A PPG Sensor For Continuous Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring With Self-Adaptive Signal Processing
A PPG Sensor For Continuous Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring With Self-Adaptive Signal Processing
A PPG Sensor for Continuous Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring with Self-Adaptive
Signal Processing
Yung-Hua Kao1, a, Paul C.-P. Chao2, b and Chin-Long Wey3, c
1,2,3
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
a
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
27 Healthy Subjects
Light-emitting
Photo-detector
diode
(PD)
(LED)
PPG signal
Light adjusting
(AFE circuit)
Gain adjusting
Micro controller
unit
(MCU)
Auto-gain control
LED driver SPI bus
(AGC)
B. Data collection
The 27 healthy participants, 26 males and 1 females, the GUI display Calibration
(SBP, DBP, HR) algorithm
ages are approximately between 23 and 30 years, without the
cardiovascular diseases. All subjects are agreed sign the
consent form for participants. The experimental design was
Fig. 2. Block diagram of self-adaptive system with BP
approved by a committee of National Chiao Tung University.
measurement.
The experiment is conducted in an air-conditioned
laboratory, which the temperature as 26 °C. The experimental
setting requires a laptop to record the data, age, gender, height 3) Capture of signals in a complete cardiovascular cycle:
and weight; a commercial BP monitor (OMRON HEM-FM31 when the signal is no saturation and no outliers, the PPG
to provide the data calibration for correlating analysis; and a signal is collected in a complete cardiovascular cycle.
proposed PPG-BP device to capture the PPG signal. 4) Filtering and spectrum analysis: aiming for tuning the
base line (DC drift), removing the noises, and capturing
C. Signal Processing the fundamental tone.
Calculating BP herein is based on some features of the
measured PPG signals. These features are extracted by a 5) Peak detection: capturing the timings of PPG peaks:
self-adaptive algorithm and has to be of satisfactory quality for main peak, valleys and secondary peak.
accurate BP computation. Six criteria/acts given below are 6) Calculating pulse percussion duration (PPD) [8] : the
satisfied or executed to realize the self-adaptive signal time span between the percussion wave and dicrotic
processing for affirming quality PPG signals. wave.
1) Signal saturation: when the PPG signal exceeds the Fig. 3 shows the percussion wave (main peak) and dicrotic
operating range of voltage by the CMOS readout chip, wave (Secondary peak) peaks correspond to those resulted
causing the signal to be cut off, which should be avoided from the percussion (forward) wave from heart to the fingertip.
by gain adjusting by the adopted auto-gain control and The entire PPG waveform is well within non-saturated digital
light adjusting by the LED driver. dynamic range, while with a good SNR due to the designed
2) Signal outliers: Irregular pulse noise should be removed self-adaptive signal processing following the above 1-6.
the one cycle of PPG, then continue to capture the next
cycle. D. Data analysis
Conclusion
The PPG-BP device of self-adaptive system has developed
by this study. As above results, the signal processing can be
removed the noisy PPG signal, which the signal quality was
indicated to the more high SN ratio. It was able to help easy
capturing the PPG feature for BP measurement. According to
Bramwell-Hill and Moens-Korteweg equation to derivation the
SBP and DBP with HEM-FM31 calibration. This research
develops an accurate estimates on BPs by the continuous
PPG-BP device on self-adaptive system.
Fig. 5. Increasing the percentage of the SNR.
Acknowledgement
References