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Class VI (Geography Chapter 5) Full

The document summarizes the major domains of Earth - the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. It also discusses continents, ocean basins, and global warming. Key points include: - The biosphere is the zone containing all life forms, located where land, water, and air meet. - The lithosphere is Earth's solid portion. - The hydrosphere includes all water on, under, and above Earth's surface. - The atmosphere is Earth's gaseous envelope surrounding it. - Continents are the large landmasses rising above sea level. - Ocean basins are the huge water bodies. - Global warming is the

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Subrata Das
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148 views3 pages

Class VI (Geography Chapter 5) Full

The document summarizes the major domains of Earth - the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. It also discusses continents, ocean basins, and global warming. Key points include: - The biosphere is the zone containing all life forms, located where land, water, and air meet. - The lithosphere is Earth's solid portion. - The hydrosphere includes all water on, under, and above Earth's surface. - The atmosphere is Earth's gaseous envelope surrounding it. - Continents are the large landmasses rising above sea level. - Ocean basins are the huge water bodies. - Global warming is the

Uploaded by

Subrata Das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5 Major Domains of the Earth

Important Keywords :
Biosphere
The biosphere is the narrow zone of contact between land, water and air which contains
all forms of life.
Lithosphere
The solid portion of the earth is called the lithosphere.
Hydrosphere
The hydrosphere is the combined mass of water found on, under and above the surface
of the earth.
Atmosphere
The gaseous envelope that surrounds the earth is called the atmosphere.
Continents
The large landmasses rising above sea level are known as the continents.
Ocean basins
The huge water bodies are called the ocean basins.
Global warming
Global warming is the long-term rise in the average temperature of the earth’s climate
system.

Exercise Question’s Answers : [ For Questions refer to your book ]


1. (a) The four major domains of the earth are – lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and
biosphere.
(b) Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica are the
major continents of the earth.
(c) Australia and Antarctica are the two continents that lie entirely in the Southern
hemisphere.
(d) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere and Exosphere are the
different layers of atmosphere.
(e) The earth is the only planet, whose surface is covered with more than 71 percent of
water. This makes the earth look blue from the space. Therefore, it is called the ‘blue
planet’.
(f) The Northern Hemisphere is called the land hemisphere because the greater part of
earth’s land mass lies in the Northern Hemisphere.
(g) The Biosphere is important for living organisms because it is the only zone where all
the living things such as human, plants and animals can survive and exist.
2. a. (iii) the Urals.
b. (i) an Isthmus.
c. (i) Nitrogen.
d. (iii) the Lithosphere.
e. (ii) Asia.
3. a. Mariana Trench
b. Indian
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c. Biosphere
d. Eurasia
e. Mt. Everest (8,848 metres)

Inside Questions and Answers :


1. Why elevation of land is measured from the level of the sea ?
The level of seawater remains the same everywhere. Elevation of land is measured
from the level of the sea, which is taken as zero.
2. State the deepest part of the earth, where is it found and also mention its depth.
Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the earth that lies in the Pacific Ocean and its
depth is 11,022 metres.
3. What is the total land area covered by Asia ?
Asia, the largest continent covers about one-third of the total land area of the earth.
4. Name the latitudes that pass through –
a. Asia : The Tropic of Cancer passes through Asia.
b. Europe : The Arctic Circle passes through Europe.
c. Africa : Africa is the only continent through which the Tropic of Cancer,
the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn pass.
d. South America : The Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn pass through South
America.
5. What is Strait ?
A Strait is a narrow passage of water connecting two large water bodies like seas
and oceans. Example – Palk Strait is the strait between India and Sri Lanka.
6. What is an Isthmus ?
An Isthmus is a narrow strip of land joining two landmasses. Example – the Isthmus
of Panama is a very narrow strip of land joining North America to South America.
7. Name the major oceans of the earth in order of their size.
The five major oceans are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean,
the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean in order of their size.
8. What are the three chief movements of ocean waters ?
The three chief movements of ocean waters are the waves, the tides and the ocean
currents.
9. What is the shape of –
a. The Pacific Ocean : The Pacific Ocean is almost circular in shape.
b. The Atlantic Ocean : The Atlantic Ocean is ‘S’ in shape.
c. The Indian Ocean : The Indian Ocean is almost triangular in shape.
10. Why does the coastline of the Atlantic Ocean provides ideal location for natural harbours
and ports ?
The coastline of Atlantic Ocean is highly indented. This irregular and indented coastline
provides ideal location for natural harbours and ports.
11. On what basis is the atmosphere divided into layers ?
The atmosphere is divided into layers based on composition, temperature and other
properties.

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12. What are the divisions of the organisms in the biosphere ?
The organisms in the biosphere may be broadly be divided into the plant kingdom
and animal kingdom.
13. Which two oceans are connected by the Bering Strait ?
The Arctic Ocean is connected with the Pacific Ocean by a narrow stretch of shallow
water known as the Bering Strait.
14. Name –
a. World largest hot desert : The Sahara Desert is the World’s largest hot desert
located in Africa
b. World longest river : The Nile is the World’s longest river that flows
through Africa.
c. World longest mountain range : The Andes is the World’s longest mountain range
located in South America.
d. World largest river : The Amazon is the World’s largest river that flows
through South America.
e. Smallest Continent : Australia is the smallest continent, also called as
‘Island’ continent.
15. State in percentage –
i. More than 71 % of the earth is covered with water.
ii. 29 % of the earth is covered by land.
iii. 97.2 % of the earth’s water is found in the oceans.
iv. 0.03 % of fresh water is available on earth.
v. The atmosphere is composed of Nitrogen 78 %, Oxygen 21 %, and other gases like
carbon dioxide, argon and other comprise 1 % by volume.
vi. In Greek language, ‘Lithos’ means stone, ‘Atmos’ means Vapour, ‘Hudor’ means
water and ‘Bios’ means life.

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