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Divisibility Rules: Note That (Sum of Odd Digits - Sum of Even Digits) Is Either 0 or 11

The document outlines divisibility rules for numbers 2 through 47. It provides methods to determine if a number is divisible by a prime number based on its digits. For most numbers, you either add or subtract a multiple of the last digit from the remaining digits and check if the result is divisible by the prime number. The rules follow logical patterns based on identifying the number as a multiple of the prime number minus or plus a term related to the last digit.

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132 views2 pages

Divisibility Rules: Note That (Sum of Odd Digits - Sum of Even Digits) Is Either 0 or 11

The document outlines divisibility rules for numbers 2 through 47. It provides methods to determine if a number is divisible by a prime number based on its digits. For most numbers, you either add or subtract a multiple of the last digit from the remaining digits and check if the result is divisible by the prime number. The rules follow logical patterns based on identifying the number as a multiple of the prime number minus or plus a term related to the last digit.

Uploaded by

Sasi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Divisibility Rules

divisible by 2 if its last digit is even (i.e. 0,2,4,6 or 8).


divisible by 3  if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3
divisible by 4 if the last two digits is divisible by 4. (e.g., last 2 digits 00,04,16,64,72,88..)
divisible by 5  if the last digit is 5 or 0
divisible by 6  If it is divisible by 2 and 3
divisible by 7 Double the last digit and subtract it from the remaining digits and check if the result is divisible by 7
(e.g., 245; 24-10=14; so it is divisible by 7)
divisible by 8 if the last three digits is divisible by 8. (e.g., last 3 digits 000,064,728..)
divisible by 9  if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9
divisible by 10  if the last digit is 0
divisible by 11 Subtract the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 11.
Eg: 19151--> 1915-1 =1914 -->191-4=187 -->18-7=11, so yes, 19151 is divisible by 11
Note that (Sum of odd digits – sum of even digits) is either 0 or 11
divisible by 12 If it is divisible by 3 and 4
divisible by 13 Add four times the last digit to the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 13.
Eg: 5668-->566+32=598-->59+32=91 and 91 is 7*13, so 5668 is divisible by 13.
divisible by 14 If it is divisible by 2 and 7
divisible by 15 If it is divisible by 3 and 5
divisible by 16 If the thousands digit is even, the last three digits must be divisible by 16. 
If the thousands digit is odd, the last three digits plus 8 must be divisible by 16.
{To check the divisibility of the three digit number, add the last two digits to four times the rest and
check if it is divisible by 16.}
divisible by 17 Subtract five times the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 17. Eg:
3978-->397-5*8=357-->35-5*7=0. So 3978 is divisible by 17
divisible by 18 If it is divisible by 2 and 9
divisible by 19 Add two times the last digit to the remaining digits ands ee if the result is divisible by 19. 
Eg: 10127-->1012+2*7=1026-->102+2*6=114 and 114=6*19, so 10127 is divisible by 19.
divisible by 20 If it is divisible by 4 and 5
divisible by 21 If it is divisible by 3 and 7
divisible by 22 If it is divisible by 2 and 11
divisible by 23 Add 7 times the last digit to the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 23. 
Eg: 17043-->1704+7*3=1725-->172+7*5=207 which is 9*23, so 17043 is also divisible by 23.
divisible by 29 Add three times the last digit to the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 29. 
Eg: 15689-->1568+3*9=1595-->159+3*5=174-->17+3*4=29, so 15689 is also divisible by 29.
divisible by 31 Subtract three times the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 31. 
Eg: 7998-->799-3*8=775-->77-3*5=62 which is twice 31, so 7998 is also divisible by 31
divisible by 37 Subtract eleven times the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 37. 
Eg: 23384-->2338-11*4=2294-->229-11*4=185 which is 5*37, so 23384 is also divisible by 37
divisible by 41 Subtract four times the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 41. 
Example: 3075-->307-4*5=287-->28-4*7=0, remainder is zero and so 3075 is also divisible by 41
divisible by 43 Add thirteen times the last digit to the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 43. 
Eg: 3182-->318+13*2=344-->34+13*4=86 which is twice 43, and so 3182 is also divisible by 43. 
Alternately subtract thirty times the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is
divisible by 43. 
divisible by 47 Subtract 14 times the last digit from the remaining digits and see if the result is divisible by 47. 
Eg: 34827-->3482-14*7=3384-->338-14*4=282-->28-14*2=0 , and so 34827 is divisible by 47.
For large numbers, Apply the rule over and over again as necessary. 
Logic behind the divisibility rules for Prime divisors

Try to represent N as f −M ×r where r is the rear digit and f the remaining digits; N=10 f +r ;

To find M, we need to find the smallest multiple of Divisor P which ends in 1 or 9;

If it ends with 1, we are going to SUBTRACT the leading digit(s) of the multiple as our M;

E.g., For P=17, three times 17 is 51. As it ends in 1, we are going to subtract 5 times the rear
number; N=10 f +r ; multiplying by -5, we get −5 N=−50 f −5 r ; Adding 51 f to both sides we get
51 f −5 N =51 f −50 f −5 r =f −5 r ;

If N is divisible by P then N=Px where x is a whole number, so 17 × ( 3 f −5 x )=f −5 r

So if N is divisible by 17, then ( f −5 r ) should be divisible by 17.

For P=37, three time 37 is 111, so M is 11;

If it ends with 9, we are going to ADD the leading digit(s) of the multiple plus one as our M;

E.g., For P=23, three times 23 is 69. As it ends in 9, we are going to add (6+1) times the rear
number; N=10 f +r ; multiplying by 7, we get 7 N=70 f +7 r ; Subtracting 69 f from both sides we
get 7 N−69 f =70 f −69 f +7 r=f +7 r ;

If N is divisible by P then N=Px where x is a whole number, so 23 × ( 7 x−3 f )=f +7 r

So if N is divisible by 23, then ( f + 7 r ) should be divisible by 23.

For P=43, three times 23 is 129. So M is 13;

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