Synopsis Report

on

MULTI CROP CUTTING HARVESTING MACHINE

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the

Requirements for the award of the degree

of

BACHELORS OF ENGINEERING

in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted By:- Faculty Supervisor:-

Sahil Kumar (16BME8002) Prof. SaurabhChhabra

Dilpreet Singh (16BME8014)

Naveej Sindhi (16BME8023)

Ranjan Kumar (16BME8024)

Urvish Agnihotri (16BME8066)

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY

GHARUAN, MOHALI, PUNJAB, INDIA-140413 (2018)

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 CONTENTS

Content Page no.

Abstract 3

Introduction 4

Component Used 5

Assessment of virtual Prototype 5

Approximate cost 5

About Mini Harvester 6

Design 7

Advantages &Disadvantages 8

ABSTRACT
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The main purpose of our Project is to helpsmall scale farmers who having land area less than 5
acres by designing small scale harvester machine to harvest grains very efficiently. Our project
work will focus on ease of harvesting operation to the small scale farmers for harvesting varieties
of grain in less time and at low cost by considering different factors such as cost of equipment,
ease of operation, time of operation and climatic conditions. This machine has cutting blades
which cut crops in scissoring type of operation can cut up to two rows of crops. The power unit
for this machine is Petrol engine of 14.25 HP. This power is transmitted through gear box,
sprocket-chain mechanism to the cutter blades and other power requiring mechanisms for
performing cutting, harvesting, and separation operation. This harvester might be the best
solution for the problems faced by small scale farmers relating with availability of labors and
cost of harvesting.

This is because the available machines used for the harvesting processes are mostly designed and
economical for large pieces of land. In order to serve those small scale A2 wheat farmers who
have resorted to time consuming and laborious manual harvesting methods, and to encourage
those who have abandoned wheat farming completely, this paper was done to design a mini
combine harvester machine that is both affordable and economical for these farmers. Design
specifications and drawings were developed for the machine. Information for the manufacture
and assembly of the mini combine harvester was also provided, and material selection was done
focusing on the locally available and affordable materials in the country. Manufacture of this
mini combine harvester will result in profitable wheat farming by small scale farmers and will
also boost the gradually declining wheat grain production

INTRODUCTION

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Recently ruler has seen a shortage of skilled labour available for agriculture. Because of this
shortage the farmers have transitioned to using harvesters. These harvesters are available for
purchase but they are not affordable because of their high costs, however, agriculture groups
make these available for rent on an hourly basis. But the small holding farm owners i.e. generally
having land less than 2 Acers generally do not require the full-featured combine harvesters. Due
to financial or transportation reasons these combine harvesters are not available in all parts of
rural area. Thus, there is a need for a smaller and efficient combine harvester which would be
considerably cheaper and also more accessible.

The mission is to create a portable, low cost mini harvester and user-friendly. These problems
gave us the basic idea about what was required in the current situation. The idea was to create a
machine which will reduce the labour required to harvest crops and which is cheap. This
machine has the capability and the economic value for fulfilling the needs of farmers having
small land holdings which is less than 2 acres. This machine is cost effective and also easy to
maintain and repair for farmers.

Today, India ranks second among other countries across the world in farm output. Agriculture
and allied sectors like fisheries and forestry accounted for 13.7% of the GDP in 2013, about 50%
of the workforce. The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is decreasing steadily
with the country's broad-based economic growth. According to WHO (world health
organisation), Slow agricultural growth is a interest for policymakers as 2/3 of India’s people
depend on rural employment for a living.Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. In India
agriculture has facing serious challenges like scarcity of agricultural labour in peak working
seasons of farming but also in normal time of working.

In the country like India where the main source of income is agriculture. Needs to concentrate in
some aspects like how to increase productivity and profit, how to reduce cost and how to solve
and ease the problems of workers. To overcome this a new manually operated cutter is fabricated
for cutting of multiple types of crop during harvesting and named as „Multi Crop Cutter‟. It
possesses four criterion ease in manufacturing, ease in handling, low cost and light weight. There
are some procedures involved in fabrication of this device such as fabricating prototypes,
material & component selection, etc. Today, India ranks second among other countries across the
globe in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for
13.7% of the GDP in 2013, about 50% of the workforce.

The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily decreasing with the country's
broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is a demographically broad economic sector and
plays a important role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India. According to WHO, Slow
agricultural growth is a interest for policymakers as two-thirds of India‟s people depend on rural
employment for a living.

The agricultural practices which are currently employed are neither economically nor
environmentally sustainable and India's yields for many agricultural material are comparatively
low. Improperly maintained irrigation systems and almost universal lack of good extension
services are among the factors responsible. Farmers' access to markets is hampered by poor
roads, rudimentary market infrastructure, and excessive regulation
COMPONENTS REQUIRED

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 Petrol Engine

Working of Petrol Engine

When the piston reaches the top of the cylinder, the sparking plug (yellow) fires. Power:
The spark ignites the fuel-air mixture causing a mini explosion. The fuel burns
immediately, giving off hot gas that pushes the piston back down. The energy released by
the fuel is now powering the crankshaft.

Before knowing about how the Petrol Engine works, let's first understand what is an
engine. This is common for both petrol and diesel engines alike. An engine is a power
generating machine which converts potential energy of the fuel into heat energy and then
into motion. It produces power and also runs on its own power.

1. The suction of air (also known as breathing or aspiration).

2. Mixing of the fuel with air after breaking the liquid fuel into highly atomised / mist form.
3. Igniting the air-fuel mixture either with a spark (petrol engine) or by self-ignition after
raising the temperature of the air by compressing it (diesel engine).
4. Burning of highly atomized fuel particles which results in releasing / ejection of heat
energy.

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 Figure 1

The engine converts Heat Energy into Kinetic Energy in the form of ‘Reciprocating Motion’.
The expansion of heated gases and their forces act on the engine pistons. The gases push the
pistons downwards which results in reciprocating motion of pistons.

This motion of the piston enables the crank-shaft to rotate. Thus, it finally converts the
reciprocating motion into the 'Rotary motion' and passes on to wheels.

The Four-Stroke petrol engine works on the following cycle which includes –

1. Suction Stroke – With pistons moving downwards and the opening of the inlet valve
creates the suction of air-fuel mixture.

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 Figure 2

2. Compression Stroke – With the closing of Inlet valve, it closes the area above the
piston. The piston moves up resulting in compression of the air-fuel mixture in a confined space.

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 Figure 3
Combustion Process - At this stage, the spark-plug fires the spark which results in instantaneous
burning of petrol causing in an explosion. This causes heat to release which generates expanding
forces known as power.

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 Figure 4
3.  Power Stroke – Furthermore, these forces again push the pistons downwards resulting
in their reciprocating motion.

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 Figure 5

4. Exhaust Stroke – On their way up, the pistons push the exhaust gases above them thru’
the exhaust valve which opens during the exhaust stroke.

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 Figure 6

 Cutting Blade

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 This machine is compact and can cut multi crops at a time. It has cutting blades
which cut the crop in a scissoring type of motion. ... A collecting mechanism is provided for
the collection of crops to one side of it after cutting. The pulley arrangement is to provide
power to this mechanism.

Figure 7

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 Power Transmitter

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Figure 3

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  Battery

Lead acid batteries used in the RV and Marine Industries usually consist of two 6-volt batteries
in series, or a single 12-volt battery. These batteries are constructed of several single cells
connected in series each cell produces approximately 2.1 volts. A six-volt battery has three single
cells, which when fully charged produce an output voltage of 6.3 volts. A twelve-volt battery has
six single cells in series producing a fully charged output voltage of 12.6 volts.

A battery cell consists of two lead plates a positive plate covered with a paste of lead dioxide and
a negative made of sponge lead, with an insulating material (separator) in between. The plates
are enclosed in a plastic battery case and then submersed in an electrolyte consisting of water and
sulfuric acid . Each cell is capable of storing 2.1 volts.In order for lead acid cell to produce a
voltage, it must first receive a (forming) charge voltage of at least 2.1-volts/cell from a charger.
Lead acid batteries do not generate voltage on their own; they only store a charge from another
source. This is the reason lead acid batteries are called storage batteries, because they only store
a charge. The size of the battery plates and amount of electrolyte determines the amount of
charge lead acid batteries can store. The size of this storage capacity is described as the amp hour
(AH) rating of a battery. A typical 12-volt battery used in a RV or marine craft has a rating 125
AH, which means it can supply 10 amps of current for 12.5 hours or 20-amps of current for a
period of 6.25 hours. Lead acid batteries can be connected in parallel to increase the total AH
capacity.

a fully charged battery is connected to a load (light bulb) and the chemical reaction between
sulfuric acid and the lead plates produces the electricity to light the bulb. This chemical reaction
also begins to coat both positive and negative plates with a substance called lead sulfate also
known as sulfation (shown as a yellow build-up on plates). This build-up of lead sulfate is
normal during a discharge cycle. As the battery continues to discharge, lead sulfate coats more
and more of the plates and battery voltage begins to decrease from fully charged state of 12.6-
volts Lead sulfate (sulfation) now coats most of the battery plates. Lead sulfate is a soft
material, which can is reconverted back into lead and sulfuric acid, provided the discharged
battery is immediately connected to a battery charger. If a lead acid battery is not immediately
recharged, the lead sulfate will begin to form hard crystals, which can not be reconverted by a
standard fixed voltage (13.6 volts) battery converter/charger.

15
Figure 4

16
The most important thing to understand about recharging lead acid batteries is that a
converter/charger with a single fixed output voltage will not properly recharge or maintain your
battery. Proper recharging and maintenance requires an intelligent charging system that can vary
the charging voltage based on the state of charge and use of your RV or Marine battery.
Progressive Dynamics has developed intelligent charging systems that solve battery problems
and reduce battery maintenance.

The discharged battery shown in figure # 6 on the next page is connected to a converter/charger
with its output voltage set at 13.6-volts. In order to recharge a 12-volt lead acid battery with a
fully charged terminal voltage of 12.6-volts, the charger voltage must be set at a higher voltage.
Most converter/chargers on the market are set at approximately 13.6-volts. During the battery
recharge cycle lead sulfate (sulfation) begins to reconvert to lead and sulfuric acid.

During the recharging process as electricity flows through the water portion of the
electrolyte and water, (H2O) is converted into its original elements, hydrogen and
oxygen. These gasses are very flammable and the reason your RV or Marine batteries
must be vented outside. Gassing causes water loss and therefore lead acid batteries need
to have water added periodically. Sealed lead acid batteries contain most of these gasses
allowing them to recombine into the electrolyte. If the battery is overcharged pressure
from these gasses will cause relief caps to open and vent, resulting in some water loss.
Most sealed batteries have extra electrolyte added during the manufacturing process to
compensate for some water loss.

Battery Basics

How Do Lead Acid Batteries Work?

Lead Acid batteries have changed little since the 1880's although improvements in
materials and manufacturing methods continue to bring improvements in energy
density, life and reliability. All lead acid batteries consist of flat lead plates immersed in
a pool of electrolyte. Regular water addition is required for most types of lead acid
batteries although low-maintenance types come with excess electrolyte calculated to
compensate for water loss during a normal lifetime.

Battery Construction
17
Lead acid batteries used in the RV and Marine Industries usually consist of two 6-volt
batteries in series, or a single 12-volt battery. These batteries are constructed of several single
cells connected in series each cell produces approximately 2.1 volts. A six-volt battery has
three single cells, which when fully charged produce an output voltage of 6.3 volts. A twelve-
volt battery has six single cells in series producing a fully charged output voltage of 12.6
volts.

A battery cell consists of two lead plates a positive plate covered with a paste of lead dioxide
and a negative made of sponge lead, with an insulating material (separator) in between. The
plates are enclosed in a plastic battery case and then submersed in an electrolyte consisting of
water and sulfuric acid (see figure # 1). Each cell is capable of storing 2.1 volts.

In order for lead acid cell to produce a voltage, it must first receive a (forming) charge voltage
of at least 2.1-volts/cell from a charger. Lead acid batteries do not generate voltage on their
own; they only store a charge from another source. This is the reason lead acid batteries are
called storage batteries, because they only store a charge. The size of the battery plates and
amount of electrolyte determines the amount of charge lead acid batteries can store. The size
of this storage capacity is described as the amp hour (AH) rating of a battery. A typical 12-
volt battery used in a RV or marine craft has a rating 125 AH, which means it can supply 10
amps of current for 12.5 hours or 20-amps of current for a period of 6.25 hours. Lead acid
batteries can be connected in parallel to increase the total AH capacity.

In figure # 2 below, six single 2.1-volt cells have been connected in series to make the typical
12-volt battery, which when fully charged will produce a total voltage of 12.6-volts.

Lead Acid Battery Discharge Cycle

above a fully charged battery is connected to a load (light bulb) and the chemical reaction
between sulfuric acid and the lead plates produces the electricity to light the bulb. This
chemical reaction also begins to coat both positive and negative plates with a substance
called lead sulfate also known as sulfation (shown as a yellow build-up on plates). This
build-up of lead sulfate is normal during a discharge cycle. As the battery continues to
discharge, lead sulfate coats more and more of the plates and battery voltage begins to
decrease from fully charged state of 12.6-volts (figure # 4).

In figure # 5 the battery is now fully discharged, the plates are almost completely covered
with lead sulfate (sulfation) and voltage has dropped to 10.5-volts.

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NOTE: Discharging a lead acid battery below 10.5 volts will severely damage it!

Lead sulfate (sulfation) now coats most of the battery plates. Lead sulfate s a soft material,
which can is reconverted back into lead and sulfuric acid, provided the discharged battery is
immediately connected to a battery charger. If a lead acid battery is not immediately
recharged, the lead sulfate will begin to form hard crystals, which can not be reconverted by a
standard fixed voltage (13.6 volts) battery converter/charger.

NOTE: Always recharge your RV or Marine battery as soon as possible to prevent loss of

battery capacity due to the build-up of hard lead sulfate crystals!

Lead Acid Battery Recharge Cycle

The most important thing to understand about recharging lead acid batteries is that a
converter/charger with a single fixed output voltage will not properly recharge or maintain
your battery. Proper recharging and maintenance requires an intelligent charging system that
can vary the charging voltage based on the state of charge and use of your RV or Marine
battery. Progressive Dynamics has developed intelligent charging systems that solve battery
problems and reduce battery maintenance.

The discharged battery shown in figure # 6 on the next page is connected to a

converter/charger with its output voltage set at 13.6-volts. In order to recharge a 12-volt lead
acid battery with a fully charged terminal voltage of 12.6-volts, the charger voltage must be
set at a higher voltage. Most converter/chargers on the market are set at approximately 13.6-
volts. During the battery recharge cycle lead sulfate (sulfation) begins to reconvert to lead
and sulfuric acid.

During the recharging process as electricity flows through the water portion of the electrolyte
and water, (H2O) is converted into its original elements, hydrogen and oxygen. These gasses
are very flammable and the reason your RV or Marine batteries must be vented outside.

19
Gassing causes water loss and therefore lead acid batteries need to have water added
periodically. Sealed lead acid batteries contain most of these gasses allowing them to
recombine into the electrolyte. If the battery is overcharged pressure from these gasses will
cause relief caps to open and vent, resulting in some water loss. Most sealed batteries have
extra electrolyte added during the manufacturing process to compensate for some water loss.

The battery shown in figure # 7 above has been fully recharged using a fixed charging voltage
of 13.6-volts. Notice that some lead sulfate (sulfation) still remains on the plates. This build-
up will continue after each recharging cycle and gradually the battery will begin to loose
capacity to store a full charge and eventually must be replaced. Lead sulfate build up is
reduced if battery is given an Equalizing Charge once every 10 discharge cycles or at least
once a month. An Equalizing Chargeincreases charging voltage to 14.4 volts or higher for a
short period. This higher voltage causes gassing that equalizes (re-mixes) the electrolyte
solution.

Since most RV and Marine craft owners seldom remember to perform this function,
Progressive Dynamics has developed the microprocessor controlled Charge Wizard. The
Charge Wizard will automatically provide an Equalizing Charge every 21 hours for a period
of 15 minutes, when the battery is fully charged and not in use. Our 2000 Series of Marine
Battery Chargers have the Charge Wizard feature built-in.

One disadvantage of recharging a lead acid battery at a fixed voltage of 13.6-volts is the
recharge time is very long. A typical 125-AH RV or Marine battery will take approximately
80 hours to recharge at 13.6 volts. Increasing the charge voltage to 14.4-volts will reduce
battery recharge time for a 125-AH battery to 3-4 hours. Once a battery reaches 90% of full
charge, thevoltage must be reduced from 14.4-volts to 13.6-volts to reduce gassing and
water loss. The optional Charge Wizardautomatically senses when a battery has a very low
state of charge and automatically selects its BOOST MODE of operation. BOOST
MODE increases the voltage of a PD9100 Series converter/charger to 14.4 volts. When the
battery reaches the 90% charge level, the Charge Wizard automatically reduces the charge
voltage down to 13.6 volts to complete the charge. Again, this is a standard feature on our
Marine Chargers.

Another disadvantage of recharging a lead acid battery at a fixed voltage of 13.6-volts is that
once it is fully charged, 13.6 volts will cause considerable gassing and water loss. To prevent
this from occurring the charging voltage must be reduced to 13.2-volts. The Charge Wizard

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will automatically select its STORAGE MODE of operation (13.2-volts) once the battery
reaches full charge and remains unused for a period of 30 hours. This feature is standard on all
of Progressive Dynamics Marine Battery Chargers.

At a charging voltage of 13.2 volts, the converter/charger will maintain a full charge, reduce
gassing and water loss. However, this lower voltage does not provide enough gassing to
prevent a battery condition called Battery Stratification. Battery Stratification is caused by
the fact that the electrolyte in the battery is a mixture of water and acid and, like all mixtures,
one component, the acid, is heavier than water. Therefore, acid will begin to settle and
concentrate at the bottom of the battery

Battery Basics

How Do Lead Acid Batteries Work?

Lead Acid batteries have changed little since the 1880's although improvements in materials
and manufacturing methods continue to bring improvements in energy density, life and
reliability. All lead acid batteries consist of flat lead plates immersed in a pool of electrolyte.
Regular water addition is required for most types of lead acid batteries although low-
maintenance types come with excess electrolyte calculated to compensate for water loss
during a normal lifetime.

Battery Construction

Lead acid batteries used in the RV and Marine Industries usually consist of two 6-volt
batteries in series, or a single 12-volt battery. These batteries are constructed of several single
cells connected in series each cell produces approximately 2.1 volts. A six-volt battery has
three single cells, which when fully charged produce an output voltage of 6.3 volts. A twelve-
volt battery has six single cells in series producing a fully charged output voltage of 12.6
volts.

21
A battery cell consists of two lead plates a positive plate covered with a paste of lead dioxide
and a negative made of sponge lead, with an insulating material (separator) in between. The
plates are enclosed in a plastic battery case and then submersed in an electrolyte consisting of
water and sulfuric acid (see figure # 1). Each cell is capable of storing 2.1 volts.

In order for lead acid cell to produce a voltage, it must first receive a (forming) charge voltage
of at least 2.1-volts/cell from a charger. Lead acid batteries do not generate voltage on their
own; they only store a charge from another source. This is the reason lead acid batteries are
called storage batteries, because they only store a charge. The size of the battery plates and
amount of electrolyte determines the amount of charge lead acid batteries can store. The size
of this storage capacity is described as the amp hour (AH) rating of a battery. A typical 12-
volt battery used in a RV or marine craft has a rating 125 AH, which means it can supply 10
amps of current for 12.5 hours or 20-amps of current for a period of 6.25 hours. Lead acid
batteries can be connected in parallel to increase the total AH capacity.

below, six single 2.1-volt cells have been connected in series to make the typical 12-volt
battery, which when fully charged will produce a total voltage of 12.6-volts.

Lead Acid Battery Discharge Cycle

above a fully charged battery is connected to a load (light bulb) and the chemical reaction
between sulfuric acid and the lead plates produces the electricity to light the bulb. This
chemical reaction also begins to coat both positive and negative plates with a substance
called lead sulfate also known as sulfation (shown as a yellow build-up on plates). This
build-up of lead sulfate is normal during a discharge cycle. As the battery continues to
discharge, lead sulfate coats more and more of the plates and battery voltage begins to
decrease from fully charged state of 12.6-volts (figure # 4).

the battery is now fully discharged, the plates are almost completely covered with lead sulfate
(sulfation) and voltage has dropped to 10.5-volts.

NOTE: Discharging a lead acid battery below 10.5 volts will severely damage it!

22
 Lead sulfate (sulfation) now coats most of the battery plates. Lead sulfate is a soft material,
which can is reconverted back into lead and sulfuric acid, provided the discharged battery is
immediately connected to a battery charger. If a lead acid battery is not immediately
recharged, the lead sulfate will begin to form hard crystals, which can not be reconverted by a
standard fixed voltage (13.6 volts) battery converter/charge

Assessment of virtual prototype

Our team‘s main purpose is to help for those farmers which cannot buy big agriculture
equipments or we can say that the farmers which do not have more than 5 acres land.So have
tried our best level to make more and more flexible and convnient to help the farmers.

Approximate Cost - Rs-18000/-

Work Place - University workshop and Workshop at home.

MINI HARVESTER
Aim of this project is to design and develop small scale low cost compact harvester which reduce
the overall cost of grain harvesting in the form of labour cost and harvesting cost.
 To provide proper utilization of wastage which is useful for cattle.
 To reduce overall harvesting time as that of traditional harvesting time.

The manufacturing process used in the fabrication of multicrop cutter machine is such that the
total cost of fabrication is low and also one that can make use of the available materials. The
manufacturing process involved in this work includes, joining of metal parts by welding, cutting
using hacksaw and hand cutting machine. Each component of the machine is fabricated
separately before they are joined or welded together as the case may be. As the requirement for
grains is increasing is day by day, therefore the target was to create the machine which is
affordable to each and every farmer, which is cheaper, efficient and will reduce the total
harvesting cost.

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The objective of this project is to design and fabricate a low cost multi crop cutting machine
based on the need of farmers.

• To minimize time of harvesting

• To minimize the human effort.

DESIGN
The design is based on the requirement and demand for compact efficient and affordable
harvester. This demand could be seen only with interaction with farmers of having land less than
5 acres.We also found that there is essential to have small scale harvester with each farmers for
reducing there harvesting cost.

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Images of components used in project

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ADVANTAGES
Mini Harvester have several important advantages.

1. Additional grain obtained: Mechanized harvesting eliminates grain loss during manual
cutting of the crop, tying the crop for carrying, transporting the harvest and from
incomplete threshing. A 5% to 10% increased yield has been demonstrated.
2. Time savings in the field: Our combine harvester can harvest and thresh one acre of land
in one hour. The manual method would require 12 people, one full day to perform the
same task, excluding threshing.
3. Reduced time to market: The manual method requires a separate step for threshing, which
adds multiple days, and another day or two for cleaning. Thus the time from crop cutting
to market ready is a week or more for the manual method as compared to an hour or so
per acre for the combine harvester process.
4. Cleaner grain: the mechanized harvesting produces cleaner grain as compared to the
manual process, for which the market often is willing to pay a premium.
5. Reduced net cost: the mechanized harvesting can be priced to be lower than the cost of
manual harvesting.
6. They allowed big farmers to rapidly clear large tracts, breakup the soil, remove the grass
and prepare the ground for cultivation.
7. These machines reduced dependence on labour and increased efficiency. With power
driven machinery four men could plough, seed and harvest 2,000 to 4,000 acres of wheat
in a season
8.  The machines helped increase production by bringing virgin land under cultivation, to
meet the growing demands of urban dwellers and the export market.

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DISADVANTAGES
 In discretionary use of machines ruined the entire landscape resulting in ecological disbalance.
Periods of plenty were followed by droughts. Ordinary dust storms became black blizzards. The
American dream of land of plenty turned into a nightmare.

 Many farmers who bought machines on loans, thinking the boom would last, faced hard times
once the boom ended by 1920s. They faced difficulty in paying back lo Some were driven to take
the extreme step of abandoning farms.

Poor labourers had to face the loss of jobs and starvation because single machine could do the
work of scores of labourers.

The expansion of wheat agriculture also led to the Dust Bowl

It needs proper maintenance to work smoothly.There is need of different tools to cut different
crops.

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 CONCLUSION
1. The Combined reaper and colleting machine is built to be compact and efficient to cut the
crops. The machine was tested on a field to check its cutting capability and efficiency.
2. The harvesters available in market are suitable for large farms, so this can be the best
machine for the farmers with small land. The success of this machine depends on how the
farmers receive this machine as their ally.
3. There are some changes that need to be done on the machine and a final product is to be
taken out for sell.
4. From this work the following conclusions were drawn for the work to be in lacer area
without a multi crop cutter or manually, whereas by using a multi crop cutter we can
complete the same work in the same area (1acer) with only one labor. The samethroughout
the day, as man get strained, whereas a machine cannot.

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