A

Micro Project Report

On

Prepare a report on smart city ‘’

IN FULFILMENT OF DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING OF
MSBTE MUMBAI
Submitted by:

Prajyot Gajanan. Kotkar (3416)

Sumit. R. Mulik (3413)

Program name: Electronics And Telecommunication

Course Name: Emerging Trends in Electronics (22636)
Subject Teacher: Ms.A.A.Jamdar

Department of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering

Shree Swami Vivekanand Shikshan Sanstha’s
Dr. BAPUJI SALUNKHE INSTITUTE OF ENGINNERING AND TECHNOLOGY KOLHAPUR
Academic Year 2021-2022
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It’s our Pleasure to express sincere and heartiest thanks to our Micro-Project guide
Ms.A, A. Jamdar for their valuable guidance, encouragement and support for the
accomplishment of Micro-Project.
We are also really thankful to our Principal Prof. Patil Ramachandra G. and the
Head of Department Mrs. S.M. Pawar for their constant encouragement and
motivation for the accomplishment of the Micro-Project by expressing their
guidelines regarding importance of Micro-Project in developing our career,
I am thankful to Co-workers of this Micro-Project for their valuable contribution. We
are thankful to all those peoples who directly or indirectly helped us in completion of
this Micro-Project.

Name of Students-

Prajyot Kotkar (3416)

Sumit Mulik (3413)
 Shree Swami Vivekanand Shikshan Sanstha’s

Dr. Bapuji Salunkhe Institute of Engineering & Technology, Kolhapur.

CERTIFICATE
This is to Certify that the following students of Third Year Engineering have completed
their Micro-Project work on “Prepare report on smart city” This is in partial fulfilment of
the requirements for the award of the Diploma in Computer Engineering and submitted to
the Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering Department of Dr. Bapuji Salunkhe
Institute of Engineering & Technology, Kolhapur work carried out during a period of the
academic year 2021-2022 as prescribed the curriculum of MSBTE.

Place: Kolhapur
Date:

Ms. A. A. Jamdar Mrs. S.M. Pawar Prof. R.G. Patil

Microproject guide. HOD. Principal.
 INDEX

Sr. No. Contents

1 Rationale

2 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project

3 Course Outcome Achieved

4 Literature Review

5 Actual Methodology Followed

6 Actual Resources Used

7 Outputs of the Micro-Project

8 Skill Developed / Learning outcome of this

Micro Project

9 Application of this Micro-Project

10 References
 1.0 Rationale:

2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project

Aim: prepare report on smart city.

3.0 Course Outcomes Addressed:

4.0 Literature Search:

Sr No. Title of Book /Website Author

1.

5.0 Actual Methodology Followed

Collected information about the selected topics from appropriate
resources .

6.0 Actual Resources Used

Sr. No. Names of Resources/material Specifications

 Dell OptiPlex 3010 I3
1. Computer System processor, 4gb RAM, 500gb
HDD

2. Operating System Windows 7

3. Software Microsoft Word (2011)

7.0 Outputs of the Micro-Project:

SMART CITY
There are a number of definitions of what makes a city ‘smart,’ for example, IBM defines a
smart city as “one that makes optimal use of all the interconnected information available
today to better understand and control its operations and optimise the use of limited
resources.”

However, in short, a smart city uses a framework of information and communication

technologies to create, deploy and promote development practices to address urban
challenges and create a joined-up technologically-enabled and sustainable infrastructure.

Smart City Technologies

Smart cities use a variety of software, user interfaces and communication networks
alongside the Internet of Things (IoT) to deliver connected solutions for the public. Of these,
the IoT is the most important. The IoT is a network of connected devices that communicate
and exchange data. This can include anything from vehicles to home appliances and on-street
sensors. Data collected from these devices is stored in the cloud or on servers to allow for
improvements to be made to both public and private sector efficiencies and deliver economic
benefits and improvements to the lives of citizens.

Many of the IoT devices use edge computing, which ensures that only the most relevant and
important data is delivered over the communication network. In addition, a security system is
implemented to protect, monitor and control the transmission of data from the smart city
network and prevent unauthorised access to the IoT network of city’s data platform.

Alongside the IoT solutions, smart cities also use technologies including:
 Smart City Features

Combining automation, machine learning and the IoT is allowing for the adoption of smart city
technologies for a variety of applications. For example, smart parking can help drivers find a
parking space and also allow for digital payment.

Another example would be smart traffic management to monitor traffic flows and optimise
traffic lights to reduce congestion, while ride-sharing services can also be managed by a smart
city infrastructure.

Smart city features can also include energy conservation and environmental efficiencies, such
as streetlights that dim when the roads are empty. Such smart grid technologies can improve
everything from operations to maintenance and planning to power supplies.

Smart city initiatives can also be used to combat climate change and air pollution as well as
waste management and sanitation via internet-enabled rubbish collection, bins and fleet
management systems.

Aside from services, smart cities allow for the provision of safety measures such as monitoring
areas of high crime or using sensors to enable an early warning for incidents like floods,
landslides, hurricanes or droughts.

Smart buildings can also offer real-time space management or structural health monitoring
and feedback to determine when repairs are necessary. Citizens can also access this system to
notify officials of any problems, such as potholes, while sensors can also monitor
infrastructure problems such as leaks in water pipes.

In addition, smart city technology can improve the efficiency of manufacturing, urban farming,
energy use, and more.

Smart cities can connect all manner of services to provide joined up solutions for citizens.

History of Smart Cities

The concept of smart cities began as far back as the 1960s and 1970s when the US
Community Analysis Bureau began using databases, aerial photography and cluster analysis
to collect data, direct resources and issue reports in order to direct services, mitigate against
disasters and reduce poverty. This led to the creation of the first generation of smart cities.

The first generation of smart city was delivered by technology providers to understand the
implications of technology on daily life. This led to the second generation of smart city, which
looked at how smart technologies and other innovations could create joined-up municipal
solutions. The third generation of smart city took the control away from technology providers
and city leaders, instead creating a model that involved the public and enabled social inclusion
and community engagement.

This third generation model was adopted by Vienna, who created a partnership with the local
Wien Energy company, allowing citizens to invest in local solar plants as well as working with
the public to resolve gender equality and affordable housing issues. Such adoption has
continued around the world, including in Vancouver, where 30,000 citizens co-created the
Vancouver Greenest City 2020 Action Plan.

How Smart Cities Work

Smart cities follow four steps to improve the quality of life and enable economic growth
through a network of connected IoT devices and other technologies. These steps are as
follows:

1. Collection – Smart sensors gather real-time data

2. Analysis – The data is analysed to gain insights into the operation of city services and
operations

3. Communication – The results of the data analysis are communicated to decision makers

4. Action – Action is taken to improve operations, manage assets and improve the quality of
city life for the residents

The ICT framework brings together real time data from connected assets, objects and
machines to improve decision making. However, in addition, citizens are able to engage and
interact with smart city ecosystems through mobile devices and connected vehicles and
buildings. By pairing devices with data and the infrastructure of the city, it is possible to cut
costs, improve sustainability and streamline factors such as energy distribution and refuse
collection, as well as offering reduced traffic congestion, and improve air quality.

Why Smart Cities Are Important

54% of the world’s population live in cities and this is expected to rise to 66% by 2050, adding
a further 2.5 billion people to the urban population over the next three decades. With this
expected population growth there comes a need to manage environmental, social and
economic sustainability of resources. 

Smart cities allow citizens and local government authorities to work together to launch
initiatives and use smart technologies to manage assets and resources in the growing urban
environment.
 Why do we need them?

A smart city should provide an urban environment that delivers a high quality of life to
residents while also generating economic growth. This means delivering a suite of joined-up
services to citizens with reduced infrastructure costs.

This becomes increasingly important in the light of the future population growth in urban
areas, where more efficient use of infrastructure and assets will be required. Smart city
services and applications will allow for these improvements which will lead to a higher quality
of life for citizens.

Smart city improvements also provide new value from existing infrastructure while creating
new revenue streams and operational efficiencies to help save money for governments and
citizens alike.

Are Smart Cities Sustainable?

Sustainability is an important aspect of smart cities as they seek to improve efficiencies in

urban areas and improve citizen welfare. Cities offer many environmental advantages, such as
smaller geographical footprints, but they also have some negative impacts, including the use
of fossil fuels to power them. However, smart technologies could help alleviate these negative
effects, such as through the implementation of an electric transport system to reduce
emissions. Electric vehicles could also help to regulate the frequency of the electric grid while
not in use. 

Such sustainable transport options should also see a reduction in the number of cars in urban
areas as autonomous vehicles are expected to reduce the need for car ownership amongst
the population.

Creating such sustainable solutions could deliver environmental and societal benefits.

Smart City Challenges

For all of the benefits offered by smart cities, there are also challenges to overcome. These
include government officials allowing widespread participation from citizens. There is also a
need for the private and public sectors to align with residents so that everyone can positively
contribute to the community.

Smart city projects need to be transparent and available to citizens via an open data portal or
mobile app. This allows residents to engage with the data and complete personal tasks like
paying bills, finding efficient transportation options and assessing energy consumption in the
home.
This all requires a solid and secure system of data collection and storage to prevent hacking or
misuse. Smart city data also needs to be anonymised to prevent privacy issues from arising.

The largest challenge is quite probably that of connectivity, with thousands or even millions of
IoT devices needing to connect and work in unison. This will allow services to be joined up and
ongoing improvements to be made as demand increases. 

Technology aside, smart cities also need to account for social factors that provide a cultural
fabric that is attractive to residents and offer a sense of place.  This is particularly important
for those cities that are being created from the ground up and need to attract residents.

Conclusion

Creating smart connected systems for our urban areas provides a great many benefits for
citizens around the world, not only to improve quality of life, but also to
ensure sustainability and the best possible use of resources.

These solutions are dependent on a unified approach from government as well as the private
sector and residents themselves. With the correct support and infrastructure, however, smart
cities can use advances such as the Internet of Things to enhance the lives of residents and
create joined-up living solutions for the growing global urban citizenry.

TWI has expertise in many of the underpinning technologies of a new smart future, including
sensors, electrification and power generation solutions.
10. References URL:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_city