SUBJECT CODE: 14UMA4A06

TITLE OF THE PAPER: STATISTICS FOR MATHEMATICS II

UNIT I
SECTION A
1. This method is used to measure population
(a) Sampling (b) Census (c) Random Sampling (d) Door to door
2. When population under investigation is infinite we should use
(a) Sample method (b) Census method
(c) Sample and census method (d) Random method
3. Sampling is inevitable in the situation(s)
(a) blood test of a person (b) when the population is infinite
(c) testing of life of dry battery cells (d) all the above
4. The distribution formed of all possible values of a statistics is called the---------
(a) population (b) Sampling (c) parameter (d) estimator
5. 99% fiducial limits of population mean are
(a) X  2.58S.E (b) X  1.96S.E (c) X + 2.58S.E (d) X + 1.96S.E
6. When the hypothesis is true and our test reject it this is called -----------
(a)Type I error (b) Type II error (c) Standard error (d) Type III error
7. Large sample theory is applicable when
(a) n  30 (b) n  30 (c) n = 32 (d) n = 30
8. The standard deviation of the sampling distribution is called ---------
(a) Standard error (b) Standard deviation
(c) Mean deviation (d) quartile deviation
9. To test H 0 :  =  0 Vs H 1 :    0 when the population standard deviation is known

the appropriate test is3

(a) t-test (b) chi-square test (c) F-test (d) Normal test
10. If T is an unbiased estimator of  , then T 2 is a biased estimator of
(a)  (b)  2 (c)  3 (d)  4
11. Whether a test is one sided or two sided depends on
(a) alternate hypothesis (b) composite hypothesis
(c) null hypothesis (d) simple hypothesis
12. Testing H 0 :  =  0 Vs    0 leads to

(a) one sided right tailed test (b) one sided left tailed test
(c) two tailed test (d) one tailed
13. Stratified sampling is a kind of ----------- sampling method.
(a) Probability (b) Non- Probability (c) Random (d) simple
14. Random sampling is also known as ---------sampling
(a) Probability (b) Non- Probability (c) Random (d) simple
15. The sampling error usually -------- with increase in sample size.
(a) increases (b) decreases (c) is equal (d) unequal

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16. The standard error of the difference between two standard deviation is-------

 12  22  12  22  12 +  22  12
(a) + (b) + (c) (d) +  22
2n1 2n 2 n1 n2 2(n1 + n 2 ) 2(n1 ))

17. Standard error of the sample mean is

  n n
(a) (b) (c) (d)
n n  
18. The standard error of the sampling distribution of the mean is
(a) the deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean.
(b) the standard deviation of the sampling of any statistic.
(c) the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the statistic
d) the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of both mean and variance
19. The method of estimation is called the ------------
(a) estimator (b) sample (c) population (d) variance
20. In ----------tail test rejection region is located in one tail.
(a) One (b) two (c) Multiple (d) right
SECTION B
1. Explain systematic sampling and state its merits, demerits.
2. Prove that x is an unbiased estimate of the population mean  .
3. Explain the method of stratified sampling.
4. Distinguish between random sampling and purposive sampling.
5. How would you select 20 households from a town with 400 households by simple random
sampling?
6. What is meant by test of statistical hypothesis?
7. A sample of 900 members has a mean 3.4 cms and S.D. 2.61 cms. Is the sample from a large
population of mean 3.25 cms and S.D. 2.61 cms?
8. The means of two large samples of 1000 and 2000 items are 67.5 cms and 68.0 cms
respectively. Can the sample be regarded as drawn from the same population with standard
deviation 2.5 cms. Test at 5% level of significance.
9. Differentiate the following pairs of concepts:
(i) Statistics and parameter
(ii) Null and alternative hypothesis.
10. Explain the difference between the ‘standard error of mean’ and ‘standard error’ of
proportions.
11. In a sample of 500 people from a village in Rajasthan. 280 are found to be rice eaters and the
rest wheat eaters. Can we assume that both the food articles are equally popular?
SECTION C
1. Define simple random sample. Also explain any one method of selecting a simple random
sample.
2. Show that S 2 is an unbiased estimate of the population Variance  2
3. What are the different types of sampling? Explain purposive sampling and random sampling
4. Describe the method of stratified random sampling. Mention its advantages and disadvantages.

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5. The Theory predicts the proportion of beans in the four groups A, B, C and D should be 9: 3:
3:1. In an experiment among 1600 beans the numbers in the four groups were 882, 313,287 and
118. Does the experiment result support the theory?
6. A mechanist is making engine parts with axle diameters of 0.700 inch .A random sample of 10
Parts shows a mean diameter of 0.742 inch with standard deviation of 0.040 inch.
Compute the statistic you would use to test whether the work is meeting the specifications,
also state how you would proceed further.
7. Explain
(i) Level of significance
(ii) Type I and type II errors
(iii) Standard error
(iv) Test statistics
8. In a random sample of 1000 persons from town A, 400 are found to be consumers of wheat. In
a Sample of 800 from town B, 400 are found to be consumers of wheat. Do these data reveal a
Significant difference between towns A and B so far as the proportion of wheat a consumer is
Concerned?
UNIT II
SECTION A
1. When the sample size is less than------------ the test is said to be small sample test.
(a) 100 (b) 50 (c) 30 (d) 175
2. The distribution to be used for goodness of fit test is
(a) t- distribution b) F- distribution
(c) ψ2 - distribution (d) Normal- distribution
3. The distribution to be used for analysis of variance is
(a) t- distribution (b) F- distribution
(c) ψ2 - distribution (d) Normal- distribution
4. Test for independence of attributes is based on
(a) t- distribution (b) F- distribution
(c) ψ2 - distribution (d) Normal- distribution
5. When observed and expected frequencies completely coincide χ2 will be
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) Greater than 1 (d) 0
6. To study the equality of Two Means, the appropriate test is -------
(a) t-test (b) chi-square test (c) F-test (d) Normal test
7. Student’s ‘t’ distribution was discovered by
(a) Karl Pearson (b) R.A.Fisher (c) Gosset (d) Spearman
8. The number of error degrees of freedom in a 3 * 3 contingency table is
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 9
9. To test the observed correlation coefficient one can use
(a) t-test (b) chi-square test (c) F-test (d) Normal test
10. χ 2 test is very popularly known as a test of ---------
(a) goodness of fit (b) t- test (c) F- test (d) z-test
11. The Yate’s correction is generally applied when the number of degrees of freedom is

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 (a) 5 (b) 10 (c) greater than 5 (d) 1
12. While testing significance of the difference of two sample means in case of small
samples, the degree of freedom is ------------
(a)  = n1 + n2 (b)  = n1 + n2 − 1 (c)  = n1 + n2 − 2 (d)  = n1 + n2 + 1
13. Standard error of number of successes is given by:
pq np
(a) (b) npq (c) (d) n 2 p 2
n q

14.  2 variate with n degrees of freedom is

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 x − i   ( x − i ) 2   x − i   xi −  i 
(a)   i  (b)   i 
 (c)   i  (d)   

 i   i  2
  i    i 
15.  2 variate with ----- degrees of freedom is a normal variate
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
16. Test for equality of population variance is based on
(a) t- distribution (b) F- distribution
(c) ψ2 - distribution (d) Normal- distribution
17. In a contingency table  =
(a) (n − 1) (b) (r − 1) (c) (c − 1)(r + 1) (d) (b − 1)(n − 1)
SECTION B
1. The standard deviation calculated from two random samples of size 9 and 13 are 2.1 and 1.8
respectively. May the sample be regarded as dawn from the same population with same
standard deviation?
2. A random sample of 27 pairs of observations from a normal population gave a correlation
coefficient of 0.6. Is this significant of correlation in the population?
3. The mean of a sample of size 10 is 0.742. The standard deviation in the sample is 0.40. Test
the hypothesis H 0 :  0 = 700

4. A machine puts out 16 imperfect articles in a sample of 500. After machine was overhauled, it
puts out 3 imperfect articles in a batch of100. Has the machine improved.
5. A sample of 26 bulbs gives a mean life of 900 hours with a S.D of 20 hours. The manufacturer
claims that the mean life of bulbs is 1000hours. Is the sample not up to the standard?
6. Define t-variate and point out the applications of‘t’ distribution.
7. Explain  2 test for goodness of fit.
8. Explain how the F-test is used for testing the equality of population variance.
9. What is‘t’ distribution? Explain its uses in testing the hypothesis.
SECTION C
1. Explain the test procedure for testing equality of two population variances based on two small
samples.
2. Twelve students were tested before and after training with the following results.
Test if the training was effective.
Before
44 40 61 52 32 44 70 41 67 72 53 72
training

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 After training 53 38 69 57 46 39 73 48 73 74 60 78

3. Test the significant difference between sample means:

Sample -I 63 65 68 71 72
Sample -II 61 62 65 66 69 69 70 71 72 73
Explain the test procedure for testing the significance of two proportions.
4. The number of automobile accidents per week in a certain community are as follows
12, 8, 20, 2, 14, 10, 15, 6, 9, 4.
Are these frequencies in agreement with the belief that accident conditions were the same
during this 10 week period? [ 9 d.f ,  2 = 1.69 ]
5. A random sample of size 16 has 53 as mean. The sum of the squares of the deviation taken
from mean is 135. Can this sample be regarded as taken from the population having 56 as
mean? Obtain 95% confidence limits of the mean of the population. (for  = 15, t 0.05 = 2.13 )

6. Intelligence test on two groups of boys and girls gave the following results:
mean S.D N
Girls 75 15 150
boys 70 20 250

Is there a significant difference in the mean scores obtained by boys and girls?
7. Two types of drugs were used on 5 and 7 patients for reducing their weight. Drug A was
imported and drug B in diagnosis. The degrees in the weight after using a drug for six months
were as follows:
Drug A 10 12 13 11 14
Drug B 8 9 12 14 15 10 9

Is there a significant difference in the efficacy of the Two Drugs if not which drug should you
buy? (For  = 10 , t 0.05 = 2.223 )

8. A college conducted both day and evening classes intended to be identical. A sample of 100
day students yields examination results as under: mean X 1 = 72 .4,  1 = 14 .8 . A sample of

200evening students yields examination results as under: mean X 2 = 73 .9,  2 = 17 .9 . Are the

two statistically equal at 1 %level?

UNIT III
SECTION A
1. In 3 × 3 Latin Square the total of such possibilities -------------
(a) 12 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 16.
2. In one way analysis of variance, total sum of squares = -----------
(a) row sum of squares – correction factor
(b) correction factor - row sum of squares
(c) row sum of squares + correction factor
(d) correction factor / row sum of squares

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3. In two- way analysis of variance, the correction factor (CF) is equal to------
G G2 G2 G2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
mn m n nm
4. ----------- stands for mean square between samples.
(a) SSC (b) MSC (c) MSS (d) SSM
5. In RBD with b blocks and v treatments, the error degrees of freedom is
(a) b(v − 1) (b) v(b − 1) (c) (b − 1)(v − 1) (d) bv − 1
6. Analysis of variance technique was developed by
(a) Karl Pearson (b) R.A.Fisher (c) Shewhart (d) Gosset
7. Replication in an experiment means
(a) the number of blocks
(b) the number of treatments
(c) the number of times a treatment occurs in an experiment
(d) the number of plots.
8. The Basic principles of experimental designs are
(a) Replication and local control
(b) Replication and randomization
(c) Replication, randomization and local control
(d) local control and randomization
9. In a Latin square design, the number of rows, columns and treatments are
(a) all different (b) always equal (c) not necessarily equal (d) unequal
10. In one way classification, there is N observation then the correction factor is
(a) Sum of Rows / N (b) Sum of Rows / N x N
(c) Sum of Rows / (N – 1) (d) Sum of Rows / 2N
11. The Error degrees of freedom in LSD with m treatment is
(a) m-1 (b) (m-1) (m-2) (c) (m-1)2 (d) (m-2)
12. Sum of squares between samples is denoted by.
(a) SSC (b) MSC (c) MSS (d) SSM
13. ANOVA table stands for -------------
(a) Analysis of variance (b) Analysis of Mean
(c) Analysis of Median (d) Analysis of Mode
14. In ANOVA one way classification, the number of degrees of freedom between the Samples
is ------
(a) c-1 (b) n-1 (c) n-c (d) n-2
15. In ANOVA two way classifications, the number of degrees of freedom between the samples
is------
(a) c-1 (b) n-1 (c) n-c (d) n-2
16. In ANOVA one way classification, the number of degrees of freedom within the sample is---
(a) c-1 (b) n-1 (c) n-c (d) n-2
17. In ANOVA two way classifications, the number of degrees of freedom between the rows is
(a) c-1 (b) r-1 (c) n-c (d) n-2

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18. The Analysis of variance, we test
(a) equality of two variances (b) equality of two means
(c) equality of several means (d) equality of several variances
19. The distribution to be used for analysis of variance
(a) t-test (b) chi-square test (c) F-test (d) Normal test
SECTION B
1. Describe the procedure for two- way classification.
2. Explain the concept of RBD.
3. What is analysis of variance? Give anova table for one-way classification.
4. Mention the merits and demerits of CRD.
5. Discuss the F-test for testing the equality of two sample variances..
6. Explain about analysis of variance. State any two of its uses.
7. State advantages and disadvantages of RBD. Give anova table
8. Write a short note on randomized block design.
9. Explain the model used and describe the analyzing of data from a CRD.
10. Obtain the efficiency of RBD in relation to CRD
SECTION C
1. Carry out the analysis of variance for the following data:

PLOT YIELD
A B C D
8 9 3 8
12 4 8 7
1 7 2 8
9 2 5 2

2. Prepare a two-way ANOVA table:

MONTH SALESMAN
A B C D
May 50 40 48 39
June 46 48 50 45
July 39 44 40 39

3. Analyze the following results of a Latin square experiment

Column/Row 1 2 3 4
1 A(12) D(20) C(16) B(10)
2 D(18) A(14) B(11) C(14)
3 B(12) C(15) D(19) A(13)
4 C(16) B(11) A(15) D(20)

4. Explain the purpose of design of experiment and indicate the characteristics of a good
Experimental design.
5. Prepare a two-way ANOVA table on the data given below:

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 Treatment
Plots of land A B C D

I 38 40 41 39

II 45 42 49 36

III 40 38 42 42

6. What is LSD? Write its anova table and its significance.

7. Carry out the analysis of the following Latin Square design.
5A 8C 9B

4B 6A 9C

7C 10B 6A

8. The following table shows the lives in four batches of electric lamps:
1 1600 1610 1650 1680 1700 1720 1800
2 1580 1640 1640 1700 17590
3 1460 1550 1600 1620 1640 1660 1740 1820
4 1510 1520 1530 1570 1600 1680

Perform an analysis of variance of these data and show that a significant does not reject their
Homogeneity.
9. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of LSD.
10. What is the usual assumption made in the analysis of a randomized block design?
UNIT IV
SECTION A
1. ‘P’ chart is suitable for
(a) Number of defects in a unit (b) Measurable values
(c) Number of defective pieces (d) Mean
2. In a single sampling plan the following are specified
(a) N , n, c (b) N , n1 , c, n2 (c) N , n1 , n2 ,.c1 , c2 (d) n1 , n 2 ,.c1 , c 2
3. The lower control limit for C-chart is
(a) C + C (b) C + 3 C (c) C − 3 C (d) C −3 C
4. Control chart consist of --------- horizontal line.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c)1 (d) 4
5. For finding the limits of the control chart, the following is (are) needed from the sample
(a) Mean (b)Variance (c)range (d) all the above
6. The upper control limit for R-chart is---------
(a) D1 R (b) D2 R (c) D4 R (d) A4 R
7. An example of a variable control chart is-----------
(a) P chart (b) R chart (c) σ and R (d) all the above

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8. In 3 × 3 Latin Square the total of such possibilities -------------
(a) 12 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 16
9. In control chart upper control limits can be
(a) negative (b) always positive (c) always zero (d) always one
10. Control charts are classified as follows
(a) variable charts (b) attribute (c) both (a) and (b) (d) neither(a)nor(b)
11. The R-Chart is used to show that --------of the quality produced by a given process
(a) variability (b) means (c) median (d) mode
12. SQC helps in detecting
(a) chance of variation (b) assignable variation
(c) both chance and assignable variation (d) neither(a)nor(b)
13. A double sampling plan is complete when the following are specified
(a) N , n1 , n2 , c1 , c2 , d1 , d 2 (b) N , n1 , c1 , n2
(c) N , n1 , n2 , c1 , c 2 (d) n1 , n2 , c1 , c2
14. Control limits for np - chart are

(a) np  3 np(1 − p) (b) np + 3 p 1 − p

(c) np  np + (1 − p) (d) np * np np(1 − p)

15. If ‘ d ’ is the number of defectives in a sample size ‘ n ’, then the sample proportion defective
is
d d n d
(a) p = (b) p = (c) p = (d) p =
n n d n
SECTION B
1. State the advantages of statistical quality control
2. Explain the method of constructing the average chart
3. Explain how the single sampling plan is used for taking a decision?
4. Explain the construction of C-chart. Also mention its applications.
5. Discuss variable and attribute charts. State the purpose of each of them.
6. Ten pieces of cloth out of different rolls of equal length contained the following number of
defects:
1, 3, 5, 0, 6, 0, 9, 4, 4, 3. Draw a control chart for the number of defects and state whether
the process is in a state of statistical control.
7. Explain the control limits of np chart.
8. Explain what is single sampling plan and double sampling plan.
9. Name the various type of control charts popularly used in practice.
10. Write about the shape of an ideal OC curve.

SECTION C
1. Describe the construction of Double sampling plan with its flow chart

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2. Construct P - Chart for the following data and state your conclusion:
Lot number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of articles
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600
inspected
No of defectives 25 16 19 37 14 8 19 12 11 13

3. The following are the sample means and ranges of 10 samples each of size 5. Construct X and
R charts (given A2 = .577,D3 = 0,D4 = 2.1150).
Mean 49 45 48 53 39 47 46 39 51 46
Range 7 5 7 9 5 8 8 6 7 6

4. A drilling machine bores holes with a mean diameter of 0.5230cm and standard deviation of
0.0032 cm .Calculate the 2-σ and 3-σ upper and lower limits for means of samples 4.
5. Explain how the control limits of X and R chart are obtained and its use.
6. The following data refers to visual defects found during the inspection of the first samples of
size 50 each from a lot of two wheelers manufactured by an automobile company:
Sample number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No of defectives 4 3 2 3 4 4 4 1 3 2

Draw the ‘P’ chart to show that the fraction defectives are under control.
7. You are given the value of sample mean X and Range(R) for ten samples of size 5 each.
Draw X and R charts

Sample number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Mean 43 19 37 44 45 37 51 46 43 47
Range 5 6 5 7 7 4 8 6 4 6

(given for n=5, A2 = 0.58, D3 = 0,D4 = 2.115).

8. The following are the figures of defective in 22 lots each containing 2000 rubber belts
425, 430, 216, 341, 225, 322, 280, 306, 337, 305, 356, 402, 216, 264, 126, 409, 193, 326,
280, 389, 451, 420.
Draw control chart for fraction defective and comment on the state of control of the process.
9. Write the applications of ‘ C’ chart.
10. Distinguish between single sampling and double sampling.
UNIT V
SECTION A
1. Vital statistics is mainly concerned with
(a) Birth (b) Death (c) Marriage (d) All the above
2. The death rate obtained for a segment of populations known as
(a) specific death rate (b) crude death rate
(c) standardized rate (d) vital index

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3. The number of live births 7330 and the female population of age 15 to 49 in the given area
during the same year is 1, 00,000. Then ‘General Fertility rate’ is
(a) 733 (b) 7.33 (c) 73.3 (d) 0.733
4. The standardized death rate of town A is 20.52 and the standardized death rate of town B is
22.75 which would you consider to be more healthy
(a) Town A (b) Town B (c) Both A and B (d) neither(a)nor(b)
5. The number of death per year is 30 and annual mean population is 3000 then crude death rate
is
(a) 30 (b) 3 (c) 60 (d) 90
6. For comparing the health condition of two towns we have to calculate
(a) Crude death rate (b) Crude Birth rate
(c) Standardized Birth Rate (d) Standardized death Rate
7. Events like birth; death, marriage etc are recorded and maintained in a register is known as
(a) Biodata Register (b) History Register
(c) Vital statistics register (d) birth register
8. Life table is very much useful for
(a) Government (b) LIC (c) Hospital authority (d) All the above
9. A population is said to be stationary if it is of
(a) constant size (b) constant age
(c) constant sex composition over time (d) all these
10. Method of obtaining vital statistics is
(a) Registration method (b) Census method
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) vital index
11. Fertility rate provide an adequate basis for
(a) Population growth (b) Family planning
(c) Checking the infant mortality (d) all of the above.
12. The ratio of births to the total deaths in a year is called
(a) survival rate (b) total fertility rate
(c) vital index (d) population death rate
13. In life table q x is calculated by the formula

dx lx lx lx
(a) (b) (c) (d)
tx Tx qx dx

14. Net reproduction rate cannot be --------- gross reproduction rate

(a) less than (b) greater than (c)equal to (d)both (a) and (b)
15. Theoretically the net reproduction rate can range from -----------
(a) 0-5 (b) 5-8 (c) 6-8 (d) 8-5
SECTION B
1. Define the G.F.R. What are its merits and demerits?
2. Define and discuss age specific death rates.
3. Explain the uses of vital statistics.
4. What is meant by standardized death rate? Calculate S.D.R. (with respect to age) using the

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 following data:
Age 0-2 2-5 5-15 15-40 40-60 Above 60
Specific death rate 375 210 85 41 93 195
Standard population(‘000’) 15 10 12 38 15 10

5. Explain, how the Crude Birth rate is calculated.

6. Explain the direct and indirect methods of computing standardized death rates.
7. Explain about specific fertility rate.
8. Write a short note on
i) Standardized death rate ii) General fertility rate
9. From the following of the two towns A and B which would you consider to be more healthy.
AssumeTown B as standard.

Age Town A Town B

Population Specific Population Specific

(in `000) death rate (in `000) death rate
0-15 10000 200 15000 370
15-50 18000 500 20000 600

50 and above 2000 50 5000 100

10. Explain registration method to obtain vital statistics .Also write down the use of vital
statistics.
SECTION C
1. Calculate the specific fertility rate and general fertility rate, from the following data:
Age(years) Number of women(in thousand) Number of live births
15-19 25 800
20-24 20 2400
25-29 18 2000
30-34 15 1500
35-39 12 500
40-44 6 120
45-49 4 10

2. Find the crude and standardized death rates of the two populations A and B from the following
data
Age Standard Population Population A
Population Specific Population Specific
(in `000) death rate (in `000) death rate
Below 5 15 360 40 1000
5-30 20 400 52 1040
Above 30 10 280 8 240
total 45 1040 100 2280

3. Compute general fertility rate and gross reproduction rate from the data given below

Age group of child 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49

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 bearing females
No. of women (‘000’) 16 16.4 15.8 15.2 14.8 15.0 14.5
Total births 260 2244 1894 1320 196 280 145
Assume that the population of female births is 46.2 percent.
4. Calculate the gross and net reproduction rates from the data given below
Age group 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49
Female Population( ‘000’) 1600 1000 1685 1730 1725 1620 1510
Female birth 19000 70200 90600 62400 32500 11000 800
Survival rate 0.921 0.901 0.885 0.862 0.850 0.832 0.812

5. Distinguish between Crude death rate and standardized death rate

6. Find the standardized death rate by direct and indirect methods for the data given below:
Age Standard Population Population A

Population Specific Population Specific

(in `000) death rate (in `000) death rate
0-5 8 50 12 48
5-15 10 15 13 14
15-50 27 10 15 9
50& ABOVE 5 60 10 59

7. Explain how you calculate NRR .Also comment on the values of NRR.
8. Define Crude death rate. Also state its merits and demerits.
9. Calculate the total fertility rate and general fertility rate, from the following data:
Age group 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50
No. of women 100 120 110 105 100 80 70
Specific fertility rate 15 100 120 140 80 50 10
(per1000)

10. Explain about the measurement of mortality.

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