health. This study's
recommendation is very understandable. It is very clear and concise, with plenty of details for the
research, but it lacks recommendations for future studies.

Let Us Reflect (Page 15, Module 11)

Direction: Use the space below to write a reflective essay about your learning experience in formulating
research recommendation. Let your essay reveal how much you have learned about each concept behind
each topic dealt with in this lesson. Express which concepts are the most understood, slightly understood,
and the least understood ones.

I've learned that the most important part of the analysis phase is the research recommendations;
this is where you'll suggest specific interventions or strategies to address the issues and constraints
identified in the assessment. Recommendations should be made in direct response to key findings derived
from data collection and analysis. Prioritization is essential for narrowing down findings, and once
completed, recommendations that align with the most important findings should be developed.
The characteristics of a good recommendation are the most understood concept that I learned in this
lesson. I discovered that the following characteristics are critical in developing research recommendations.
The first characteristic is relevance to the study; it assesses how closely a particular variable is related or
useful to what is being discussed. The second type is logical reasoning. It is about making
recommendations that are well thought out and have valid reasons. Third, if the findings indicate that, for
example, the class size is too large, it is only logical to recommend an ideal class size to create a healthy
teaching and learning environment. The fourth factor is feasibility and attainability. It is all about making
recommendations based on the findings and conclusions. They must be feasible, workable, and attainable.
This lesson taught me how to formulate research recommendations, which I only slightly
understood. I understand the characteristics of a good recommendation, but I don't understand how to
formulate one. Because I'm having trouble coming up with a good recommendation that will fit its
conclusion or the research findings I was really struggling to come up with a good recommendation for the
future direction of our research. I know how to do it, but it's difficult to do. Finally, the concept that I am
learning that is the least understood is recommendations for some problems discovered in the research
study. I learned a lot from it, but not enough to fully comprehend it. It's the same as coming up with a
future recommendation for a research. I need someone to explain everything to me because, while I've
learned a lot from this lesson, it's still not enough when compared to someone who will correct all of your
mistakes. Overall, I learned a lot from this lesson, which I will undoubtedly apply to our next research
project. Even though I don't understand the other concepts, it has no bearing on the knowledge I gained
from this lesson. I'm grateful that this was introduced to us because I know it will be useful in the future,
and I now understand its role in research.

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d

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