Date

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BASIESOF SOL DE

sOV6ands foY shrucHured Qvey Languaje

u
what is Sau
8oL a standard langoje Por Acessin
and manupladin database.
99Lstands For ahvcurcd Quay languae

Basics dot
A Colobase most Ofen Oontains one O
m r e a b leg. ach able identiey name
(e Customer, stUden+) b

4able ontain e coods (oows) win dada

SQL Cte8tademen

CREATE TABLE table-ame

Columnt dadartype,
column2 dadatyPe,
Column3 datatyee,
7. Y

noTe69L iS not a Case SensitHve lnguaje

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S0L Select Sladement

.Select 6tatement used Hoe eet daJa Pvom
dadabase
in desul4 table.
dada dcned is 1oned
Called tne desult Set

ne Pollowin 89L 6tatemen+ Selcats the

tm OusHomer
CustomerName' 'ity' column
table
Seleet Custones Name 5 city foom Customes;|
Ddotb lgono
uexample barurle

6 tLECT FROm cystonneYS;

>SeleS all Columo Poom CusmeY oble
102Tafnc 9 0 on
,

SoL WHERE ClaUSe n90o mot0)

b /hjeTre wHE RE clauseo&0sed to Cite

oeCDrds
1 4 is USed o rexiraotonlythose
decosds nat PutlPued a 6peiPied
Condion do JJA TA9

SyniaxK C uloO
SELECT Columnf, Colum)2,
FRom table-name
wHERE Condition
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Comment
39L Comment3 ae usedtoGdd
Dote +o oUT CO0de

examplc a
This s a comment.

Oule),m90
LoGical OfeTaioxS t . / 7

AnOD opeato
The AnD operador disploys aecord
Patluthe Gonditions emeted by AnD
OeTRUE'O ron 5U
AND 64ntox:

Selet columnl. Column2

foom table-name
whene CanditionbAnD Condition 2

OR operador
n e oP Operadon disploy a ecoTd 1any
ortne coldition 8eprated by OR S TRuE

OR 84ntax

Selet Columni, Column2

FRg M table-name
wHERE Condition oR Condihon22,.
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nO7 Opesatox .
3

tne Opetator displays a decosd

O
e n e Condition(s) is NOT TRUE moN

S4ntay
SELECT columnf, Column 2..
PRom Hable-name
WHERE emdiry!, NOT Con diton

example
d

3 seLECT FRoM Customes

wHEPE NOT Countyi41y';

4TN Ope vaHO u l e ) , lomuleble

ne OpenadoYallo Houto SPeaiey

multiple Nalue n a wHERE clause
1He T peTatoY 1S O 6hovthand fo
muliple 2 Qondition

Syntax
SeLecT column-nameS)
Ro able-ngme
whERE Colum-name w
(volve',^Nalue2). . .

U-3dot
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SSaL between ope daJO%

TheBETW6ENOperator Selea Value

witnin O iven ange tne numben Can be
+ey+ oY dade
he BETWEEn operator is indusive
beain and end value ade includcd

6undax:
6ELECT Column-ngmes)
FRoM able-name
wHERE Columo-name BETwEeN Vave Anp
Valve2
6 LTKE Opeado

The LTKE operaor is USed in a wHE RE

clause to Seanch Pos O Speieied patten q
Columy

h e r e Gve two wild Cads oten Used in a

Conunchon i t n ne LTKE Operato

h e pecent
.

Si9nCi.) aepreJent 2ezo

one, o multiple chaneter.
Tne under SCo Si9n(- PepreJent one
Single choncier.

SunHay SELECT Column, column 2

fRoM able name
WHERE Col Umn. LTkE Pattern
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SOL JOTNS
brou)i
he SoLDJoin calusse Hake TECOsd S
Foom twomOd more tables in a databasSe
and combines togtnes.
TG 26r n
Arnsti Standod S0L define S TyP of Joins

inne3 Joìn
2ef+ outes Join

3 ignOUtennJoin
Pufutl oute Join
SC00SS Jointn Totnr

i n n e s Join

table +able 2

=inne Join

The TnnEe Joinkegword Sele Tecords

that have matching value in botn ables.

64ntaX: SELEC7 Column- name(s) D

FeoM+ablel
+able2I:
on able Column-name -
table2
col umn-ngme;
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2) LETT JOin

Hhe let+ Join Keywovd beuon all

eCordS rom nelept 4able CHable 1) . and
h e Matching ECOTdS Iom e ignt
able Gable).on'ok
+he eSult is recoOsdS foom
i9nt elde. iCnene iS no match
tne
tne

Sytax
6ELECT Columnname (e)
FRom table U
LEETJOIN ahle 2
ON TABLE1 Column-name 4able2. »lumo
name
.

able able

etJain 3/12

3RIGH1 JOIN a.

Che Rignt Join

keyuJOTd detuans Cal
mecoTdS
TEcordS room ignt toble tobie2)
,and tne
matchin TECords Proom the
table )
eP4able
n e oesUt IS o becoTdS Poom
+he lePt Side itner s no motch.
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table Hobie-20

Risht Join

8imax

SELECT ColumnL Mame s)

FRoMo4abler
RIGHTV JoinJuHable2
oN table. Column-name 24able Column-

name;

2 FULL JOTN

Tne fULL OUTER JOTN keywodd detvans

Oll TecordS When nere iS a m a t c h in left
C+abe) 0 i9ht CHable 2) table ecovds.

noie pull oUHer Join and tuu Juin ane Samc

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oble Sable

Pull Join

CUmoUS- PooJammes.
6untaX.
column-namc(s)
SELECT
PRoM able
PULL OUTER JonN table2
onN tebel column-namc +able2 column-i
D
name
wHERE Condion;