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COPYRIGHT 2020

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The original version of this material has been developed in the Schools Division of Surigao del
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This material has been approved and published for online distribution through the Learning
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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Floramyr P. Sarvida

Editors: Jane Basul. Marcelina C. Ranin , Rey D. Arbolonio . Irene F. Havana,
Rosario P. Polea
Reviewers:
Illustrators:
Layout Artists:
Management Team: Ma. Teresa M. Real
Laila F. Danaque
Dominico P. Larong, Jr.
Gemma C. Pullos
Manuel L. Limjoco, Jr.

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Department of Education – Schools Division of Surigao del Norte

Office Address: Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Tel. No.: (086) 826-8216
E-mail Address: [email protected]

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
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LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Science 8, Quarter 4, Week 2B

THE ROLE OF MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS IN THE CELL-DIVISION CYCLE

Name: __________________________________ Section: _________________________

Most Essential Learning Competency
Explain the significance of meiosis in maintaining the chromosome number
(MELC S8LT-IV-e-17)

Learning Objectives:

1. Identify the different stages of meiosis

2. Describe the role of meiosis in the cell-division cycle.
3. Appreciate the importance of meiosis through writing an essay about its vital
role in maintaining the number of chromosomes for sexually reproducing
organisms.
Key Concepts
➢ The number of chromosomes normally remains the same within the
species. It does not double or triple for every generation. This suggests
that a different kind of cell division must take place in an individual.
➢ Meiosis is a special type of cell division where the cell undergoes two
rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells, each with half the
chromosomes number as the original parent cell with a unique set of
genetic material as a result of exchange of chromosome segments during
the process of crossing over.
➢ The first round of meiotic division, also known as meiosis I, consists of
four stages: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I and telophase I.
Prophase I of meiosis I, unlike its counterpart in mitosis, is more
elaborate and should be understood well in order to grasp the
mechanisms of heredity.
o After mitosis, there is cytokinesis or the division of the cytoplasm
to form two separate daughter cells.
➢ Sperm and egg cells are haploid cells. These cells have only 23
chromosomes, hence these cells need each other to combine to make the
complete 46. These kinds of cells are created via meiosis.
➢ In meiosis, specialized diploid cells split in half twice producing four
separate cells, each of which is genetically distinct from the others.
➢ Meiosis makes it possible to maintain a constant number of
chromosomes in a species that reproduces sexually by halving the
number of chromosomes in the reproductive cells.
➢ The purpose of meiosis is to shuffle genetic information and cut the
cellular chromosome number in half, from 46 chromosomes to 23
chromosomes. ... If sperm and egg cells were to divide and keep the same
number of chromosomes that other cells do, then the resulting embryo
would have twice the normal number of chromosomes.

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
 3

➢ Meiosis is necessary to produce gametes (haploid cells) such as egg cells

in female and sperm cells in the male. It is important for a sexually
reproducing organism to produce haploid gametes that take part in
fertilization.
➢ For instance, a female dog will mate a male dog to produce a normal
puppy.
➢ In Meiosis I (Figure 1) a special cell division reduces the cell from diploid
to haploid.
o Prophase I. The homologous chromosomes pair and exchange
DNA to form recombinant chromosomes. Prophase I is divided into
five phases:
▪ Leptotene: chromosomes start to condense.
▪ Zygotene: homologous chromosomes become closely
associated (synapsis) to form pairs of chromosomes
(bivalents) consisting of four chromatids (tetrads).
▪ Pachytene: crossing over between pairs of homologous
chromosomes to form chiasmata.
▪ Diplotene: homologous chromosomes start to separate but
remain attached by chiasmata.
▪ Diakinesis: homologous chromosomes continue to
separate, and chiasmata move to the ends of the
chromosomes.
o Metaphase I
▪ Homologous pairs of chromosomes (bivalents) arranged as
a double row along the equatorial plate.
o Anaphase I
▪ The homologous chromosomes in each bivalent are
separated and move to the opposite poles of the cell
o Telophase I
▪ The chromosomes become diffuse and the nuclear
membrane reforms.
o Cytokinesis
▪ The final cellular division to form two new cells, followed by
Meiosis II. Meiosis I is a reduction division: the original
diploid cell had two copies of each chromosome; the newly
formed haploid cells have one copy of each chromosome.

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
 4

Figure 1: The Phases of Meiosis I.

Source: https://www2.le.ac.uk/projects/vgec/highereducation/topics/cellcycle-mitosis-meiosis

Figure 2: The Phases of Meiosis II.

Source: https://www2.le.ac.uk/projects/vgec/highereducation/topics/cellcycle-mitosis-meiosis

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
 5

➢ Meiosis II (Figure 6) separates each chromosome into two chromatids.

➢ The events of Meiosis II are analogous to those of a mitotic division,
although the number of chromosomes involved has been halved.
Activity 1. Getting to Know You
Objective: Identify the different stages of meiosis.
What you need: paper and ball pen
What to do: Match column B with column C having stages of meiosis as described in
the following sentences found in column A.
Column A Column B Column C

The chromosomes
condense, and the
nuclear envelope breaks
down. Crossing-over Telophase II
occurs.

Prophase I

Pairs of homologous
chromosomes move to
the equator of the cell

Homologous Metaphase II
chromosomes move to
the opposite poles of the
cell

Chromosomes gather at Anaphase I

the poles of the cell. The
Cytoplasm divides.

A new spindle forms Telophase I

around the
chromosomes

Chromosomes line up at Metaphase I

the equator

Centromeres divide, Prophase II

chromatids move to the
opposite poles of the
cells

A nuclear envelope forms Anaphase II

around each set of
chromosomes. The
cytoplasm divides.

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
 6

Activity 2. Role of Meiosis

Objective: Identify the role of meiosis in the cell-division cycle.
What you need: paper and ballpen
What to do:
1. Choose from the following sentences those that describe the role of meiosis in
the cell - division cycle.
2. Write down the sentences inside the given table below.
Role of Meiosis in The Cell - Division Cycle
A. A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent
cell by half and produces four gamete cells.
B. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.
C. The major purpose of this type of cell division is for growth and to replace worn
out cells.
D. It is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the
same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of
ordinary tissue growth.
E. Produces daughter cells with identical genetic complement.
F. Conservation of specific chromosome number of each species across
generations.
Table A
Meiosis

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
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Activity 3: Importance of Meiosis

Objective: Appreciate the importance of meiosis through writing an essay about its
vital role in maintaining the number of chromosomes for sexually
reproducing organisms.
What you need: paper and ballpen
What to do:
1. Study the pages on key concepts about meiosis.

Explain the significance of meiosis in maintaining the chromosome number?

Scoring Rubric
5 points Explanation is scientifically consistent with the concepts and has no
misconception.
3 points Explanation is scientifically consistent with the concepts but with
minimal misconception.
2 points Explanation is scientifically consistent with the concepts but with
misconception.

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
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REFLECTION
What to do:
1. Give your opinion on the question below. Write your answer on the space
provided.

Why is meiosis useful in life?

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Scoring Rubric

5points Explanation is scientifically consistent with the concepts

and has no misconception.

3points Explanation is scientifically consistent with the concepts

but with minimal misconception.

2 point Explanation is scientifically consistent with the concepts

but with misconception.

References for Learners:

Amoeba Sisters. “Mitosis: The Amazing Cell Process that Uses Division to Multiply!
(Updated)” Last modified April 15, 2016.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-ldPgEfAHI&t=181s
Amoeba Sisters. “Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Side by Side Comparison” Last modified June
1, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrKdz93WlVk&t=155s
Biologycorner.com. “Cell Division.” Last modified March 27, 2020.
https://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/celldivision-chromosomes.html

Genetics Basics Lesson 5: Meiosis. (n.d.).

http://hihg.med.miami.edu/code/http/modules/education/Design/Print.asp
?CourseNum=1&LessonNum=5.

Science – Grade 8 Learner’s Module. First Edition, 2013

Scitable by nature Education. “Meiosis”. Last modified November 10, 2014.
https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/meiosis-88/

Stated Clearly. “What is a Chromosome?” Last modified July 26, 2017.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IePMXxQ-KWY

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
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University of Leicester. “The Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis” Last modified January
16, 2020.
https://www2.le.ac.uk/projects/vgec/highereducation/topics/cellcycle-
mitosis-meiosis

Answers Key:
Activity 1 Answers

Getting to Know You

Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.

School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Division: Surigao del Norte
Email address: [email protected]
 Email address: [email protected]
Division: Surigao del Norte
School: Surigao del Norte National High School
Author: Sarvida, Floramyr P.
Activity 3: Possible Answers
1. Meiosis makes it possible to maintain a constant number of
chromosomes in a species that reproduces sexually by halving the
number of chromosomes in the reproductive cells.
2. The purpose of meiosis is to shuffle genetic information and cut the
cellular chromosome number in half, from 46 chromosomes to 23
chromosomes. ... If sperm and egg cells were to divide and keep the
same number of chromosomes that other cells do, then the resulting
embryo would have twice the normal number of chromosomes.
Activity 2 Possible answers
Role of Meiosis
Table A
Meiosis
A. A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes
in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells
B. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for
sexual reproduction.
F. Conservation of specific chromosome number of each species
across generations.
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