INTERNSHIP PROGRESS REPORT

Submitted in the partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN

CSE- (Hons.) CLOUD COMPUTING

Submitted by:

Shivang Chanda

19BCS4030

AT

HIGH RADIUS CORPERATE

Under the Supervision of:

Rochak Sharma (Supervisor)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

APEX INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY

CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY, GHARUAN,

MOHALI - 140413, PUNJAB

MONTH & YEAR

 MONTHLY INTERNSHIP REPORT

A. Internship Contact Information

Student Name Shivang Chanda

Student UID 19bcs4030
Student Email (@cuchd.in) [email protected]
Student Contact No. 7896186228

Internship Organization Name High Radius Corporation

Organization Address DLF cyber city ,Indira Nagar Hyderabad
Internship Supervisor Accommodated by High radius
Internship Supervisor Phone N/a
Internship Supervisor Email [email protected]

Report period (start date) 28/01/2022

Report period (end date) 13/04/2022

B. Distribution of hours:
Orientation ___1 hour_____
Observing ___1.5 hours_____
Meetings (e.g. staffing, working with the team, etc) ___450_____
Lectures, Seminars, Conferences ___10 hours_____
Assessment ___8 hours_____
Planning (activity analysis, goals and objectives, etc) ___15 hours_____
Studying/Researching __450 hours______

C. Implementation (in hours which so ever is applicable. Otherwise mention Not Applicable):
a. Leadership _N/a_______
b. Counselling _N/a_______
c. Supervision ____N/a____
d. Evaluation ____N/a____
e. Documentation __N/a______
f. Discharge/Transition Plans ___N/a_____
g. Other (Please specify) ____N/a____

Total clock hours during this report period __500 hours______

1. Introduction

The journey of road to High radius started at our university placement cell wherever we got
the desired links then we were able to register ourselves then the corporate did Associate in
Nursing oreantation program where they introduced United States with the complete program
journey how, once we can start and the way our university will facilitate successfully of the
program.
The journey began with a precise check enclosed some writing spherical ability round and
basic communication skills.

because of the present state of affairs of covid-crisis as all the opposite MNC’s we are offered
a Work-from-home situation however with the serving to mentors and team leaders we tend
to are able to accomplish the present goals in our coaching amount we are given all the
recuired documents and every one the master categories start in alternate days.

HighRadius offers cloud-based Autonomous software system for the workplace of the CFO.
quite 700 of the world’s leading firms have reworked their order to cash, treasury and record
to report processes with HighRadius. Our customers embrace 3M, Unilever, Anheuser-Busch
InBev, Sanofi, Kellogg Company, Danone, Hershey’s and lots of more.

Autonomous software system is data-driven software system that ceaselessly morphs its
behaviour to the changing underlying domain transactional data. It brings trendy digital
transformation capabilities like Artificial Intelligence, Robotic method Automation, linguistic
communication process Associate in Nursingd Connected Workspaces as out-of-the-box
options for the finance & accounting domain.

Finance business stakeholders are diode to believe that they need solely 2 choices: decide an
application software vender that digitizes a paper or Excel-based process to an electronic
system of record, or, opt for a middleware platform for AI or RPA to create and maintain in-
house, domain-specific capabilities. In contrast, HighRadius Autonomous software system
combines the best of each worlds to deliver measurable business outcomes admire DSO
reduction, assets optimization, bad-debt reduction, scale back month shut timelines and
improve productivity in underneath six months.

Our merchandise offer worth to a large vary clients|of shoppers} and are particularly relevant
to industries like consumer products, manufacturing, distribution, energy, differents|et al.|et
al} that sell products or provide a service to other businesses.

Our customers range from a number of the most important world companies as well as quite
200+ world 2000 firms additionally as mid-size enterprises that don’t have the IT resources
to consolidate on Associate in Nursing ERP platform however still need to automatize and
contour their assets and treasury processes.

potency and productivity enhancements are central to the worth HighRadius provides to our
customers. no matter what ERP, assets or Treasury Management system you're using, our
merchandise automate manually-intensive tasks, streamline communication, and permit
standardization of processes to drive best practices into your receivables and treasury
processes.

we tend to empower our customers to be able to work additional accurately and efficiently,
forecast and manage cash, get paid faster, and improve key metrics like Days Sales
Outstanding (DSO) and improve assets availability.
The culture at Highradius is is supposed to be progressive it works with totally different
workstyles to assist everybody grow
Let the most effective plan win Crowdsource by applying 1st Principles methodology to form
higher choices

decision bachelor's degree on your Boss Transparency from the highest builds trust for all
people
Be daring and blunt Honest feedback is element permanently business debates
Go gritty or head home grit is that the #1 reason for fulfillment
Hope on roller coaster Fail-fast, learn-fast, fix-fast is however they execute
Be humble however able to rumble curiosity and humanity is we tend to learn and grow
professionally
Ride or Die with the client, customer service is everyone’s job

The Pretenders
“Integrity – we work with customers and prospects openly, honestly and sincerely” – was a
core worth at a notoriously scandalous, fallen energy company. you may notice several firms
out there wherever visions and values are spun into fancy company jargon and what you see
isn't what you get.

The Fairytale Startup

Work is not a fairytale, it’s real life! Imagine a elaborate startup in downtown San Francisco
with an open plan and industrial-inspired, stylish decor. There are ping stench tables,
mani/pedis, and brew on tap. loads of startups get anxious with the superficial and privileged
geographical point ideas and making fads that attract ‘top talent.’ The promise may be a
fairytale workplace wherever you raise countless greenbacks whereas burning a lot of money
and eventually simply 1% survive! however will somebody place forth their highest quality
of labor while standing within the middle of Disneyland?

There are few people and that we believe HighRadius is one in every of them. we tend to like
to keep it real. in contrast to the Pretenders, we wish our core values to guide decisioning and
show up within the manner folks think, feel and act on a daily basis. rather than being a
Fairytale Startup, we want our people to think about us as their work home removed from
home (not an issue park) and to feel that they're creating an enormous impact. Career growth
and funky perks are the byproducts of running a productive business. we've got a name for
speed and disruption. Our staff use their power and talent to create new solutions, meet new
demands, and supply the foremost effective services/products within the FinTech industry.
we wish our staff to be a vicinity of our unimaginable journey, albeit it’s a bit jarring on the
manner (we’ll decision those growing pains).
2. Accomplishments and Work Performed

In the current internship we are facsing different everday problems as we as are learning new
skills and with leaning with are getting hands on it with every successful model we are abel
to accomplish new skills and are able to implement it on a right direction.

In the current time period we have learnt new task for this month we have learnt a new topic
which is Machine learning

Machine learning (ML)

It is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows software applications to become more
accurate at predicting outcomes without being explicitly programmed to do so. Machine
learning is important because it gives enterprises a view of trends in customer behavior and
business operational patterns, as well as supports the development of new products. Many of
today's leading companies, such as Facebook, Google and Uber, make machine learning a
central part of their operations. Machine learning has become a significant competitive
differentiator for many companies.
Most industries working with large amounts of data have recognized the value of machine
learning technology. By gleaning insights from this data – often in real time – organizations
are able to work more efficiently or gain an advantage over competitors.
Banks and other businesses in the financial industry use machine learning technology for two
key purposes: to identify important insights in data, and prevent fraud. The insights can
identify investment opportunities, or help investors know when to trade. Data mining can also
identify clients with high-risk profiles, or use cyber surveillance to pinpoint warning signs of
fraud.
Machine learning include new and different types of variation it starts with a basic one
known as numpy

NumPy

It is a Python library used for working with arrays. It also has functions for working in
domain of linear algebra, fourier transform, and matrices. NumPy was created in 2005 by
Travis Oliphant. It is an open source project and you can use it freely. NumPy stands for
Numerical Python.
In Python we have lists that serve the purpose of arrays, but they are slow to process.

NumPy aims to provide an array object that is up to 50x faster than traditional Python lists.
The array object in NumPy is called ndarray, it provides a lot of supporting functions that
make working with ndarray very easy.
Arrays are very frequently used in data science, where speed and resources are very
important.

Pandas
It is an open source Python package that is most widely used for data science/data analysis
and machine learning tasks. It is built on top of another package named Numpy, which
provides support for multi-dimensional arrays. As one of the most popular data wrangling
packages, Pandas works well with many other data science modules inside the Python
ecosystem, and is typically included in every Python distribution, from those that come with
your operating system to commercial vendor distributions like ActiveState’s ActivePython.

Pandas makes it simple to do many of the time consuming, repetitive tasks associated with
working with data, including:

Data cleansing
Data fill
Data normalization
Merges and joins
Data visualization
Statistical analysis
Data inspection
Loading and saving data

Data preprocessing

Data preprocessing involves transforming raw data to well-formed data sets so that data
mining analytics can be applied. Raw data is often incomplete and has inconsistent
formatting.
Data goes through a series of steps during preprocessing:

Data Cleaning: Data is cleansed through processes such as filling in missing values or
deleting rows with missing data, smoothing the noisy data, or resolving the inconsistencies in
the data.

Smoothing noisy data is particularly important for ML datasets, since machines cannot make
use of data they cannot interpret. Data can be cleaned by dividing it into equal size segments
that are thus smoothed (binning), by fitting it to a linear or multiple regression function
(regression), or by grouping it into clusters of similar data (clustering).

Data inconsistencies can occur due to human errors (the information was stored in a wrong
field). Duplicated values should be removed through deduplication to avoid giving that data
object an advantage (bias).

Data Integration: Data with different representations are put together and conflicts within the
data are resolved.

Data Transformation: Data is normalized and generalized. Normalization is a process that

ensures that no data is redundant, it is all stored in a single place, and all the dependencies are
logical.

Data Reduction: When the volume of data is huge, databases can become slower, costly to
access, and challenging to properly store. Data reduction aims to present a reduced
representation of the data in a data warehouse.
There are various methods to reduce data. For example, once a subset of relevant attributes is
chosen for its significance, anything below a given level is discarded.

Encoding mechanisms can be used to reduce the size of data as well. If all original data can
be recovered after compression, the operation is labeled as lossless. If some data is lost, then
it’s called a lossy reduction. Aggregation can also be used to condense countless transactions
into a single weekly or monthly value, significantly reducing the number of data objects.

Data Discretization: Data could also be discretized to replace raw values with interval levels.
This step involves the reduction of a number of values of a continuous attribute by dividing
the range of attribute intervals.

Data Sampling: Sometimes, due to time, storage or memory constraints, a dataset is too big
or too complex to be worked with. Sampling techniques can be used to select and work with
just a subset of the dataset, provided that it has approximately the same properties of the
original one.

EDA
Exploratory Data Analysis, or EDA, is an important step in any Data Analysis or Data
Science project. EDA is the process of investigating the dataset to discover patterns, and
anomalies (outliers), and form hypotheses based on our understanding of the dataset.

EDA involves generating summary statistics for numerical data in the dataset and creating
various graphical representations to understand the data better

EDA tends to work with different libraries involved in ML as mentioned above EDA is also
breaked into different parts such as-

Reading data- we use a CSV file containing all the raw data of a certain company or retail
transaction like how when and where all these were done.

Descriptive Statistics- By assigning include attribute a value of ‘all’, we make sure that
categorical features are also included in the result.

Missing value imputation- This tell us how many missing values we have in each column in
our dataset

Graphical representation- All the data is aligned into different types of graphs such as bar
graph which makes it more easy to understand

End Notes- at last all the results are shown

When building a machine learning model in real-life, it’s almost rare that all the variables in
the dataset are useful to build a model. Adding redundant variables reduces the generalization
capability of the model and may also reduce the overall accuracy of a classifier. Furthermore
adding more and more variables to a model increases the overall complexity of the model.
Feature engineering is a machine learning technique that leverages data to create new
variables that aren’t in the training set. It can produce new features for both supervised and
unsupervised learning, with the goal of simplifying and speeding up data transformations
while also enhancing model accuracy. Feature engineering is required when working with
machine learning models. Regardless of the data or architecture, a terrible feature will have a
direct impact on your model.

Feature Creation: Creating features involves creating new variables which will be most
helpful for our model. This can be adding or removing some features. As we saw above, the
cost per sq. ft column was a feature creation.

Transformations: Feature transformation is simply a function that transforms features from

one representation to another. The goal here is to plot and visualise data, if something is not
adding up with the new features we can reduce the number of features used, speed up
training, or increase the accuracy of a certain model.

Feature Extraction: Feature extraction is the process of extracting features from a data set to
identify useful information. Without distorting the original relationships or significant
information, this compresses the amount of data into manageable quantities for algorithms to
process.

Benchmark : A Benchmark Model is the most user-friendly, dependable, transparent, and

interpretable model against which you can measure your own. It’s a good idea to run test
datasets to see if your new machine learning model outperforms a recognised benchmark.
These benchmarks are often used as measures for comparing the performance between
different machine learning models like neural networks and support vector machines, linear
and non-linear classifiers, or different approaches like bagging and boosting. To learn more
about feature engineering steps and process, check the links provided at the end of this
article. Now, let’s have a look at why we need feature engineering in machine learning.

1.Imputation

When it comes to preparing your data for machine learning, missing values are one of the
most typical issues. Human errors, data flow interruptions, privacy concerns, and other
factors could all contribute to missing values. Missing values have an impact on the
performance of machine learning models for whatever cause. The main goal of imputation is
to handle these missing values. There are two types of imputation :
Numerical Imputation: To figure out what numbers should be assigned to people currently in
the population, we usually use data from completed surveys or censuses. These data sets can
include information about how many people eat different types of food, whether they live in a
city or country with a cold climate, and how much they earn every year. That is why
numerical imputation is used to fill gaps in surveys or censuses when certain pieces of
information are missing.

#Filling all missing values with 0

data = data.fillna(0)

Categorical Imputation: When dealing with categorical columns, replacing missing values
with the highest value in the column is a smart solution. However, if you believe the values in
the column are evenly distributed and there is no dominating value, imputing a category like
“Other” would be a better choice, as your imputation is more likely to converge to a random
selection in this scenario
.
#Max fill function for categorical columns
data[‘column_name’].fillna(data[‘column_name’].value_counts().idxmax(), inplace=True)

2.Handling Outliers

Outlier handling is a technique for removing outliers from a dataset. This method can be used
on a variety of scales to produce a more accurate data representation. This has an impact on
the model’s performance. Depending on the model, the effect could be large or minimal; for
example, linear regression is particularly susceptible to outliers. This procedure should be
completed prior to model training. The various methods of handling outliers include:
Removal: Outlier-containing entries are deleted from the distribution. However, if there are
outliers across numerous variables, this strategy may result in a big chunk of the datasheet
being missed.

Replacing values: Alternatively, the outliers could be handled as missing values and replaced
with suitable imputation.
Capping: Using an arbitrary value or a value from a variable distribution to replace the
maximum and minimum values
.
Discretization : Discretization is the process of converting continuous variables, models, and
functions into discrete ones. This is accomplished by constructing a series of continuous
intervals (or bins) that span the range of our desired variable/model/function.

3.Log Transform

Log Transform is the most used technique among data scientists. It’s mostly used to turn a
skewed distribution into a normal or less-skewed distribution. We take the log of the values
in a column and utilise those values as the column in this transform. It is used to handle
confusing data, and the data becomes more approximative to normal applications.
//Log Example
df[log_price] = np.log(df[‘Price’])

4.One-hot encoding

A one-hot encoding is a type of encoding in which an element of a finite set is represented by

the index in that set, where only one element has its index set to “1” and all other elements
are assigned indices within the range [0, n-1]. In contrast to binary encoding schemes, where
each bit can represent 2 values (i.e. 0 and 1), this scheme assigns a unique value for each
possible case.

5.Scaling

Feature scaling is one of the most pervasive and difficult problems in machine learning, yet
it’s one of the most important things to get right. In order to train a predictive model, we need
data with a known set of features that needs to be scaled up or down as appropriate. This blog
post will explain how feature scaling works and why it’s important as well as some tips for
getting started with feature scaling.

After a scaling operation, the continuous features become similar in terms of range. Although
this step isn’t required for many algorithms, it’s still a good idea to do so. Distance-based
algorithms like k-NN and k-Means, on the other hand, require scaled continuous features as
model input. There are two common ways for scaling :

Normalization : All values are scaled in a specified range between 0 and 1 via normalisation
(or min-max normalisation). This modification has no influence on the feature’s distribution,
however it does exacerbate the effects of outliers due to lower standard deviations. As a
result, it is advised that outliers be dealt with prior to normalisation.

Standardization: Standardization (also known as z-score normalisation) is the process of

scaling values while accounting for standard deviation. If the standard deviation of features
differs, the range of those features will likewise differ. The effect of outliers in the
characteristics is reduced as a result. To arrive at a distribution with a 0 mean and 1 variance,
all the data points are subtracted by their mean and the result divided by the distribution’s
variance.

As working getting a internship at a high level company we tend have put our feet in a real
world where we are able to examine different level of work done and have learnt new and
variety of new thing which leads to enhance our skills as being a student of cloud computing
as a major subject we have broaden up our minds and can go to different variety of job in
upcoming time, with a new skill set we are willing to accept different roles in various
company with our open hands with which we won’t be limited to only a certain job roles and
would help us to get placed in a nice MNC.

The current period is to learn and implement new task efficiently within a given time frame
and due deadlines so our major job responsibility is to accomplish the given task efficiently
with few errors to we could solve the real world problems easily.
3.Relationship to Academic Experience

Chandigarh University has helped us to gain knowledge in various fields of technology such
as coding in different languages, learning new technologies in depth in different fields take it
as cloud or some major part in python when thw internship training period was started all the
mentors were explaining different which were already taught and was easy to brush
everything easily with a certain it was all smooth till now

As we have started our first project in ML it wasn’t taught to us in our semester but the basics
which are used to implement the ml were already known to us which only needed to
connected for that the company helped us to connect all our leaning and helped us in
implementing them with a right mode.

We were given with different subjects such as python programming , digital image
processing with made it successful for plotting etc

Python

Python is a popular programming language. It was created by Guido van Rossum, and
released in 1991.

It is used for:

Web development (server-side),

Software development,
Mathematics
System scripting

Python can be used on a server to create web applications.

Python can be used alongside software to create workflows.
Python can connect to database systems. It can also read and modify files.
Python can be used to handle big data and perform complex mathematics.
Python can be used for rapid prototyping, or for production-ready software development.

Python works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc).
Python has a simple syntax similar to the English language.
Python has syntax that allows developers to write programs with fewer lines than some other
programming languages.
Python runs on an interpreter system, meaning that code can be executed as soon as it is
written. This means that prototyping can be very quick.
Python can be treated in a procedural way, an object-oriented way or a functional way.

The most recent major version of Python is Python 3, which we shall be using in this tutorial.
However, Python 2, although not being updated with anything other than security updates, is
still quite popular.
In this tutorial Python will be written in a text editor. It is possible to write Python in an
Integrated Development Environment, such as Thonny, Pycharm, Netbeans or Eclipse which
are particularly useful when managing larger collections of Python files.

Python was designed for readability, and has some similarities to the English language with
influence from mathematics.
Python uses new lines to complete a command, as opposed to other programming languages
which often use semicolons or parentheses.
Python relies on indentation, using whitespace, to define scope; such as the scope of loops,
functions and classes. Other programming languages often use curly-brackets for this
purpose.
Statements and control flow
Python's statements include:

The assignment statement, using a single equals sign =

The if statement, which conditionally executes a block of code, along with else and elif (a
contraction of else-if) The for statement, which iterates over an iterable object, capturing each
element to a local variable for use by the attached block
The while statement, which executes a block of code as long as its condition is true
The try statement, which allows exceptions raised in its attached code block to be caught and
handled by except clauses; it also ensures that clean-up code in a finally block is always run
regardless of how the block exits

The raise statement, used to raise a specified exception or re-raise a caught exception
The class statement, which executes a block of code and attaches its local namespace to a
class, for use in object-oriented programming

The def statement, which defines a function or method

The with statement, which encloses a code block within a context manager (for example,
acquiring a lock before it is run, then releasing the lock; or opening and closing a file),
allowing resource-acquisition-is-initialization (RAII)-like behavior and replacing a common
try/finally idiom[

The break statement, which exits a loop The continue statement, which skips the current
iteration and continues with the next The del statement, which removes a variable—deleting
the reference from the name to the value, and producing an error if the variable is referred to
before it is redefined The pass statement, serving as a NOP, syntactically needed to create an
empty code block The assert statement, used in debugging to check for conditions that should
apply The yield statement, which returns a value from a generator function (and also an
operator); used to implement coroutines The return statement, used to return a value from a
function The import statement, used to import modules whose functions or variables can be
used in the current program
The assignment statement (=) binds a name as a reference to a separate, dynamically-
allocated object. Variables may subsequently be rebound at any time to any object. In Python,
a variable name is a generic reference holder without a fixed data type; however, it always
refers to some object with a type. This is called dynamic typing—in contrast to statically-
typed languages, where each variable may contain only a value of a certain type.

Python does not support tail call optimization or first-class continuations, and, according to
van Rossum, it never will. However, better support for coroutine-like functionality is
provided by extending Python's generators. Before 2.5, generators were lazy iterators; data
was passed unidirectionally out of the generator. From Python 2.5 on, it is possible to pass
data back into a generator function; and from version 3.3, it can be passed through multiple
stack levels.

Python uses duck typing and has typed objects but untyped variable names. Type constraints
are not checked at compile time; rather, operations on an object may fail, signifying that it is
not of a suitable type. Despite being dynamically-typed, Python is strongly-typed, forbidding
operations that are not well-defined (for example, adding a number to a string) rather than
silently attempting to make sense of them.

Python allows programmers to define their own types using classes, most often used for
object-oriented programming. New instances of classes are constructed by calling the class
(for example, SpamClass() or EggsClass()), and the classes are instances of the metaclass
type (itself an instance of itself), allowing metaprogramming and reflection.

Before version 3.0, Python had two kinds of classes: old-style and new-style. The syntax of
both is the same, the difference being whether the class object is inherited from, directly or
indirectly (all new-style classes inherit from object and are instances of type). In versions of
Python 2 from Python 2.2 onwards, both kinds of classes can be used. Old-style classes were
eliminated in Python 3.0.

The long-term plan is to support gradual typing. From Python 3.5 on, the language's syntax
allows specifying static types, but they are not checked in the default implementation,
CPython. An experimental optional static type-checker, mypy, supports compile-time type
checking.

Machine learning algorithms are classified into 4 types:

Supervised and
Unsupervised Learning
Semi-supervised Learning
Reinforcement Learning

1. Linear Regression
To understand the working functionality of this algorithm, imagine how you would arrange
random logs of wood in increasing order of their weight. There is a catch; however – you
cannot weigh each log. You have to guess its weight just by looking at the height and girth of
the log (visual analysis) and arrange them using a combination of these visible parameters.
This is what linear regression in machine learning is like.

In this process, a relationship is established between independent and dependent variables by

fitting them to a line. This line is known as the regression line and represented by a linear
equation Y= a *X + b.

In this equation:

Y – Dependent Variable
a – Slope
X – Independent variable
b – Intercept
The coefficients a & b are derived by minimizing the sum of the squared difference of
distance between data points and the regression line.

Top 10 Machine Learning Algorithms For Beginners: Supervised, Unsupervised Learning

and More
By Simon Tavasoli
Last updated on Mar 3, 2022200098
Top 10 Machine Learning Algorithms You Need to Know in 2021
Table of Contents
What Are The 10 Popular Machine Learning Algorithms?How Learning These Vital
Algorithms Can Enhance Your Skills in Machine LearningList of Popular Machine Learning
AlgorithmsConclusion
In a world where nearly all manual tasks are being automated, the definition of manual is
changing. Machine Learning algorithms can help computers play chess, perform surgeries,
and get smarter and more personal.
We are living in an era of constant technological progress, and looking at how computing has
advanced over the years, we can predict what’s to come in the days ahead.

One of the main features of this revolution that stands out is how computing tools and
techniques have been democratized. In the past five years, data scientists have built
sophisticated data-crunching machines by seamlessly executing advanced techniques. The
results have been astounding.

Machine learning algorithms are classified into 4 types:

Supervised and
Unsupervised Learning
Semi-supervised Learning
Reinforcement Learning
However, these 4 are further classified into more types.

Post Graduate Program in AI and Machine Learning

In Partnership with Purdue UniversityEXPLORE COURSEPost Graduate Program in AI and
Machine Learning
What Are The 10 Popular Machine Learning Algorithms?
Below is the list of Top 10 commonly used Machine Learning (ML) Algorithms:

Linear regression
Logistic regression
Decision tree
SVM algorithm
Naive Bayes algorithm
KNN algorithm
K-means
Random forest algorithm
Dimensionality reduction algorithms
Gradient boosting algorithm and AdaBoosting algorithm
How Learning These Vital Algorithms Can Enhance Your Skills in Machine Learning
If you're a data scientist or a machine learning enthusiast, you can use these techniques to
create functional Machine Learning projects.

There are three types of most popular Machine Learning algorithms, i.e - supervised learning,
unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning. All three techniques are used in this list of
10 common Machine Learning Algorithms:

Machine Learning Algorithms

List of Popular Machine Learning Algorithms

1. Linear Regression
To understand the working functionality of this algorithm, imagine how you would arrange
random logs of wood in increasing order of their weight. There is a catch; however – you
cannot weigh each log. You have to guess its weight just by looking at the height and girth of
the log (visual analysis) and arrange them using a combination of these visible parameters.
This is what linear regression in machine learning is like.

In this process, a relationship is established between independent and dependent variables by

fitting them to a line. This line is known as the regression line and represented by a linear
equation Y= a *X + b.

In this equation:
Y – Dependent Variable
a – Slope
X – Independent variable
b – Intercept
The coefficients a & b are derived by minimizing the sum of the squared difference of
distance between data points and the regression line.

2. Logistic Regression

Logistic Regression is used to estimate discrete values (usually binary values like 0/1) from a
set of independent variables. It helps predict the probability of an event by fitting data to a
logit function. It is also called logit regression.

These methods listed below are often used to help improve logistic regression models:

include interaction terms

eliminate features
regularize techniques
use a non-linear model

3. Descision tree

Decision Tree algorithm in machine learning is one of the most popular algorithm in use
today; this is a supervised learning algorithm that is used for classifying problems. It works
well classifying for both categorical and continuous dependent variables. In this algorithm,
we split the population into two or more homogeneous sets based on the most significant
attributes/ independent variables.

4. SVM (Support Vector Machine) Algorithm

SVM algorithm is a method of classification algorithm in which you plot raw data as points
in an n-dimensional space (where n is the number of features you have). The value of each
feature is then tied to a particular coordinate, making it easy to classify the data. Lines called
classifiers can be used to split the data and plot them on a graph.

5. Naive Bayes Algorithm

A Naive Bayes classifier assumes that the presence of a particular feature in a class is
unrelated to the presence of any other feature.

Even if these features are related to each other, a Naive Bayes classifier would consider all of
these properties independently when calculating the probability of a particular outcome.

A Naive Bayesian model is easy to build and useful for massive datasets. It's simple and is
known to outperform even highly sophisticated classification methods.

6. KNN (K- Nearest Neighbors) Algorithm

This algorithm can be applied to both classification and regression problems. Apparently,
within the Data Science industry, it's more widely used to solve classification problems. It’s a
simple algorithm that stores all available cases and classifies any new cases by taking a
majority vote of its k neighbors. The case is then assigned to the class with which it has the
most in common. A distance function performs this measurement.
KNN can be easily understood by comparing it to real life. For example, if you want
information about a person, it makes sense to talk to his or her friends and colleagues!

Things to consider before selecting K Nearest Neighbours Algorithm:

KNN is computationally expensive

Variables should be normalized, or else higher range variables can bias the algorithm
Data still needs to be pre-processed.

7. K-Means
It is an unsupervised learning algorithm that solves clustering problems. Data sets are
classified into a particular number of clusters (let's call that number K) in such a way that all
the data points within a cluster are homogenous and heterogeneous from the data in other
clusters.

How K-means forms clusters:

The K-means algorithm picks k number of points, called centroids, for each cluster.
Each data point forms a cluster with the closest centroids, i.e., K clusters.
It now creates new centroids based on the existing cluster members.
With these new centroids, the closest distance for each data point is determined. This process
is repeated until the centroids do not change.

8. Random Forest Algorithm

A collective of decision trees is called a Random Forest. To classify a new object based on its
attributes, each tree is classified, and the tree “votes” for that class. The forest chooses the
classification having the most votes (over all the trees in the forest).

Each tree is planted & grown as follows:

If the number of cases in the training set is N, then a sample of N cases is taken at random.
This sample will be the training set for growing the tree.
If there are M input variables, a number m<<M is specified such that at each node, m
variables are selected at random out of the M, and the best split on this m is used to split the
node. The value of m is held constant during this process.
Each tree is grown to the most substantial extent possible. There is no pruning
.
9. Dimensionality Reduction Algorithms

In today's world, vast amounts of data are being stored and analyzed by corporates,
government agencies, and research organizations. As a data scientist, you know that this raw
data contains a lot of information - the challenge is in identifying significant patterns and
variables.

Dimensionality reduction algorithms like Decision Tree, Factor Analysis, Missing Value
Ratio, and Random Forest can help you find relevant details.

10. Gradient Boosting Algorithm and AdaBoosting Algorithm

These are boosting algorithms used when massive loads of data have to be handled to make
predictions with high accuracy. Boosting is an ensemble learning algorithm that combines the
predictive power of several base estimators to improve robustness.
In short, it combines multiple weak or average predictors to build a strong predictor. These
boosting algorithms always work well in data science competitions like Kaggle, AV
Hackathon, CrowdAnalytix. These are the most preferred machine learning algorithms today.
Use them, along with Python and R Codes, to achieve accurate outcomes.

MATPLOTLIB

Matplotlib is a low level graph plotting library in python that serves as a visualization utility.
Matplotlib was created by John D. Hunter.
Matplotlib is open source and we can use it freely.
Matplotlib is mostly written in python, a few segments are written in C, Objective-C and
Javascript for Platform compatibility.
4. Difficulties faced-

There are n number of difficulties which were face during the time of commencement of the
internship some of them are mentioned below-

Time limitations - sometimes completing aims, achieving learning outcomes, and gaining
proficiencies can take time, but unfortunately, the duration of the internship is limited to the
volume prescribed by the curriculum. An increase in the amount of time spent can happen
due to the learner (slow learner, earlier gaps in study process, psychological obstacles, etc.),
supervisor (little teaching experience, tiredness, overloaded with main work, motivational
problems, etc.), the educational institution (unclear learning outcomes and/or purposes, not
enough cooperation with the traineeship provider) or due to the internship provider (the
activity/process being learned happens rarely, there are no additional resources to include the
trainee, lack of motivation, etc.).

Competing demands - the interests of internship base (especially if these are in contrast to the
needs of the trainee), administrative interests, research-based interests. In case of different
expectations and demands, the internship provider foremostly chooses their main function
and the interests and needs of the learner are left behind.

When supervising, the companies originate from conditions and not from learning outcomes -
this makes finding an aim and planning the internship more difficult. On the condition that
the choice for traineeship base has been suitable when creating the learning situation, the
supervisor must take into account the possibilities of internship provider and propose
corresponding aims, which will assure learning outcomes are achieved.

A large number of students - this puts extra workload on the internship places, lowers
motivation, tires supervisors, which forces the learner to choose not the most suitable
companies for completing the traineeship, and this in turn decreases the quality of practical
study.

The inability of internship places to offer a training that is diverse enough - internship places
may not be able to offer a multifaceted practical learning - there are definitely learning
outcomes that you can achieve in those, but often study remains rather shallow because the
company does not use the techniques, procedures, and processes that the learner should
acquire in their daily business.

The internship environment is not study/teaching friendly, everyday work takes place at the
same time - completing the daily main functions of the internship place takes its toll on the
supervisor’s time and energy resources and often, work is so intense that it is easier to get
things done themselves rather than teaching a trainee. Being overloaded with work due to the
trainee in turn causes frustration, and this is sometimes taken out on the trainee.

Problems faced in learning Machine learning-

1) Lack Of Quality Data

One of the main issues in Machine Learning is the absence of good data. While upgrading,
algorithms tend to make developers exhaust most of their time on artificial intelligence. Data
quality is fundamental for the algorithms to work as proposed. Incomplete data, unclean data,
and noisy data are the quintessential foes of ideal ML. Different reasons for low data quality
are-
Data can be noisy which will result in inaccurate predictions. This often leads to less
accuracy in classification and low-quality results. It is noted as one of the most common
errors faced in terms of data.
Incorrect or incomplete information can also lead to faulty programming through Machine
Learning. Having less information will lead the program to analyze based on the minimal
data present. Hence, decreasing the accuracy of the results.

For better future actions, the generalizing of input and output of past data is crucial. But a
common issue that occurs is, the output data can become difficult to generalize.

2) GETTING BAD RECOMMENDATIONS

Proposal engines are quite regular today. While some might be dependable, others may not
appear to provide the necessary results. Machine Learning algorithms tend to only impose
what these proposal engines have suggested. So if there is any modification in the necessity
of the result, then the recommendation will be of no use. Creating a complex algorithm,
collecting large amounts of data, and implementing the algorithm, leading to nothing but
incorrect results in case of changed priorities is one of the biggest issues with Machine
Learning

3) DEFICIENT INFRASTRUCTURE

ML requires a tremendous amount of data stirring abilities. Inheritance frameworks can’t deal
with the responsibility and clasp under tension. You should check if your infrastructure can
deal with issues in Machine Learning. If it can’t, you should hope to upgrade it completely
with good hardware and adaptable storage.

4) HAVING ALGORITHMS BECOME OBSOLETE WHEN DATA GROWS

ML algorithms will consistently require a lot of data when being trained. Frequently, these
ML algorithms will be trained over a specific data index and afterward used to foresee future
data, a cycle which you can only expect with a significant amount of effort. The earlier
“accurate” model over the data set may presently not be considered accurate, at a point where
the arrangement of data changes.

5) COMPLEXITY

Although Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence are booming, a majority of these
sectors are still in their experimental phases, actively undergoing a trial and error method.
From the setting up of the system to instilling complex data and even coding, the procedure is
extremely complicated and quite tedious. It is a time-consuming and strenuous procedure that
cannot accommodate any kinds of errors or mistakes.

6) SLOW RESULTS

Another one of the most common issues in Machine Learning is the slow-moving program.
The Machine Learning Models are highly efficient bearing accurate results but the said
results take time to be produced. Due to an overload of data and requirements, it takes longer
than expected to provide results. This is mainly because of the complex algorithm that they
work on and the time it takes to derive usable results. Another reason is that it requires
constant monitoring at every step of the process

7) MAINTENANCE
Requisite results for different actions are bound to change and hence the data needed for the
same is different. This needs editing the code and more resources for monitoring the changes
as well. As the outputs need to be generalized, regular monitoring and maintenance are
necessary. Consistent maintenance is the key to keep the program up to date

8) DATA BIAS

This occurs when certain aspects of a data set need more importance than others. Focusing on
particular features within the database in order to generalize the outcomes is very common in
Machine Learning Models. This leads to inaccurate results, low outcome levels, and other
such errors.

9) HIGH CHANCES OF ERROR

Many algorithms will contain biased programming which will lead to biased datasets. It will
not deliver the right output and produces irrelevant information. The usage of this can lead to
bigger errors in the business models. This commonly occurs when the planning process is not
done right.

10) LACK OF EXPLAINABILITY

Machine Learning is often termed a “Black box” as deciphering the outcomes from an
algorithm is often complex and sometimes useless. This basically means the outputs cannot
be easily comprehended as it is programmed in specific ways to deliver for certain
conditions. This lack of explainability will make the reverse engineering of an algorithm
nearly impossible, reducing the credibility of the algorithm
5. The things/topics I need to learn

As quoted “every day is a new learning” there are various task or new things which a person
needs to learn every time they wake up and start anew day a new journey there are different
things which I have learnt in this time period and there few things which I need to learn to be
more productive and efficient .

Code efficiency

Code efficiency is a broad term used to depict the reliability, speed and programming
methodology used in developing codes for an application. Code efficiency is directly linked
with algorithmic efficiency and the speed of runtime execution for software. It is the key
element in ensuring high performance. The goal of code efficiency is to reduce resource
consumption and completion time as much as possible with minimum risk to the business or
operating environment. The software product quality can be accessed and evaluated with the
help of the efficiency of the code used

Code efficiency plays a significant role in applications in a high-execution-speed

environment where performance and scalability are paramount.

One of the recommended best practices in coding is to ensure good code efficiency. Well-
developed programming codes should be able to handle complex algorithms.

Recommendations for code efficiency include:

To remove unnecessary code or code that goes to redundant processing

To make use of optimal memory and nonvolatile storage
To ensure the best speed or run time for completing the algorithm
To make use of reusable components wherever possible
To make use of error and exception handling at all layers of software, such as the user
interface, logic and data flow
To create programming code that ensures data integrity and consistency
To develop programming code that's compliant with the design logic and flow
To make use of coding practices applicable to the related software
To optimize the use of data access and data management practices
To use the best keywords, data types and variables, and other available programming
concepts to implement the related algorithm

Time management

Time management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on
specific activities. Good time management enables an individual to complete more in a
shorter period of time, lowers stress, and leads to career success.
he ability to manage your time effectively is important. Good time management leads to
improved efficiency and productivity, less stress, and more success in life. Here are some
benefits of managing time effectively:

1. Stress relief
Making and following a task schedule reduces anxiety. As you check off items on your “to-
do” list, you can see that you are making tangible progress. This helps you avoid feeling
stressed out with worry about whether you’re getting things done.
2. More time

Good time management gives you extra time to spend in your daily life. People who can
time-manage effectively enjoy having more time to spend on hobbies or other personal
pursuits.

3. More opportunities

Managing time well leads to more opportunities and less time wasted on trivial activities.
Good time management skills are key qualities that employers look for. The ability to
prioritize and schedule work is extremely desirable for any organization.

4. Ability to realize goals

Individuals who practice good time management are able to better achieve goals and
objectives, and do so in a shorter length of time.

Writing small codes in python

List comprehension is a technique of creating a list containing data with a single line of code.
It’s common in various programming languages, including Python.

Let’s go over the syntax of list comprehension:

result = [transform iteration filter]

The result would be the final list containing our data, the transform is the value of each data
in our list, it keeps on changing as the value of the iterator changes. The iteration is a loop
that helps populate our list with the required amount of data.

Lambda functions is a technique in Python to write our functions on a single line. They are
regarded as anonymous (nameless) functions. They are also not suited for complex functions.
Just like with list comprehension, they make our code small and concise.

The map function takes two arguments, the function that would modify the data, and the data
itself. In our example, we used the lambda function but we can use it without lambdas.

The map function coupled with the lambda function allows us to modify our list with just one
line of code.
6.Plans for the Rest of the Semester

Learning never stopped but if done at the correct time would really help a person to achieve
great heights, our semester is of 6 months and the first 3 months are being utilized by the
internship itself and the time frame of the other three months is given as follows-

Learning new skills-

1. Security

Security should be foundational to any IT team. Starting out in a help desk, networking, or
system administration role can introduce you to concepts that are helpful to know for security
purposes.

Familiarity with physical, network, and software security

Installing firewalls and routers

Data encryption

Risk mitigation strategy and threat analysis

Knowledge of compliance regulations and standards like PCI-DSS, HIPAA, and CCPA

Ethical hacking and penetration testing

2. Systems and networks

Making sure computer systems and networks are operating smoothly is central to the work of
an IT team. Typical roles specializing in this skill set include system administrators and
network administrators. System and network skills can also be useful for working in cloud
administration or security as well. On a basic level, these skills include:

Administering diverse operating systems like Windows, Linux, or Mac

Installing and configuring computer hardware and software

Cloud administration and applications

Maintaining local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), storage area networks
(SAN), and virtual private networks (VPNs)

Troubleshooting

Helping employees with technical issues

4. Data analysis
Being able to analyze data will be useful for various IT tasks. Monitoring performance data
can help teams find security threats, or see where inefficiencies exist in their operations. Jobs
that work with data in the IT realm include database administrators and data engineers.

SQL

Statistics
Python

5. DevOps
DevOps—a combination of “development” and “operations”—acts as a bridge between the
software development and IT teams. Though a field unto itself, DevOps skills can help in
both the IT and development aspects of running an organization. Working in DevOps can
mean becoming a DevOps engineer. You might need the following skills:

Understanding of continuous delivery theory

Container technologies like Docker or Kubernetes

Scripting languages like Python, Ruby, and C

Familiarity with cloud operations

Prepare for a confident interview –

Punctuality

Positivity and enthusiasm

Body language

Clarity

Brushing up skills for interview-

All the skills which we have learnt in our past years and the time duration those are needed to
be brushed up and should be in the latest formatting so if any question arise I can answer
everything with confidence.

Apply for new internship

As my current has an option for a paid internship after the completion of the unpaid so after if
we are able to explain ourselves then we can surely get a chance to follow up with the same
company but if I don’t get the opportunity I will try for a new internship at another place so I
could learn different new things which would help in my future goals and success there are
various reason we should change or apply in different internship and company.

Application of education and career exploration-

Internships are a great way to connect classroom knowledge to real-world experience.

Learning is one thing, but taking those skills into the workforce and applying them is a great
way to explore different career paths and specializations that suit individual interests.
Gain experience and increase marketability.
Having an internship gives you experience in the career field you want to pursue.
Not only does this give individuals an edge over other candidates when applying for jobs,
but it also prepares them for what to expect in their field and increases confidence in their
work.

Networking
Having an internship benefits you in the working environment, and it also builds your
professional network. There is a 1 in 16 chance of securing a job by connecting with people,
so networking is critical. Internships provide a great environment to meet professionals in the
career field you want to pursue, as well as other interns who have similar interests.

National Data

According to a 2016 National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) survey, more
than 56 percent of graduating seniors reported taking part in at least one internship. Of those
respondents, 56 percent were paid, while 44 percent were unpaid. Seventy-two percent of
those unpaid internships were credit-bearing.

Professionalism

Internships can provide students with the soft skills needed in the workplace and in
leadership positions. In a LinkedIn Skills Report (2018), 57% of people rated soft skills as
being more important than technical skills. Skills, such as communication, leadership,
problem-solving, and teamwork can all be learned through an internship and utilized beyond
that experience.

Learn how a professional workplace operates

Depending on your major, you may read about how organizations thrive and function in
textbooks, hear from guest speakers who talk about organizational structures or dive into case
studies about workplace culture, but nothing compares to living the actual experience.
Internships help students learn all about workplace culture, employee relations, and
leadership structure, which should help them on board in their first professional job with
more ease than if they haven’t had professional experience.
Build your resume.

Most organizations and jobs that you apply to the following graduation want employees to
have some sort of professional experience, even for entry-level jobs. If you are a finalist for a
position and haven’t had an internship experience but the other finalist has, you may lose out
on a job opportunity, so make sure you at least have one internship on your resume before
leaving college to give you a leg up on the competition.
Gain professional feedback.

Not only will you be helping out the organization you intern with, but they’ll help you out
too. While professors and teachers will prepare you for the theoretical side of your field and
hands-on projects, internships provide opportunities for receiving feedback from someone
who works in your desired field daily.

Learn from others

It might seem common sense – you’re interning to learn skills, after all – but don’t forget to
purposefully observe others in their job role to learn the ins and outs of different positions.
Consider asking your supervisor if you can shadow them for a day, along with other people in
your department. Ask to sit in on department wide meetings as well. Act like a sponge and
soak up all the information you can during your internship – it will benefit you in the long
run.

Figure out what you like and don’t like

While everyone probably wants to walk away from an internship feeling excited and
passionate about the experience, there’s a silver lining to be found if you didn’t enjoy the job:
you’ll know what you don’t like. According to an article from monster.com, “figuring out
what type of job you don’t want while you’re interning can help prevent you from accepting
an ill-fitting job when you graduate.”

Total hours consumed and left-

The total duration of this internship is 3 months and a semester commence of 6 months if I
get a chance of paid internship I the other 3 months will be with the same company going
into real life problems with them if I don’t get the chances then I will be left 3 months my
hands and I could help myself to be a confident person who can crack different interviews so
I will consume my time with points given above.
7. Conclusion

Internships offer many advantages, chiefly to do with experience. You might get to know a
company, or a sector. You will embark on a valuable learning experience and expand your
professional network. All these things will be useful later in your career.

1. You get real work experience

Internships are a great introduction to work. You will be able to undertake real work
responsibilities in a real working environment. An internship will also enable you to adjust to
work patterns and norms. This hands-on approach will offer high-value experiential learning
that will stand you in good stead for later in your career.

2. You get a taste of your chosen field

If you’ve never worked in a certain industry before or are wondering what a career in a
specific sector would be like, then an internship can help you make up your mind. Getting
hands-on experience as part of an internship can help you decide if your aspirational career
path is right for you.

3. It gives you networking opportunities

You’ll make lots of connections when on an internship. You’ll have a manager, colleagues,
and peripheral contacts, such as human resources, or even clients. It’s important that you sell
your personal brand to these people, ensuring that these immediate contacts become part of a
longer-term network that might help you secure a permanent role.

4. It helps you choose a specialty

Internships can help you make up your mind about what you want to do. Although this might
include convincing you to adopt a complete change of career, internships can often help you
consider which part of an industry to specialize in. Specializations are often lucrative and
rewarding career avenues where you will be immeasurably valued for a deep understanding
of a certain skill or sector, rather than just having generalist knowledge across lots of
different responsibilities.

5. It helps you build self-confidence

Moving from education into work can be a jarring experience, full of unknowns and what ifs.
An internship is a reasonably low-risk and entry-level way to alleviate and de-mystify these
concerns, building your confidence through a structured and controlled introduction to the
world of work and professional behavior.

6. It boosts your CV

Internships add a lot of weight to your résumé. As with work experience, internships give
your CV/résumé an extra dimension to existing educational experience. You can draw upon
internship experiences when being interviewed for full-time roles, making yourself much
more attractive in the process.

7. It increases your market value

The experience you gain during an internship increases your market value. You gain skills
and credibility on an internship, as well as essentially moving from someone with no
professional experience to a candidate with some experience. The distinction might seem
small, but it’s powerful, and a collection of various internships can do wonders for your
personal brand.

8. You’ll get mentored

Internships are great ways to learn from others. In addition to the learning on the job, your
manager will either be your direct mentor or have a mentor assigned to you. You might even
receive a second mentor through your educational institution.

Mentors are the perfect internship support as they are knowledgeable enough to guide you
through work-related situations, but are also there as longer-term support to help you with
general work-related advice.

9. You will secure references

Do a great job on your internship, and you will pick up some great references to help you in
your future full-time job search. The key reference is from your manager, but you can also
collect references from secondary managers and supervisors.

10. It will help you transition to a full-time role

For many of the reasons highlighted already, an internship will help you transition to a full-
time role. You will pick up valuable learning experiences, gain exposure to the world of work
and your desired field and develop networks in a certain organisation or industry

Internships present a significant life change and can involve significant disruption to your
normal life. As such, you must be prepared. Internships are full of unknowns and might not
be all they promised to be. You might also have to undertake undesirable tasks, relocate, and
be treated like a junior employee, or with little respect. You can, however, prepare yourself to
deal with these drawbacks.

1. You’re treated like an assistant

Some employers see interns as assistants, and they end up being given jobs such as
photocopying, typing minutes, fetching coffees, managing diaries, and so on. Filling the role
of an assistant might be as far away from the purpose of the internship as you can get. This
might make everything feel like a waste of time.

2. There’s a low earning potential

Although there are some exceptions (especially in banking or technology), most internships
are low paid (they can even be unpaid internships in some countries). While you should have
the expectation that you’re not going to be earning big bucks for an internship, everyone
deserves a fair wage. Shop around when applying for internships and benchmark salaries in
your chosen sector.

3. It keeps you from entering the workforce

For some people, direct entry to full-time employment cannot happen soon enough.
Internships can create a barrier to this, but might be seen as a necessary evil to gain the
experience needed. Some people might miss out on longer-term roles by taking an internship,
and by the time these situations arise, it might be too late to withdraw from the internship or
change direction.

4. It can be competitive
Competition for the best internships can be intense. Companies are only ever able to offer a
few places at a time and might receive thousands of applications. Therefore, applying and
interviewing for these opportunities can be stressful and lead to failure, and therefore be
demoralizing

5. You will be given menial tasks

Another way some internships can offer a substandard work experience is through offering
the employee the chance to only work on menial tasks. You might not have to fulfill assistant
responsibilities, but you might only be allowed to handle administrative tasks or other grunt
work no one else wants to do. A structured, goal-orientated internship and enquiring about
responsibilities when contacting companies will avoid this.

6. You might have to relocate

Despite more and more internships heading online through remote working, many
opportunities — especially the most competitive ones — might involve relocation.

7. Your work hours will vary

Internships can, in some ways, be regarded as one long job interview. This means that the
pressure is on interns to perform, and sometimes this comes with atypical or long hours, all
dressed up in lines such as, “As per the needs of the business”.

Like relocation, you will need to weigh up the pressures of long or unusual working hours
with the expectation you place upon yourself. Remember that no job or internship is worth
burning out over, and if you ever feel this way, it’s going to be better for your health to walk
away.

8. It may not be fulfilling

If your internship isn’t what it promised, or you discover partway through that your dream
industry or company isn’t what it cracked up to be, then you might be stuck in an unfulfilling
internship. This is frustrating, but common. Internships are as much for you to find out about
a profession as they are for employers to find out about you. Sometimes, you might leave an
internship and, having decided that the role or industry isn’t fulfilling, opt to change career
course

9. It could be expensive

Some internships are not without costs, or associated costs at least. There might be travel or
relocation costs, as well as expensive rents if you move to a large city for the internship.
There are often costs associated with meals and work clothes, which companies seldom
cover. You might also be expected to socialize with colleagues, which can get expensive very
quickly. Before accepting an internship, work out a budget based on your income, and go
from there.

10. It won’t guarantee you a job

Ultimately, an internship can be many wonderful things and provide a great experience, but it
is by no means a guaranteed way to get a job. Internships provide a way into a company,
offer networking opportunities and a chance to learn new skills, but some of them can be very
competitive. Additionally, your success will largely be in your hands. Companies are under
no obligation to hire people who haven’t performed well on internships, and even top
performers might not make the cut.
Internships offer wonderful opportunities and are a great way to kickstart a career, blurring
the line between education and employment. If you are considering an internship, be aware of
the advantages it can offer you, and maximize these as much as you can. Similarly, take time
to understand the risks and drawbacks of internships. These don’t have to be deal breakers —
work around them and accept them (within reason) when or if they happen to you.