St Paul’s Lutheran Secondary School-Pausa

Po.Box 301, WABAG, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea

Department of Science
Grade 9 Lower Secondary Science
Name: Martias WAMBI Date: 06/05/22 Time: 40 Minutes School: St. Paul’s Lutheran Secondary
Grade: 9 Classes: 9A Subject: Science Unit: 9.6.Electricity Topic: 9.6.2. Circuits
LEARNING OUTCOMES: By the end of the lesson, students can be able to;
 Define the following basic terms,voltage,current,resistance,series and parallel circuits correctly
 Calculate the resistance, current and voltage using Ohm’s law formula [V=IR]

MATERIALS/RESOURCES: Grade 9 Science Text book. Lower secondary grade 9 science syllabus, Lesson handouts, Chat, marker, Circuit
symbols Data Sheet (CSDS), duster, A4 papers, ruler and whiteboard,
TIME CONTENT TEACHERS ACTIVITIES STUDENTS ACTIVITIES/LEARNING TEACHING
AIDS/RESOURCES
5 Minutes Introduction
1. Greetings 1. Greet the students in the class 1. In return students can greet their  Whiteboard
teacher  Marker
2. Recap the previous 2. Ask the recap question for the  Chat
lesson previous lesson before begin with 2. Answer questions and give feedback  Duster
the new topic.
3. Introduction to topic 3. Introduce the topic series and 3. Observe and listening while the teacher
on circuit parallel circuits introduce the new top
TIME CONTENT TEACHERS ACTIVITIES STUDENTS TEACHING
ACTIVITIES/LEARNING AIDS/RESOURCES
25 Minutes Body
1. Definitions; 1. Define the following basics terms; 1. Observing, listening carefully and  Circuit symbols
 Voltage voltage,current,resistance,parallel and take notes Data Sheet (CSD
 Current series circuits
 Lesson Handout
 Resistance 2. Copy notes on the board
 Parallel and 2. Calculate the voltage, current and  Text Book
 Series circuit resistance using ohm’s law formula 3. Differentiate the term parallel and  Ruler
2. Calculations V=IR series circuits by own
 Voltage understanding
 Current 3. Give tutorial activities based on series
 Resistance and parallel circuits and supervised
3. Activity while students busy doing activities
 Differentiate parallel
and series circuits
 Drawing
 Supervision
 Correction

5 Minutes Conclusion
1. Terms and Definition 1. Ask students to define the basics 1. Students can define those basic A4 papers
terms that already been covered terms; voltage, current and resistance Homework handouts
2. Calculation correctly
 Voltage 2. Ask students to calculate the voltage, 2. Students can calculate the voltage,
 Current current and resistance at the end of current and resistance by using the
 Resistance the lesson ohm’s law formula V=IR
Home Work 3. Copy homework and prepare for the
3. Homework and 3. Give homework and Introduce the next topic
Introduce the next next topic in advance for the students
topic to preparation
Unit 9.6: Electricity
Topic9.6.2: Circuits
Sub/Topic: Series & Parallel Circuits

LEARNING OUTCOMES: By the end of

the lesson, student can be able to:

 Define the following basic terms, Voltage,

A1 = A2 = A3
current, resistance, series and parallel
E.g.: 0.3A = 0.3A = 0.3A
circuits
2. Parallel Circuit That means the same amount of current flows
 Calculate the resistance, current and voltage
In electric circuit. A parallel circuit comprises although out the circuit.
using Ohm’s law formula [V=IR]
branches so that the current divides and only part of
it flows through any branch. The voltage, or 1B Voltage in Series Circuit
What is electric circuit? An Electric Circuit is
potential difference, across each branch of a parallel
the conductive path for flow of current or electricity
circuit is the same, but the currents may vary. Voltage applied to a series circuit is equal to the sum
is called electric circuit or electrical circuit. A
conductive wire is used to establish relation among of the individual voltage drops." This simply means
source of voltage and load. An ON / OFF switch and that the voltage drops have to add up to the voltage
a fuse is also used in between the source and load. coming from the battey or batteries. 4.5V + 4.5V = 9V.

There are two common types of electric

Circuits are:
1: Series Circuits
2: Parallel Circuits

1: Series Circuits
1A.Current, voltage and resistance in
A series circuit is a circuit where there is only
Series circuit
In a series circuit, the current is the same at each
one path from the source through all of the resistor. If the light bulbs are identical, then the
loads (light bulbs) and back to the source. This resistance is the same for each resistor. The voltage drop Total Voltage = V1 + V2 + V3
means that all of the current in the circuit must (I•R) will be the same for each resistor since the current When these three voltages added up together to
flow through all of the loads (Figure 1). at and the resistance of each resistor is the same. give the total voltage supplied by the battery.
1C Resistance in Series Circuit In Parallel circuit, the total current is equal to
The total resistance of a series circuit is equal to the the individual current as stated below.
sum of individual resistances. Voltage applied to a Total Current = A1 + A2 + A3
series circuit is equal to the sum of the individual
voltage drops. The voltage drop across a resistor in a 2B Voltage in parallel circuit
series circuit is directly proportional to the size of A Parallel circuit has certain characteristics and
the resistor. basic rules: A parallel circuit has two or more paths
for current to flow through. Voltage is the same
across each component of the parallel circuit. The
sum of the currents through each path is equal to the What is electric Current? Is a movement of
total current that flows from the source. positive or negative electric particles (Such as
electrons) accompanied by such observable effects
as the production of heat, of a magnetic field, or of
chemical transformations?

What is voltage? Is the potential difference

between two places can be expressed as a voltage.
Total Resistance = R1 + R2 + R3
Voltage is the pressure as it were, that makes
E.g.: 10+20+30 = 60 hom’s electricity flow. In physics, voltage can be
calculated using ohm’s law, which tells us that
2A Current in parallel circuit voltage equals resistance times current.
Current. In a parallel circuit, charge divides up into Eg. V1 = V2 = V3 = V4
separate branches such that there can be more Voltage is same every way What is resistance? Resistance is a measure of the
current in one branch than there is in another. opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit.
Nonetheless, when taken as a whole, the total 2C Resistance in parallel circuit Resistance is measured in ohm’s.
amount of current in all the branches when added You can find TOTAL RESISTANCE in a Parallel
together is the same as the amount of current for the circuit with the following formula: 1/Rt = 1/R1 + What is series circuit? A series circuit is a circuit
entire circuit. 1/R2 + 1/R3 + ... " Before we get into the where there is only one path from the source
calculations, remember what we said at the start of through all of the loads (light bulbs) and back to the
this section: "The total resistance of a parallel circuit source again
is NOT equal to the sum of the resistors (like in a
series circuit). What is parallel circuit? A parallel circuit is a
circuit in which there are at least two
independent paths in the circuit to get back to
the source.
 Examples calculations SUMMARY
 Circuit symbols are used in circuit diagrams
E.g. 1. Calculate the voltage across the parallel which show how a circuit is connected
together electrically.
circuit where the circuit delivered 20V through
 Any device that consumes the energy flowing
the conductor. through a circuit and converts that energy into
Solution: 20 V is same across in parallel circuit work is called a load.
 An electrical circuit is a closed loop formed
Eg.2. Calculate the current floors through in by a power source, wires, a fuse, a load, and a
series circuit where the total current is 10A switch.
Solution: 10A is same across in series circuit
 The voltages in parallel circuits are the same
across each branch as the supply voltage.
E.g. 3: If the source delivered 10V, 20V and
 The current in a parallel circuit is equal to
30V respectively in series circuit. What is the
the current in each branch added together.
total voltage? HOMEWORK QUESTIONS
Solution:  Parallel circuits are characterised by the fact
V= V1 + V2 + V3 = 10V+20V+30V=60V Q1: Five resistors are connected in a series and there is a
that there are multiple pathways by which current of 3 A into the first resistor. The amount of
charge can travel from the + terminal to the current into the second resistor is
TUTORIAL EXERCISE - terminal.
Q2: To measure the current out of the second resistor in a
Q1: What can you say about the current in a circuit consisting of four resistors, an ammeter can be
series circuit? placed

Q3: What happens when one light goes out, or is

Q2: What can you say about the voltages in a removed in a parallel circuit?
series circuit?
Q4: Differentiate parallel and series circuits.
Q3: What happens when one light goes out or is
removed in a series circuit? Prepated by: Mr.M.Wambi
Grade 9 Science - 2022
Q4: The battery is rated as 12 volts. There is 4
volts across one of the lamps. What is the
Every impossibilities are possible
voltage across the second lamp?
through define POWER