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    2 - Defining Finite Element Analysis

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    nduhura wycliff
    This document provides an overview of finite element analysis (FEA) and its use in mechanical engineering. It discusses how FEA is a numerical method used to solve complex engineering problems by breaking them down into smaller discrete elements. FEA is used to analyze how mechanical structures react to forces, stresses, and other real-world conditions. Examples of common FEA applications include structural analysis of vehicles, stress analysis, heat transfer modeling, and vibration analysis. FEA plays an important role in product design and validation across many industries.

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    2 - Defining Finite Element Analysis

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    nduhura wycliff
    52 views20 pages
    This document provides an overview of finite element analysis (FEA) and its use in mechanical engineering. It discusses how FEA is a numerical method used to solve complex engineering problems by breaking them down into smaller discrete elements. FEA is used to analyze how mechanical structures react to forces, stresses, and other real-world conditions. Examples of common FEA applications include structural analysis of vehicles, stress analysis, heat transfer modeling, and vibration analysis. FEA plays an important role in product design and validation across many industries.

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    Finite Element Analysis notes

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    2_ Defining Finite Element Analysis

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    This document provides an overview of finite element analysis (FEA) and its use in mechanical engineering. It discusses how FEA is a numerical method used to solve complex engineering problems by breaking them down into smaller discrete elements. FEA is used to analyze how mechanical structures react to forces, stresses, and other real-world conditions. Examples of common FEA applications include structural analysis of vehicles, stress analysis, heat transfer modeling, and vibration analysis. FEA plays an important role in product design and validation across many industries.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    52 views20 pages

    2 - Defining Finite Element Analysis

    Uploaded by

    nduhura wycliff
    This document provides an overview of finite element analysis (FEA) and its use in mechanical engineering. It discusses how FEA is a numerical method used to solve complex engineering problems by breaking them down into smaller discrete elements. FEA is used to analyze how mechanical structures react to forces, stresses, and other real-world conditions. Examples of common FEA applications include structural analysis of vehicles, stress analysis, heat transfer modeling, and vibration analysis. FEA plays an important role in product design and validation across many industries.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    Faculty of Engineering, Technology, Applied Design and Fine Art

    Department of Mechanical Engineering

    BME 4106 Computer Aided


    Engineering
    Lecture 2: Introduction to Finite Element
    Analysis (FEA)

    By
    Isaac Ndawula
    BSc Eng. (BU), MSc Eng. (E-JUST)

    0774 793705, 0750 573035


    [email protected]
    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 1
    Lecture Outline

    ▪ Overview
    ▪ Methods for Solving An Engineering Problem
    ▪ The Different Numerical Methods
    ▪ Introduction to Partial Differential Equations (PDEs)
    ▪ What is Finite Element Analysis (FEA)?
    ▪ Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 2


    Overview
    ▪ Engineering simulation is the use of numerical, physical or logical models of
    systems and scientific problems in predicting their response to different physical
    conditions.
    ▪ In mechanical structural simulation, the finite element method is the numerical
    method used to solve problems to predict the behavior of a structure.
    ▪ To solve a problem, the finite element method subdivides a large problem into
    smaller, simpler parts called finite elements.
    ▪ The simple equations that model these finite elements are then assembled into
    a larger system of equations that models the entire problem.
    ▪ The mathematical formulation of the problem results in a system of algebraic
    equations, and advanced algorithms compute the approximate values of
    unknowns at a discrete number of points across the domain.

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 3


    Overview Cond…
    ▪ The finite element method permits the engineers to compute the stiffness and
    strength of the analyzed structure and visualize the displacement and
    distribution of stresses and strains within it.
    ▪ It is used to solve problems of engineering and mathematical physics; complex
    elasticity and structural problems in civil, mechanical, and aerospace
    engineering; and issues of heat transfer, fluid flow, and electromagnetic
    potential.

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 4


    Methods for Solving an Engineering Problem
    Numerical Methods vs Classical Methods

    Three methods for solving engineering problems


    1. Classical Methods
    2. Numerical Methods
    3. The Experimental Method
    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 5
    Methods for Solving an Engineering Problem
    1. Classical Methods
    ▪ Methods give accurate results ( In some cases).
    ▪ Based on closed-form solutions.
    ▪ Only applicable to very simple problems.
    ▪ Many reductive assumptions
    2. Numerical Methods
    ▪ Used to solve real-life engineering complex problems.
    ▪ With the advent of powerful computers, numerical methods have proven to be
    increasingly accurate and reliable in solving complex problems.
    ▪ Less reductive assumptions
    3. Experimental Methods
    ▪ Based on measurements performed on a physical prototype
    ▪ Time consuming and expensive
    ▪ Useful for validating numerical models
    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 6
    The Different Numerical Methods
    1. Finite Element Method (Widely used)

    2. Boundary Element Method

    3. Finite Volume Method

    4. Finite Difference Method

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 7


    Introduction to Partial Differential Equations (PDEs)

    Many of the basic laws of


    science are expressed as
    PDEs, for example:

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 8


    What is Finite Element Analysis (FEA)?
    ▪ The behavior of the mechanical structure can be described by the governing
    differential equations (Need to be solved).
    ▪ The finite element method is used to solve complex problems of engineering and
    is useful for problems with complicated geometries, loadings, and material
    properties, in which analytical solutions are not applicable.
    ▪ Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to predict the response of mechanical
    structures to environmental factors such as forces, pressure, temperature,
    vibrations, and so on.
    ▪ FEA functionality software in the mechanical structural industry are NASTRAN,
    ANSYS, and ABAQUS.

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 9


    What is Finite Element Analysis (FEA)?
    FEA is now used routinely to solve problems in the following areas:

    ▪ Structural strength design ▪ Buckling problems


    ▪ Structural interaction with fluid ▪ Dynamic analysis
    flows ▪ Electromagnetic evaluation
    ▪ Shock analysis ▪ Metal forming
    ▪ Acoustics ▪ Mass diffusion
    ▪ Thermal analysis
    ▪ Vibration
    ▪ Crash simulation
    ▪ Fluid flow
    ▪ Electrical analysis

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 10


    What is Finite Element Analysis (FEA)?
    FEA is useful at every stage of product design, as follows.

    1. Before, to define the product: FEA helps the engineer create a feasible design.

    2. After the product is designed: FEA permits the validation of the defined design.

    3. After the product is released: FEA can be used to investigate product failures.
    Meaning of Finite
    Element Analysis
    (FEA)

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 11


    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Stability Failure Study of a Tank Structure

    Stability Study of an Industrial Chimney Stress Analysis of a Car Chassis


    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 12
    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Stress and Deformation Study of a Stiffened Structure

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 13


    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Stress Analysis of a Suspension


    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 14
    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Modal Analysis of the Car Body


    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 15
    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Contact Analysis in a Gear System

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 16


    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Study of the In-Flight Wing Up Bending of a Commercial Aircraft


    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 17
    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Model of Spine Vertebrae to Analyze Spinal Disc Problems


    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 18
    Examples of FEAs Performed on Mechanical Systems

    Transient Heat Transfer Analysis Aircraft Engine Analysis

    Thermal Analysis of Tires


    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 19
    I Thank You for Your Kind Attention

    Isaac Ndawula BME4106 Sem I 2021/22 20

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