Scribd
Upload
86 views12 pages

Tutorial - Fundamental Laws - Non Reactive Systems

This document discusses fundamental laws of dynamic mathematical models, including the total continuity equation (TCE) and component continuity equation (CCE). It provides three examples of applying these equations: 1) Developing TCE and CCE for a well-stirred tank mixing two streams with different component concentrations. 2) Developing TCE and CCE for a well-stirred tank mixing water and methanol streams. 3) Developing TCE for each of three tanks in series and CCE for the first, second, and third tanks, expressing the component concentrations in terms of initial values.

Uploaded by

siti azila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
86 views12 pages

Tutorial - Fundamental Laws - Non Reactive Systems

This document discusses fundamental laws of dynamic mathematical models, including the total continuity equation (TCE) and component continuity equation (CCE). It provides three examples of applying these equations: 1) Developing TCE and CCE for a well-stirred tank mixing two streams with different component concentrations. 2) Developing TCE and CCE for a well-stirred tank mixing water and methanol streams. 3) Developing TCE for each of three tanks in series and CCE for the first, second, and third tanks, expressing the component concentrations in terms of initial values.

Uploaded by

siti azila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

TUTORIAL _Fundamental Laws

 2.0 Fundamental Laws of Dynamic Mathematical Models (CO1,PO2)


• Recall the difference between Total Continuity Equation (TCE) and Component
Continuity Equation (CCE) (CO1, PO2)
• TCE & CCE on mass balance of simple chemical process (CO2, PO2)
• ApplyTCE & CCE on mass balance for constant and variable holdups.(CO2,PO2)
• Apply product rules to simplify developed equations (CO2, PO2)
EXAMPLE 1
Stream 1 and 2 are being mixed in a well stirred tank (Figure 1), producing a mixture of
the component at stream 3. Each of the feed streams is composed of two components, A
and B with different molar concentrations (mol/m3 ) of CA1 , CB1 , and CA2 . CB2 respectively.
F1 and F2 ate the volumetric rates of the two streams (m3 / min) while T1 and T2 are their
corresponding temperatures. The C A3 , CB3 , F3 are the concentrations, flow rate and
temperature for the stream 3. In order to reach a desired temperature, T3 , a heating coil is
immersed in the liquid tank.
SOLUTION:
(a) Develop a mathematical model that describes the total mass balance.
Assume that density is constant,perfectly mixing:
SOLUTION:
 (b) Develop a component continuity equation of component A, (dCA/dt)
in the tank for:
(i) constant hold up (V constant):
SOLUTION:
(ii)Variable hold up :
SOLUTION (CONT.):
For variable hold up (V is not constant) – change in time :
Let the volume of the tank,V = 30m2 at t = 0.Find the volume of the tank at t = t.
EXAMPLE 2
Stream 1 and 2 consist of Mw (kg/hr) of water and Mm (kg/hr) of methanol are mixed in a well –
stirred tank to produce solution at the outlet of the tank, M (kg/hr). Because of effective stirring,
the concentration of the outlet solution is the same as that within the tank.

(a) Develop a total continuity equation for the well stirred tank.
(b) Develop a component continuity equation for methanol.

Mw Mm

(kg/hr) (kg/hr)

M (kg/hr)
SOLUTION:

kg/hr kg/hr

kg/hr
EXAMPLE 3
A study on mixing using three tanks in series,as shown in Figure 3 has been performed.
The mixture in each of the tanks is perfectly mixed and the concentrations (mol/m3 ) at
C A0 = 2 C A1 , Cax = 0.1 C A1 , C A4 = 3C A2 and C A7 = 0.5 C A3 . Develop total continuity
equations for each tank, and develop dynamic models which describe the concentrations of
A in tank 1,2,and 3 where the concentrations are expressed in terms of C A1 ,C A2 and C A3
.
SOLUTION:
For tank 1:
SOLUTION:
TRY IT YOURSELF FOR TANK 2 & 3
 The solutions for tank 2 and 3 are similar to tank 1.
 Make sure your final answers are in term of C A1 ,C A2 and C A3 .

You might also like