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HAUSA

It will consist of two papers, Papers 1 and 2. Details on the papers are as follows:

Paper 1: Will be a multiple choice objective test which will last1 hour and carry 60
marks. It will have three sections, Sections A, B, and C.

SECTION A: LANGUAGE

Comprehension (2 short passages) - 10 items

Composition/Letter Writing - 4 items
Sound System - 6 items
Grammar - 6 items
Translation - 4 items
30 items
SECTION B: LITERATURE

Basic Principles of Literary Appreciation - 4 items

Oral Literature Prose - 3 items)
Poetry - 3 items) 13 items
Drama - 3 items)

Written Literature Prose - 3 items)

Poetry - 3 items) 9 items
Drama - 3 items)

SECTION C: CULTURE
Customs - 4 items)
Institutions - 4 items) 8 items

TOTAL – (30 + 22 + 8) = 60 items

In Section B, all questions other than those on Basic Principles of Literary Appreciation
will be on the set books for Paper 2.

PAPER 2: This will be an essay test which will also be in three sections, Sections A, B
and C. The rubrics shall be written in Hausa. The paper will take 2 hours and carry 100
marks. Candidates will be required to answer six questions as follows:
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Three from Section A, two from Section B and one from Section C. Candidates will be
required to answer questions in the official Hausa orthography using the appropriate
metalanguage.

CONTENT OF PAPER 2

SECTION A: LANGUAGE
(i) Composition/Letter Writing

Candidates are advised to write an essay of about 300 words on the topic chosen.
Candidates are advised to spend not more than 45 minutes on this question. The
topics will include any of the following essay type:

Narrative - Insha’i Na Labari

Descriptive - Insha’i Na Siffance
Argumentative - Insha’i Na Muhawara
Expository - Insha’i Na Bayani
Dialogue - Muhawara ta kai tsaye
Proverbial - Karin Magana
Letter Writing - Rubutun Wasika

(ii) Sound System (Tsarin Sauti)

Candidates will be required to answer one question from the two questions set.

Questions will be set testing candidates’ knowledge of:

(a) Consonants, Vowels and Syllable Structure:

(Furucin bakake da wasula da kirar gaba)

- their production in terms of place, manner and status of glotis

e.g. bilabials, nasals, voice and voiceless sounds.
(Gurbi da yanayi da matsayin makwallato na furucinsu misali ’yan
lebba da ’yan hanci da mai ziza ko maras ziza)

- Syllable Structure – the way consonants and vowels combine in

syllable.

…/2

Structure of Syllable (Tsarin gaba)

- Consonant + vowel (cv) – BW
- Consonant + vowel + vowel (cvv) - BWW
- Consonant + vowel + consonant (cvc) – BWB
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Types of Syllable (ire-iren gaba)

- open syllable (budaddiyar gaba)
- close syllable (rufaffiyar gaba)

Vowel production (furucin Wasula)

- vowel length – short and long vowels, dipthongs
(gajeru da dogaye da tagwan wasula)

Tone (Karin Sauti)

- High tone (Karin sautin sama)
- Low tone (Karin sautin kasa)
- Falling tone (Karin sauti mai faduwa)

(iii) Grammar (Nahawu)

Candidates will be required to answer one question from the two questions set.
Contents:
(a) Word Structure And Word Formation (Ginin kalmomi):
- Root - (saiwa)
- Affix - (dafi)
- Prefix - (dafa goshi)
- Infix - (dafa ciki)
- Suffix - (dafa keya)

(b) Word Classes (Azuzuwan kalmomi):

- Noun - (suna)
- Verb - (Aikatau)
- Adjective - (sifa)
- Adverb - (Bayanau)
- Pronoun - (Wakilin Suna)
- Conjunction- (Mahadi)
- Specifier - (Mafayyaci)
- Quantifier - (Ma’auni)
- Demostrative - (Nunau)
- Ideophone - (Amsa-kama)
- Diminutive - (Tsigilau)
…/3

- Stabilizer - (Dirka)
- Referential- (Madanganci)
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(c) Grammatical Categories (Rukunonin Nahawu)

- Tense and Aspect - (Lokutan aiki)

- General Past - (Shudadden Lokaci Na I)
- Relative Past - (Shudadden Lokaci Na II)
- General Continuous - (Lokaci Mai Ci Na I)
- Relative Continuous - (Lokaci Mai Ci Na II)
- First Future - (Lokaci Na Gaba Na I)
- Second Future - (Lokaci Na Gaba Na II)
- Habitual - (Lokaci Na Sabo)
- Subjunctive - (Umurtau)
- Negative - (Korewa)
- Gender - (Jinsi)
- Number - (Adadi)

(d) The structure and Types of Sentences:

(Tsari da ire-iren jumloli)

- Subject and predicate - (yankin suna da na aikatau)

- Simple sentence - (sassaukar Jumla)
- Complex sentence - (sarkakkiyar Jumla)
- Compound sentence - (Hardaddiyar Jumla)

SECTION B: LITERATURE

This section will consist of Oral and Written Literature and six questions will be set, out
of which Two will be attempted, i.e. one from Oral Literature and one from Written
Literature.

There will be six set books, three on Oral Literature and three on Written Literature.

(i) Oral Literature:

- Prose (Tatsuniya da tarihihi da Karin Magana da Ka-Cinci-

Ka-Cinci
- Poetry (Wakokin Baka)
- Drama (Wasannin Gargajiya)

…/4

In Oral Literature, there will be 3 set books covering the different

genres. One question will be set from each set book and
candidates will be required to answer any one of the three
questions.
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(ii) Written Literature:

In Written Literature, there will be 3 set books covering the

different genres. One question will be set from each set book and
candidates will be required to answer any one of the three
questions.

- Prose (Zube)
- Poetry (Rubutattun wakoki)
- Drama (Wasan kwaikwayo)

SECTION C: CULTURE

This Section will test candidates’ knowledge of any of the following items on customs
and Institutions: Two questions will be set and candidates will be required to answer
one.

Topics to be examined will include:

(i) Greeting:
- Gaisuwar ban girma
- Gaisuwar taya murna
- Gaisuwar lokatai (safiya, rana, la’asar, damina, rani, d.s.)
- Jaje
- Ta’aziyya

(ii) Tarbiyya:
Hanyoyin tarbiyya (tsawa, kwabo, harara, horo, d.s.)
- Girmama iyaye
- Girmama na gaba
- Girmama tsara
- Da’a ga hukuma

(iii) Hospitality (karimci):

- Girmama bako
- Kyauta
- Ciyarwa
- Sadaka
…/5
(iv) Family (Iyali):
- Al’adun Aure
- Haihuwa
- Radin Suna
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- Reno
- Yaye
- Kaciya
- Zumunci
- Al’adun Mutuwa

(v) Traditional Beliefs and Practices:

Al’adun da suka saba wa addini misali: camfi, bori, duba, tsibbu, maita, fatalwa,
d.s.

(vi) Traditional Occupations (sana’o’ in gargajiya):

- Noma
- Kira
- Saka
- Jima
- Wanzanci
- Kitso
- Sassaka
- Kiwo
- Dukanci
- Fawa
- Su
- Rini
- Kasuwanci
- Dillanci

(vii) Traditional Medicine (Magungunan gargajiya):

Masu ba da maganin gargajiya. Misali:
- Magori
- ’yar maiganye
- bokaye
- Wanzamai, d.s.

(viii) Traditional Authority and office holding (sarautun gargajiya)

- Sarki
- Hakimi
- Dagaci
- Mai Unguwa
…/6
- Shamaki
- Shantali
- Sarkin Zagi
- Liman
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- Sarkin fada, d.s.

(ix) Forms of Traditional Recreation (Wasannin dandali):

- Dambe
- Kokawa
- Kalankuwa
- Shanci
- Sukuwa
- Hawan kaho

WEIGHTING:

Composition/Letter Writing - 25 marks

Other five questions (15 marks each) - 75 marks
Total - 100 marks

SUMMARY

Paper 1 - 60 marks
Paper 2 - 100 marks

Maximum Marks Obtainable - 160 marks

(to be scaled down to 100%)

LIST OF HAUSA TEXTS FOR THE WEST AFRICAN SENIOR SCHOOL

CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION (WASSCE)

2014 – 2015

Language

Sound System And Grammar - Tsarin Sauti Da Nahawun Hausa

Sani, M. A. Z., U.P. Plc, Ibadan, 1999

Reference - Exam Focus

Hausa Language
Sani, M. A. Z. et al. U.P. Plc, Ibadan, 2000

- Darussan Hausa 1 – 3
Yahaya, I. Y. et al; U.P. Plc, Ibadan, 1992
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Literature

Oral Literature

Prose - Labarun Gargajiya 2

Yahaya, I. Y, O.U.P. Zaria 1977

Poetry - Kowa Ya Sha Kida

Muhammad, S. I, Longman Nigeria Plc Lagos reprint 2003

Drama - Wasannin Tashe A Kasar Hausa

Umar, M. B. NNPC Zaria, 1980

Written Literature

Prose - Nagari Na Kowa

Jabiru, A. NNPC, Zaria reprint 2004

Poetry - Ciza ka Busa

Ismaila, J., Longman Nig Plc Lagos, reprint 2002

Drama - Zamanin Nan Namu

Shu’aibu, M. NNPC, Zaria, reprint 1983

…/1

Reference Texts

Literature - Jagoran Nazarin Kagaggun Labarai

Mukhtar, I., A.J. Publishers, Kano, 2002

- Rabe-raben Adabi Da Muhimmancinsa

Dangambo, A., Truimp Publishing Company, Kano,
1984

- Harshe Da Adabin Hausa A Kamalle

Ismaila, J. and Tanimu, M. Y.
Spectrum Books, Ibadan, 2007

Culture - Rayuwar Hausawa

CSNL/BUK, Nelson Lagos, 1980
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- Hausa Customs
Madauci, I. el al, NNPC, Zaria, 1970

- Labaru Na Da Da Na Yanzu
NNPC, 1985

- Zaman Mutum Da Sana’arsa

E. M. Rimmer, et al, NNPC, Zaria, reprint 2002

…/2