USERS MANUAL AND SET UP PROCEDURES

FOR ALL R.I.B.

(RADIUS INCREMENTED BOND)
AND 3 x 5 BOND TOOLS

TEK-CO TOOLS

MANUFACTURING QUALITY
PERFORATING GUNS AND HARDWARE
SINCE 1966

DELIVERING QUALITY DOWNHOLE

LOGGING INSTRUMENTS SINCE 1994
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Table of Contents

!
"# $ $
% "
$ #$

&' ( )#
&' # *
( &

+ ,&
&' % * &
&' ( - + . & /

# * &
0 # & 1
!
2 3 3 ##

2
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Introduction
Titan produces two types of bond tools in their TekCo division. One style is a conventional 3’ and 5’
spaced tool and the other is a RIB Tool (Radially Incremented Bond Tool). The RIB utilizes the standard
3’ and 5’ receivers but also incorporates a segmented receiver at 1.5’ from the transmitter. This allows for
an incremental 360° look around the casing as well as a Pseudo 3’ curve.

Both types of tools transmit pulse, collar, and temperature log data in an analog signal along with the
sonic data. The timing scheme employed is not the same for the two tools; however in both cases it is
detected and decoded in the Warrior system by DSP software through selection of the appropriate script
command.

Both styles of tools have an internal calibration signal which can be used for a well site calibration which
does not rely on finding (assuming) free pipe in the well. For both tools the philosophy is the same,
namely the tool is calibrated in a known environment (zero signal and a calibration pipe) and the internal
calibrate signal evaluated. The calibrations for all the receivers and the value of the internal calibration
signal are recorded by tool serial number. This procedure is termed the shop or master calibration. At the
well site the receiver zero signals and internal calibration signal are re-evaluated and corrections made to
reproduce the readings obtained during the shop calibration. In this way any changes in signal amplitudes
due to electronics drift, differences in wire line length and other factors may be minimized.

The 3 ft receiver signal curve is calibrated to industry standard values. The sector signals are normalized
to a given log amplitude during the shop calibration for calibration pipe diameter. When logging casing of
other diameters the sector amplitudes are adjusted to produce the same log deflection and cement map
appearance.

3
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

1.0 Acquisition
Begin by selecting “Acquisition” and then “Service” and selecting the service for the tool you want to run,
the service name should be readily identifiable for the tool. Keep in mind that the TekCo Division tool
services will start with TekCo not Titan.

1.1 Edit Logging Services Details

Tools have different timing schemes and the services must be set up to match the timing scheme. From
this window it is possible to change the tool being run, the order of the tools in the string, and add or
delete centralizers, weight bars, knuckle joints or other tool string components. It is from the information
set in this window that the calibrations, default offsets and filters settings for the log to be run are derived.

1.2 Edit Logging Tools details

When the Service is selected the Edit Tool String Window will come up automatically. You may also
select Edit and Tool String, to display the following window. By right clicking on a tool and selecting
properties you can change the default tool offsets and filter settings.

FIG: 1 Tool string

4
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

One thing to be aware of if you are going to present a Pseudo 3’ curve is the Sector spacing must be
input in the Model window. See FIG: 2. You must also be using Warrior update 081212 or newer for the
curve to be calculated.

FIG: 2 Pseudo 3’ Curve

5
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

1.3 Tool String

Depth offsets that were derived from the Edit-Tool String step may be viewed by choosing Edit-Sensors,
to display the following window. FIG: 2

FIG: 2 Edit Sensors

These offsets may be edited from this window, by double clicking on a sensor. The information in this
window normally consists of the hardware source of the sensor (Device and Channel number); the depth
offset of the sensor from tool zero reference, and the sampling rate. The information contained in Edit
Sensors is defaulted to the current service and current tool string information. For example, sensor depth
offsets are derived from the selected tool string and the information contained in the tools database. The
default sample rates and device channel assignments are derived from the services file and are
contained in the services.inifile. The default depth offsets are derived from tool information contained in
the tools.inifile. Sensors cannot be modified while in a record mode.

It is important to know that no permanent changes are saved from this window. If you
change anything in the Edit / Tool String window and save them, any changes under
Edit Sensors will be deleted when the service is closed. If you have to edit offsets in
the Edit Sensor window the Tools.inifile should be modified.

6
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

1.4 Edit

Click on the Edit menu box of the Warrior Logging System menu box and scroll down to and select
Variables.

1.5 Variables

This will display the Variable (parameter) edit window, enabling depth dependent parameters associated
with the selected service to be zoned and values to be set.

FIG: 3 SDS Variables

Check the proper Casing OD under CASEOD and proper Casing Weight under CASEWGHT. If you are
outputting a Bond Index curve, enter the Minimum and Maximum Amplitudes. Enter any other variables
that may be required. Then click the Accept button. The Minimum and Maximum Amplitude values are
used for calculating the Bond Index Curve.
You must also manually enter the PPT (Predicted Pipe Time) which can be found in Appendix A.

Of these values the MINAMPL will have the greatest impact upon the calculations.
The proper values are listed in Appendix A. Also, the MINATTN value is typical for
most standard casings.

7
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

2.0 SDSTIP
This window allows for a “course” gain and filter setting to be modified in the Warrior panel, fine tuning
should be done with the slider bars in the Panel Controls window. As with any service, settings may
change due to line length, line type, and tool itself. The gains and filters for the Titan / Tekco RIB tools
below are for a reference point. This screen shot was taken with a TekCo 3 1/4” RIB tool synced up
using approximately 24,000’ of 7/32” wireline.

Under the Warrior Logging System menu go to Edit / Device Configuration / SDSTIP.

FIG: 4 Tool Interface Panel Configurations for Titan / TekCo RIB Tools.

The Gains set the maximum gain for the Panel Control Slider bars and should be set to give a usable
range for the slider bars depending on line length and tool signal.

The Sonic line is for the Sonic signal.

The Sync line is for the Sync signal.

The Aux line is for the pulse signals.

The FC is the frequency of the signal being detected. The Q is the sharpness of the filter, the higher
the Q the sharper the cutoff frequency. Band Pass or High Pass is the type filter used.

The FC for the Sonic Line should be set for the frequency of the sonic receiver crystals, with a High
Pass Filter and a Q of 1.

The FC for the Sync Line usually works best with a low Q and Low FC, with a High Pass Filter.

8
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

The FC and Q for the Aux Line usually work well as listed above in the screen shot.

For the Titan / TekCo 1 11/16” RIB tool, synced up on approximately 24,000’ of 7/32 wireline the
SDSTIP Panel should be initially
ally set like screen shot below.

FIG: 5 Tool Interface Panel Configurations1 11/16 RIB on 24,000’ of 7/32”

These values are not set in stone and will have to be tweaked for individual situations with the exception
of the Fc and HighPass settings which should be correct for most situations.

9
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

3.0 Power Up
To power up the tool string go to Action / Power Control / Enable. All Titan / TekCo logging tools power up
at 120 VDC at the TOP OF THE TOOL, unless otherwise noted.

FIG: 6 Power Control Window Enabled

Once powered up compare the total current draw displayed on the Warrior panel to what the actual
current draw should be. This can be determined by adding the nominal current draw for each tool in the
string. Make a mental note of the current draw this can be helpful for troubleshooting.

10
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

4.0 Syncing
Make sure the SDSTIP window is set to the appropriate settings (see fig 5 above). Begin with the “Sync
Gain” slider all the way down and the “Sonic Gain” slider in the same position as Fig: 5. Next, start
clicking the up arrow on the “Sync Gain” slider, one click at a time, about 3-4 clicks a second.

FIG: 7 Refresh Rate being updated.

Watch the refresh rate, located below the Cal Pulse window, it will begin to update as the tool begins to
sync. Stop clicking as soon as it begins to update and look at all the windows to verify that you have all
your signals. If not continue to increase the sync gain one click at a time until all signals appear. If
increasing your Sync Gain by 5 to 10 more clicks does not bring all of the signals into the windows, you
may need to increase the Sonic Gain and re sync the tool by bringing the Sync Gain all the way down and
clicking up one click at a time. Once all the signals are visible increase the “Sync Gain” by at least 5 more
clicks. This will insure your tool dose not drop out of sync while logging.

Over or under syncing the tool will change the arrival time of E1.

4.1 PMON
When synced properly you should also be able to see pulses in your “PMON” window, provided you have
a pulse type tool in the string. If you see wave forms in the “WVFSignal” windows but no pulses in the
“PMON” window try increasing your gain on the “AUX Gain” slider bar. If the slider bar is approaching
max gain, lower it back to about 25; raise the gain setting it the “SDSTIP” window and began raising the
slider again, repeat the process until you have pulses about 2 volts high in the PMON window without
maxing out the slider bar.

Once the pulses are gained to the proper height the discrimination levels need to be set; usually about
midway of the pulse. They are adjusted using the slide bars to the right of the “PMON” window.
Depending on the configuration of the tool string, the number of slider bars you have will vary. Generally
for one to two pulse tools, (ex. Gamma / Neutron) there will be two sliders, “+” and “-“. With three to four
different pulses, (ex. Gamma / Compensated Neutron) there will be four sliders +, ++,-, and - -. To
determine which slide bar is which move your mouse pointer over the up or down pointers of the bar and
the corresponding symbol will be displayed. The discriminate levels for the additional pulses are usually
set about mid way of the pulse height, but be aware of the over shoots from the opposing pulses.

11
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

“Bi Levels” must be enabled in the Bond or RIB tool for multiple pulse heights to be
recognized.

FIG: 8 PMON threshold setting for + and – pulses.

Once the “PMON” window is set up look at your Outputs (Section 4.4) to make sure the appropriate
number of pulses are being counted. For example, the TekCo Scintillation Gamma’s should have around
30 cps on surface.

4.2 Temperature Pulse

The Titan / TekCo Bond and RIB Tools utilize a Travel Time style measurement to acquire the down hole
temperature. That being said it is very important that the Travel Time Gate be set in the “WSVTEMP”
window (See FIG: 9 for proper placement) or your temperature output will be wrong. It is also necessary
to check in the Edit / Calibrations screen and verify that the Temp Gain is set to .333 and the “Offset” is
set to 0. Once these setting have been confirmed, check the Outputs Window / Temp display for the
correct temperature. The tool temperature will vary slightly from the ambient temperature if the temp
probe is not submerged in fluid. One submerged in fluid it may take several minutes for the temperature
to adjust to the tool body temperature given that the probe is mounted in the tool body.

12
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 9 WSVTEMP Travel Time Gate

If the above steps have been taken and the temperature continues to read incorrectly, the Script file for
that service may need to be modified due to scaling of the signal windows.

4.3 E1 Arrival Time

Every pipe size and weight has a calculated “Predicted Pipe Time” value in Free Pipe, see appendix A for
charts. This is the elapsed time it takes the signal to leave the transmitter, travel through the well fluid,
down the pipe and to the receiver. Depending on how high or low you set your sync gain will dictate
where your 3’ E1 will appear in time. You may need to increase your sync gain to move your 3’ E1 over in
time to the predicted value.

FIG: 10 2 ¾” RIB 3’ properly synced in 5.5” / 17# Casing.

13
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

4.4 Monitoring Outputs.

From Warrior Acquisition Window select Monitor / Outputs. An “Outputs” window will appear that allows
you to monitor signals such as CCL, GR, and other sensors. This is also a good time to check that your
temperature output is reading correctly.

You will not have Gamma or Neutron counts in the Outputs window if the discrimination
levels have not been set in the PMON window. If you do not have a TEMP reading check the WSVTEMP
window to make sure the Travel Time gate is set correctly.

FIG: 11 Outputs List

14
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

5.0 Wellsite Calibration Procedures

Once you have your tool string synced up its time to calibrate. Make sure that you have entered the
correct parameters in the “Variables” screen before calibrating.

The GR can be calibrated like any other GR tool. Select Action–Calibrate–Gamma Ray. Follow the
on screen menu.

5.1 SCBL Wellsite Set Up

This calibration step should be done 2000’ to 3000’ below fluid level in Free Pipe if possible. If no Free
Pipe is available loading a previous calibration will be necessary, see section 6.0. It is usually a good idea
to monitor a Down log before doing a calibration to determine the fluid level and the freest section of pipe
as well as to verify your tool is not across a casing collar. Doing so will give you a chance to observe your
other tools in the string for the proper outputs.

Once in position in free pipe and not across a casing collar you are ready to calibrate. The tool should
show signals in all of the Waveform Windows. Bring the Waveform Window to the front. The Amplitude
gates appear on the waveforms as a white line (sometimes referred to as the white worm) on the section
of the waveform where they are set. The gates can be changed on this window by clicking on the
waveform that needs to be adjusted (note the dark border around the selected waveform) and then using
the buttons in the top right corner of the Waveform Window. To move the gate right or left on the x-axis
use the buttons labeled << or >>. The width of the gate can be increased by selecting the< or > button
and decreased by using the > or < button.

Note: It is recommended that you keep all of your gate widths the same. Approximately 30 microsecond
works well with most tool types.

Also, specific waveforms can be viewed by selecting button on the wave form window then
highlighting the waveforms that you want displayed. Reducing the number of waveforms gives you a
screen that is easier to work with. Remember to click on the waveform before adjusting the gates. Before
gating on the first arrival use the Panel Control ‘Sonic Gain’ Slider Bar to increase/decrease the signal.
Make sure that none of the signals are saturated (2.5 Volts or larger). If you are going to be running logs
in casing that is smaller than your calibration tank, be aware that the signals will be larger in smaller
casings and you will need to decrease your signal to accommodate this.

Titan / TekCo recommends a 2 volt high 3’ E1 signal for optimal response with a minimum of a 1 volt
signal in free pipe for the 3’ E1 and Sectors. With a signal amplitude of 1 volt for the 3’ signal the 5’ signal
amplitude should be slightly higher.

Note: In casing larger than 7” or smaller than 4.5” the Bond or RIB tool may need to be adjusted internally
by a technician depending on the size tool being run.

On the Waveform Window select (Travel Time Gate) and use the arrows at the top of the wave
form window to adjust the Travel Time gates. Move the red threshold line to a suitable position that
crosses the first arrival. Make sure it is far enough away from the baseline to avoid baseline noise.
The width of the Travel Time gate is dependent on a number of variables. The first being where E1
arrives in time in free pipe, the second, will any fast formation be encountered, and third, the width of your
Travel Time scale.

15
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

The beginning of the gate needs to be early enough in time to allow for any Fast Formation that may
cause E1 to occur earlier in time than the PPT (predicted pipe time), 50 µSec before PPT should be
sufficient. The end of the gate should be set approximately 100 µSec wider than you log presentation is.
Example, if the log presentation is 320 µSec to 220 µSec the beginning gate should be set to 50 µSec
before PPT and the end of the gate to 420 µSec.

The Travel Time gates for the 5’ and sectors are not normally utilized but can be set up in the same
fashion as the 3’ Travel Time gate.

AT THIS POINT YOU SHOULD HAVE YOUR GATE (WHITE LINE) ON ALL THE FIRST POSITIVE
ARRIVALS OF ALL THE SIGNALS BEING DISPLAYED. (The CAL pulse first arrivals should be
positive. If the first arrival is not positive, the polarity can be changed through Warrior/Utilities/Edit
Logging Tool Details/Invert equals yes.)

FIG: 12 Gate Settings for Signal Cal

16
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

After all of the gates are set (Amplitude and Travel Time) select - Save As. Give this setup a
name, such as “TekCo 2 ¾” RIB Amplitude Cal”. If there is a problem later the setting can be restored by

selecting – Load and selecting that set up name.

Note: The same can be done for setting the PMON Window.

5.2 SCBL Pipe Zero Calibration

Make sure the gates for all signals are on the flat part of baseline before the first arrival. See Fig 13.

Make sure before you move the gates that you’re set up has been saved.

Fig. 13 Gate settings for Zero Cal

17
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

In the Acquisition Window select Action–Calibrate–SCBL Pipe Zero. Then click on the <<sample button.
The Sample & Average Sensor(s) box will appear. Click on the begin button. When the sample is
complete, monitor the values they should be very close to zero. If they are click the Accept button. If the
values are not close to zero click the Reject button and correct the problem.

FIG: 14 Pipe Zero Calibrate

The Target Baseline Amplitude is normally set to the 100% bonded Millvolt reading for the specific pipe
and cement you are logging. These values can be found on the charts in Appendix A.

18
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 15 Pipe Zero - Sample

FIG: 16 Pipe Zero - Begin

19
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 17 Pipe Zero - Accept

The SCBL Zero Baseline Calibration box will appear check that the values are all close to zero and click
Accept.

FIG: 18 Accepted Sensor Value signals

20
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

5.3 SCBL Wellsite Signal Cal

Once you have completed the Pipe Zero cal you need to perform a Pipe Signal (Free Pipe) calibration.
This step is should be performed at the freest point in the well for an accurate log. This can be located, as
I mentioned earlier, by logging down and watching for the highest Millvolt reading and looking at the 5’
VDL for collar chevrons and a uniform signal. Another curve to assist in locating free pipe is the 3’ Travel
Time curve; the gate must be set for the Travel Time to be accurate. Make sure all Amplitude gates for all
signals are on the positive part of the first arrival and the first arrival timing is where you expect it for the
size casing being logged. See FIG 19.

FIG: 19 Signals

21
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Begin by going to the Acquisition Window select Action–Calibrate–Pipe Signal. The SCBL E1 Amplitude
Calibration window will appear to sample the first arrival pipe amplitude. The Free Pipe Millvolt of the
casing you are sampling is in the cells at the top of the window. The Sector E1 amplitude is normally set
to 100 or made to match the 3ft E1 amplitude. If you are planning on presenting a pseudo 3’ amplitude
curve the Sector amplitude must match the max amplitude listed for the measured 3’ amplitude curve.

Note: If the value is not there or not correct check to see if the Casing OD and Maximum Amplitude were
input in the Variables Window.

FIG: 20 Pipe signal Calibration

22
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 21 Pipe Signal - Sample

Click on the <<sample button. When the Sample & Average Sensor(s) box will appear click Begin.

FIG: 22 Pipe Signal - Begin

23
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 23 Accept Sample Signals

After the sampling has finished select Accept. The calibration gains and offsets for each waveform are
displayed. The offsets on all waveforms should be near zero. The gains should range from 20 to150.
Select OK.

FIG: 24 Amplitude Calibration Results

24
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

The SCBL E1 Amplitude Calibration window will appear with the raw voltage readings displayed. Select
Accept.

FIG: 25 E1 Amplitude Calibrations

Note: If you need to make more than one calibration for each tool you must enter a different Serial
Number.

Do not do a downhole cal with the same Serial Number because if you accept the cal
and it is no good you will have over written the good shop cal, which can be utilized, if
there is no Free Pipe found in the well.

Note: To save a cal go to the “Warrior” window, select Utilities / Edit Logging Tool Details. Make sure
“Tools” is highlighted, select Calibrations / Save. A list will come up, select the model of tool you are
running and the serial number, select Save and then name the calibration.

Once the two calibration procedures above have been completed your tool is ready to log. It should be
noted the tool output may vary slightly from the calibrated values when exposed to max temperature and
pressure.

25
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

6.0 Using Shop Calibrations at the Well Site

Shop calibrations are needed when there is no free pipe in the well to calibrate your tool to. Shop cal’s
are preformed in a calibration tank and saved to a tool specific file prior to the job.

6.1 Restoring Tank Calibrations

On the job site power up and sync the tool as described in the previous sections. Go to Utilities / Edit
Logging Tool Detail / Calibrations / Restore. Select the Model of tool you are running and serial number.
If you only want to restore the cal for the tool you are running and not all of the Model info make sure to
uncheck the boxes at the bottom of the window.

6.2 SCBL Air Zero Calibration

The following step is performed with the tool hanging in the air. Once you have performed this step your
Tank Cal Zero will be updated. On the Acquisition Window select Action/Calibrate/SCBL Wellsite Air
Zero Cal. The SCBL Air Zero Cal window will appear.

FIG: 26 Air Zero calibration

26
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 27 Air Zero calibration

Select “Sample”. The Sample & Average Sensor(s) box will appear. Select Begin.

FIG: 28 Air Zero - Begin

27
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 29 Accept Air Zero Values

All the values should be close to zero, and are used to establish the offset to be applied to the primary
gain and offset established in the Shop Calibration. Select Accept. Select Accept again in the SCBL Air
Zero Cal Window.

FIG: 30 Air Zero reading

28
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

6.3 SCBL Wellsite Internal Ref Cal

The following step should be performed down hole. The CAL pulse is recalibrated to compensate for line
resistance and temperature. The new values are used to normalize all waveform amplitude values back
to the shop calibration.

Move the gate in the WVFCAL Signal window to the flat part of the baseline in front of the first positive
arrival.

FIG: 31 Base Line Signal Calibration Reference

On the Acquisition Window select Action/Calibrate/Wellsite Internal Cal. The SCBL Internal Reference Cal
window will appear.

29
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 32 Wellsite Internal Calibration

Select<< Sample on the Reading of Ref Baseline. The Sample & Average Sensor(s) window will appear.
Select Begin the values should be very close to zero. Select Accept.

FIG: 33 Zero Reference

30
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 34 Internal Reference Calibration - Begin

FIG: 35 Internal Reference Calibration - Accept

Move the gate in the WVFCAL Signal window to gate the first positive arrival. Select<<Sample on the
Reading of Ref Maximum. The Sample & Average Sensor(s) window will appear.

31
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 36 Signal Reference Maximum value

Select<<Begin on the Sample & Average Sensor(s). Select Accept

FIG: 37 Reference Maximum value - Begin

32
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 38 Reference Maximum Values - Accept

A gain and offset value will be shown in the SCBL Internal Reference Cal window. The gain should be
very close to1.0 and the offset value will be very close to 0. If they are not, redo your calibrations to
ensure that the correct voltage is set for the WVFCAL and the gate was set in the proper position for each
reading. Select Accept in the SCBL internal Reference Cal window.

FIG: 39 Reference Maximum value

Once you have completed the Wellsite Internal Calibration you should be ready to log. The change that
takes place when you do this cal is only visible on the log on the 3’ Amplitude. The Calibration Plot will
only reflect to Shop Tank cal and the Wellsite Zero cal.

Go in the hole monitoring the various waveforms (as shown below in FIG: 40) as well as the Output
window. Ensure that the gates are over the first positive signal and that the relative positions of the gates
are correct. The gate for the 5ft receiver should be approximately 114 microseconds later in time than the
3ft. The sector gates, for 1.5’ spaced sectors, should be approximately 85.5 microseconds earlier in time
than the 3ft.

33
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 40 Signals

34
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

7.0 Shop/Tank Calibration:

Make up the tool with the centralizers and slide it into the tank. Insure that the tank is full of water and no
air has been trapped in the tank. The tool should show in all of the Waveform Window. Bring the
Waveform Window to the front. The Amplitude gates appear on the waveforms as a white line on the
section of the waveform where they are set. The gates can be changed on this window by clicking on the
waveform that needs to be adjusted (note the dark border around the selected waveform) and then using
the buttons in the top right corner of the Waveform Window. To move the gate right or left on the x-axis
use the buttons labeled << or >>. The width of the gate can be increased by selecting the < or > button
and decreased by using the > or < button.

Note: It is recommended that you keep all of your gate widths the same. Approximately 30 microsecond
works well with most tool types.

Also, specific waveforms can be viewed by selecting button on the wave form window and
selecting the waveforms that you want displayed. Reducing the number of waveforms gives you a screen
that is easier to work with. Remember to click on the waveform before adjusting the gates. Before gating
on the first arrival use the Panel Control ‘Sonic Gain’ Slider Bar to increase/decrease the signal. Make
sure that none of the signals are saturated (larger than 2.5 Volts). (If you are going to be running logs in
casing that is smaller than your calibration tank, be aware that the signals will be larger in smaller casings
and decrease your signal to accommodate this.)

Titan / TekCo recommend a 2 volt high signal for optimal response with a minimum of a 1 volt signal in
free pipe for the 3’ and sectors. With a signal amplitude of 1 volt for the 3’ signal the 5’ signal amplitude
should be slightly higher.

Note: In casing larger than 7” or smaller than 4.5” the Bond or RIB tool may need to be adjusted internally
by a technician depending on the size tool being run.

On the Waveform Window select (Travel Time Gate) and use the arrows at the top of the wave
form window to adjust the Travel Time gates. Move the red threshold line to a suitable position that
crosses the first arrival. Make sure it is far enough away from the baseline to avoid baseline noise.
The width of the Travel Time gate is dependent on a number of variables. The first being where E1
arrives in time in free pipe, the second, will any fast formation be encountered, and third, the width of your
Travel Time scale.

The beginning of the gate need to be early enough in time to allow for any Fast Formation that may cause
E1 to occur earlier in time that the PPT (predicted pipe time), 50 µSec before PPT should be sufficient.
The end of the gate should be set approximately 100 µSec wider than you log presentation is. Example, if
the log presentation is 320 µSec to 220 µSec the beginning gate should be set to 50 µSec before PPT
and the end of the gate to 420 µSec.

The Travel Time gates for the 5’ and sectors are not normally utilized but can be set up in the same
fashion as the 3’ Travel Time gate.

35
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

AT THIS POINT YOU SHOULD HAVE YOUR GATE (WHITE LINE) ON ALL THE FIRST POSITIVE
ARRIVALS OF ALL THE SIGNALS BEING DISPLAYED. (The CAL pulse first arrivals should be
positive. If the first arrival is not positive, the polarity can be changed through Warrior/Utilities/Edit
Logging Tool Details/invert equals yes.)

FIG: 41 Pipe Signals

After all of the gates are set (Amplitude and Travel Time) select - Save As. Give this setup a
name, such as “TekCo 2 ¾” RIB Amplitude Cal”. If there is a problem later the setting can be restored by

selecting – Load and selecting that set up name.

Note: The same can be done for setting the PMON Window.

36
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

7.1 Pipe Zero Calibration

Once you have saved your gate settings you are now ready to perform the Pipe Zero Calibrations.

FIG: 42 Zero Cal Signals

Make sure the gates for all signals are on the flat part of baseline before the first arrival. These values will
be updated when doing the well site air zero cal. Go to Action / Calibrate / SCBL Pipe Zero. Click on the
<<sample button. The Sample & Average Sensor(s) box will appear. Click on the begin button. When the
sample is complete, monitor the values they should be very close to zero. If they are click the Accept
button. If the values are not close to zero click the Reject button and correct the problem.

After all of the Amplitude gates are set select - Save As. Give this setup a name, such as
“TekCo 2 ¾” RIB Amplitude Zero”. If there is a problem later the setting can be restored by selecting

– Load and selecting that set up name.

37
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 43 Calibrate

FIG: 44 Zero Baseline Calibration - Sample

38
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 45 Sensors signals - Begin

FIG: 46 Sensors Value signals - Accept

39
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

The SCBL Zero Baseline Calibration box will appear check that the values are all close to zero and click
Accept.

FIG: 47 Zero Baseline

7.2 Free Pipe Signal Calibration

On the Acquisition Window select Action–Calibrate–Shop/Free Pipe Reference. The SCBL E1 Amplitude
Calibration window will appear to sample the first arrival pipe amplitude. The Free Pipe Millvolt of the
casing you are sampling is in the cells at the top of the window. The Sector E1 amplitude is normally set
to 100 or made to match the 3f tE1 amplitude.

Note: If the value is not there or not correct check to see if the Casing OD and Maximum Amplitude were
input in the Variables Window.

40
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

FIG: 48 Pipe signal Calibration

FIG: 49 Amplitude Calibrations - Sample

41
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Click on the <<sample button. The Sample & Average Sensor(s) box will appear.

FIG: 50 Pipe Signal - Begin

FIG: 51 Sample Signals – Accept

42
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

After the sampling has finished select Accept. The calibration gains and offsets for each waveform are
displayed. The offsets on all waveforms should be near zero. The gains should range from 20 to150.
Select OK.

FIG: 52 Amplitude Calibration Results

The SCBL E1 Amplitude Calibration window will appear with the raw voltage readings displayed. Select
Accept.

FIG: 53 E1 Amplitude Calibrations

43
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Note: If you need to make more than one calibration for each tool you must enter a different Serial
Number.

Do not do a downhole cal with the same Serial Number because if you accept the cal
and it is no good you will have over written the good shop cal, which can be utilized, if
there is no Free Pipe found in the well.

Note: To save a cal go to the “Warrior” window, select Utilities–Edit Logging Tool details then click Edit
Tool. A list will come up, select SCBL and enter the “alias” Serial Number which you will use to do other
cals on the same tool without overwriting the original. Then Click Create–Tool, Enter a new serial number.

Once the two calibration procedures above have been completed your tool is ready to log. It should be
noted the tool output may vary slightly from the calibrated values when exposed to max temperature and
pressure.

44
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

8.0 Log Examples:

A series of log examples to aid the field engineer in interpreting and identifying log
problems is presented
esented here:

Free Pipe

Example 1 Primary Sector Bond Log Presentation in Free Pipe

In the free pipe the sectors amplitudes decreases at the collars (except in Extreme-Line
Extreme or
Flush-Joint
Joint Casings). Free pipe is the best place to calibrate a CBL or an SCBL
S tool; the
Minimum, Maximum and Average Amplitude should be within 15 mV of each other.
Here in 5.5” x 17# casing, the 3’ was calibrated to 72 mV and the sectors to 100 mV in
free pipe.

45
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Bonded Pipe

Example 2 Primary Sector Bond Log Presentation wi

with Bonded Pipe

This log shows an example of bonded pipe. In bonded pipe the 3’ amplitude will decrease
and the travel time will increase in elapse time; except in fast formation. The 5’ VDL will
appear wavy unlike its straight appearance in free pipe and the map should show
primarily black.

46
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Fast Formation

Example 3 This log shows a case of Fast Formation effect.

The 3’ travel time is reading almost the same as the casing travel time and the 3-foot
3
amplitude reads higher than expected. The Mapping shows a more pessimistic view of
bonding and the formation arrival is arriving in time where the casing arrival is predicted
to come in.

Note: The 3’ pseudo curve is not as severely affected by the faster formations.

47
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Bad Calibration

Example 4 A miss calibrated sectsectors

ors is easily identified by a white “strip” in the map
during most of the log. Here Sector # 2 has a calibration value that is too high. A sector
can also have a calibration value that is too low, causing a black strip down the map. If a
situation like this
is is encountered the tool must be recalibrated.

48
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Micro Annulus

Example 5 This example will be compared with example 6. The first log was run with no
pressure at the well head and indicates poor at several intervals. Example 7 shows a
second log run under pressure and produces features of interest.

49
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Micro Annulus

Example 6 This is the same Section presented in Example 6, but logged under 2000 psi.
Notice that the 3-foot Amplitude reads lower than the previous log. The Sectors values
have decreased from 40 and 50 mV to 5 to 15 MV in Amplitude. At 12305’-12445 the
Sectors read a higher average Amplitude and the 3-foot Travel Time indicates Fast
Formation. This should be interpreted as Micro Annulus with good bonded sections and
with some Fast Formation effect confirmed by the VDL.

50
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Channel
Micro Annulus

Example 7 The lighter strip in the Cement Map, along with the separation in the Min and Max
amplitude readings indicates a channel. The fact that the lighter colored strip in the Cement Map
is skewed and not straight indicates a channel. There is also Fast Formation present from 12520
to 12662.

51
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

8.1 Shade Levels on the Sector Bond Mapping

There are primarily two different methods of calibrating sector tools. Both methods
calibrate the sectors to 0 or 1millivolt for the 100% bonded end, but the 100% free end can vary
from 100 mV maximum for any size casing, to the specific Millvolt reading in free pipe for the
casing being logged. The reason for the two different cacalibration
libration routines is that if the pseudo 3’
curve is going to be used the sectors must be calibrated to the same 100% free Millvolt reading
as the measured 3’ curve. Below are two of the many different combinations possible for the
color legend for the cement
ent map.

In 5.5” x 17 Lbs/Ft casing using a shade level scale setting of Black = 10 and
White = 60 would result in mV to shade levels of:

Shade MV % Bond

Black 0-10 100 to 46 %

Dark Gray 10 – 27 46 to 23 %
Medium Gray 27 – 44 23 to 12 %
Light Gray 44 – 60 12 to 04 %
White 60 -72 04 to 0%

52
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

In 5.5” x 17 Lbs/Ft casing using a shade level scale setting of Black = 10 and
White = 60 would result in mV to shade levels of:

Shade MV % Bond

Black 0-10 100 to 50 %

Dark Gray 10 – 27 50 to 28 %
Medium Gray 27 – 44 28 to 18 %
Light Gray 44 – 60 18 to 11 %
White 60 and UP 11 to 0%

53
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

Appendix A
These values are provided as a guide line to help find first arrivals and determine bonding levels.
They are calculated using the travel time for fresh water in the well bore and must be changed for oil or
drilling mud. And again the Sync gain adjustment changes the arrival times and any air or gas in the well
bore fluid will drastically change your arrival times.

54
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

1-11/16" OD Tools
CASING DATA TRANSIT TIME IN µSEC CLASS A 3000 PSI Cement POZ MIX 1500 PSI Cement
WALL FREE PIPE 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off
SIZE WEIGHT I.D. THICKNESS Radials 3' 5' CEMENT ATTENUATION CEMENT ATTENUATION
E2 E1 E1 (MV) (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB

55
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

2 1/4" OD Tools
CASING DATA TRANSIT TIME IN µSEC CLASS A 3000 PSI Cement POZ MIX 1500 PSI Cement
WALL FREE PIPE 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off
SIZE WEIGHT I.D. THICKNESS Radials 3' 5' CEMENT ATTENUATION CEMENT ATTENUATION
E2 E1 E1 (MV) (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB

56
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

2 3/4" OD Tools
CASING DATA TRANSIT TIME IN µSEC CLASS A 3000 PSI Cement POZ MIX 1500 PSI Cement
WALL FREE PIPE 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off
SIZE WEIGHT I.D. THICKNESS Radials 3' 5' CEMENT ATTENUATION CEMENT ATTENUATION
E2 E1 E1 (MV) (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB

57
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

3 1/4" OD Tools
CASING DATA TRANSIT TIME IN µSEC CLASS A 3000 PSI Cement POZ MIX 1500 PSI Cement
WALL FREE PIPE 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off 100% 100% 60% Bond Cut Off
SIZE WEIGHT I.D. THICKNESS Radials 3' 5' CEMENT ATTENUATION CEMENT ATTENUATION
E2 E1 E1 (MV) (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB (MV) (DB/FT) MV DB

58
Titan Specialties Ltd. www.titanspecialties.com Tekco Instrument Division

59