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Google Docs
Google Docs is an online word processor included as part of
the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google Docs
Google, which also includes Google Sheets, Google Slides,
Google Drawings, Google Forms, Google Sites, and Google
Keep. Google Docs is accessible via an internet browser as a
web-based application and is also available as a mobile app
on Android and iOS and as a desktop application on Google's
Chrome OS.

Google Docs allows users to create and edit documents

online while collaborating with other users in real-time. Edits
are tracked by user with a revision history presenting
changes. An editor's position is highlighted with an editor-
specific color and cursor and a permissions system regulates
what users can do. Updates have introduced features using
machine learning, including "Explore", offering search
An example of a blank document in Google
results based on the contents of a document, and "Action
Docs
items", allowing users to assign tasks to other users.[1]
Developer(s) Google
Google Docs supports opening and saving documents in the Initial release March 9, 2006
standard OpenDocument format as well as in Rich text
format, plain Unicode text, zipped HTML, and Microsoft Written in JavaScript, Java
Word. Exporting to PDF and EPUB formats are Operating system Android, iOS, macOS,
implemented. Windows, BlackBerry,
Chrome OS
Platform Web application
Contents Available in 100 languages
History Type Collaborative software
Platforms Word processor
Features Website www.google.com/docs
Editing /about/ (https://www.googl
Collaboration and revision history e.com/docs/about/)
Explore
Files
Supported file formats
File limits
Google Workspace
Other functionality
Reception
Issues
2017 phishing incident

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2017 "Terms of Service" error

References
External links

History
Google Docs originated from two separate products: Writely and XL2Web. Writely was a web-based word
processor created by the software company Upstartle and launched in August 2005.[2] It began as an experiment
by programmers Sam Schillace, Steve Newman and Claudia Carpenter, trying out the then-new Ajax
technology and the "content editable" function in browsers.[3] On March 9, 2006, Google announced that it had
acquired Upstartle.[4][5] In July 2009, Google dropped the beta testing status from Google Docs.[6] In March
2010, Google acquired DocVerse, an online document collaboration company. DocVerse allowed multiple user
online collaboration on Microsoft Word documents, as well as other Microsoft Office formats, such as Excel
and PowerPoint.[7] Improvements based on DocVerse were announced and deployed in April 2010.[8]
In June
2012, Google acquired Quickoffice, a freeware proprietary productivity suite for mobile devices.[9] In October
2012, Google renamed the Drive products and Google Documents became Google Docs. At the same time,
Chrome apps were released, which provided shortcuts to the service on Chrome's new tab page.[10] In February
2019, Google announced grammar suggestions in Docs, expanding their spell check by using machine
translation techniques to help catch tricky grammatical errors.[11]

Platforms
Google Docs is available as a web application supported on Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer,
Microsoft Edge, and Apple Safari web browsers.[12] Users can access all Docs, as well as other files,
collectively through the Google Drive website. In June 2014, Google rolled out a dedicated website homepage
for Docs, that contains only files created with the service.[13] In 2014, Google launched a dedicated mobile app
for Docs on the Android and iOS mobile operating systems.[14][15][16] The mobile website for Docs was
updated in 2015 with a "simpler, more uniform" interface, and while users can read files through the mobile
websites, users trying to edit will be redirected towards the dedicated mobile app, thus preventing editing on the
mobile web.[17]

Features

Editing

Collaboration and revision history

Google Docs and the other apps in the Google Drive suite serve as a collaborative tool for cooperative editing
of documents in real-time. Documents can be shared, opened, and edited by multiple users simultaneously and
users are able to see character-by-character changes as other collaborators make edits. Changes are
automatically saved to Google's servers, and a revision history is automatically kept so past edits may be
viewed and reverted to.[18]
An editor's current position is represented with an editor-specific color/cursor, so if
another editor happens to be viewing that part of the document they can see edits as they occur. A sidebar chat
functionality allows collaborators to discuss edits. The revision history allows users to see the additions made to
a document, with each author distinguished by color. Only adjacent revisions can be compared, and users
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cannot control how frequently revisions are saved. Files can be exported to a user's local computer in a variety
of formats (ODF, HTML, PDF, RTF, Text, Office Open XML). Files can be tagged and archived for
organizational purposes.

Explore

In March 2014, Google introduced add-ons, new tools from third-party developers that add more features to
Google Docs.[19]
In order to view and edit documents offline on a computer, users need to be using the Google
Chrome web browser. A Chrome extension Google Docs Offline', allows users to enable offline support for
Docs files on the Google Drive website.[20] The Android and iOS apps natively support offline editing.[21][22]

In June 2014, Google introduced "Suggested edits" in Google Docs; as part of the "commenting access"
permission, participants can come up with suggestions for edits that the author can accept or reject, in contrast
to full editing ability.[15]
In October 2016, Google announced "Action items" for Docs. If a user writes phrases
such as "Ryan to follow up on the keynote script", the service will intelligently assign that action to "Ryan".
Google states this will make it easier for other collaborators to see which person is responsible for what task.
When a user visits Google Drive, Docs, Sheets or Slides, any files with tasks assigned to them will be
highlighted with a badge.[23]

A basic research tool was introduced in 2012.[24][25][26] This was expanded into "Explore" in September 2016,
which has additional functionality through machine learning.[27][28][29] In Google Docs, Explore shows relevant
Google search results based on information in the document, simplifying information gathering. Users can also
mark specific document text, press Explore and see search results based on the marked text only.

In December 2016, Google introduced a quick citations feature to Google Docs. The quick citation tool allows
users to "insert citations as footnotes with the click of a button" on the web through the Explore feature
introduced in September. The citation feature also marked the launch of the Explore functionalities in G Suite
for Education accounts.[30][31][32]

Files

Supported file formats

Files in the following formats can be viewed and converted to their Docs format:[33]

For formatted text documents: OpenDocument, Rich text format, zipped HTML, Unicode plain
text, Microsoft Word.[33]

File limits

Limits to insertable file sizes, overall document length and size are listed below:[34][35]

Up to 1.02 million characters, regardless of the number of pages or font size. Document files
converted to .gdoc (Docs) format cannot be larger than 50 MB. Images inserted cannot be larger
than 50 MB, and must be in either .jpg, .png, or .gif formats.

Google Workspace

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Google Docs and the Google Docs Editors suite are free of charge for use by individuals, but are also available
as part of Google's business-centered Google Workspace, enabling additional business-focused functionality on
payment of a monthly subscription.[36]

Other functionality

A simple find and replace tool is available. Google offers an extension for the Google Chrome web browser
called Office editing for Docs, Sheets and Slides that enables users to view and edit Microsoft Word documents
on Google Chrome via the Docs app. The extension can be used for opening Office files stored on the computer
using Chrome, as well as for opening Office files encountered on the web (in the form of email attachments,
web search results, etc.) without having to download them. The extension is installed on Chrome OS by
default.[37] Google Cloud Connect was a plug-in for Microsoft Office 2003, 2007 and 2010 that could
automatically store and synchronize any Word document to Google Docs (before the introduction of Drive) in
Google Docs or Microsoft Office formats. The online copy was automatically updated each time the Microsoft
Word document was saved. Microsoft Word documents could be edited offline and synchronized later when
online. Google Cloud Connect maintained previous Microsoft Word document versions and allowed multiple
users to collaborate by working on the same document at the same time.[38][39]
Google Cloud Connect was
discontinued in April 2013 as, according to Google, Google Drive achieves all of the above tasks, "with better
results".[40]
In January 2022, Google announced the text watermark feature to the word processor, allowing
users to create or import watermarks to a document. In addition to text watermarks, image watermarks can also
be added to the document.[41][42]

Reception
In a December 2016 review of Google Docs and the Drive software suite, Edward Mendelsohn of PC Magazine
wrote that the suite was "visually elegant" with "effortless collaboration", but that Docs, as paired with Sheets
and Slides, was "less powerful than desktop-based suites". Comparing Google's office suite with Microsoft's
and Apple's, he stated that "Docs exists only in your Web browser", meaning that users have "more limited
feature set" than "the spacious, high-powered setting of a desktop app". He wrote that offline support required a
plug-in, describing it as "less convenient than a desktop app, and you have to remember to install it before you
need it". Mendelsohn praised the user interface, describing it as "elegant, highly usable" with "fast
performance", and that the revision history "alerts you to recent changes, and stores fine-grained records of
revisions". Regarding the Explore functionality, he credited it for being the "niftiest new feature" in the suite
and that it surpassed comparable features in Microsoft Office. He described the quality of imports of Word files
as "impressive fidelity". He summarized by praising Docs and the Drive suite for having "the best balance of
speed and power, and the best collaboration features, too", while noting that "it lacks a few features offered by
Microsoft Office 365, but it was also faster to load and save in our testing".[43]

Issues

2017 phishing incident

In May 2017, a phishing attack impersonating a Google Docs sharing email spread on the Internet. The attack
sent emails pretending to be someone the target knew, requesting to share a document with them. Once the link
in the email was pressed, users were directed to a real Google account permissions page where the phishing
software, a third-party app named "Google Docs", requested access to the user's Google account. Once granted,
the software received access to the user's Gmail messages and address book, and sent new fraudulent document

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invitations to their contacts.[44] The phishing attack was described by media outlets as "massive"[45] and
"widespread",[46] and The Next Web's Napier Lopez wrote that it's "very easy to fall for".[45] One of the reasons
the attack was so effective was that its email messages passed through spam and security software, and used a
real Google address.[47] Within hours, the attack was stopped and fixed by Google, with a spokesperson stating
that "We have taken action to protect users against an email impersonating Google Docs, and have disabled
offending accounts. We've removed the fake pages, pushed updates through Safe Browsing, and our abuse team
is working to prevent this kind of spoofing from happening again".[48][49]

On the same day, Google updated Gmail on Android to feature protection from phishing attacks.[50][51][52]
Media outlets noticed that, while the added protection was announced on the same day as the attack, it "may not
have prevented this week's attack, however, as that attack involved a malicious and fake "Google Docs" app that
was hosted on Google's own domain".[52] In early May 2017, Ars Technica reported that "at least three security
researchers" had raised issues about the threat, one of them in October 2011, and that the attacker or attackers
behind the actual incident "may have copied the technique from a proof of concept posted by one security
researcher to GitHub in February". Furthermore, the report noted that Google had been repeatedly warned by
researchers about the potential threat, with security researcher Greg Carson telling Ars Technica that "I don't
think Google fully understood how severely this could be abused, but certainly hackers did".[53]

2017 "Terms of Service" error

In October 2017, Google released a server-side update to its codebase, which started incorrectly flagging
random documents as unspecified violations of its "Terms of Service" policies. A fix was released shortly
afterwards,[54][55] though the issue became noteworthy for the extent of Google's control over users' content,
including its analysis of the contents of documents, as well as for its ability to shut users out at any time,
including during critical moments of work.[56][57]

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4/26/22, 9:04 AM Google Docs - Wikipedia

External links
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