Ratio, Proportion & Partnerships

If (a+b) : (b+c) : (c+a) = 9 : 6 : 11,

Ratio as comparison:
and if a+b+c = 39,
find the value of 2a - 7b + 4c.
If a : b = 2 : 5,
7a − 2b
find the value of
3a + 4b

If x : y = 2 : 5,
3x 2 + 2y 2
find the value of
6x 2 − y 2

[CAT-1993] From each of the two given

numbers, half the smaller number is
subtracted. Of the resulting numbers,
the larger one is three times as large as
the smaller. What is the ratio of the two
numbers?
If x : y = 3 : 5, A. 2 : 1 B. 3: 1
3x 2 + 7y 2 − 2x C. 3 : 2 D. None of these
find the value of
4x 2 − y 2 + 3x
 Page |2

Incomes of Ramesh and Suresh are in Incomes of Ram and Shyam are in the
the ratio 7 :4 and their expenses are in ratio 5 : 4 and their expenses are in the
the ratio 7 : 4. Find the ratio of their ratio 3 : 2. If Ram saves 3�4th of his
savings. income, find the ratio of their savings.

Incomes of Ramesh and Suresh are in

the ratio 7 :4 and their expenses are in
the ratio 4 : 7. Find the ratio of their
savings.

Questions related to ages:

The sum of ages of a couple is 80 years
with the ratio of ages of husband and
wife being 9 : 7. If at the time of their
marriage the ratio was 3 : 2, how many
years ago were they married?
A. 10 B. 12 C. 15 D. 30

Distance covered by Ramesh and Suresh

is in the ratio 7 :4 and time taken by
them to cover these distancesis in the
ratio 4 : 7. Find the ratio of their Speeds.
 Page |3

Converting a Ratio into fraction: Rs. 700 are divided among A, B, C such
A vessel contains Milk and water in the that Rs. 10 more than 3/8thofA’s share,
ratio 3:2 Rs. 20 less than 2/5th of B’s share and
Rs. 20 more than 1/2 ofof C’s share are
be equal. What is A’s share (in Rupees)?
Fraction of Milk:
A. 160 B. 200
C. 240 D. 320
Fraction of water:

[CAT-1998] I have one-rupee coins, 50-

paisa coins and 25-paisa coins. The
number of coins are in the ratio 2.5: 3: 4.
If the total amount with me is Rs. 210,
find the number of one-rupee coins.
A. 90 B. 85
C. 100 D. 105

Distribution in a ratio:
A sum of money is to be distributed
among A, B, C, D in the Ratio 5 : 3 : 7 : 1.
If C gets Rs. 1000 more than D, what is
B's share?
A. Rs. 500 B. Rs. 1500
C. Rs. 2000 D. None of these.
 Page |4

Properties of Ratios 4. If A : B = 3 : 4 and B : C = 6 : 5,

Find A : B : C.
A B
1. If = , Find A : B.
2 3

A B C
If = = , Find A : B : C
2 3 5

1 1 5. If A : B = 5 : 6, B : C = 4 : 3,
2. If A : B = : , Find A : B.
C : D = 9 : 10, D : E = 3 : 8, E : F = 4 : 9,
2 3
Find A : F

1 1 1
If A : B : C = : : , Find A : B : C
2 3 5

2 3 5
If A : B : C = : : , Find A : B : C
5 4 6

[CAT – 2003] Let a, b, c, d and e be

integers such that
a = 6b = 12c, and 2b = 9d = 12e.
Then which of the following pairs
3. If 2A = 3B, Find A : B contains a number that is not an
integer?
a b a c
A. [ , ] B. [ , ]
27 e 36 e
a bd a c
C. [ , ] D. [ , ]
12 18 6 d

If 2A = 3B = 5C, Find A : B : C
 Page |5

Partnerships Three partners shared the profit in a

business in the ratio 4 : 5 : 6. They had
Simple Partnership
partnered for 6 months, 5 months and 4
months respectively. What was the ratio
of their investments?
A. 1 : 1 : 1 B. 24 : 25 : 24
C. 4 : 6 : 9 D. 9 : 6 : 4
Ajay and Atul start a business together
with respective investments Rs. 20,000
and Rs. 30,000. At the end of thirteen
years, they earn a total of Rs.
1,65,00,000. How much should be Ajay’s
share from the total profit?

Compound Partnership A and B start a business with respective

investments of Rs. 5,000 &Rs. 3,000.
Three months later, A leaves and C joins
with an investment of Rs. 4,000 and B
invests an additional Rs. 2,000.
Four more months later, B leaves, C
Ajay starts a fruit business with an withdraws Rs. 2,000 and A rejoins with
investment of Rs. 20,000. After 4 Rs. 3,000. At the end of the year from
months, Atul joins him with an the start of the business, what should be
investment of Rs. 30,000. At the end of 1 the ratio in which the profits should be
year from the start of the business, they distributed between A, B and C?
generate a profit of Rs. 90,000. How
much should be Ajay’s share from the
total profit?
 Page |6

Proportion 5𝑎𝑎+2𝑏𝑏 7
If =
5a−2b 3
If a, b, c and d are in proportion, a
then find the value of
b

Property of equal ratios:

a 𝑐𝑐 e 𝑔𝑔 i
If a, b and c are in continued If = = = = = k
b d f h j
proportion, find the values of the following
expressions in terms of “k”

a +c +e +g +i
1.
b +d +f +h +j

Properties of proportion
a 𝑐𝑐
If =
b d a −c +e +g −i
then, 2.
b −d +f +h −j
Alternendo:

Invertendo:

7a + 5c − 2e − 3g + 4i
3.
7b + 5d − 2f − 3h + 4j
Componendo:

a 2 − c 3 − e 4 + g 5 + i6
Dividendo: 4.
b 2 − d 3 − f4 + h 5 + j6

Componendo&Dividendo:
 Page |7

7a 2 + 5c 3 − 2e 4 − 3g 5 + 4i 6 [CAT 2004]
5.
7b 2 + 5d 3 − 2f 4 − 3h 5 + 4j 6

then r cannot take any value except

__________.
1
A. B. – 1
2
1 1
C. or – 1 D. – or – 1
2 2

ac + ce + eg + gi + ia
6.
bd + df + fh + hj + jb
 DI SET - 1
Radar Chart

3 rival companies (X, Y and Z) manufacture the same product P and distribute it in only
5 cities (A, B, C, D and E). The following graph shows % profit of these 3 companies in
these 5 cities.

A
25%

20%

15%

10%
E B
5% X
0% Y
Z

D C

Profit = Income – Expenditure

𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏𝐏
Profit % = × 100%
𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄𝐄

1. If the income of Company X in city B is Rs. 69 lakhs, how much is its profit in city B?

2. What is the ratio of profit made by Company Y and Company Z in city C?

3. What is the ratio of profit made by Company X in city A and city E?

4. If the income of Company X is same in city D and city B, what is the ratio of its profit
from city D and city B?

5. If the income of company Y in city C is equal to its expenditure in city E, what is the ratio
of its profit from city C and city E?

6. If the ratio of income of company Z in city D to the expenditure of company Y in city B is

8 : 5, what is the ratio of income of company Y in city B to expenditure of company Z in
city D?

7. If the income of company X is Rs. 20,000 more than its expenditure in city A, how much
is the income of company X in city A?

8. If the income of company Y in city A is Rs. 20,000 more than its income in city C, how
much is its income in city A?

9. If the expenditures of all three companies are same in city A, what is the ratio of their
profits?

10. If the profits of all three companies are same in city A, what is the ratio of their
expenditures?
 DI Set - 2

A survey was conducted amongst all mid-level managers in a company in order to

estimate their levels of satisfaction with the top management of the company. Each mid-
level manager belonged to one of these 6 departments – Marketing, Finance, Operations,
Systems, Logistics, Production. The graph below shows what percentage of mid-level
manager from each department has given what response:

Very Satisfied Satisfied

Not Satisfied Need to be changed

24 25
32 30 30
40

9
16
10 10
12
8
27
20
16
35 32

34

40 40 39
25 28
18

Marketing Finance Operations Systems Logistics Production

1. Which response was given by the highest number of mid-level managers in the
company?

2. What percentage of mid-level managers of the company has given “Very Satisfied” as a
response?
3. Which department amongst the six has maximum percentage of its mid-level managers
giving “Need to be changed” as a response?

4. Which response was given by the least number of mid-level managers in the company?

5. What is the ratio of the number of mid-level managers in Finance department who have
given “Very satisfied” as a response to those who have given “Not Satisfied” as a
response?

6. What is the ratio of number of mid-level managers who have given “Satisfied” as a
response in Operations department to those in Marketing department?

7. In the Systems department, number of mid-level managers giving “Very Satisfied as a

response is how much percent more than those giving “Need to be changed” as a
response?

Additional information for the following questions:

M = Number of mid-level managers in Marketing department
F = Number of mid-level managers in Finance department
O = Number of mid-level managers in Operations department
S = Number of mid-level managers in Systems department
L = Number of mid-level managers in Logistics department
P = Number of mid-level managers in Production department
T = Total number of mid-level managers in the company

8. What is the minimum value of T?

9. If T < 500 what is the maximum value of T?

10. If M = F = O = S = L = P, what is the minimum value of T?

11. If M < F < O < S < L < P, what is the minimum value of T?

12. If M > F > O > S > L > P, what is the minimum value of T?

13. If M : F : O : S : L : P = 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 : 6, what is the minimum value of T?