Simulation Lab Manual

948 EPS & EPE M.
TECH
SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
SUBJECT NAME : POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB
YEAR/SEM : I – II
BRANCH : M.TECH (EPE & EPS)
FACULTY NAME : G.VENKATA SURESH BABU
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948 EPS & EPE M.TECH
POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB

I M.Tech (EPE & EPS) II Semester
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1) Determination of stability of a dynamic system.

2) Y-Bus formation using matlab.
3) Load flow analysis by Newton raphson and gauss seidal method using matlab.
4) Load flow analysis by fast decoupled method using matlab.
(5) Transformation of a given dynamic system from input or output model to state space.
(6) Step response of two area system with integral control and estimation of tie line power
deviation using simulink.
(7) Step response of two area system with integral control and estimation of tie line and
frequency deviation using simulink.
(8) Transient stability analysis using matlab.
(9) Short circuit analysis using matlab.
(10) Steady state transient simulation of a linear circuit.
(11) Simulation of double area criteria.
(12) Simulation of single area criteria.
(13) Simulation of automatic voltage regulator.
(14) Armature and field control of DC motor.
(15) Simulation of swing equation.
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(1) DETERMINATION OF STABILITY OF A DYNAMIC SYSTEM
AIM: To determine the stability of dynamic system using

(a) Root locus
(b) Bode plot
(c) Nyquist plot
APPARATUS: Personal computer

MATLAB
PROCEDURE:
1. Click on matlab icon, then the matlab window will open.
2. In the tool bar from file choose a blank M-File then the file will open.
3. Enter the program and click on the run option.
4. The output (or) result will be display in main matlab window.
PROGRAM:
(A) ROOT LOCUS:
num=[1];
den=[1 5 6 0];
s=tf(num,den)
rlocus(s)
(B) BODE PLOT:
num=[10];
den=[0.02 1.02 1 0];
s=tf(num,den)
bode(s)
(C) NYQUIST PLOT:

num=[1];
den=[2 3 1 0];
s=tf(num,den)
nyquist(s)
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THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:
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RESULT: Thus the stability of a system using root locus, bode plot and nyquist plot with
transfer function were determined.
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(2) Y-BUS FORMATION USING MATLAB
AIM: To determine the Y-Bus formation using matlab.
APPARATUS: personal computer

MATLAB
Power system tool box
PROCEDURE:
PROGRAM:
zdata=[1 2 0.05 0.15
1 3 0.1 0.3
2 3 0.15 0.45
2 4 0.1 0.3
3 4 0.05 0.15];
Y= ybus(zdata)
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RESULT: Thus the YBUS determined for the given Power System network and verified with
the MATLAB results.
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3) LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS BY NEWTON RAPHSON AND GAUSS SEIDAL
METHOD USING MATLAB
AIM: To obtain load flow analysis by gauss seidal and Newton raphson method using
matlab.

MATLAB
PROCEDURE:
PROGRAM:
(a) Gauss-seidel Method:
basemva=100;
accuracy=0.0001;
maxiter=30;
acceleration=1.6;
busdata=[1 1 1.04 0 0 0 00000
2 0 1.0 0 50 -20 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 1.0 0 -100 50 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 1.0 0 30 -10 0 0 0 0 0];
linedata=[1 2 0.05 0.15 0 1
1 3 0.10 0.30 0 1
2 3 0.15 0.45 0 1
2 4 0.10 0.30 0 1
3 4 0.05 0.15 0 1];
lfybus
lfgauss
busout
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lineflow
(b) Newton – Raphson Method:

basemva=100;
accuracy=0.0001;
maxiter=30;
acceleration=1.6
busdata=[1 1 1.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 1.0 0 50 -20 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 1.0 0 -100 50 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 1.0 0 30 -10 0 0 0 0 0];
linedata=[1 2 0.05 0.15 0 1
1 3 0.10 0.30 0 1
2 3 0.15 0.45 0 1
2 4 0.10 0.30 0 1
3 4 0.05 0.15 0 1];
lfybus
lfnewton
busout
lineflow
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RESULT: Thus, the Load Flow Analysis of a given power system network is obtained by
Gauss-Seidel and Newton- Raphson method using MATLAB.
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4) LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS BY FAST DECOUPLED METHOD USING MATLAB
AIM: To obtain load flow analysis by fast decoupled method using matlab.
APPARATUS: personal computer

MATLAB
PROCEDURE:
PROGRAM:
basemva=100;
accuracy=0.0001;
maxiter=30;
acceleration=1.6;
busdata=[1 1 1.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 1.0 0 50 -20 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 1.0 0 -100 50 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 1.0 0 30 -10 0 0 0 0 0];
linedata=[1 2 0.05 0.15 0 1
1 3 0.10 0.30 0 1
2 3 0.15 0.45 0 1
2 4 0.10 0.30 0 1
3 4 0.05 0.15 0 1];
lfybus
decouple
busout
lineflow
RESULT: Thus, the Load Flow Analysis of a given power system network is obtained by
fast decoupled method using MATLAB.
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(5) TRANSFORMATION OF A GIVEN DYNAMIC SYSTEM FROM INPUT OR
OUTPUT MODEL TO STATE SPACE
AIM: To obtain the state space model for the given transfer function of a system and transfer
function model for the given state space mode of a system using MATLAB.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
PROGRAM:
(1a) TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL TO STATE SPACE MODEL:
num=[3 3]
den=[1 9 24 20]
s=tf(num,den)
[a b c d]=tf2ss(num,den)
(1b) TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL TO STATE SPACE MODEL:

num=[8]
den=[1 6 11 10]
s=tf(num,den)
[a b c d]=tf2ss(num,den)
(2a) STATE SPACE MODEL TO TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL:
a=[-5 -1
3 -1]
b=[2
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5]
c=[1 2]
d=[0]
[num,den]=ss2tf(a,b,c,d)
(2b) STATE SPACE MODEL TO TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL:
a=[0 1 0
001
-6 -11 -6]
b=[0
0
1]
c=[1 0 0]
d=[0]
[num,den]=ss2tf(a,b,c,d)
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RESULT: Thus the transfer function for the given state model and state model for the given
transfer function are obtained by using MATLAB.
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(6) STEP RESPONSE OF TWO AREA SYSTEM WITH INTEGRAL CONTROL
AND ESTIMATION OF TIE LINE POWER DEVIATION USING SIMULINK
AIM: To obtain the step response of two area system with integral control and estimation of
tie line power deviation using simulink.

MATLAB Software
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
2. In the tool bar from file choose a model then the window will open.
3. Click on the library browser on the tool bar then drag the required components.
4. Connect the blocks and click on the run option.
5. Click on scope the result will be displayed.
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RESULT: Therefore, the step response of two area systems with integral control and
estimation of tie-line power deviation using simulink were obtained.
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(7) STEP RESPONSE OF TWO AREA SYSTEM WITH INTEGRAL CONTROL
AND ESTIMATION OF TIE LINE AND FREQUENCY DEVIATION USING
SIMULINK
AIM: To obtain the step response of two area system with integral control and estimation of
tie line frequency deviation using simulink.

MATLAB Software
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
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RESULT: Therefore, the step response of two area systems with integral control and
estimation of tie-line frequency deviation using simulink were obtained.
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(8) TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS USING MATLAB
AIM: To determine the transient stability analysis of single machine system by equal area
criterian.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
PROGRAM:
CASE 1: SUDDEN INCREASE IN MECHANICAL INPUT:
A) With zero initial mechanical power:
% Initial mechanical power in p.u. p0=0.0

% Generator e.m.f. in p.u. e= 1.35
% Infinite bus-bar voltage in p.u. v=1
% Reactance between internal emf and infinite bus in p.u. x= 0.65
P=0.0;e=1.35;v=1.0;x=0.65;
eacpower(p,e,v,x)
(B) With non zero initial mechanical power:

P=0.6;e=1.35;v=1.0;x=0.65;
eacpower(p,e,v,x)
CASE 2: FAULT ON A SYSTEM HAVING TWO PARALLEL LINES:

(A) Fault at sending end:
p=1.0;e=1.2;v=1.0;x1=0.522;x2=inf;x3=0.8;
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eacfault(p,e,v,x1,x2,x3)
(B) Fault at middle of any one of the two lines:

p=1.0;e=1.2;v=1.0;x1=0.71;x2=2.424;x3=1.0;
(c) Fault cleared by the isolation of the fault line:

p=0.8;e=1.17;v=1.0;x1=0.65;x2=inf;x3=0.65;
CASE 3: SUSTAINED FAULTS ON MULTI-MACHINE SYSTEM (tc=0.2, 0.41, 0.61):

p=0.8;e=1.17;v=1.0;x1=0.65;x2=1.8;x3=0.8;
h=5;f=60;tc=0.2;tf=1;dt=0.01;
swingmeu(p,e,v,x1,x2,x3,h,f,tc,tf,dt)
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RESULT: Thus Transient stability analysis of a single machine system connected to

infinite bus is determined using Equal Area Criteria using MATLAB.
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(9) SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS USING MATLAB
AIM: To Conduct short circuit analysis for given power system using MATLAB for LG,
LL, LLG and 3Φ faults.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
5. Enter the fault bus number and Zf=j*0.1 and continue for the remaining buses and faults.
PROGRAM:
zdata0=[0 1 0 0.40
0 2 0 0.10
1 2 0 0.30
1 3 0 0.35
2 3 0 0.7125];
zdata1=[0 1 0 0.25
0 2 0 0.25
1 2 0 0.125
1 3 0 0.15
2 3 0 0.25];
zdata2 = zdata1;
zbus1= zbuild(zdata1)
zbus2 = zbus1
zbus0=zbuild(zdata0)
symfault(zdata1,zbus1)
lgfault(zdata0,zbus0,zdata1,zbus1,zdata2,zbus2)
llfault(zdata1,zbus1,zdata2,zbus2)
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dlgfault(zdata0,zbus0,zdata1,zbus1,zdata2,zbus2)
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RESULT: Thus the Fault Current and other parameters were determined for the given
power system network for different types of faults and results were compared with the
MATLAB results.
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(10) STEADY STATE TRANSIENT SIMULATION OF A LINEAR CIRCUIT
AIM: To obtain the steady state and transient simulation of voltage and currents of given
line (or) circuit simulation power tool box.

MATLAB Software
Power system toolbox
PROCEDURE:
5. Click on scope the result will be displayed and check the values in powergui as a steady
state voltages and currents.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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Vs=187.29kv, Rs=2.654 ohms, Ls=0.08419 H,
Rt=5.25 ohms, Lt=0.138 H, C=0.967*10-6 F,
RL=235.11 ohms, LL=881.66H, Rb=0.01 ohms
RESULT: The steady state and transient simulation of voltage and currents of given line (or)
circuit simulation power tool box is obtained.
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(11) SIMULATION OF DOUBLE AREA CRITERIA
AIM: To simulate the double area criteria using matlab.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:-
RESULT: Thus simulated the double area criteria using matlab software.
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(12) SIMULATION OF SINGLE AREA CRITERIA
AIM: To simulate the single area criteria using matlab.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
SINGLE AREA WITH PI CONTROLLER:
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
SINGLE AREA WITH OUT PI CONTROLLER:
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
RESULT: Thus simulated the single area criteria with and without PI controller using
matlab.
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(13) SIMULATION OF AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR
AIM: To simulate the automatic voltage regulator using matlab

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
RESULT: Thus simulated the automatic voltage regulation using matlab.
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(14) ARMATURE AND FIELD CONTROL OF DC MOTOR
AIM: To simulate the armature and field control of dc motor using matlab.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
(A) ARMATURE CONTROL OF DC MOTOR:
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
(B)FIELD CONTROL OF DC MOTOR:
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
RESULT: Thus simulated the armature and field control of dc motor using matlab.
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(15) SIMULATION OF SWING EQUATION
AIM: To simulate the swing equation using matlab.

MATLAB Software
PROCEDURE:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Gain= pi*60/5, Gain1= 180/pi, Gain2= 1.4625*sin(210), Gain3= 0.65*sin(210)
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EXPECTED WAVEFORM:
RESULT: Thus simulated the swing equation using matlab.
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948 EPS & EPE M.

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

SUBJECT NAME : POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB

BRANCH : M.TECH (EPE & EPS)

FACULTY NAME : G.VENKATA SURESH BABU

POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB

1) Determination of stability of a dynamic system.

AIM: To determine the stability of dynamic system using

APPARATUS: Personal computer

(C) NYQUIST PLOT:

AIM: To determine the Y-Bus formation using matlab.

APPARATUS: personal computer

APPARATUS: Personal computer

(b) Newton – Raphson Method:

APPARATUS: personal computer

APPARATUS: Personal computer

(1b) TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL TO STATE SPACE MODEL:

(2a) STATE SPACE MODEL TO TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL:

(2b) STATE SPACE MODEL TO TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL:

APPARATUS: Personal computer

APPARATUS: Personal computer

APPARATUS: Personal computer

% Initial mechanical power in p.u. p0=0.0

(B) With non zero initial mechanical power:

CASE 2: FAULT ON A SYSTEM HAVING TWO PARALLEL LINES:

(B) Fault at middle of any one of the two lines:

(c) Fault cleared by the isolation of the fault line:

CASE 3: SUSTAINED FAULTS ON MULTI-MACHINE SYSTEM (tc=0.2, 0.41, 0.61):

RESULT: Thus Transient stability analysis of a single machine system connected to

APPARATUS: Personal computer

APPARATUS: Personal computer

AIM: To simulate the double area criteria using matlab.

APPARATUS: Personal computer

AIM: To simulate the single area criteria using matlab.

APPARATUS: Personal computer

SINGLE AREA WITH OUT PI CONTROLLER:

AIM: To simulate the automatic voltage regulator using matlab

APPARATUS: Personal computer

RESULT: Thus simulated the automatic voltage regulation using matlab.

APPARATUS: Personal computer

(B)FIELD CONTROL OF DC MOTOR:

AIM: To simulate the swing equation using matlab.

APPARATUS: Personal computer

Gain= pi*60/5, Gain1= 180/pi, Gain2= 1.4625*sin(210), Gain3= 0.65*sin(210)

RESULT: Thus simulated the swing equation using matlab.

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Gain= pi60/5, Gain1= 180/pi, Gain2= 1.4625sin(210), Gain3= 0.65*sin(210)