Automatic Street Light Project Report PDF Free
Automatic Street Light Project Report PDF Free
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Certificate 3
Abstract 4
Declaration 5
Acknowledgement 6
Objective 7
Introduction 8
Component used- Part A 10
Component used-Part B 11
555 integrated circuit 12
IC-555 Astable operation 15
Schematic for constant HV power supply 16
Condenser Microphone 19
Capacitor 21
Piezo buzzer 22
Relay 23
Telemetry circuit explanation 25
Working of telephone cradle switch 26
Dual tone multiple frequency encoder 30
Working of system 32
C program embedded code 37
Applications 40
Bibliography 41
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CERTIFICATE
[3]
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this submission is own work and that, to the best of my
knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by
another person nor material which to a substantial extend has been accepted for the
award of the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other
institute of the higher leaning except where due acknowledgement has been made
in the text.
Signature:
Name:
Roll No.:
Date:
[4]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I am deeply indebted to my mentor Ast. Prof. SATYJEET DAS
who inspiration has been unfailingly available to me at all stages of my training.
This has fueled my enthusiasm even further and encouraged me to boldly step into
what was a totally dark and unexplored expanse before me.
I would like to thank Prof. Y.K SAH for his efforts, who was always ready with a
positive comment, whether it was an off-hand comment to encourage me or
constructive piece of criticism.
In course of present work it has been my privilege to receive help and assistance of
my friends. I take great pleasure in acknowledge my debt to them.
I wish to thank my parents for their undivided support and interest who inspired
me and encouraged me to go my own way, without whom I would be unable to
complete my project. At last but not the least I want to thank my friends who
appreciated me for my work and motivated me and finally to God who made all the
things possible.
Signature:
Name:
Roll no.
Date:
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CHAPTER :- 1
Project Overview
Introduction Of Project
[6]
CHAPTER :- 2
BLOCK DIAGRAM AND ITS
DESCRIPTION
2.1 Basic Block Diagram
Enter Exit
Enter Sensor Signal Relay Driver
Conditioning A
T
Exit Sensor 8
Signal Light
Conditioning 9
S
5
Power Supply 2
1. Power Supply:-
Here we used +12V and +5V dc power supply. The
main function of this block is to provide the required amount
of voltage to essential circuits. +12 voltage is given. +12V is
given to relay driver. To get the +5V dc power supply we
have used here IC 7805, which provides the +5V dc
regulated power supply.
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(LDR). By using this sensor and its related circuit diagram
we can count the persons.
3. 89S52 Microcontroller:-
It is a low-power, high performance CMOS 8-bit
microcontroller with 8KB of Flash Programmable and
Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM). The device is
manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile
memory technology and is compatible with the MCS-51TM
instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the
program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a
conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By
combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic
hip, the Atmel AT89C52 is a powerful
Microcontroller, which provides a highly flexible and
cost effective solution so many embedded control
applications.
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CHAPTER :- 3
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Transmission Circuit:-
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Receiver Circuit:-
[12]
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:
1. Transmission Circuit:
[14]
2. Receiver Circuit:
[15]
4.1 Procedure Followed While Designing:
[16]
4.2 List of Components:
Microcontroller – AT89S52
IC – 7805
Preset – 4.7K
7-Segment Display
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4.3 Description of Components
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and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The
Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters,
serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The
Power-down mode saves the RAM con- tents but freezes the
oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt
or hardware reset.
FEATURES:-
8 KB Reprogrammable flash.
16 bit Timer/Counter—3.
8 Interrupt sources.
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Interrupt recovery from power down modes
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4.3.3 555 ( TIMER IC):
Description:
Features:
Direct replacement for SE555/NE555
Timing from microseconds through hours
Operates in both astable and monostable modes
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Adjustable duty cycle
Output can source or sink 200 mA
Output and supply TTL compatible
Temperature stability better than 0.005% per °C
Normally on and normally off output
Available in 8-pin MSOP package
Applications:
Precision timing
Pulse generation
Sequential timing
Time delay generation
Pulse width modulation
Pulse position modulation
Linear ramp generator
Description:
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chips, which are made from GaAsP on GaP substrate, and
has a red face and red segment.
Features:
Common Anode
0.52 Inch Digit Height
Continuous Uniform Segments
Low power Requirement
Excellent Characters Appearance
High Brightness & High Contrast
Wide Viewing Angle
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LM7805 (Voltage Regulator)
Description:
The KA78XX/KA78XXA series of three-terminal
positive regulator are available in the TO-220/D-PAK
package and with several fixed output voltages, making them
useful in a wide range of applications. Each type employs
internal current limiting, thermal shut down and safe
operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible.
If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A
output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage
regulators, these devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.
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Features:
Output Current up to 1A
Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24V
Thermal Overload Protection
Short Circuit Protection
Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection
[26]
CHAPTER :- 5
SOFTWARE DESIGN
FLOW CHART:
Start
Infrared Signal
Transmission
Turn Off
Light
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If the sensor 1 is interrupted first then the microcontroller
will look for the sensor 2. And if it is interrupted then the
microcontroller will increment the count and switch on the
relay, if it is first time interrupted.
If the sensor 2 is interrupted first then the microcontroller
will look for the sensor 1. And if it is interrupted then the
microcontroller will decrement the count.
When the last person leaves the room then counter goes to 0
and that time the relay will turn off. And light will be turn
off.
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Program
#include<reg51.h>
sbit SENS1=P3^0;
sbit SENS2=P3^1;
sbit OUT=P2^0;
void main()
{
int a=0;
SENS1=SENS2=1;
OUT=0;
P1=0;
while(1)
{
if(SENS1==0)
{
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a=a+1;
OUT=1;
if(a==0x0A ||a==0x1A ||a==0x2A ||a==0x3A ||a==0x4A
||a==0x5A ||a==0x6A)
{
a=a+6;
}
P1=a;
while(SENS1==0)
{
delay(10);
}
}
if(SENS2==0)
{
OUT=0;
}
}
}
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CHAPTER :- 6
TESTING AND RESULTS
I had issues with better or correct result, which I desired. And also
the software problem.
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We also had some soldering issues which were resolved using
continuity checks performed on the hardware.
We started testing the circuit from the power supply. There we got
over first trouble. After getting 9V from the transformer it was not
converted to 5V and the circuit received 9V.
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CHAPTER :- 8
APPLICATION, ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Application
o For counting purposes
o For automatic Soom light control
Advantages
o Low cost
o Easy to use
o Implement in single door
Disadvantages
o It is used only when one single vehicle cuts the rays of the
sensor hence it cannot be used when two person cross
simultaneously.
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CHAPTER :- 8
BIBILOGRAPHY
Bibliography
Reference Books
Programming in ANSI C: E BALAGURUSAMY
JANICE GILLISPIE
MAZIDI
Website
www.datasheets4u.com
www.8051.com
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