1.

SCR is a
(a) PNPN switching device.
(b) NPNP switching device.
(c) Both
(d) None of the above

2. Transistor is
(a) Three layer, two junction device
(b) Three layer, three junction device
(c) Two layer, two junction device
(d) Two layer, three junction device

3. Surge current rating of an SCR specifies the maximum

(a) Repetitive current with sine wave
(b) Non-repetitive current with rectangular wave.
(c) Non-repetitive current with sine wave.
(d) Repetitive current with triangular wave.

4. In a GTO, anode current tends to fall when gate current

(a) Is negative peak at t = storage period, ts
(b) Is negative peak, at time t = 0
(c) Just begins to become negative, at t = 0
(d) None of these

5. The PNPN device having a terminal for synchronzing purpose is

 (a) Triac. (b) diac
(c) SCS (d) SUS

6. Snubber circuit is used to limit the rate of

(a) conduction period.
(b) rise of voltage across SCR.
(c) rise of current.
(d) none of the above

7. Thyristor A has rated gate current of 2 A while Thyristor B has rated gate
current of 200 mA then.
(a) Thysistor B is a GTO and A is a conventional SCR.
(b) Thysistor a is a GTO and b is a conventional SCR.
(c) Thysistor B may operate as transistor
(d) None of these

8. for very high and ultra high frequency application, which of the following is
preferred?
(A) SIT (B) IGBT
(C) MOSFET (D) BJT
9. when an inductance is inserted in the load circuit of an scr then
(a) turn-on time of scr increased.
(b) conduction continues even after phase reversal of input voltage.
(c) output voltage is reduced for some firing angle.
(d) all of above

10. pick up the true statement while comparing a thyristor and transistor
switch.
(a) thyristor requires continuous gate current
(b) thyristor requires turn-off act while transistor does not
(c) voltage drop of thysistor is less than that of transistor
(d) all of above

11. Igbt has

(a) High on-state voltage drop like bjt.
(b) High input impedance like mosfet.
(c) Turn- off time is less than of mosfet.
(d) All the above
12. during the reverse bias of a thyristor
a) outer junctions are forward biased and the inner junction is reverse
biased
b) outer junctions are reverse biased and the inner junction is forward
biased
c) all three junctions are reverse biased
d) the junction near anode is reverse biased and one near cathode is forward
biased.

13. interbase resistance of ujt is

(a) of the order of 1kΩ and less
(b) in the range of 5kΩ to 10kΩ
(c) less than forward biased pn diade
(d) higher than FET

14. match the v-I characteristics

(1) SCR (2) DIAC
(3) TRIAC

a) 1 – (a), 2 – (c), 3 – (b)

b) 1 – (b), 2 – (a), 3 – (c)
c) 1 – (b), 2 – (c), 3 – (a)
d) 1 – (c), 2 – (b), 3 – (a)
15. the V-I characteristics of ideal-diade is
16. the turn-off time of a thyristor is 30 µSec at 500C. its turn- off time at
1000C is
(a) same. (b)100 µsec.
(c) 75 µsec. (d) 60 µsec

17. A dc source of 100 v supplies a purely inductive load of 0.1 H the

controller is a thyristor in serious with the source and load. The latching
current is 100ma. The minimum width of a gating pulse to ensure
thyristor to turn-on is
(a) 100 s. (b) 1ms.
(c) 50 µs (d) 100 µs.
 18. UJT triggering is used for an SCR, with a stand- off ratio = 0.6, and dc
source voltage VBB = 20 V.
The emitter voltage at which UJT triggers is
(a) 6 V (b) 12.6 V
(c) 7.5 V (d) 10V
19. an scr is connected to- 3-ϕ 6pulse bridge circuit with input voltage of
44 V. the piv of thyristor is
(a) 270.5 V (b) 715.7 V.
(c) 1430.97 V. (d) 2024 V.
20. a thyristor is triggered by pulse train of 5kHz. The duty ratio is 0.4 if the
allowable average power is 100 W, the maximum allowable gate drive power is
(a) 50 W. (b) 150 W.
(c) 250 W (d) 100 √ 2W.
21. the capacitive current of thyristor having reverse biased diffused
dv
capacitance CD = 30 pF, is 5 ma. dt of thyristor is

(a) 6 V/sec. (b) 166.67 V/sec.

(c) 166.67 V/µsec. (d) intermediate

22. The MOSFET having ID’ ID – VGS’ characteristics as shown in the fig is
 (a) N – channel enchancement mode device
(b) P - channel enchancement mode device
(c) N – channel depletion mode device.
(d) P - channel depletion mode device.
23. An SCR can withstand a maximum junction temperature of 120 0C an
ambient temperature of 75 0C . if the SCR has thermal resistance from junction
to ambient as 1.5 0C/W. maximum internal power dissipation allowed is
(a) 80 W (b) 60W
(c) 50 W (D) 10 W

24. when a thyristor forward biased and conduction

 (a) J1’ J3 are forward biased, J2 is reverse biased
(b) J1’ J2 are forward biased, J3 is reverse biased
(c) J1 is forward biased J2’ J3 is reverse biased
(d) J1’ J2 and J3 are forward biased.

25. the basic structure of MOSFET shown, is

 (a) P – channel depletion MOSFET
(b) N - channel depletion MOSFET
(c) Junction FET
(d) IGBT
26. an UJT used for triggering an SCR has the supply voltage VBB = 25 V. the
intrinsic stand-off ratio ŋ = 0.75. the UJT will conduct when the bias voltage vz is
(a) ≥ 18.75 V. (b) ≥ 19.35 V.
(c) 25 V. (d) 33.3 V.

27. The average on-state current for an SCR is 20 A for a resistive load. If an
inductance of 5 mH is included in the load, the average on-state current would
be
(a) 15 A (b) less than 20 A
(c) more than 20 A (d) 20 A
 28. the PIV of a silicon diode is 1.2 kV. The number of diodes that should be
used for a maximum supply voltage of 6.6 kV is
(a) 1 (b) 6 in parallel
(c) 6 m series (d) 6
29. consider the following statement regarding SCR:
(1) the SCR would be turned off by voltage reversal of the applied anode
────cathode ac supply of frequencies up to 30kHz.
(2) if the gate current of the SCR is increased, then the forward breakdown
voltage will decrease
(3) if the Scr even with propergate exitation and anode-cathode voltage doesn’t
conduct for a particular load resistance, then it would be necessary to decrease
the load resistance to turn-on the SCR.
Which of the statement are true?
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

30. the circuit in the given figure shows zener regulated dc power supply. The
zener diode is ideal. The minimum value of R1 down to which otput voltage
remains constant will be
(a) 15 ohm (b) 24 ohm
(c) 27 ohm (d) 45 ohm
31. the avg value of current in the given circuit is

(a) 2.7 A (b) 3.68 A

(c) 4.2 A (d) 5.1 A

32. MOS controlled thyristors have

(1) low forward voltage drop during conduction
(2) fast turn-off and turn-on time.
(3) low switching losses.
(4) high reverse voltage blocking capability.
(5) low gate input impedance.
Which of these stament, are true?
(a) 3,4 and 5
(b) 1,3, and 5
(c) 2,3 and 4
(d) 1,2 and 3
33. in a bridge rectifier the PRV rating for a diode supplying 180 V dc to a
resistive load is
(a) 90 V (b) 180 V
(c) 180π V (d) 90π V
34. a half wave converter circuit with a load resistor r1 = 10 Ω has an applied
voltage of 300 Vrms for a conduction angle of 600
The reading of a true rns reading ammeter is
(a) () A (b) 9.37 A
(c) 11.97 A (d) 30 A

35. An SCR having the applied sine voltage of Vm = 200 and R = 100 Ω. If the
gate trigger lags the ac supply by 1200 the average. Load current is
5 −5
(a) π A (b) π A

10 −15
(c) π A (d) π
A

36. in the below fig value of L = 5 µH and C = 20 µF, C is initially charged to 200V.
after switch ‘S’ is closed at t = (), 0, the max value of current and time at which it
reaches this value respectively are

(a) 50 A, 30µS (b) 100 A, 62.828 µS

(c) 400 A, 15.707 µS (d) none of these
37. the peak reverse voltage of the diode in the circuit is

(a) Em (b) Eb
(c) Em + Eb (d) Em ─ Eb
 38. the fig shows two thristors rated 400A (continuous rating) sharing a load
current. If current through T1 = 140 A, current through T2, is

(a) 80 A (b) 100 A

(c) 120 A (d) 140 A
39. an SMPS circuit, operating at 20 kHz to 100 kHz range, uses which of the
following elements?
(a) thyristor
(b) traic
(c) UJT
(d) MOSFET

40. the frequency of oscillation in the following timing circuit is

 Given that VBB = 30 V
RT = 50 kΩ , CT = 0.2 µF
(a) 90 Hz (b) 95 Hz
(c) 100Hz (d) 110 Hz
41. the half cycle surge current rating of an SCR is 2000 A for 50 Hz supply then
one cycle surge current eating of SCR is
(a) 1414.43 A
(b) 1418.43 A
(c) 1000 A
(d) 4000 A

42. Read the following statement and mark the correct option:
(i) the R ─ C snubber is connected in series with thyristor
di
(ii) R ─ C snubber is used to reduce dt through the thyristor

(a) (i) is true, (ii) is false

(b) (i) is false, (ii) is true
(c) Both (i) and (ii) true
 (d) Both (i) and (ii) false
Linked answer question 43 and 44

Two BJT’s are connected as shown in the above fig IT = 200 A

VCE (TT) = 1.5 V; VCE = (T2) =1.1 V
43. the collector currents are
(a) IC1 = 120 A, IC2 = 80A
(b) IC1 = 80 A, IC2 = 120A
(c) IC1 = 140 A, IC2 = 60A
(d) IC1 = 60 A, IC2 = 140A
44. the difference in current sharing is
(a) 10% (b) 20%
(c) 30% (d) 40%
Common data for question 45 and 46
For the above class ─ D commutation EdC = 50 V, ICC(max/0 = 50 A, Toff of SCR1 =
30µs chopping frequency f = 500 Hz, load variation required is 10 to 100%
45. the value of capacitor ‘C’ is __________.
(a) 27 µf (b) 45 µF
(c) 52 VF (d) 57 µF

46. the commutation inductor for allowing large voltage variation at the load is
(a) 90 µH (b) 67.5 µH
(c) 45 µH (d) µH
Common data for question 47 and 48
For UJT
VBB = 30V, ŋ = 0.6; RB1 = 3k, (IE = () ), Vr = (),7
47. the value of RB2 is
(a) 2000 Ω (b) 3000 Ω
(c) 4000 Ω (d) 5000 Ω
48. the value of Vp is
(a) 16.7 V (b) 17.7 V
(c) 18.7 V (d) 19.7 V

Common data for question 49 and 50

For the given circuit

di
49. the max value of dt of SCR is

(a) 3.3 A/µS (b) 3 A/µS

(c) 4.3 A/µS (d) 4 A/µS
dv
50. the max value of dt of SCR is

(a) 30 V/µS (b) 32 V/µS

(c) 35 V/µS (d) 36 V/µS
51. the output voltage of a single phase semi- converter is

π
1 1
(a) π ∫ V m cos ᶿ.dᶿ (b) π ∫ V m cos ᶿ.dᶿ
α

1 1
(c) π ∫ V m cos ᶿ.dᶿ (d) π ∫ V m cos ᶿ.dᶿ

52. A 1-ϕ half wave controlled rectifier has 300 sin 314 t V as input voltage and
resistor ‘R’ as load. The average output voltage for a firing angle of 60 0 is
300 225
(a) π (b) π

314 275
(c) π (d) π

53. in a 1-ϕ full converter if α and β are firing and extinction angles respectively,
then the load current is discontinuous if
(a) (β ─ α) > π (b) (β ─ α) < π
3π
(c) (β ─ α) = 2 (d) (β ─ α) = π

54. in a 1-ϕ semi- converter for discontinuous conduction and extinction angle β
> π, each SCR conducts for
 (a) β ─ π (b) β
(c) α (d) π ─ α
55. the converter that can operate in both 3-phase and 6-phase modes is
(a) 6-phase full converter.
(b) 6-phase semi - converter.
(c) 3-phase full converter.
(d) 3-phase semi-converter.
56. In a 3-ϕ semi-converter for a firing angle less than or equal to 60 0; the free-
wheeling diode conducts for
(a) 600 (b) 300
(c) 00 (d) 900
57. the free-wheeling diode is placed across the dc load
(a) To permit transfer of load current away from the sourc.
(b) To prevent reversal of the load voltage.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
58. a step-up chopper has ‘vs’ as source coltage and ‘α’ as duty cycle. The output
voltage of the chopper is
Vs
(a) Vs(1 ─ α) (b) (1+α )

Vs
(c) (1−α ) (d) Vs(1 + α)

59. n an a.c motor control, the ratio of oltage to frequency is maintained

constant in order to
(a) Make maximum use of magnetic circuit.
(b) Maximize the current drawn from the supply to provide torque.
 (c) Make minimum use of magnetic circuit.
(d) None of the above
60. if a single phase voltage converter feeds an induction motor heater, then
(a) In both the loads, fundamental and harmonics are useful.
(b) In both the loads, only fundamental is useful.
(c) In induction motor, only fundamental is used and in heater, both
fundamental and harmonics are useful.
(d) In induction motor, both fundamental and harmonics are useful and in
heater, only fundamental is useful.
61. in a dual converter.
(a) Converter – 1 acts as a rectifier and converter – 2 as an inverter
(b) Both the converters act as an inverter
(c) Both the converters act as a rectifier.
(d) None of the above

62. Resonant converters are basically used

(a) To generate large peaky are basically used
(b) To reduce the switching voltage.
(c) To eliminate harmonics.
(d) To convert a square wave into a sine wave.
63. in a 3-ϕ controlled bridge rectifier, with an increase in the overlap angle,
the output dc voltage
(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Does not change
 (d) Depends on load inductance
64. ac to dc circulating current dual converters are operated with the following
relationship.
(a) a1 + a2 = 180o (b) a1 + a2 = 360o
(c) a1 - a2 = 180o (d) a1 + a2 = 90o
65. the frequency of ripple in the output voltage of a 3-ϕ half controlled bridge
rectifier depends on
(a) firing angle (b) load inductance
(c) supply frequency (d) load resistance
66. in the given. If capacitor ‘C’ is charged to 50 V with lower plate positive and
the switch is closed at t = 0, the current through the diode at t = 0 the final
voltage across ‘C’ is

(a) 25 A, 200 V (b) 20A, 200 V

(c) 15 A, 150 V (d) 25 A, 250 V
67. a 1-ϕ, AC regulator with an inductive load has voltage 230 V f = 50 Hz, ωL =
5 Ω. The control range of firing angle is
(a) () < α < π
π
(b) 2 ≥ α ≥ π

π
(c) () < α < 2
 π
(d) π < α < 2

68. A 1-ϕ AC regulator fed 50 Hz system with R = 4 Ω, L = 12.73 mH. The control
range of firing angle is
(a) ()0 < α < 1800
(b) 450 < α < 1800
(c) 900 < α < 1800
(d) 00 < α < 450
69. in a 1-ϕ full wave controlled bridge retfier the maximum output voltage is
obtained at _____ conduction angle and minimum at conduction angle _______.
(a) 00, 1800
(b) 1800, 00
(c) 00, 00
(d) 1800, 1800
70. match the following.
(a) Inverter (p) controlled rectification
(b) Converter (Q) ac to ac
(c) Chopper (R) ac to dc
(d) Cycloconverter (S) dc to ac
(T) dc to dc
(a) A – P, B – Q, C – R, D – S
(b) A - P, B – R, C – Q, D – S
(c) A – R, B – P, C – S, D – Q
(d) A – S, B – Q, C – R, D- P
71. The output voltage across the load of a rectifier as shown in the given figure
is

(a) R
(b) R AND L
(c) R AND C
(d) R,L AND C
The chopper shown in the figure operates at 400 Hz and 50% duty cycle. The
load current remains almost ripple free at 10 A. assuming the input voltage to
be 200 V and the devices to be ideal, the turn- off time available to thyristor T,
is__________ µ sec.

(a) 20 µ sec (b) 40 µ sec

(c) 30 µ sec (d) 80 µ sec.
73. A 3-ϕ AC to DC diode bridge retifier is supplied from 3-ϕ 440 V source. the
retifier supplies a purely resistive load. The average dc voltage across the load is
(a) 600 V (B) 594.25 V
(c) 1188.5 V (d) 297.125 V
74. a single phase inverter with sqaure wave output voltage will have in its
output waveform a fifth harmonic components equal to _______ % of
fundamental.
(a) 12.73 (b) 24.56
(c) 25.46 (d) 24.65

75. refer to the following circuit and waveforms. The type of the load is.

(a) inductive (b) resistive load

 (c) capacitive (d) A DC motor

76. match the following items and choose the irght option
(a) commutation (P) resistive load
(b) V – curves (Q) inductive load
(c) freewheeling diode (R) capacitive load
(d) overlap (S) interpole
(T) source inductance
(U) synchronous motor
(a) A – S, B – U, C – Q, D – T
(b) A – U, B – T, C – S, D – Q
(c) A – Q, B – S, C – P, D – R
(d) A – S, B – U, C – T, D – Q
77. consider the following statements and choose the right option. Switched
mode power supplies are preferred over continious types, they are
(1) suitable for use in both dc and ac.
(2) suitable for high power circuits
(3) suitable for low power circuit
(4) more efficient.
(a) 1 and 2 are correct
(b) 2 and 4 are correct
(c) 1 and 4 are correct
(d) 3 and 4 are correct
78. in a 3-ϕ bridge retifier fed star-connected secondary winding of a
transformer, let the voltage of phase-a be Vm sin ωt. At the instant when the
voltage of a phase-a is maximum, the output voltage at the rectifier terminals
will be
Vm
(a) (b) 1.5Vm
√2
(c) √ 3 Vm (d) Vm
79. if the commutation angle of a diode retifier is µ (due to source inductance)
then the inductive voltage regulation will be
cos µ cos µ
(a) 1 + 2 (b) 1 - 2
1+ cos µ 1−cos µ
(c) 2
(d) 2

80. a 3-ϕ half-wave controlled rectifier has a supply of 200 V/phase.The load
voltage for firing angle of 300 (assume SCR drop 1.5 V)
(a) 201.07 V (B) 232.41 V
(C) 100.535 V (d) 290.07 V
81. a 3-ϕ half-wave converter is operating in te inverting mode connected to a
415 V supply.
If β = 180 and µ = 3.80 mean voltage at the load is
(a) 296.1 V (b) 269.1 V
(c) 0.955 (d) 1.169
82. in a 3-ϕ half-wave diode rectifier,the ratio of average output voltage to per
phase maximum a.c voltage is
(a) 0.827 (b) 1.654
(c) 0.955 (d) 1.169
83. a chopper operating at a fixed frequency is feeding an R – 1. Load as the
duty ratio of the chopper is increased from 25% to 75%, the ripple in the load
current
 (a) Remains constant
(b) Increases, reaches maximum at 50% duty ratio and then decreases
(c) Decreases, reaches a minimum at 50% duty ratio and then increases
(d) Keeps on increasing as the duty ratio is increased.
84. the figure shows zener regukated dc power supply. The minimum value of R 1
to which the output voltage remains constant is

(a) 45 Ω (b) 15 Ω
(c) 24 Ω (d) 27 Ω
85. read the following statements and choose the correct option
(i) the overlap angle of a phase controlled converter would increase on
increasing the supply frequency.
(ii) the overlap angle of a phase controlled converter would increase on
increasing the surce inductance.
(a) (i) is true, (i) is false
(b) (i) is false, (ii) is true
(c) (i) and (ii) are true
(d) (i) and (ii) are false
86. when a line-commutaed converter operates in the inverter mode
(a) It draws both real and reactive power from the ac supply
(b) It delivers both real and reactive power to ac supply
 (c) It delivers real power to ac supply.
(d) It draws reactive power from ac supply
87 a dc source of 200 V supplies purely inductive load 0.2 H controller is
thyristor in serios with source load 0.2 H controller is thyristor in series with
source and load latching current thyristor is 100ma. Minimum width of gating
pulse to ensure thyristor on is
(a) 100 sec (b) 100 µsec
(c) 1 msec (d) 500 µsec
88. the frequency of ripple in the output of 3-ϕ semi-converter depends on
(i) load resistance
(ii) load inductance
(iii) supply frequency
(iv) firing angle
(a) iii, iv are correct (b) I,ii.iv are correct
(c) I, ii, iii, iv are correct (d) I, ii, iii, iv are false
89. in a thyristor dc chopper the commutation that results in best performance
is
(a) Current commutation
(b) Supply commutation
(c) Voltage commutation
(d) Load commutation
90. chopper control for d.c motor provides variation in
(a) frequency (b) input voltage
(c) both (d) none of these
91. a voltage source inverter is normally employed when
 (a) source inductance is small and load inductance is large.
(b) source inductance is large and load inductance is small.
(c) both source and load inductance are small
(d) both source and load inductance are large
92. in a 3-ϕ half-wave of input voltage is 200 V, then the average output voltage
is
(a) 116.95 V (b) 101.28 V
(c) 202.56 V (d) 233.91 V
93. a step down chopper operates from dc voltage Vs, feeds dc motor armature
with back emf Eb. it is found that the current increases for time tr, falls to zero
over time tf and remains zero for time t0 in every chopping cycle. Then the
average dc voltage across the free- wheeling diode is
vstr vstr +ebtf
(a) (tr +tf +¿) (b) ¿ ¿
(tr +tf +¿)
vstr vstr
(c) (tr +tf +¿) (d) (tr +tf +¿)
1. (a) 26. (b) 51. (a) 76. (a)
2. (a) 27. (c) 52. (b) 77. (d)
3. (c) 28. (c) 53. (b) 78. (c)
4. (d) 29. (c) 54. (d) 79. (d)
5. (d) 30. (d) 55. (d) 80. (a)
6. (b) 31. (c) 56. (c) 81. (b)
7. (b) 32. (d) 57. (c) 82. (a)
8. (a) 33. (d) 58. (c) 83. (a)
9. (d) 34. (b) 59. (a) 84. (a)
10. (b) 35. (a) 60. (c) 85. (c)
11. (b) 36. (c) 61. (a) 86. (c)
12. (b) 37. (c) 62. (b) 87. (b)
13. (b) 38. (b) 63. (a) 88. (a)
14. (b) 39. (d) 64. (a) 89. (c)
15. (a) 40. (b) 65. (c) 90. (b)
16. (d) 41. (a) 66. (a) 91. (a)
17. (d) 42. (d) 67. (b) 92. (d)
18. (b) 43. (a) 68. (b) 93. (c)
19. (c) 44. (b) 69. (a) 94. (b)
20. (c) 45. (b) 70. (b) 95. (c)
21. ( c) 46. (c) 71. (b) 96. (b)
22. (d) 47. (a) 72. (b) 97. (a)
23. (d) 48. (c) 73. (b) 98. (b)
24. (b) 49. (b) 74. (c) 99. (a)
25. (b) 50. (a) 75. (d) 100. (a)
 di LI
12. V = L dt = T 22. E dc source + 1dc

LI 0.2⤬100 ⤬ 10
T= V = 200
= 400 + 15 ⤬ 1 =

415 V

Edc + √ E m,ph cosα ─ π

3 3 3 ωL
= 0.1 ms or 100µs Id
π

α = 37.200

3 √ 2 Vph
23. E dc = √ Em,ph cos(α + µ ) +
3 3
17. V() =
π π
3 ωL
L
π d

= √
3 2 ⤬ 200
µ = 4.430
π
I 1
=233.19V 24. T = f = 2000 = 0.5 ms

Load time constant = 6ms = 12 ⤬ T

20. TON = π √ LC Assuming linear current variation
TON
=3.14 √ 25 ⤬ 50⤬−6 ⤬ 10−6 = 700µs E() = Edc. T = 57.6
96
= TON
0.5 ⤬10 ─ 5

TON = 0.3 ms

21. peak current = I() + Vs C

√ L
25. Average load current =
E( )
R

√
= 200 + 200 50 = 482.8 A
25
57.6
= 8 = 7.2 A
.

16. the turn- off time is temperature 1

dependent and double between 250 and
40. f = RTCT ∈
( 1 ─1 ŋ )
1250C.
17. for an inductive load.
di
V=L=
dt 41. I2 T = (ISUR)2
LI 0.1⤬100 ⤬ 1 o 3
Or T = = 43. VCE + ICI re1 = VCE2 + IC2 RE2
V 100
= 0.1 ms or 100 µS Re2 . IC2 = re2 (IT ─ IC1)
18. EBB = V T + ŋVBB IT = IcI + IC2
Condidering V T = 0.6 2.¿
Ic1 = VCE 2 ─ VCE 1+ ℜ ℜ1+ ℜ 2 ¿
Vrms ( PIV )
19. Vf =
√2 ⤬VRMS(input ) ICI ─ IC 2
44. ∆I = IC + IC 2
VRMS (PIV) = 2.3 ⤬ √ 2 ⤬ 440
= 1430.97 V IL TOFF
45. C = TDC
dv
21. for triggering
dt
dv dv 5 ⤬ 10−3 t1 ─ t
ic = C J ; = 46. V0 (min) = 1
E dc
dt dt 30⤬ 10−12 T
= 166.67 V/µs
t ─ chopping time period

V() (min) = √ E dc
π LC
24−15 1 T
30. I = = A
27 3

( )
❑
Vl = 15 V V T2
L ≤ 0 (min) 2
VL 15 Edc π C
RL = = = 45
I 1/3

Vm
35. Idc = (1 + cos α )
2 πR
α ─ firing angle
 ( )
❑
= tan ─1 2⤬ π ⤬ 50 ⤬12.73 ⤬ 10 ─ 3
4
RB 1 .`. 45 < α < π
47. ŋ = Rb !+ RB 2

C ⤬V
72. toff = I 1.

2⤬10 ─ 6 ⤬200
= 40 µ sec.
10
48. V p = V r + ŋ V BB
73. V dc = 440 ⤬ √ 2 ⤬ 0.955

di V V
=594.25 V
49. dt = L = m
L 75. the wa veform V () is typical of a TLR
load and hence is of dc motor. Fot a pure

50. V SCR = V B ( 1 ─ e ─ t /c inductive load, the enerdy in the inductor

during off period may extent the
waveform up to the next triggering point.
67. load phase angle:

( )
❑
ωL 2√ 3
ᶲ = tan ─1
80. Edc = EM cosα ─ VSCR
R 2π
2√ 3
Since resistance R = 0 = 200 √ 2 cos 300 ─ 1.5 = 201.07 V
2π
π 3 √3
ᶲ= 2 81. Edc = EM [cosβ + cos(β ─ µ)]
4π
π Edc = 269.1 V
.`. 2 < α < π

Is the firing angle range

82 Output voltage of a half-wave rectifier
3 √ 3 √ 2V ph 3V Ml
V() = =
68. ᶲ = tan < α < π π π
V () 3

( )
❑ = = 0.827
ᶲ = tan ─ 1 ωL V ml π
R
83. As the frequency is constant, the ripple
remains constant.
24 ─ 15 1
84. I = = A
27 3
15
VL
VL = 15 V, RL =
I ()
= 1 = 45 Ω
3
RL = 45 Ω
86. A line communated converter operates
in the retifying mode, for 0 < α < 1800
voltage is negative, power flow is from dc
to ac and converter function as inverter. As
dc power is fed back, it is real power