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Chapter Notes - Foundational Terms and Concepts - PMP

This document provides definitions and explanations of foundational terms and concepts related to project management. It defines key terms like process, phase, project, program, progressive elaboration, historical information, baseline, lesson learned, regulations, standards, project manager, project coordinator, project expediter, stakeholder, program manager, project context, types of organizations, project manager management skills, project life cycle, triple constraint, work authorization system, project management plan, organizational process assets, enterprise environmental factors, project charter, and project management information system. It also briefly describes waterfall methodologies.

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36 views3 pages

Chapter Notes - Foundational Terms and Concepts - PMP

This document provides definitions and explanations of foundational terms and concepts related to project management. It defines key terms like process, phase, project, program, progressive elaboration, historical information, baseline, lesson learned, regulations, standards, project manager, project coordinator, project expediter, stakeholder, program manager, project context, types of organizations, project manager management skills, project life cycle, triple constraint, work authorization system, project management plan, organizational process assets, enterprise environmental factors, project charter, and project management information system. It also briefly describes waterfall methodologies.

Uploaded by

Brittany Hazraty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 2: Foundational Terms and Concepts

Process:
- Something that does or creates something necessary and valuable for the project
- There are 49 total processes
- Consist of three things: Inputs, Tools and Outputs
- May be performed more than one time in a single project

Phase:
- Larger projects are broken down into smaller units
- Each phase should produce one or more deliverables; each deliverable is then evaluated to determine if the
next phase may begin
- Decision is known as an “exit gate”
- Kill points are used at the same point as exit gates, but will determine if the project will be terminated

Project:
- A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service or result
- For something to be a project, it must be time-limited and unique

Program:
- Group of related projects that are coordinated together
- Not every project will belong to a program, but all programs are made up of project

Progressive Elaboration:
- Not all characteristics of a project are known at the beginning
- Characteristics may be revisited and refined often

Historical Information:
- Also known as “Organizational Process Assets
- Found within your organization
- Used to help predict trends and avoid mistakes
- Used heavily during planning activities

Baseline:
- Version of the plan that exists once the plan is stabilized
- The original plan plus all approved changes
- If charges are approved, the new plan becomes the baseline

Lesson Learned:
- Focused on variances between the plan and the results

Regulations:
- Compliance is mandatory
- Issued by government or other official organizations

Standards:
- Compliance is not mandatory, but may be helpful

Project Manager:
- Ultimately responsible for the outcome
- Empowered to use organizational resources
- Authorized to spend budget
- Authorized to make decisions
Project Coordinator:
- Significantly weaker than a Project Manager
- May bot be allowed to make budget or overall project decisions
- Authorized to reassign resources

Project Expeditor:
- Staff assistant who has little or no formal authority
- Responsible for ensuring things arrive on time and tasks are completed

Stakeholder:
- People whose interests may be positively or negatively affected as a result of execution/completion

Program Manager:
- A project manager manages all the details of a project and report status information to this person

Project Context:
- Organizational environment where the project is carried out

Types of Organizations:
- Organic Teams naturally form
- Functional Team members work for a department
- Matrix Members have a functional manager and a Project Manager
- Projectized Structured according to projects not functions
- Virtual Distributed team
- Composite Mix of functional and projectized structures

Project Manager Management Skills:


- Leading - Problem Solving
- Communicating - Influencing
- Negotiating - Project Governance
-

Project Life Cycle:


- Conceptual
- Planning
- Construction
- Testing
- Implementation
- Closure

Triple Constraint:
- Concept that scope, time and costs are closely related
- Once can not change without affecting at least one other factor

Work Authorization System (WAS):


- Ensure work gets performed at the right time and in the right sequence

Project Management Plan:


- Single approved document that guides execution, monitoring and controlling and closure
- May be a summary or very detailed
Organizational Process Assets:
- Also known as Historical Information
- Typically divided into the categories:
o Processes
o Procedures
o Corporate Knowledge

Enterprise Environmental Factors:


- Consider things that impact the project that are not part of the project itself

Project Charter:
- Created during the Develop Project Charter process
- Created based on need
- Usually written by the sponsor or customer
- Signed by performing organizations sponsor
- Names the Project Manager and gives authority to spend money
- Documents risks
- High level project requirements
- High level milestones view of project
- Summary level preliminary project budget

Project Management Information System (PMIS):


- Automated system to support the Project Manager by optimizing the schedule and helping collect and
distribute information

Waterfall Methodologies:
- Rely on a heavy up-front analysis and documentation of the need and problems along with proposed
resolutions

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