UNIVERSTTY OF NAIROBI

SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS 2017/2018

SECOND YEAR EXAMINATIONS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE,
BACHELOR OFSCTENCE (STATISTICS AND BACHELOROFSCIENCE
MATHEMATICSS)
SMA 206: INTRODUCTIONT0 ANALYSIS
TIME: 2.00 P.M. - 4.00 P.M.
DATE: JULY 18, 2018

INSTRUCTIONS
Answer Question 1 and any other TWO questions.

Question 1/30 marks]

te:ms as used in analysis, citing an example in each case:

(a). Give a short definition of each of the following

(). countable set A.

a
1 mark)

(ii). interior point c

of a set AC R.
an
1 mark

ii). an open subset A of R. 1 mark

in R.
(iv). a Cauchy seçuence {Tn 1 mark

v). dense subset A of R.

a
1 mark
W is countable by constructing a bijection
of all whole numbers. Prove that W
x
(b). Let W denote the set

f: W x W N.
2 marks

Prove that there is no rational number whose square is 12.

c).(i). 4 marks

set of irrational numbers Q is not closed with respect to the

Give an example to show that the
(i).
1sual addition and usual multiplication.
2 marks]
X.
(d).(i). Define the notion of a metric Gset 4 marks

Show that p is also a metric on R.

(i). Let d be any metric on R and definep by p(z, y) d =

5 marks

R.
(e).(i). Let E C R. Give the formal definitiou of uniformly coutinuous function f: E
1 mark

Show that is uniformly continuous on R.

R R be the function defined by f(:) =
* f
(ii). Let f 2 marks|
 (",, 7,

r P)
ccavergent sequence of
real huinbers. Prove'that ( ) is-h Cauchy seauence,
(F). Let {t} be a 2 marks

Let A and B be sets. Prove

that int(A) Uint(B) C int(AU B).
(g). (i). ' 2 marks]
a
an example of two subsets A and' B of R such that ANB # AnB.
(ii).'Give 1 mark
: .
Quéstion 2[20 marks
that B -

A is uncountable.
countable and B is uncountable, prove
(a).(i). Let A and B be sets. If A is 4 marks
that
is countable and use the uncountability of R to show
(ii). Prove that the set Q of rational numbers
the set of irrational numbers Q is uncountable.
14 marks

if and unly if A = A.
Let A be set. Prove that A is closed
(b).(i). a
4 marks

closed? open? Give a reason for your answer.

(ii). Is the set Q of rational numbers 2 marks

(c)i). State the Density Theoren.

2.marks
Theorem to show that there is an irrational number
that.T E R and 7 < z. Use the Density
(ii). Suppose
between and r
, C ,j * 4 marks

Question 3(20 marks

i
(a). Let f: R R be the function defined by

3a, 0r<1
fr)8- 2, 121
(i). Sketch the graph of f.
2 marks
, ii, ú2 133
(i). Determine the nature of discontinuity off.
1 mark
(b).(i). State the Nested Interval Property(NIP).
4 marks

i). Use the Nested Interval Property to prove that the set R is uncountable.
6 marks
(c).(i). Let r and y be elements of a field F. Prove that if s #0 and y # 0 then r'y # 0.
3 marks
(ii). Prove that the set of all polynornials Pn with ra:" efficients is a countable set.
 4 marka

Question 4(20 marks

(a).(i). State the Intermedi ate Value Theorem (IVT).

2 marks
(ü). Use the Intermediate Value Theorem(TVT) to show that the equation r - 2r3 -2 = 0 has at least
one reai root between x = 0 and z = 2.

2 marks
(b).i). Let a, z e F, where F is a field. Prove (quoting all the axioms you use) that if * - 3a = a, then
T = 4a.

4 marks
(i). Let A be a set. Prove that A is open if and only if A = int(A).
4 marks
(c).(i). State the criterion of convergence of a sequence of real numbers (Tn
2 marks
and tn y . Prove
(i) Suppose that {zn} and {yn} are sequences ofreal numbers such that n
tha Tn +Yn T+y.
6 marks

Question 5[20 marks

(a).(1). What does it mean to say that a function f: {a,bj Ris Riemann integrable?
1 mark

(i). Let f: [0,1 R be defined by

2. if z is rationai
fE) =

\o. if is irrational
Show that f is not Riemann, integrable on [0, 1.
3 marks

Let A be closed and bounded subset of R. Prove that sup(A) and inf{A) belong A.
(ii). a
4 marks

(b).(i). State the Completeness Property of R.

3 marks
R. Find
(i). Let A {z e R: -4 < r g
=
4}u(6,7,9} c (R,d), where d
is the standard metric
int(A), A, inf(A), sup(A), maz(A). Is A closed in R? Give a reason for your answer
on

6 marks

(c). Let A and B be subsets of R. Prove that AUB =

3 marks