Preditor Program Cost and Contract Overview

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles June 2010
Program Briefing
The RQ-1A Predator is the US Air Forces first medium endurance UAV. The Predator stemmed from the earlier Tier 1 and Tier 2 Medium Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (MAE-UAV). The Tier 1 was developed primarily under CIA funding, and was operationally deployed for surveillance missions over the former Yugoslavia in 1993-94. It used the General Atomics Gnat 750 air vehicle. T h e u p g r a d e d v e r s io n , th e Gnat-750-TE Predator won the DoDs Tier 2 competition with a development award in January 1994 and in 1997 was redesignated as the RQ-1A Predator. The Predator was first deployed over Bosnia in the summer of 1995. The US Air Force assumed operational control of the Predator on 2 September 1996. The armed version of the RQ-1 Predator is designated as the MQ-1B Predator A The armed forces reached final agreement on the systems joint operational requirements document in the summer of 1997, and Predator became the first ACTD program to be approved for procurement in August 1997. The first series production contract for two GCS and 8 air vehicles was awarded to General Atomics on 20 August 1997. The US Air Force had a requirement for 12 systems and 101 air vehicles, but this number has steadily increased and totaled 320 through FY10. General Atomics delivered its 100th Predator on 5 February 2004. In 2007, the Air force reported it had lost about 49 of 90 operation Predators due to combat and accidents. In 2009, the Air Force announced plans to terminate MQ-1
Predator acquisition in favor of switching entirely to the MQ-9 Reaper. A new version of the Predator was announced in 2000, the Predator-B which was first acquired by NASA for research purposes. In its hunter-killer version for the Air Force, it is designated as the MQ-9A Reaper. The Air Force has been acquiring the MQ-9A alongside the MQ-1A Predator but in 2009 decided to shift entirely to the reaper. Procurement through FY10 has been 91 air vehicles. The US Army awarded a contract in May 2003 for three IGNAT UAVs based on the Predator to help define its UAV requirements for a divisional/corps level UAV called the Extended Range Multipurpose UAV (ERMP). A Predator derivative called MQ-1C Sky Warrior won the Army ERMP competition against a derivative of the Israeli Heron called Hunter II in 2005. The Army plans to acquire about 10 systems, each with 12 air vehicles for a total of about 132 air vehicles. In May 2008, the USAF and Army began planning to adopt a common version of the Predator based on the Army MQ-1C. However, with USAF Predator acquisition coming to an end, this may be limited to the last
20 Predators from the FY09 production batch. General Atomics and Lockheed Martin teamed to offer a derivative of the Predator called the Mariner (aka Predator B-ER) as a contender for the US Navys BAMS (Broad Area Mission Surveillance) requirement but it lost to the Global Hawk in April 2008. Italy became the first export customer for Predator. Britain began steps to lease or borrow Predators for operations in Iraq in early 2004 and in 2006 ordered two air vehicles, followed by an order for the RQ-9 Reaper in 2007. The Predator-B version was selected by NASAs Earth Science Enterprise for research applications as the Altair and first flew in June 2003; it is the first civil UAV to win an FAA airworthiness certificate which facilitates its use in national airspace. The Predator is also used by the Border Patrol with five in service in 2009. General Atomics has developed a jet-powered derivative of the Predator, called Avenger, for the USAF MQ-X Next Generation UAS program and a navalized version called Sea Avenger for the US Navy UCLASS requirement.
Executive
Big Safari Program Office Aeronautical Systems Center Air Force Materiel Command Wright Patterson AFB, OH (The Tier 1 element of this program was managed by the Central Intelligence Agency.)
Teal Group Corporation
World Missiles & UAVs Briefing
June 2010
RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper Manufacturer

General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Div. PO Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92186-9784 tel: (619) 455-4649
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Variants
RQ-1A PredatorThis is the designation for the baseline system, including the RQ-1K air vehicle. DERF funding from FY02 is being used to reconfigure all RQ-1A systems into the MQ-1B configuration. RQ-1B PredatorThis is the Block 1 system using the improved RQ-1L air vehicle. MQ-1B PredatorThis is the upgraded RQ-1B system which enables the air vehicle to employ the Hellfire missile. MQ-1C Warrior Block 0This is the Army version of the Predator, introduced as a stop gap in 2007 before the baseline Block 1 was available. It has many of the same features as the Block 1, but uses the USAF/General Atomics GCS rather than the AAI One System GCS, uses a C-band data-link instead of the faster high d ata rate Tactical Co mmo n Data-Link, lacks the automatic landing system and some other features. MQ-1C Warrior Block 1This is the baseline Army version of the Predator and first flew in December 2007. This Predator variant for the Army uses the AAI One System as its GCS. Each system includes 12 air vehicles, 5 GCS and associated equipment. RQ-1K Block 5 PredatorThis is the baseline version of the UAV used in the reconnaissance role. MQ-1L Predator Block 10 This is the upgraded version of the RQ-1K Block 5 modified to carry and launch th e H ellfire missile in th e hunter-killer role. This was officially accepted for service use in February 2005 several years after having actually gone into action. The initial production standard was called Block 5 which remained in production through 2003 when the FY02 aircraft shifted to Block 10 configuration. The Block 20 configuration introduces wingtip extensions for better hot/high operations. MQ-9A Reaper Spiral 0Formerly Predator-B, this is the enlarged version of the UAV and the baseline version of the new type. MQ-9A Reaper Spiral 1This is version integrates the Hellfire missile system on the platform. MQ-9A Reaper Spiral 2This is the improved version with higher gross weight, redundant flight avionics, digitally controlled engine, sensor and stores management computer, MIL-STD-1760 data bus and improved human-machine interface.
Subsystems
Launch System Launcher The Gnat-750 uses conventional aircraft-style launch and landing. Launch uses a conventional undercarriage. Up to 1997, the Predator had a mean time between crashes of 1,500 to 1,700 flight hours. A study conducted in 1996 by Sierra Nevada Corp. concluded that the Electronics Sensors The Tier 1 Gnat-750 is remotely piloted with several options. The UAV can be preprogrammed for autonomous operations, and can incorp o r a te a G P S /I N S o p tio n f o r improved accuracy. The datalink for flight control is a C-band, frequency selectable system with an optional digital video channel. The data link antenna on the Tier 1 was located in a tear-drop-shaped pod over the fuselage, developed by a team of Questech, General Atomics and GEC-Marconi on the basis of a $1.4 million US Army contract. The Army as part of the Joint Precision Strike program first successfully tested this system during a one-hour demonstration on 2 December 1993. The data was passed, via a manned relay airPredator could be integrated into the UAV Common Automatic Recovery System (U-CARS). General Atomic completed a three year study of the electro-magnetic aircraft launch system (EMALS) for potential use to launch the Predator from aircraft carriers. The Predator/reaper takes off and lands from a runway like a conventional aircraft. A Predator system includes one Ground Control Station (GCS), four air vehicles, a Trojan Sprit II communications suite and 635 personnel.
June 2010
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first deployed during Bosnia operations in March 1996. Due to data incompatibilities, the SAR data was transmitted through a commercial Unisys Ku-band satellite link and a Magnavox UHF satellite link. The new fuselage configuration permits a 30-inch satellite communications antenna to be fit inside the fuselage. The data link for the system had been sole-sourced to Unisys. The air vehicle is also fitted with a line-of-sight downlink with a range of about 100 miles. In 2002, the Air Force funded the Little Weasel ELINT payload for the Predator which consists of a F-16 Harm Targeting System (HTS) which will link with Rivet Joint aircraft and F-16 Block 50 fighters used in the SEAD role to improve the collection of data on enemy SAMs. T h e RQ - 1 A s y s t e m u s e s a Northrop/Grumman AN/ZPQ-1 TESAR tactical endurance synthetic aperture radar. The TESAR operates in the Ku-band with a swath width of 800m, a resolution of 0.3m, a range of 4 to 11 km, and an MTBF of 700 hours. A total of 27 ZPQ-1 were funded in FY98 and 24 in FY99 with all but 6 supplied prior to 1 October 2001. In January 2006, it was reported that the USAF was removing the TESAR from the MQ-1L Predator A UAVs armed with the Hellfire. The r ecent s ystems used Lockheed/Martin wide band satellite link (originally Loral Communication Systems of Salt Lake City). To autonomously launch and designate the semi-active laser guided Hellfire missile, the Predator is fitted with a laser target designator (LTD) manufactured by Raytheon, Ft. Worth, TX. The first four add-on systems were funded out of the FY99 budget, and at a later date, the LTD became integral with the UAV. The Predator has been tested with a classified SIGINT package, code named Bat Fish. In 2008, the Air Force selected the Northrop Grumman ASIP-1C (Airborne Signals Intelligence Payload) for the MQ-1 Predator which is already in use on the U-2C aircraft and RQ-4 Global hawk UAV. The MQ-9A Reaper is fitted with the AN/APY-8 Lynx SAR/GMTI system. The MQ-1C Sky Warrior was originally planned to be fitted with the Lynx II, but in April 2008, the Army decided to adopt the Northrop Grumman Starlite SAR/GMTI instead of the General Atomics Lynx II. In 1996, the Air Force began efforts to develop a hyperspectral imaging system for foliage penetration. Data dissemination for the Predator is handled by the Trojan Spirit III dissemination system, with one system per unit. Boeing supplies the Data Exploitation, Mission Planning, and Communications (DEMPC) workstation. In 2003, Boeing and General Atomics began work on a system to link the Predator to the E-3 AWACS and AH-64 Apache attack helicopter. General Atomics is also examining control of the Predator from the P-3 Orion. In early 2009, the USAF announced plans to fit the MQ-9 Reaper with the Sierra Nevada Gorgon Stare, an electro-optical device which permits the air vehicle to observe 12 different scenes simultaneously Flight Control The Tier 1 system employs a General Atomics ground control station mounted in an S280 shelter. The system employs a C-band tracking antenna. In its initial configuration, the Gnat-750 depends on a data relay aircraft once the UAV is beyond the range of the ground station. The baseline system uses a GA-ASI RQ-1P common ground control station manufactured by General Atomics, with an intelligence workstation (DEMPC) provided by Boeing. To provide non-line of sight control, the first three Predator systems employed the AN/TSQ-190(V) Trojan Spirit II SATCOM link, and in this configuration were designated as RQ-1U. The upgraded Block 1 system is the RQ-1Q. The common ground station demonstrated the capability to control two air vehicles si-
craft, from the El Mirage, CA test site to the Pentagon. The uplink antenna is housed in a dorsal pod. This served as the basis for the system on the Tier 2. During operations over Yugoslavia in 1994, the CIA used a RG-8 two-man powered glider as a data relay station when the UAV was beyond line of sight. The Predator B uses a C-band antenna for line-of-sight connections to the ground control station and a K u -b an d s atellite u p lin k f o r over-the-horizon control, and L-3 Co mmu n ic a tio n s o f Ran c h o Bernardo is the supplier of the RQ-1W PPSL (Predator Primary Satellite Link). EMS Technologies provides the Ku-band CDL switch network. The RQ-1A Predator Tactical Endurance UAV system includes EO IR and GFP-SAR sensor capabilities and UHF and GFP Ku-band satellite communications. The Predator employs a Litton inertial navigation/GPS system for guidance. The Predator has a sensor payload of 450 lb. The Skyball electro-optical payload includes a 14TS imaging infrared camera and d a ylig h t c a me r a p r o v id e d b y Versatron/Wescam. The four of the original MQ-1B Predator hunter-killers were fitted with the AN/AAS-44 Kosovo Ball, an E/O sensor package with integral laser rangefinder in June 1999. Although some consideration was given to fitting the remainder of the RQ-1 fleet with this, instead, the plan was to use the Raytheon AN/AAS-52 multi-spectral targeting system (MTS-A) on all MQ-1B Predators, and Raytheon has also developed the improved MTS-B The initial Westinghouse synthetic aperture radar (SAR) was not fitted until 1995; it is nose mounted and is stabilized in two axes. This SAR has a 10 to 50 degree field of view in elevation and 150 degrees in azimuth; it has a 1-foot resolution and covers an 8,000-foot swath of terrain from an altitude of 25,000 feet. The US Army Night Vision Lab was handling management of the SAR sensor. It was
June 2010

multaneously during a demonstration in July 1998. There are two configurations of the GCS, deployable and fixed-site. The Trojan Spirit satellite link was replaced by the L-3 Communications RQ-1W PPSL (Predator Primary Satellite Link). The Block 20 GCS is designated as MD-1A, while the LRCS (Launch and Recovery Control Station) is the MD-1B. The MD-1C is the CDCS Containerized Dual Control System and the MD-1D is the Multi-Aircraft Control Station. In July 2007, General Atomics demonstrated the next-generation Adv a n c e d Co c k p it G CS w ith development to be completed in 2009 In 2008, the Air Force plans to test a prototype optical sense-and-avoid system on the Predator with an aim to field an operational suite by 2009. Propulsion The Gnat-750 Tier 1 is powered by a 65-hp Rotax 586 piston engine, powering a conventional pusher propeller. The constant speed, reversible pitch, folding propeller is made of carbon or Kevlar composites. The 120-hp KH800T, a horizontally opposed, liquid-cooled, four cylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged and after-cooled piston engine is an option, and was the type planned for the Tier 2 Predator, however, it was actually fitted with a Rotax 912 85-hp engine. Starting in 1998, the air vehicles use a Warhead The MQ-1B can carry up to four AGM-114 Hellfire missiles. The MQ-9A Predator B has four weapons stations, the inner stations capable of carrying 500-600lb weapons, and the outer stations having a lesser capacity. Preliminary work at the carry and launch of BAT (Viper Strike) guided submunitions was conducted in 2002, and other munitions that are expected to be tested include the JDAM GPS-guided bomb, the SDB bomb, and the LOCAAS PGM. Tests in 2005 included the BLU-108 Sensor Fuzed Weapon, and the CLAW (clean lightweight area weapon), a derivative of the BLU-108. Other weapons that have been acquired include the Raytheon Griffin and Lockheed Martin Scorpion small guided missiles. The MQ-1 has also been fitted with the Stinger air defense missile for self-defense. In 2002, the Predator was tested with the Naval Research Laboratory Finder, a 57 lb parasite UAV that can Rotax 914 105-hp turbocharged engine. General Atomics is also developing another optional powerplant, a heavy fuel engine using diesel technology to enable the engine to burn JP-5 and diesel fuel instead of gasoline. The engine entered prototype testing in 1985 with a demonstrated power of 50 hp. Power increases to 75 hp are expected with design maturation and normal aspiration, and 150 hp is expected to be possible by adding a turbocharger. However, in The Armys MQ-1C Predator is designed to ne operated with the AAI One System GCS though the first Block 0 aircraft use the USAF GCS. The ERMP One System is designed with an automatic take-off and landing feature that was first tested in October 2008. In FY99, the Congress provided supplemental mod funding to equip five Predators with the UAV Automatic Recovery System (UCARS). Work has also been undertaken on a Tactical Control System (TCS), a small forward deployed control station designed to interface with Predator, Pioneer and other UAVs and to provide the forward commander with immediate video output. This system has become a bone of contention between the Air Force and the Army, the
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Army favoring it, the Air Force opposing its interference with the GCS. In June 1997, the NSWC awarded Battlespace Inc. a sole-source contract for engineering services in supp o r t o f th e T CS . A TCS w a s successfully tested with the Predator at San Clemente Island in January 1998. General Atomics has designed a variety of optional GCS configurations, including a Portable Ground Control Station (PGCS) and a High Mobility GCS (HMGCS) which mounts two PGCS in a HMMWV S-788 shelter. The US Army Warrior uses the AAI One System developed for the RQ-7 Shadow tactical UAV.
1997-98, attention shifted to a 3 cylinder opposed piston 150-hp design based on a WW2 German Jumo design. The MQ-9A Predator B is powered by a Honeywell TPE331-10T turboprop engine though the Predator B002 prototype was scheduled to demonstrate a Williams FJ44-2A turbofan. The Armys Warrior A is powered by a Thielart multi-fuel Centurion 135 hp engine.
be fitted with various sensors such as a hyper-spectral sensor for atmospheric testing that could be used for chemical weapons detection. Predator has also served as the test-bed for the Raytheon Silent Eyes, a parasite UAV dropped from the host UAV to conduct reconnaissance missions at lower altitudes when cloud cover obscures the target or when more positive target identification is required before prosecuting an attack.
June 2010
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Specifications
Length: Wingspan: Empty weight: Payload (nose/wing): Gross take-off weight: Max. level speed: Endurance: Max. altitude: Max. radius: Gnat-750 (Tier 1) 16.4 ft (five m) 35.3 ft (10.7 m) 441 lb (200 kg) 132/330 lb (60/150 kg) 1140 lb (518 kg) 140 knots (255 km/h) 48 hours 25,000 ft (7,600 m) 1,740 mi (2,800 km) RQ-1 Predator 26.6 ft (8.1 m) 41.6 ft (12.6 m) n/a 500 lb (225 kg) 2,300 lb (1,040kg) 140 knots (255 km/h) 40 hours 25,000 ft (7,600 m) 500 mi + (800 km +) MQ-9 Predator B 36 ft (10.9m) 66 ft (20.1m) n/a 6,400 lb (2,900 kg) 210 knots (380 km/h) 24 hours 45,000 ft (13,700 m)
Contract Briefs
The following is a listing of contract announcements made by the Pentagon involving the award of, or
Date Contract Number
modification to, unclassified prime contracts with a base value of $5 milObligation

$3,258,025
lion or more since the beginning of FY00 (10/1/99).
Agency
AFRL
Details
Increment as part of a $5,425,036 CPFF contract to provide a multi-sensor, multi-look exploitation system designed to provide persistent intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance for the Predator UAV.
BAE Systems, Advanced Information Technologies

6/28/2005 F33615-02-C-1149
Battlespace Flight Services

3/7/2007 FA4890-07-C-0006 ACC $11,501,250 FFP and CPAF contract for organizational maintenance support for the Predator MQ-1 aircraft and related systems at Creech AFB and deployed sites worldwide.
General Atomics, Aeronautical Systems - Aircraft Systems Group

12/16/1999 F33657-99-C-3045 ASC $49,353,203 Modification to a FPIF contract to provide for 12 Predator unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicles, six ice protection kits, ground control equipment, and associated spares. CPFF contract to provide for contractor logistics support from July through September 2000 for the Predator unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicles. Modification to a CPAF contract to provide for contractor logistics support from March through June 2001 for the Predator unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicles. Increment as part of a $30,100,096 FFP contract for seven Predator unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicles. Increment as part of a $16,016,421 modification to a CPFF contract to provide for 12 Predator unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicles. CPFF contract to provide for retrofit of five ground control stations supporting the Predator unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicle. CPFF contract for contractor logistics support from Jan. 1, 2002, through March 30, 2002, for the Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System. Increment as part of a $28,819,040 FFP contract to provide 12 MQ-1 Block 10 Predator Aircraft. Modification contract to provide CONUS field support, depot supply support, program management, configuration management, Nellis Flight Operations support, and reach back support. FFP contract to provide for 19 MQ-1L Predator unmanned aerial vehicles.
6/30/2000 F33657-00-C-4010
ASC
$5,337,583
2/22/2001 F33657-00-C-4010
ASC
$6,107,916
3/20/2001 F33657-00-C-4040 6/27/2001 F33657-00-C-4010
ASC ASC
$19,837,034 $2,250,769
9/6/2001
F33657-98-G-3110
ASC
$11,178,404
12/28/2001 F33657-01-C-5063
ASC
$8,151,708
12/4/2002 F33657-00-C-4040 7/22/2003 F33657-03-C-3003
ASC ASC
$21,614,280 $5,113,819
8/20/2003 F33657-03-C-3018
ASC
$41,345,710
June 2010

3/29/2004 F33657-02-G-4035 ASC $5,555,125
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Increment as part of a $17,011,750 CPFF contract to provide for the development of specifications to produce and weaponize the MQ-9A Predator unmanned air vehicle. FFP contract for readiness spares, consisting of consumables, support equipment, and line replaceable units, in support of the MQ-1L Predator unmanned aerial vehicle. FFP contract to provide for seven each MQ-IL Predator Unmanned Air Vehicles, six Ground Data Terminals, and twelve Ruggedized Air Maintenance Test Stations. Increment as part of a $36,940,499 FPIF contract to provide for four MQ-9A Air Vehicles. FFP contract to provide for three MQ-9A Air Vehicles. FFP contract to provide for 7 each MQ-1L Predator Remotely Piloted Aircraft and 14 each Ruggedized Aircraft Maintenance Test Stations. Increment as part of a $14,413,480 CPFF contract to provide Predator MQ-IL Block 10+ Retrofit Phase 1-Non-recurring engineering to define all necessary kit hardware. CPFF contract to provide services necessary to perform Predator Organizational Maintenance for aircraft, Ground Control Stations, and Predator Primary Satellite Links. Increment as part of a $68,205,573 CPIF contract provide for the System Development and Demonstration (SDD) of the MQ-9 Hunter-Killer Aircraft. FFP contract to provide for additional Readiness Spares Package Kits for the Predator Program. CPFF contract to provide for Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) Predator Spares and Quick Reaction Repair and Return Support for Two Additional OEF Predator Orbits. Increment as part of a $7,096,776 modification contract to provide for Predator Initial Spares for seven MQ-1 Aircraft. Increment as part of a $19,514,981 modification contract to provide for the Development and Production efforts for the Predator dual control mobile ground control station and enhancement mod kits. Increment as part of a $72,735,659 FFP contract to exercise an option of Predator requirements including acceleration of the delivery of 17 aircraft, produce 15 MQ-1L Block 10 aircraft, and Support Equipment. Increment as part of a $30,829,202 CPFF contract to provide Predator Ground Control Stations including two fixed facility GCSs; one Dual Control; 19 Enhancement Mod Kits; and two Multi-Aircraft Controls. CPFF contract to exercise an option of Contractor Logistics Support for the Predator System for five months. CPIF contract for research, development, test and evaluation of the Extended Range Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle system. FPIF contract for the manufacture, test, and delivery of five Predator B MQ-9 UAVs and associated equipment to include Initial Spares, and Ground Support Equipment. Increment as part of a $214,321,143 CPIF contract for System Development and Demonstration for the Extended Range/ Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. CPFF contract for periodic depot maintenance for the Predator MQ-1 and MQ-9 unmanned aircraft system program.
4/9/2004
F33657-03-C-3018
ASC
$9,124,893
7/1/2004
FA8620-04-C-4005
ASC
$26,427,245
7/6/2004
F33657-02-G-4035
ASC ASC ASC
$27,705,374 $5,558,748 $22,001,140
10/1/2004 FA8620-04-C-4005 11/15/2004 FA8620-04-C-4005
11/19/2004 F33657-02-G-4035
ASC
$7,206,740
2/10/2005 FA4890-05-C-0001
ACC
$8,285,431
3/30/2005 F33657-02-G-4035
ASC
$15,610,000
3/31/2005 FA8620-04-C-4005 3/31/2005 FA8620-05-C-3000
ASC ASC
$20,082,837 $9,992,967
6/1/2005 6/3/2005
FA8620-04-C-4005 F33657-02-G-4035
ASC ASC
$5,322,582 $14,636,236
6/21/2005 FA8620-04-C-4005
ASC
$54,551,742
6/22/2005 F33657-02-G-4035
ASC
$23,121,898
7/15/2005 FA8620-05-C-3000 8/8/2005 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
ASC AMCOM
$20,769,160 $214,409,789
1/25/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$41,403,571
3/3/2006
W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$67,000,000
3/13/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$27,127,089
June 2010
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ACC $30,136,635 CPFF contract to provide services necessary to perform Predator organizational maintenance of aircraft, Ground Control Stations, and Predator Primary Satellite Links. CPFF term contract to support the Predator MQ-1 and MQ-9 unmanned aircraft system program. Modification to a CPFF contract for the improved unmanned aerial vehicles and associated support equipment and initial spares. CPFF contract to exercise an option which includes the Predator MQ-1 Unmanned Aircraft System Outside Continental United States program. CPFF contract for the retrofit of five MQ-9 Predator aircraft, with upgraded landing gear for increased landing capacity, and Hellfire/EGBU-12/Special Project A Payloads. CPFF contract for the procurement of one Predator B aircraft for use in demonstration and operations, including ground support equipment, spares kit and system integration. As part of an estimated $23,400,000 CPFF contract to acquire four extended range multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicles, the associated support equipment and initial spare parts. Increment as part of a $27,565,122 CPFF contract for 5 MD-1B dual control mobile ground control stations, and non-recurring engineering per FY 06 Predator MQ-1 and Reaper MQ-9 requirements. Increment as part of a $49,587,121 FFP contract for 7 MQ-1 Block 15 aircraft and the necessary non-recurring engineering to productionize the block 15 configuration. Increment as part of a $15,795,532 FFP contract for 1 ground support equipment, 1 initial spares package and 2 primary predator sitcom link modem assembly per FY06 Predator MQ-1 and Reaper MQ-9 requirements. Increment as part of a $215,373,106 CPIF contract for system development and demonstration for the extended range / multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle. Increment as part of a $215,373,106 CPIF contract for system development and demonstration for the Extended Range / Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Modification to a CPFF contract for contractor logistics support in support of IGNAT Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operations. Increment as part of a $42,666,206 CPFF term contract for CAMS/REMIS/CEMS data collection/entry and numbered Periodic Depot Maintenance (PDM) for the Predator MQ-1 and MQ-9 Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) program. Modification to a CPFF contract for contractor logistics support for IGNAT Unmanned Aerial Vehicle operations. Modification to a CPFF contract for acquisition of four Extended Range Multi-Purpose Block 0, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, associated support equipment, and initial spares. Increment as part of a $43,663,000 FFP contract for the manufacture, test and delivery of two Predator B MQ-9 unmanned aerial vehicles, two mobile ground control stations, and associated equipment. Modification to a CPFF contract for Extended Range Multi-Purpose Block 0, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. CPFF contract to provide a series of required tasks to design, fabricate, integrate, and test the Predator MQ-1B Block X aircraft which will utilize a Heavy Full Engine (HFE).
3/15/2006 FA4890-05-C-0001
6/15/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028 6/21/2006 DAAH01-03-C-0124 6/29/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC AMCOM ASC
$25,151,451 $21,094,500 $14,881,292
6/30/2006 F33657-02-G-4035
ASC
$5,210,170
8/4/2006
N00421-06-C-0024
NAWC
$8,294,000
8/22/2006 W58RGZ-06-C-0208
AMCOM
$11,466,000
9/22/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$20,673,841
9/22/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$38,363,450
9/22/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$11,846,649
11/7/2006 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$20,000,000
12/18/2006 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$63,168,556
12/18/2006 DAAH01-03-C-0124 12/29/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028
AMCOM ASC
$13,807,439 $38,099,885
1/30/2007 DAAH01-03-C-0124 2/9/2007 W58RGZ-06-C-0208
AMCOM AMCOM
$20,748,347 $11,679,000
3/13/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$32,747,250
4/5/2007 5/7/2007
W58RGZ-06-C-0208 FA8620-05-G-3028
AMCOM ASC
$5,264,342 $10,135,251
June 2010

5/7/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028 ASC $58,976,370
Page 8
FFP contract for the manufacture, test and delivery of four Predator B Reaper MQ-9 UAVs and associated equipment to include initial spares and ground support equipment. CPFF contract for Predator/Reaper contractor logistics support to include all program management, urgent repairs and services, logistics support and configuration management. FFP contract for the manufacture, test and delivery of four Predator B Reaper MQ-9 UAVs and associated equipment to include Initial Spares and Ground Support Equipment. Increment as part of a $215,373,106 CPIF contract for system development and demonstration for the Extended Range / Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. CPFF contract to provide two Pre-Production YMQ-1C Block X aircraft. Increment as part of a $215,373,106 CPIF contract for system development and demonstration for the Extended Range/Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Increment as part of a $54,123,254 FFP contract for the manufacture, test, and delivery of six (6) Predator B MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). FFP contract for various MQ-9 Reaper equipment and items including Aircraft Initial Spares, 30 Day Pack-up Kits, and Ground Support Equipment. FFP contract for 36 Predator MQ-1B Aircraft, Aircraft Spares, RSP kits, Hellfire Missile Kit Installation, IMs and core tasks. Modification to a CPIF contract for contractor logistics support for the IGNAT Warrior Alpha unmanned aerial system. CPIF contract for low rate initial production effort for the extended range/multi-purpose unmanned aerial system. CPFF contract for Target Location Accuracy (TLA) Phase I, MQ-1 Predator Predator/MQ-9. Increment as part of a $45,503,158 modification contract for 10 Predator MQ-1B Aircraft, Aircraft Spares, RSP kits, Hellfire Missile Kit Installation, IMAs and core tasks. Modification contract for organizational maintenance support for the Predator MQ-9 remotely piloted aircraft systems at Creech AFB, NV, and deployed sites worldwide. contract for retrofit 20 Predator block 5 to block 15; retrofit 1 block 10 to 15. Increment as part of a $231,154,861 CPIF contract for system development and demonstration for the Extended Range / Multi-Purpose Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Including Integration of the Hellfire Missile. Increment as part of a $67,041,712 contract for Periodic Depot Maintenance for the Predator/Reaper MQ-1 and MQ-9 Unmanned Aircraft Systems program. Modification contract for advanced cockpit one production effort includes production and integration of Linux hardware for Predator/Reaper ground control stations. Increment as part of a $16,190,443 FFP contract for manufacture, test, and delivery of one MQ-9 Reaper Weaponized Aircraft, along with containers, a 30-day pack-up kit and initial spares. Increment as part of a $6,094,533 CPIF contract to enhance the Maintenance Level Technical Orders, which are a part of the system development and demonstration of the MQ-9 Reaper.
6/22/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$69,407,519
6/22/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$43,983,622
6/28/2007 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$14,665,000
8/6/2007
FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC AMCOM
$7,307,964 $5,149,479
8/14/2007 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
8/31/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$40,592,440
8/31/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$64,955,733
9/7/2007
FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC AMCOM AMCOM ASC ASC
$94,341,404 $11,306,274 $5,181,995 $6,089,382 $33,672,337
9/14/2007 DAAH01-03-C-0124 9/19/2007 W58RGZ-07-C-0107 9/19/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028 9/25/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
10/1/2007 FA4890-07-C-0009
ACC
$21,914,173
10/1/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028 10/18/2007 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
ASC AMCOM
$15,180,780 $20,828,590
12/21/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028
AFMC
$50,281,284
12/21/2007 F8620-05-G-3028
AFMC
$15,901,687
1/16/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$12,142,832
2/20/2008 F33657-02-G-4035
AESS
$0
June 2010
Page 9

AMCOM $18,666,000 CPIF contract for incremental funding for system development and demonstration for the extended range/multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle. Increment as part of a $17,202,335 contract for non-recurring engineering development for the Advanced Cockpit Increment Two for Predator/Reaper Ground Control Station. FFP contract for 24 Predator MQ-1B Aircraft, Hellfire missile kit installation, IMAs, and core tasks. FFP contract for the manufacture, test, and delivery of four Predator B Reaper MQ-9 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Increment as part of a $177,082,588 CPFT contract for support of the Predator/Reaper MQ-1 and MQ-9 unmanned aircraft system (UAS) programs. CPIF contract for development and demonstration for the extended range/multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle. CPFF contract for logistics support for I-GNAT, Warrior Alpha and Sky Warrior Unmanned Aircraft systems at multiple locations. CPFF contract to acquire three extended-range multi-purpose Block 0 Unmanned Aircraft in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. CPIF contract for systems development and demonstration (including integration of the Hellfire Missile) for the extended range multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle. CPFF contract for Rehabilitation, reconstitution, and repair work in support of contractor logistics support for I-GNAT, Warrior Alpha, and Sky Warrior UAVs. FFP contract procure six Dual Control Mobile Ground Control Stations, five Converted Mobile Ground Stations and three Predator Ground Data Terminals. CPFF contract for data collection/entry and numbered Periodic Depot Maintenance (PDM) for the Predator/Reaper MQ-1 and MQ-9 Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) programs. Increment as part of a $177,082,588 CPFT contract for services, logistics support, and spares management in support of the Predator/Reaper MQ-1 and MQ-9 Unmanned Aircraft System programs. Increment as part of a NTE $115,158,656 FFP contract for 16 Global War on Terror, MQ-9 Reaper, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. contract For management, urgent repairs and services, and logistics support for the Predator/Reaper MQ-1 and MQ-9 Unmanned Aircraft System program. CPFF four month extension to current contractor logistics support contract for logistics support for I-GNAT Warrior Alpha, and Sky Warrior Block O Unmanned Aircraft Systems at multiple OCONUS locations. Increment as part of a NTE $81,273,117 FFP contract for two MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and two Mobile Ground Control Stations for the Italy Foreign Military Sales customer. FFP contract for flight operations support, data collection/entry and numbered periodic depot maintenance for the Predator/Reaper Unmanned Aircraft System program. CPIF contract for incremental funding in support of the extended range multi-purpose unmanned aircraft systems system development and demonstration contract. CPIF contract for the acquisition of Production Ready Test Assets (PRTA) Extended Range Multi-Purpose (ERMP) Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS).
2/28/2008 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
2/28/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$7,804,672
3/31/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028 3/31/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028 4/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC ASC ASC
$49,870,416 $28,947,434 $163,082,588
5/19/2008 W58RGZ-05-C-0069 6/27/2008 W58RGZ-08-C-0082 8/15/2008 W58RGZ-06-C-0208
AMCOM AMCOM AMCOM
$5,000,000 $33,619,359 $7,896,513
9/17/2008 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$37,158,705
9/25/2008 W58RGZ-08C-0082
AMCOM
$40,000,000
9/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$55,627,763
9/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$24,500,000
10/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$163,082,588
11/26/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028 12/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC ASC
$52,927,284 $42,638,374
1/29/2009 W58RGZ-08-C-0082
ACC
$21,710,228
2/5/2009
FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$40,049,760
2/26/2009 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$168,372,886
3/12/2009 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$33,000,000
5/1/2009
W58RGZ-09-C-0151
AMCOM
$23,520,000
June 2010

5/18/2009 FA8620-05-G-3028 5/20/2009 W58RGZ-09-C-0153 ASC AMCOM $9,828,520 $10,614,469
Page 10
FFP contract for the Predator receiver terminals, installation and software updates. CPFF contract for contractor logistics support for the ER multi-purpose quick reaction capability UAS in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. CPFF contract for contractor logistics support for the IGNAT/Warrior Alpha/Block 0 unmanned aircraft systems at multiple OCONUS locations. CPIF contract for the acquisition of additional extended range multi-purpose unmanned aircraft systems hardware to support Army system integration laboratory and training. Increment as part of a $10,250,000 modified contract for one-year of Contractor Logistics Support for the Italian purchase of MQ-9 Reaper aircraft under the Foreign Military Sales program. CPFF contract for the extended-range/multi-purpose unmanned aerial system, to support product improvements and technology insertions into the current ER/MP UAS in Poway, CA. CPIF contract for five one systems ground controls stations in support of the extended range/multi-purpose systems development and design contract in Poway, CA. contract for Linux operating systems, technical orders, improved display, and spares for the Predator/Reaper. contract to provide various MQ-9 Reaper equipment and items including aircraft supplemental spares, 30 day pack-up kits, and ground support equipment. Increment as part of a $266,055,622 contract for reliability/maintenance enhancements; and CAMS/REMIS/CEMS data collection entry for the Predator/Reaper MQ-1 and MQ-9 unmanned aircraft system program. CPFF term contract to provide two MQ-9 Reaper test aircraft to support immediate and future development tests needs on the Reaper Increment I program. CPIF contract for support of the extended range/multi-purpose system production readiness test asset contract. CP I F c o n t ra c t f o r t h e e xe rc i s e o p t i o n f o r c o n t ra c t W58RGZ-09-C-0151 in support of the extended range/multi-purpose system production readiness test asset. CPIF contract for continued performance of the system development demonstration in support of the extended range/multi-purpose unmanned aircraft system. contract for a revision to the ground control station modernization program to improve pilots/sensor operator ergonomics through a cockpit hardware architecture. FPIF contract for the procurement of supplemental hardware, low-rate initial production in support of the ER/MP UAS and hardware. CPIF, CPFF contract for logistics support, performance-based logistics transition for the extended range multi-purpose unmanned aircraft system Quick Reaction Capability 1. Increment as part of an $8,982,515 contract to provide for MQ-9 auto take-off and landing capability modification to the system development and demonstration bridge effort. contract for a quantity of four MQ-9 Reaper aircraft (two production aircraft and two ground maintenance trainers). Modification contract for the MQ-1 Predator aircraft and MD-1 ground control station retrofit kits.
6/12/2009 W58RGZ-09-C-0152
AMCOM
$53,969,958
6/30/2009 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$24,405,260
8/26/2009 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$5,022,500
9/30/2009 W58RGZ-09-C-0136
AMCOM
$16,808,435
9/30/2009 W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$17,976,522
9/30/2009 FA8620-05-D-3028 9/30/2009 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC ASC
$46,040,935 $19,500,000
12/31/2009 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$53,211,124
2/1/2010
FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$12,804,804
4/20/2010 W58RGZ-09-C-0151 4/30/2010 W58RGZ-09-C-0151
AMCOM AMCOM
$17,046,878 $15,215,147
5/3/2010
W58RGZ-05-C-0069
AMCOM
$5,800,000
5/5/2010
FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$7,070,000
5/14/2010 W58RGZ-10-C-0068
AMCOM
$195,510,000
5/19/2010 W58RGZ-09-C-0153
AMCOM
$38,465,000
6/3/2010
FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC
$1,000,000
6/15/2010 FA8620-05-G-3028 6/22/2010 FA8620-05-G-3028
ASC ASC
$24,044,533 $94,285,469
June 2010
Page 11
General Atomics, Aeronautical Systems - Reconnaissance Systems Group

7/29/2005 FA8620-05-C-3013 ASC $10,467 Increment as part of a $13,867,301 FFP/CPFF contract to provide for 9 Lynx Synthetic Aperture Radars for the Predator, Ground Support Equipment and Spares, and a option for training manuals. FFP, CPFF and T&M contract for Lynx I Systems. FFP contract for five (5) Lynx AN/APY-8 Radars and associated spares. Increment as part of a $5,948,515 CPFF contract to provide support for the Lynx Continuous Look Attack Management Predator Reaper MQ-9.
9/29/2006 W15P7T-06-C-P255 3/26/2007 FA8611-05-G-3028 5/7/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028
CECOM ASC ASC
$8,550,308 $9,388,153 $2,619,712
L-3 Communications, Communications Systems-West

12/20/2005 FA8650-06-C-5504 AFRL $1,750,000 Increment as part of a $7,101,036 CPFF, completion type contract to increase the production throughput of datalink systems supporting Predator, Global Hawk, MP-CDL, and TARS platforms by reducing testing bottlenecks. FFP contract for the build, installation, and test of fixed SATCOM terminals for the Predator/Reaper Program. Increment as part of a $39,022,718 FFP contract for the conversion of the Predator Primary Satellite Link and fixed SATCOM station upgrades. FFP contract to build Predator Primary Data Link Test Stands.
9/13/2007 FA8620-05-G-3027 3/5/2008 FA8620-08-G-3027
ASC ASC
$8,737,924 $18,680,753
12/16/2008
$8,949,174
Lockheed Martin, Missiles and Fire Control

12/23/2002 M67854-03-C-1084 MCSC $30,925,000 FPI, firm target contract for initial low rate production of 400 Short Range Anti-Tank Weapon (SRAW) Systems (also known as Predator). Increment as part of a $7,842633 CPFF contract for the Predator Imaging Laser Radar program.
5/24/2006 F33615-01-C-1419
AFRL
$555,954
Northrop Grumman, Aerospace Systems

10/9/2009 FA8620-08-C-3004 ASC $7,601,503 Increment as part of a $9,632,882 contract for the performance of the system preliminary design for a scaled communications intelligence Airborne signals intelligence payload system for the MQ-9.
Northrop Grumman, Mission Systems, Electromagnetic Systems Laboratory

7/10/2009 FA8620-08-C-3004 ASC $69,851,657 Increment as part of a $71,147,842 CPIF contract to provide MQ-1 UAS communication intelligence airborne signals intelligence payload -1 C scaled sensors for the Predator UAS.
Okland Construction
12/22/2006 W912PL-07-C-0007 COE $40,269,000 FFP contract for the Predator Beddown.
Raytheon, Space & Airborne Systems

4/5/2002 N00164-00-G-0007 NAVSEA $13,528,334 Undefinitized FFP modification under basic ordering agreement contract to provide 13 Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS) and a Forward Looking InfraRed (FLIR) Laser Detecting-Ranging-Tracking set. Undefinitized FFP modification under basic ordering agreement contract to provide 13 Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS) and a Forward Looking InfraRed (FLIR) Laser Detecting-Ranging-Tracking set. CPFF undefinitized job order under basic ordering agreement contract for engineering efforts to modify the configuration baseline of the Multi-spectral Targeting System (MTS). FFP job order under previously awarded basic ordering agreement contract for multi-spectral targeting systems, including 52 turret units and 40 electronics units in support of the USAFs Predator Program and the USNs SH-60.
4/5/2002
N00164-00-G-0007
NAVSEA
$13,528,334
4/23/2002 N00164-00-G-0007
NAVSEA
$7,000,000
8/6/2003
N00164-00-G-0007
48
$69,999,995
June 2010

4/16/2004 N00164-00-G-0007 NSWC $17,375,000
Page 12
FFP job order under previously awarded basic ordering agreement contract for eight Multi-spectral Targeting System (MTS) B infrared systems for the Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). FFP purchase order under previously awarded Basic Ordering Agreement contract for Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS), including 17 turret units and associated line items supporting the Predator and Navy H-60 programs. CPFF task order under previously awarded basic ordering agreement contract for Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS) B production in support of the Predator B program. FFP order under Basic Ordering Agreement contract for Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS) B configuration including 11 turret units and associated line items in support of the Predator program. FFP task order under previously awarded Basic Ordering Agreement contract for Multi-spectral Targeting System A configuration, which includes seven Turret Units and associated line items in support of the Predator UAV program. FFP modification under previously awarded Basic Ordering Agreement contract for Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS) A configuration, including 22 Turret Units and associated line items in support of the Predator UAV program. FFP task order under previously awarded basic ordering agreement contract for Multi-Spectral Targeting System A configuration, including 51 turret units and associated line items in support of Predator UAV and MH-60 helicopter. FFP order under previously awarded Basic Ordering Agreement contract for Multi-spectral Targeting System configuration, including 27 Turret Units and associated line items In support of the Predator UAV program. Increment as part of an $11,535,700 CPFF contract for Contractor Logistics Support for the Predator A and B Multi-spectral Targeting Systems including program management, repairs and services. Increment as part of a $70,400,000 FFP contract for production of 60 Multi-spectral Targeting Systems-As (MTS-As) for MQ-1 Predator and 5 Multi-spectral Targeting Systems-Bs (MTS-Bs) for MQ-9 Reaper. Increment as part of a $9,058,041modification contract for contractor logistics support for the Predator A and B multi-spectral targeting systems. Modification to a previously awarded contract for Multi-spectral Targeting Systems (MTS) to be utilized on Navy MH-60 aircraft. Increment as part of a $52,013,000 FFP contract to provide 4 multi-spectral targeting systems and associated shop replaceable unit spares and containers to support the Predator/Reaper program. Increment as part of an $8,068,000 FFP contract to provide 4 Multi-Spectral Targeting Systems Model B (MTS-B), whole spares and containers to support GWOT requirements for the Predator/Reaper Program. Increment as part of an $87,327,441 FFP contract to provided 35 Multi-Spectral Targeting Systems Model A, 25 Preproduction Units and associated replaceable unit spares. Increment as part of an $87,327,441 FFP contract to provide 35 multi-spectral targeting systems Model A, 25 multi-spectral targeting systems, 25 multi-spectral targeting systems -B pre-production units.
7/1/2004
N00164-00-G-0007
NSWC
$26,552,810
9/1/2004
N00164-00-G-0007
NSWC
$11,692,127
1/3/2005
N00164-00-G-0007
NSWC
$22,756,226
1/26/2005 N00164-00-G-0007
NSWC
$12,670,563
3/30/2005 N00164-00-G-0007
NSWC
$25,942,745
9/8/2005
N00164-00-G-0007
NSWC
$31,402,406
9/26/2006 N00164-06-G-8555
NSWC
$27,100,290
12/29/2006 FA8620-06-G-4041
ASC
$8,651,775
2/22/2007 FA8620-06-G-4041
ASC
$8,651,775
12/31/2007 FA8620-06-G-3041
ASC
$5,434,825
5/23/2008 N00164-06-G-8555 9/15/2008 FA8620-06-G-4041
NSWC ASC
$29,703,440 $8,748,119
11/14/2008 FA8620-06-G-4041
ASC
$1,315,084
5/29/2009 FA8620-06-G-4041
ASC
$14,094,649
6/10/2009 FA8620-06-G-4041
ASC
$14,094,649
June 2010
Page 13

ASC $14,094,651 Increment as part of an $87,327,441 FFP contract for 35 Multi-Spectral Targeting Systems Model A, 25 MTS-B Pre-Production Units including one retrofit gyro and one retrofit imager. Increment as part of a $38,078,612 contract for CY10 contractor logistics support of the multi-spectral targeting system for the MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper remotely piloted aircraft systems.
6/26/2009 FA8620-06-G-4041
12/31/2009 FA8620-06-G-4041
ASC
$12,565,938
Rockwell Collins, Government Systems

3/24/2008 N00019-05-C-0050 NAVAIR $6,355,030 Modification to a previously awarded FFP contract for the FY08 production of 137 RT-1556B AN/ARC-210 Receiver-Transmitter Radios and 81 C-11898A Radio Control Sets for USAF UAV Predator aircraft.
Spectrum Comm
1/4/2008 FA8528-08-D-0001 WRALC $8,000,000 Increment as part of a $74,500,000 ID/IQ contract for advisory and assistance services to support the 560th Aircraft Sustainment Group.
Stewart-Matl
7/27/2007 W912L1-07-C-5010 NGB $5,740,000 FFP contract for construction of a Predator Operations Complex.
Unmanned Systems
6/30/2010 FA8620-10-C-3016 ASC $3,808,502 Increment as part of a $7,613,065 contract to provide pilot and sensor operator services for acceptance and flight test of the Predator/Reaper program.
Funding History
RDT&E ($ Millions) FY02** FY03 FY03 FY04 40.1 FY04 FY05 82.1 FY05 320.6 (27) 36.5 FY06 54.1 92.2 FY06 253.5 (24) (2) 29.9 42.5 FY07 77.9 2.4 17.2 11.7 123.7 FY07 676.1 (48) 58.5 (12) 57.4 38.6 FY08 63.8 37.6 13.5 40.2 103.4 FY08 299.2 (24) 374.5 (20) 52.4 16.9 122.7 (12) FY09 57.2 38.6 22.7 22.2 61.7 FY09 223.6 (18) 444.4 (24) 199.3 82.4 209.9 (12) FY10 93.1 35.1 58.0 39.4 21.5 73.2 FY10 487.7 (24) 188.9 108.9 420. (24) FY11* 125.4 28.9 29.7 40.2 5.3 123.1 FY11* 863.6 (36) 208.2 224.3 506.3 (26) PE0205219F Reaper Development Reaper PE0305219F Predator Development Predator PE0304260F Airborne SIGINT MQ-9 SIGINT PE0305204A Tactical UAV Payload Dev. TSP Dev. PE0305219A Tactical UAV MQ-1 Procurement ($ Millions) FY02**
US Air Force Procurement 3010F Predator 203.3 139.1 202.0 (quantity) (22) (25) (15) Reaper (quantity) Predator mods 14.8 10.1 13.7 Reaper mods US Army Procurement: BA1 Aircraft Procurement MQ-1 (quantity)
*Request **In FY02, the Predator program received an additional $167.6 million from the Defense Emergency Relief Fund (DERF) which was used to equip the Predator with a Multi-Spectral Laser Designator/Sensor and Hellfire launch capability as well as purchase an additional 4 RQ-1A and 3 MQ-9A air vehicles. The FY02 Supplemental added 9 MQ-1B and 1 MQ-9; the FY02 Plus-Up added 4 MQ-1B, for a grand total of 8 in the basic appropriation and 21 in the various add-ons. However, it would appear the actual number funded was lower with a total of 102 air vehicles funded in FY97-03.
June 2010
RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper Costs

The Tier 1 was funded by the Central Intelligence Agency under a secret budget item. The CIAs Tier 1 UAVs reportedly cost $800,000 for the Gnat 750 and $1.2 million for the ground station. Program funding for the DoD participation in UAV-E was reported to total $97 million, with $5 million allotted to the Tier 1 phase. The program reverted back to DoD funding under PE# 0305141D when it reached Tier 2; reportedly $600 million was allotted for the program in FY95-99 budget plan ($42 million in FY95 and $15 million in FY96). In 1994, the UAV program office estimated the cost of the Tier 2 Predator system as being $3 million per air vehicle, $1.2 million per ground station and $2 million per Trojan Spirit II command and control system (earlier reports pegged the UAV cost at $4.2 million per air vehicle). The initial program plans were to acquire 10 air vehicles and 3 ground stations; the subsequent plans were to acquire 47 air vehicles, 11 ground stations and 9 Trojan Spirit dissemination systems. Estimated costs of the 44-air vehicle purchase including RDT&E totaled $367 million. However, the subsequent objective was stated to be for 66 Predator, 17 ground s tatio n s an d 1 6 Tr o j an S p ir it dissemination systems. As of mid-1997, the stated objective was for 13 systems and 80 air vehicles, including the three air vehicles lost during testing and initial operations. The cost for this procurement package was $209.9 million in RDT&E and $368.8 million for a total of $578.7 million with other RDT&E costs likely.
Page 14
As of mid-1997, the stated objective was for 13 systems and 80 air vehicles that included the three air vehicles lost during testing and initial operations. The cost for this procurement package was $209.9 million in RDT&E and $368.8 million for a total of $578.7 million. US Air Force Air Combat Command estimated a requirement for $320 million in personnel and O&M expenses for the UAV units in FY98-03. In recent years, the Air Force has described the program as continuing, meaning that no specific objective has been set for the total number of systems or air vehicles. In the FY11 budget submission, the Air Force listed the objective for the MQ-9 as 341 aircraft at a cost of $7,286.8 million.
Procurement unit costs (then-year $) from P-1 documents: FY99: $7,632,800 (RQ-1) FY02: $2,909,000 (MQ-1B) $11,367,000 (MQ-9) FY03: $3,727,000 (MQ-1B) $8,667,000 (MQ-9) FY04: $4,459,000 (MQ-1B) $11,302,000 (MQ-9) FY05: $4,924,000 (MQ-1B) $12,440,000 (MQ-9) FY06: $3,664,000 (MQ-1B) $14,095,000 (MQ-9) FY07: $4,263,000 (MQ-1B) $13,400,000 (MQ-9) FY08: $5,561,000 (MQ-1B) $12,499,000 (MQ-9) FY09: $3,810,000 (MQ-1B) $8,510,000 (MQ-9) FY10: n/a $10,401,000 (MQ-9) FY11: n/a $11,390,000 (MQ-9)
Program Overview
History UAV Joint Program Office Established Following cancellation of the troubled Army MQM-105 Aquila RPV program, Congress finally lost patience with the ineffective manner in which the armed services were pursuing separate and often overlapping RPV efforts. It froze all FY88 RDT&E funding ($52.6 million) for non-lethal unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and directed DoD to develop a coherent joint-service plan. In June 1988, the Pentagon submitted a seven-year, $2.3 billion master plan covering development and procuremen t o f f o u r d iff e r e n t U AV s (Close-Range, Short-Range, Medium-Range, and Endurance) for a variety of missions. UAV-E Requirement The UAV-E system was based on earlier DARPA-sponsored and in-house efforts including high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) UAVs such as Boeings Condor, Leading Systems Amber IV, General Atomics Amber, and E-Systems EVER (Endurance Vehicle for Extended Reconnaissance). The requirement for UAV-E was for an air vehicle with a range of more than 1,000 miles, and an endurance of about 48 hours. Potential missions for the system would be targeting and surveillance of large areas of a battlefield or ocean, communications relay, or long-term monitoring of ground-based sensors. The 1990 update of the UAV master plan called for low-rate initial production of the UAV-E in mid FY97. Under this plan, initial operational capability would not occur until near the turn of the century.
June 2010
Page 15

ployment in October 1993, but was put off due to software problems and other technical issues. The Albanian deployment was a failure and 10 initial flights were conducted. The problems were due to bad weather over the surveillance areas, maintenance problems, and continued difficulties with the data link. The CIA began using a Schweitzer RG-8 powered glider as the data relay. By the summer of 1994, the operation had conducted 30 flights of which 12 were viewed as successful. In the summer of 1994, the operation was apparently shifted to Croatia that eased the operational problems caused by the long flight times into Bosnia. Tier 2 The resurrected USAF UAV-E program, labeled Tier 2, was expected to last about 2 years and cost $92 million. The initial program objective was initially 10 air vehicles with three associated ground control stations. The Tier 2 version has more sophisticated sensors than the Tier 1, and flight control is managed by a satellite data uplink rather than using the cumbersome aircraft relay needed with the earlier version. The uplink capability was first demonstrated during a 2 December 1993 test flight of a Gnat 750 UAV that transmitted imagery of various mobile targets including tanks. The UAV JPO released an RFP for the Tier 2 UAV-Endurance in December 1993. Competition for the UAV-Endurance requirement included TRW teamed with IAI with an undisclosed air vehicle; Teledyne Ryan with a variant of its Model 410; and General Atomics with an improved Gnat 750. The procurement program was limited to US companies only due to access to sensitive new technologies. System integration included UHF and GFP Ku-band satellite communications, and EO IR and GFP-SAR sensor capabilities. The system characteristics included a payload of 450 lb, radius of action of 500 nm at 15,000 feet and endurance of at least 24 hours. The program schedule called for demonstration of the EO/IR sensor-UHF uplink prototype in 6 months, assembly of fieldable systems in 12 months, test of a SAR/Ku-band data link in 18 months, upgrade of the initial systems in 2 4 mo n th s a n d co mp le te operational trials in 30 months. Tier 2 Contract Award On 7 January 1994, General Atomics was awarded a $31.7 million cost-plus-fixed-fee (CPFF) contract for the Tactical Endurance UAV advanced concept technology demonstration. The contract will eventually en tail th e d eliv ery o f ten Gnat-750-TE Predators (a.k.a. Gnat-750-45) and three ground control stations. The satellite data-link for the system was provided by Unisys and the mission planning systems by Boeing Military Aircraft. Work was to be completed by June 1996. The program was developed under the new Advanced Concept and Technology Demonstration (ACTD), meaning that it was managed outside the usual Defense Acquisition Board process. Tier 2 Predator Demonstration Program The 30-month demonstration schedule called for initial flights by the first three air vehicles the summer of 1994 using the first ground-control station (GCS). This initial effort focused on air vehicle/sensor/GCS integration and demonstration of the EO sensor and UHF satellite datalink. By November 1994, the three first Predators had accumulated over 100 hours flight time during 40 flights. By January 1995, four aircraft and the second GCS were delivered and the systems were ready to go into the field at the JTF-95 or Red Flag exercises or to support unexpected international contingencies. A total of 10 Predators were under construction at the time. During the summer of 1995, the #9 and #10 Predators were under construction with a SAR sensor for delivery in December 1995. The UHF satellite datalink was later replaced by a Ku-band wide-band satellite
CIA Reorganization In the early 1990s, the Joint Chiefs of Staff requested the rapid development of a long-range tactical UAV to conduct surveillance operations over Bosnia. The program was handed over to the CIA under the expectation that it could circumvent to DoD acquisition bureaucracy and rapidly field a system. The UAV selected was the General Atomics Gnat-750, a derivative of a UAV developed by Leading Systems Inc. under the $40 million DARPA Amber program. About eight of the Amber UAVs are still in storage at the Navy China Lake facility; these UAVs were significantly smaller than the Gnat-750. General Atomics acquired the program after Leading Systems went bankrupt. The Gnat-750 first flew in 1989 and in 1992 completed a 40-hour mission from the firms test facility at El Mirage, CA. Two Gnat-750s were acquired for the Tier 1 effort. This part of the program aimed at fielding a system with commercial sensor technology, which if lost over former Yugoslavia, would n o t co mp ro mise sen s itiv e U S technology. Technical Problems The program was troubled by the bureaucratic entanglements of running a DoD/CIA program, and CIA inexperience with UAV flight control, sensor and flight control integration, and data link technology. In October 1993, one of the two prototypes crashed due to a computer problem which shut down the engine and data link at speeds under 40 mph. When a wind gust induced an indication of low airspeed, the aircraft lost control and crashed. Initial Bosnian Deployment An expedient system was fielded by the CIAin Albania in January 1994 consisting of two Gnat-750 air vehicles and a ground control system with satellite uplink. The aim was to base the systems out of Italy, but the Italian government denied CIA requests to station the UAV-E Tier 1 team in Italy. The original plan had called for de-
June 2010

datalink. This reconfigured system operated with the third GCS, also delivered by this date. Three more upgraded UAVs were ready by January 1996 and the retrofit of other UAVs began. There were ten full-capability Predators by June-July 1996. Additional Predators to be Acquired The Congress decided to add $25 million to the FY95 budget (bringing it to $45 million) to provide funding for five additional Predators fitted with a SIGINT capability and laser designators; the funding was earmarked to provide an additional ground control station suitable for SIGINT data reception. Predator Deployed to Bosnia A US DoD team was deployed with the Predator UAV system at Gjader, Albania (55 mi north of Tirana) in July 1995 for operations over Bosnia. The original deployment apparently consisted of three air vehicles and one GCS; a fourth UAV was apparently sent later. The sortie rate was about six per week with typical missions lasting 12 to 16 hours. Two UAVs were lost in August. The first was lost on 11 August when signals abruptly ceased while it was loitering at low altitude in an area to observe Bosnia Serb movements. Bosnian sources claimed to have shot it down and retrieved the wreckage that they said was being turned over to Russia for technical evaluation. The second loss on 14 August occurred after the Predator had climbed back to 20,000 ft for the flight home. The engine began to malfunction and the GCS crew attempted to glide the UAV back to the Adriatic for retrieval. When it became evident that this would not be possible, the crew steered it into a mountain to prevent it from falling into Serb hands. A third Predator (No. 7 with the new Ku band SATCOM link) crashed during trials at El Mirage airport, California during trials but may be repairable. After an interlude in 1995 when the unit was withdrawn, the Predator returned to Bosnia in March 1996 under Air Force control and conducted operations through February 1997. On its first mission, the Predator lost its satellite link but managed to fly back to its operating base at Taszar, Hungary. The redeployed unit had an upgraded version of the Predator with a synthetic aperture radar sensor. A Predator crashed in a minefield in October 1996 near Tuzla, but was recovered with the assistance of Russian IFOR troops. A fourth Predator crashed while approaching the runway at Mostar in Bosnia on 11 August 1997 due to engine problems. The air vehicle was fitted with a SAR radar. The operational tempo of the Predators in Bosnia in 1997 was described as being about 6 missions per week. Air Force Forms UAV Units The US Air Force activated its first UAV unit since the Vietnam War on 29 July 1995 at Nellis Air Force Base, designated the 11th Reconnaissance Squadron of the 57th Wing. This unit formerly operated RF-4C reconnaissance aircraft and later served as a tactical drone control squadron with DC-130 aircraft. Flight operations are expected to take place at Indian Springs Auxiliary Airfield, also in Nevada. The Predator was officially handed over the Air Force control in September 1996. As of August 1997, the squadron had 6 Predators, two of which were deployed in Hungary. In August 1997, it was announced that a second squadron will be formed, the 15th Reconnaissance Squadron, also to be based initially at Indian Springs. A third squadron may be established later for training purposes. Predator for Customs Use? The Predator was used in a 1996 test program to examine its suitability for surveillance operations in counter-narcotics mission in support of P-3 Orion AEW&C aircraft. The report to Congress recommended against the use of the Predator in this role, citing high costs and performance shortcomings. However, the report recommended the use of the Predator in some missions, and noted
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that it was worth monitoring, particularly as the design matures. Predator For Naval Use? A study conducted in 1996 concluded that adapting the Predator for operations from shipboard would be costly and cumbersome, and recommended against the effort. Such a program would have to include a new recovery system, a reconfigured control station, and a heavy fuel engine. Although the Navy was skeptical about the use of Predator from ships, in 1997, the Navy was examining a derivative of the Predator, called the Altus 2, for possible use as a long range reconnaissance platform for obtaining targeting data for long r a n g e s tr ik e s ys te ms s u c h as SLAM-ER. A prototype of the system was first flown in August 1997. The Altus 2 is fitted with a data link for passing information back to F/A-18 strike fighters. Predator Losses A Predator UAV was lost on approach to Tuzla airport in April 1999 while returning from a mission over Kosovo. Total losses over Kosovo were reported to have been three air vehicles. A further three Predators were lost during the May 1999 Kosovo air campaign, two to enemy action. An Air Force Predator was shot down over Iraq in September 2001. An additional Predator, apparently under CIA direction, was lost during a mission over Afghanistan in late September 2001, though apparently due to mechanical malfunction. Predator losses through January 2003 were 27 air vehicles of the approximately 55 delivered to date. The Predator reached the 50,000 flight hour mark in October 2002, suggesting that the loss rate of the Predator was roughly 1 per 1,850 hours of flight time. Altair In January 2000, NASA announced plans to acquire three Predator B UAVs for its Environmental Research Aircraft and Sensor Tech-
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February 2001 and all three missiles hit the target. The initial tests were conducted from a relatively low altitude of only 2,000 feet. These tests continued, including plans to conduct further trials with AGM-114K missiles launched from altitudes over 10,000 feet. Through August 2001, 16 launches had been conducted up to an altitude of 15,000 feet with mixed results. Although not planned for operational deployment, armed Predators were used with considerable success in Operation Enduring Freedom over Afghanistan in 2001-2002. In addition, an armed Predator was used in Yemen in 2002 to kill a top Al Qaeda operative. The MQ-1B was operated out of Djibouti under CIA direction with USAF personnel, and a car carrying Qaed Salim Sinan (a.k.a. Abu Ali) was destroyed by a single Hellfire missile. The success of this application led to the Air Force decision in 2003 to convert all RQ-1 to the MQ-1B hunter-killer configuration. Navy Broad Area Maritime Surveillance Although the Navy selected the RQ-4 Global Hawk for its original demonstrations of UAVs for the maritime surveillance role, it broadened its search for the definitive air vehicle at the procurement stage to consider Predator derivatives. One of the initial offerings was a turbo-jet powered version of the Predator, dubbed Predator C, but General Atomics, teamed with Lockheed Martin, offered a derivative of the Predator B, called Predator B-ER or Mariner. The prototype Mariner first flew on 22 April 2004. However, the Navy selected the rival RQ-4 Global Hawk for BAMS in April 2008. MQ-9A Reaper The success of the armed RQ-1A Predators led the Air Force to accelerate the development of a heavier version of Predator, dedicated to the hunter-killer role. The Air Force selected the Predator B for this mission, now designated MQ-9A Reaper in Air Force service. Supplementary funding in the FY02 budget covered the acquisition of the first three MQ-9As and a total of 23 Reapers were funded as part of the Predator line in FY02-07. After FY07, Reaper is funded on its own budget line. The first Reaper was built in January 2002 and first operational Reaper was delivered to Creech AFB in Nevada in March 2007. The Reaper became operational in both Iraq and Afghanistan in 2007. By mid-2002, the Air Force objective was to acquire two MQ-9 squadrons, each consisting of 20 air vehicles and five ground control stations. The FY08 budget submission anticipated funding 51 Reapers through FY13. The Air Force also began trials of other munitions from the MQ-9A including the JDAM bomb, and AGM-65 Maverick missile.
nology (ERAST) program. The Predator B is being developed jointly with company funds ($8 million) and NASA funds ($10 million) In contrast the existing Predator, the Predator B001 is powered by a Honeywell TPE331-10T turboprop engine, and is substantially larger weighing more than twice as much on takeoff and with a 64 ft. vs. 48 foot wing. The Predator B002 is powered by a Williams FJ44-2A turbofan. The Predator B has increased payload, going from 450 lb to 650 lb. The first test flight was completed in February 2001. Altair was the first civil UAV to receive an FAA airworthiness certificate in September 2005. New Sensors New sensor packages being considered for deployment on Predator include a foliage-penetrating radar, a laser radar, a CBR detector, a remote mine detector, and a data relay package. In late 1998, Predator was flown with an ELINT package. In 1999, the US Army fitted four Predators with laser designators to mark targets for laser-guided munitions. Predator Hunter-Killer The Air Force began experiments with a Predator armed with the Hellfire missile in 2000. This program was originally intended to serve as a testbed for future UCAV developments rather than as a forerunner for actual Predator missions. The first three firing tests were conducted in Export Status Australia The Mariner version of Predator has been offered to Australia as an alternative to the Global Hawk. A Mariner participated in a demonstration along the north-west Australian coast through 2007 pursuant to this program. However, Australia first decided to back the US Navy selection for BAMS, the Global Hawk, but subsequently deferred participating in the program.
Britain Predator was one of the systems originally offered to satisfy the British Watchkeeper requirement but not part of the final bid package. This program is covered in a separate report in this section, and the Israeli Hermes was subsequently selected for this requirement. In early 2004, British officials began discussions with the US about borrowing or leasing Predators for use by British units in Iraq. A British operated MQ-1 Predator was involved in an airstrike in late 2004
using one of the leased aircraft. The UK also conducted a series of trials dubbed Falcon Prowl in early 2005 using a Predator B fitted with a Goodrich DB-110 recon system as a possible candidate for the RAF Long Range Long Endurance (LRLE) requirement to replace the Canberra PR9 photo recon aircraft sometime after 2006. In 2006, Britain decided to purchase Predators with two Reapers (Predator Bs) ordered for delivery in April 2007. The Predators were as-
June 2010

signed to the 39 Squadron based in Waddington. In 2008-2009, the 39 Squadron has operated out of Creech AFB in the US alongside US Predator/Reaper units with a forward deployed detachment in Afghanistan to maintain the aircraft. On 3 January 2008, the Congress was notified of the proposed sale of 10 MQ-9 Reapers to the UK at an eventual cost of $1.07 billion. The RAF already operated Reapers on loan from the USAF over Iraq in late 2007. Canada General Atomics has teamed with General Dynamics-Canada to offer the Predator to Canada for a maritime surveillance requirement. France In June 1997, the Predator was displayed at the Paris Air Show. The sponsor for the show was the French firm SAGEM which is teaming with General Atomics in an effort to interest the French government in the Altus derivative of the Predator for a French requirement for a high endurance UAV. France subsequently selected the Eagle, a derivative of the IAI Heron. Germany In May 2007, there were press reports that the German air force plans to acquire the Predator B for its tactical reconnaissance requirements designated SAATEG. The requirement is for about five air vehicles, and Predator is expected to compete against the Israeli Heron 450. Current Developments The Budget Roller-Coaster The Air Force funded 102 air vehicles through FY04. Under the FY04 budget plan, the USAF was to fund 62 MQ-9A Predator B hunter-killer UAVs in the FY02-09 budgets, but under the FY05 budget this was slashed to 27 air vehicles and revised yet again in the FY06 budget back up to 101 Predator Bs through FY11. The FY07 budget submission in February 2006 again saw a major shift in procurement objectives. The USAF added a substantial number of Predators to the FY05-11 plan, going from 160 to 255 aircraft. At the same time, there was a pronounced shift in the composition of the planned force in favor of the MQ-1 over the MQ-9 versions. The MQ-1 objective increased from 59 to 218 aircraft while MQ-9 fell from 101 to only 37 aircraft in the FY05-11 plans. In the FY09 budget submission, the objective was a total of 416 Predators funded through FY13, with 198 having been funded Italy As a result of the Kosovo campaign, in May 2000, the Italian air force announced plans to acquire six Predator systems as a result of lessons learned during the Kosovo air campaign. The contract included four UAVs with payload and two without with delivery beginning in late 2001 and ending in 2002 and Meteor served as the Italian prime contractor; only five were delivered. One of the air vehicles was lost during training, reducing the force to four and one was heavily damaged during an accident in Iraq. Operational capability was reached in December 2004. Four Predators are operated by the 32 Sto r mo , 2 8 G r u p p o Veliv o li Teleguidata Le Streghe which deployed from its home base, Amendola AFB near Foggia, to Tallil AFB near An Nasiriyah in Iraq in January 2005. The UAV group reached 1,000 flight hours by early 2006. In August 2004, Italy announced plans to acquire another 5 Predators, but to date this has been limited to two, one attrition spare and one more to fill out the original order for six. Predator assembly in Italy is undertaken by Galileo Avionica, a unit of Finmeccanica. In June 2004, the Italian parliament passed legislation to open up Italian airspace to the Predator UAV for operations. Plans to acquire two more Predators in 2005 floundered due to budget problems, with the plans now shifted to the 2007 budget. In February 2008, the parliament approved the acquisition of four
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Predator B/Reapers by 2011 at an expected cost of $117 million. The plan as of late 2008 was to acquire five air vehicles and three GCSs. Since the Italian air force plans to use these for reconnaissance, they will not be configured with hard-points for weapons. On 19 November 2009, the US Congress was notified of the proposed sale of 2 MQ-9 Reapers to Italy at a cost of $63 million. Pakistan Pakistan approached the US in 2002 about acquiring Predator for border surveillance and has subsequently requested the Reaper. Turkey In late 1992, the Turkish ministry of defense acquired test batches of General Atomics Gnat-700, AAI Falcon 600 and IAI Searcher UAVs for a local requirement. Turkey was also developing its own UAV called Witness. The two American companies received contracts for $30 million each for a ground control station and six air vehicles each. However, Turkey ran into serious funding difficulties after the first 3 were delivered. The CIA asked Congress to fund the purchase of four Gnat 750s manufactured for Turkey to add to its fleet of Tier 1 UAVs. In the end, Turkey received two ground control stations and 6 Gnat-750 air vehicles in 1994 and ordered two more air vehicles as attrition spares in 1998.
through FY06. The FY10 budget saw yet another shift with the Air Force deciding to terminate MQ-1 Predator acquisition in favor of Reaper, capping procurement at 320 MQ-1 through FY09, the last year of funding. RQ-9 Reaper under the FY11 budget plan is 341 aircraft through FY15 at a cost of $7.2 billion with procurement expected to ramp up to 48 aircraft in FY11. In May 2008, the USAF and Army began planning to adopt a common
June 2010
Page 19

the Shadow UAV, not an entirely new system infrastructure. The Army released the RFP for ERMP in September 2004. The program was planned to entail about four-five systems each with 12-18 air vehicles and 5 GCS; the FY09 budget plan envisions 9 systems through FY13. The Phase I inv o lv e d a d o w n - s e le c t to tw o competitors which took place in early FY05 and included General Atomics (teamed with AAI and Sparta) with a Predator derivative called Warrior, a Northrop Grumman team with a version of the Israeli Heron called Hunter II. The General Atomics Warrior was selected by the Army for the ERMP requirement on 8 August 2005. It is now being referred to by the Army as Sky Warrior. Funding for engineering development of the ERMP began in FY06 and was expected to cost $280.5 million through FY11; the SDD phase was expected to be completed by 1QFY08 but in recent years, the Army has shifted to referring to the program as a continuing effort, with RDT&E funding continuing until the end of FY11. The Army began procurement funding of the first system in FY08 with starting with low-rate initial production in FY08-FY10 and a full-rate production award at the end of FY09. The first Block 0 aircraft flew on 6 June 2007; the first production configured air vehicle flew in April 2008. Although the Army had originally planned to wait for Block 1 before fielding first unit in late 2009/early 2010, a supplementary contract was awarded in 2007 for 6 Block 0 aircraft to place capability in Iraq as quickly as possible. Two Block 0 aircraft were first deployed in Iraq in April 2008. The First Unit Equipped is scheduled for 3QFY11 and Initial Operational Capability I 4QFY12. Recent Army documents suggest that the program objective is now set at one Warrior system in each of the ten divisions, and the requirement is for 132 Block 1 air vehicles; the FY11 budget document suggests 158 air vehicles through FY15 at a cost of $2.9 billion. The army is funding a variety of supporting efforts including an Advanced Payload Development focused primarily on a SAR/GMTI payload, and a separate Tactical SIGINT Payload. In April 2008, the Army decided to adopt the Northrop Grumman Starlite SAR/GMTI instead of the General Atomics Lynx II. Lockheed Martin has been developing an advanced penetrating radar called Tracer for the US Army CERDEC for potential use on Sky Warrior. Border Patrol Predator Congressional support for UAV technology prompted US Customs and Border Protection (CPB) to add UAVs to its aviation force. In 2004, CPB leased an Israeli Elbit Hermes and borrowed a US Army Hunter to conduct trials along the Mexican border as a possible tool for border patrol. The Hermes logged 590 hours of flight over four months and the Hunter a further 329 hours over three mo n th s . Th is d e mo n s tr a tio n prompted a Congressional addition to the CPB budget for the acquisition of a General Atomics Predator B in 2005 which began operations in October 2005 from Sierra Vista municipal airport along the Mexican border. The Predator crashed on 24 April 2006 due to apparent pilot error but the program proved successful enough that Congress funded another Predator which deployed in November 2006. CPB now has plans to fund UAV operations at about $10 million per year. Congress funded two more Predators in the FY06 supplemental, and the FY07 budget funds 2 more. As of the summer of 2009, five were operational. The additional UAVs will lead to expanded demonstration efforts with a Canadian border patrol demonstration to be based out of Grand Forks, North Dakota in the autumn of 2007 and a joint CPB/Coast Guard effort in Florida in the spring of 2007. In June 2009, a Predator began a three week evaluation effort out of fort Drum in upstate New York to patrol the St. Lawrence river and Lake On-
version of the Predator based on the Army MQ-1C. However, with USAF Predator acquisition coming to an end, this may be limited to the last 20 Predators from the FY09 production batch. Reaper Development Aside from the shift from Predator to Reaper procurement, the USAF is also expanding its development effort on the airframe through a set of improvement packages. The SDD Increment 1 package developed through FY10 includes GBU-38 multi-store capability, BRY-71 updates, GBU-12/EGBU-12 ripple launch capability, Lynx radar stationary target classifier and a number of other improvements. The SDD Increment 2 package to be developed in FY12-15 envisions a universal armament interface, Small Diameter Bomb and JAGM missile capability, improved navigation and communications suites and other upgrades. Navy Armed Predator In December 2005, the US Navy acquired a single MQ-9A Predator B for an undisclosed application, not associated with BAMS. The acquisition did not appear in the open budget. In late 2008, the Navy noted that it had in fact acquired four MQ-9 Reapers from November 2005 to March 2007 for a sensor testing and integration project. MQ-1C Sky Warrior ERMP The US Army awarded a contract in May 2003 for 3 IGNAT UAVs based on the Predator to help define its UAV requirements for a tactical UAV with capabilities beyond those possible with the smaller RQ-7A Shadow for use at division/corps level. The RQ-5 Hunter was once considered a possible candidate for th e A r mys Ex te n d e d Ra n g e Multi-Purpose UAV, but a more capable platform was desired by the Army. ERMP is designed to fill a spot between the Army Shadow and the Air Force MQ-9 Predator B in capability. However, the Army wants to operate the ERMP using the existing GCS of
June 2010

tario along the Canadian border. The CPB effort is being controlled out of an integrated Air and Marine Operations Center in Riverside, California which facilitates coordination with the FAA. The CPB program is proving to be the ground-breaker for UAV airspace access issues and so could facilitate further UAV use by other government agencies. In 2009, CPB pulled one of the Predators from patrol duty and sent it back to General Atomics for modification to make it more suitable for a planned deployment in a maritime patrol role. In May 2006, the FAA also gave the Air Force the green light to use Predators over the United States during disaster relief operations for search and rescue. Although the Air Force was ready to provide this capability in the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the missions were cancelled due to national airspace restrictions. Predator C (Avenger) In April 2009, General Atomics revealed its privately-developed Predator C, now known as Avenger. The first flight was conducted on 4
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April 2009. In contrast to the previous members of the family, the Predator C is jet powered, using the P&W PW545B. The aircraft appears to be aimed at the US Air Forces MQ-X Next Generation UAS requirement. In 2010, General Atomic has also unveiled a navalized version called Sea Avenger which may be aimed at the Navys UCLASS requirement.
Teal Group Analysis

The Predator UAV program has laid the groundwork for future endurance UAVs. Through the 1990s, the US military relied on U-2s to perform high altitude, long-endurance missions. However, with the spread of high altitude anti-aircraft missiles like the Russian S-200 Angara (SA-5 Gammon), these missions became too risky. The main catalyst to the Predator has been the intelligence/surveillance demands of the operations in Iraq and Afghanistan which have significantly increased the procurement and operations tempo of the Predator. The decision to employ the Predators in a more versatile hunter-killer role has considerably expanded interest in the program. The successful use of the Predator in this role over Afghanistan in 2001, Yemen in 2002, and Iraq in 2003 opened the Air Forces eyes to the possibility of having UCAV capability today instead of at the end of the decade. The Reaper has proven to be exceptionally well suited to the type of counter-insurgency operations in which the US is currently engaged. As a result, the Air Forces acquisition plans for the Reaper have continued to expand over the past few years. The Army has selected the Predators MQ-1C Sky Warrior derivative to complement is short-range RQ-7 Tactical UAV. This has caused some friction with the Air Force which in 2007 attempted to take control of the medium-high altitude UAVs. The Army has resisted this effort but DoD has been attempting to foster greater commonality between both. The USAF has talked about acquiring the MQ-1C, but this may be something of a moot point with the shift to the MQ-9. Predator and its derivatives such as the Gnat 750 have already been exported in modest numbers, and it will not be surprising to see more exported late in the forecast period. It is likely that the US Congress will keep a close eye on these exports due to MTCR problems, and they will probably be confined at first to close allies. So far, Britain and Italy are already operating the Predator, but Germany also has the Predator on its short list for its MALE UAV requirement. The Predator has also been leading the way with sales into the civil/government market, first with experimental types such as the NASA Altair, but more recently with surveillance types such as the Border Patrol Predators. This is likely to continue and these are included in the US Government (USG) line below.
Funding Forecast
RDT&E ($ Millions) FY11 FY12 111.6 12.8 11.2 86.1 60.7 FY13 80.1 7.2 11.6 27.5 29.3 FY14 52.9 4.8 3.1 27.5 21.9 FY15 27.3 0.8 3.1 27.5 19.3 FY16 30.0 3.0 18.0 17.0 FY17 30.0 3.0 18.0 15.0 FY18 30.0 3.0 12.0 15.0 FY19 30.0 3.0 12.0 15.0 FY 30.0 3.0 12.0 15.0 PE0205219F Reaper Development Reaper 125.4 PE0305219F Predator Development Predator 28.9 PE0304260F Airborne SIGINT MQ-9 SIGINT 29.7 PE0305204A Tactical UAV APDS 40.2 TSP 5.3 PE0305219A Tactical UAV MQ-1C 123.2
June 2010
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FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 375.0 (15) 85.0 400.0 450.0 (27) FY17 375.0 (15) 85.0 450.0 FY18 375.0 (15) 120.0 400.0 FY19 375.0 (15) 120.0 400.0 FY 375.0 (15) 120.0 400.0
Procurement ($ Millions)
US Air Force Procurement 3010F Reaper 1079.6 1092.2 1142.0 1042.2 1053.0 (quantity) (48) (48) (48) (48) (48) Predator mods 208.2 123.0 99.7 75.0 44.8 Reaper mods 269.3 202.5 378.0 427.7 580.7 US Army Procurement: BA-1 Aircraft Procurement MQ-1 506.3 483.5 490.6 510.3 478.1 (systems) (26) (27) (27) (27) (27)
Production Forecast
User (Variant) General Atomics CIA (Gnat 750) USAF (R/MQ-1) USAF (MQ-9) USA (MQ-1C) USG (Altair/Pred) Export (RQ-1/-9) Total Through 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total
9 270 26 7 8 35 355
48 11 12 1 6 78
2 19 14 1 6 42
24 25 1 8 58
42 27 2 8 79
52 27 2 8 89
48 27 2 8 85
48 27 2 8 85
48 27 2 8 85
48 27 2 8 85
48 2 8 58
9 320 414 220 25 111 1,099
June 2010
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June 2010

Preditor Program Cost and Contract Overview

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What are the origins and development history of the Predator and Reaper UAVs?

What are the origins and development history of the Predator and Reaper UAVs?

What roles have the Predator and Reaper played in US military operations?

What roles have the Predator and Reaper played in US military operations?

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles June 2010

Teal Group Corporation

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper Manufacturer

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

Teal Group Corporation

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

Teal Group Corporation

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

Teal Group Corporation

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

modification to, unclassified prime contracts with a base value of $5 milObligation

lion or more since the beginning of FY00 (10/1/99).

BAE Systems, Advanced Information Technologies

Battlespace Flight Services

General Atomics, Aeronautical Systems - Aircraft Systems Group

3/20/2001 F33657-00-C-4040 6/27/2001 F33657-00-C-4010

12/4/2002 F33657-00-C-4040 7/22/2003 F33657-03-C-3003

Teal Group Corporation

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

ASC ASC ASC

$27,705,374 $5,558,748 $22,001,140

10/1/2004 FA8620-04-C-4005 11/15/2004 FA8620-04-C-4005

3/31/2005 FA8620-04-C-4005 3/31/2005 FA8620-05-C-3000

7/15/2005 FA8620-05-C-3000 8/8/2005 W58RGZ-05-C-0069

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

Teal Group Corporation

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

6/15/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028 6/21/2006 DAAH01-03-C-0124 6/29/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028

ASC AMCOM ASC

$25,151,451 $21,094,500 $14,881,292

12/18/2006 DAAH01-03-C-0124 12/29/2006 FA8620-05-G-3028

1/30/2007 DAAH01-03-C-0124 2/9/2007 W58RGZ-06-C-0208

Teal Group Corporation

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

ASC AMCOM AMCOM ASC ASC

$94,341,404 $11,306,274 $5,181,995 $6,089,382 $33,672,337

9/14/2007 DAAH01-03-C-0124 9/19/2007 W58RGZ-07-C-0107 9/19/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028 9/25/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028

10/1/2007 FA8620-05-G-3028 10/18/2007 W58RGZ-05-C-0069

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing

Teal Group Corporation

RQ-1 Predator/MQ-9 Reaper

3/31/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028 3/31/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028 4/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028

ASC ASC ASC

$49,870,416 $28,947,434 $163,082,588

5/19/2008 W58RGZ-05-C-0069 6/27/2008 W58RGZ-08-C-0082 8/15/2008 W58RGZ-06-C-0208

AMCOM AMCOM AMCOM

$5,000,000 $33,619,359 $7,896,513

11/26/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028 12/30/2008 FA8620-05-G-3028

Teal Group Corporation

World Missiles & UAVs Briefing