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Fluid Mechanics - Assignment 2

The document contains an assignment with 14 fluid mechanics problems related to pressure measurements, manometers, submerged surfaces, rotating cylindrical tanks, and liquid-filled accelerating containers. Students are asked to determine pressures, forces, moments, densities, accelerations, and other variables using given dimensional, material property, and operating parameters. The assignment is due on May 5, 2022.

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Dawit Solomon
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323 views5 pages

Fluid Mechanics - Assignment 2

The document contains an assignment with 14 fluid mechanics problems related to pressure measurements, manometers, submerged surfaces, rotating cylindrical tanks, and liquid-filled accelerating containers. Students are asked to determine pressures, forces, moments, densities, accelerations, and other variables using given dimensional, material property, and operating parameters. The assignment is due on May 5, 2022.

Uploaded by

Dawit Solomon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fluid Mechanics I & II (MEng 3171),

Assignment-Two

The assignment is an individual assignment to submitted on Submission date: May 5, 2022 G.C (after 16 days)

1. The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the


pressure is measured by a multi-fluid manometer.
Determine the gage pressure of air in the tank if h1 =
0.3 m, h2 = 0.5 m, and h3 = 0.7 m. Take the densities
of water, oil, and mercury to be 1000 kg/m3, 850
kg/m3, and 13,600 kg/m3, respectively

2. Two water tanks are connected to each other through


a mercury manometer with inclined tubes. If the
pressure difference between the two tanks is 30 kPa,
calculate a and θ.

3. A closed cylindrical tank filled with water has a


hemispherical dome and is connected to an inverted
piping system. The liquid in the top part of the piping
system has a specific gravity of 0.8, and the remaining
parts of the system are filled with water. If the
pressure gage reading at A is 60 kPa, determine:
a. the pressure in pipe B, and
b. the pressure head, in millimeters of
mercury, at the top of the dome (point
4. Small differences in gas pressures are commonly
measured with a micro manometer of the type
illustrated in Fig below. This device consists of two
large reservoirs each having a cross-sectional area Ar
which are filled with a liquid having a specific weight
γ1 and connected by a U-tube of cross-sectional area
At containing a liquid of specific weight γ2. When a
differential gas pressure P1-P2, is applied, a
differential reading, h, develops. It is desired to have
this reading sufficiently large (so that it can be easily
read) for small pressure differentials. Determine the
relationship between h and P1-P2 when the area ratio
is small, and show that the differential reading, h, can
be magnified by making the difference in specific
weights, small. Assume that initially (with P1=P2) the
fluid levels in the two reservoirs are equal.
5. Both ends of the U-tube mercury manometer are
initially open to the atmosphere and under standard
atmospheric pressure. When the valve at the top of the
right leg is open, the level of mercury below the valve
is hi. After the valve is closed, air pressure is applied
to the left leg. Determine the relationship between the
differential reading on the manometer and the applied
gage pressure, Pg. show on a a plot how the
differential reading varies with Pg for hi = 25,50,75,
and 100 mm over the range of 0 ≤ Pg ≤ 300 kpa.
Assume that the temperature of the trapped air
remains constant.
6. A gas is contained in a vertical, frictionless piston–
cylinder device. The piston has a mass of 4 kg and a
cross-sectional area of 35 cm2. A compressed spring
above the piston exerts a force of 60 N on the piston.
If the atmospheric pressure is 95 kPa, determine the
pressure inside the cylinder.

7. An elliptical gate covers the end of a pipe 4 m in


diameter. If the gate is hinged at the top, what normal
force F is required to open the gate when water is 8 m
deep above the top of the pipe and the pipe is open to
the atmosphere on the other side (γwater at a given
condition is to be 9810 N/m3)? Neglect the weight of
the gate.
8. For a gate width of 3 m into the paper, determine the
force required to hold the gate ABC at its location.

9. The concrete (density = 2300 kg/m3) seawall of has a


curved surface and restrains seawater at a depth of
8m. The trace of the surface is a parabola as
illustrated. Determine the moment of the fluid force
(per unit length) with respect to an axis through the
toe (point A).

10. The density of a liquid is to be determined by an old


2-cm-diameter cylindrical hydrometer whose division
marks are completely wiped out. The hydrometer is
first dropped in water, and the water level is marked.
The hydrometer is then dropped into the other liquid,
and it is observed that the mark for water has risen 0.4
cm above the liquid–air interface. If the height of the
original watermark is 14.3 cm, determine the density
of the liquid.

11. A 1-m-diameter cylindrical mass, m, is connected to


a 2- m-wide rectangular gate. The gate is to open
when the water level, h, drops below 2.5 m.
Determine the required value for m. Neglect friction
at the gate hinge and the pulley.
12. The bottom quarter of a vertical cylindrical tank of
total height 0.4 m and diameter 0.3 m is filled with a
liquid (SG . 1, like glycerin) and the rest with water,
as shown in the figure. The tank is now rotated about
its vertical axis at a constant angular speed of v.
Determine (a) the value of the angular speed when the
point P on the axis at the liquid-liquid interface
touches the bottom of the tank and (b) the amount of
water that would be spilled out at this angular speed.

13. Milk with a density of 1030 kg/m3 is transported on a


level road in a 8-m-long, 3-m-diameter cylindrical
tanker. The tanker is completely filled with milk (no
air space), and it accelerates at 5 m/s2. If the minimum
pressure in the tanker is 110 kPa, determine the
maximum pressure difference and the location of the
maximum pressure.

14. A sealed box filled with a liquid shown in the figure


can be used to measure the acceleration of vehicles by
measuring the pressure at top point A at back of the
box while point B is kept at atmospheric pressure.
Obtain a relation between the pressure PA and the
acceleration a.

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