LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No.

5
Quarter 4

Name of Student: ___________________________________ Section: ________________

Learning Area/Grade Level: Mathematics/Grade 8 Date: __________________

INTRODUCTION

Wherever we go, we can see lines. It could be in a writing pad, in railroad,

in sidewalks, or even in our clothes. There are different types of lines, some of which are
parallel and perpendicular lines. In this learning activity sheet, you will know the different
conditions under which lines and segments are parallel or perpendicular.

LEARNING SKILL FROM THE MELCs

After going through this activity sheet, you are expected to determine the
conditions under which lines and segments are parallel or perpendicular. (M8GE-IVe-1)

ACTIVITIES

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: CAN YOU SEE ME?

For Figure 1:
1. Can you see straight lines in the picture
at the right?
2. Do these lines meet/intersect?
3. Are these lines parallel? Why?

For Figure 2:
4. Are the segments on the faces of the prism below parallel? Why?
5. Can you describe what parallel lines are?
6. What can you say about the edges of the prism?
7. Are these lines perpendicular? Why?
8. Can you describe what perpendicular lines are?
 PARALLEL LINES

Parallel lines are always the same distance apart, which is referred to as
being "equidistant". Parallel lines will always be straight lines that go on indefinitely.
The parallel lines may be horizontal, vertical or slanted.

Parallel lines are marked with "feathers"

(arrows) such as > or >>.

The notation to indicate parallel lines are two

vertical bars | |.
Line a being parallel to line b is written as a | | b.
Line m being parallel to line n is written as m | | n.

Two lines are parallel if and only if they lie in the same plane and do not
intersect. Parallel lines never cross.

Segments may also be described as being parallel when the lines containing
these segments are also parallel.

PERPENDICULARITY

Two lines that intersect to form right angles are said to be

perpendicular.

A perpendicular bisector of a line segment is a line

or a ray or another line segment that is
perpendicular to the line segment and intersect it at
its midpoint.
Perpendicular bisector
𝑃𝑆 ≅ 𝑆𝑄
The distance between two parallel line is the
perpendicular distance between one of the lines
and any point on the other line.

The notation to indicate perpendicular lines is

the symbol means “is perpendicular to”.

Perpendicular distance between the parallel lines l and m

To prove that two lines are perpendicular, you must show
that one of the following theorems is true.

If two lines are perpendicular to each

other, then they form right angles.

If l m, then ∠ 1, ∠2, ∠3, and

∠ 4 are right angles.

If the angles in the linear pair are

congruent, then the lines containing their
sides are perpendicular.

If 1 and 2 form a linear pair

and ∠1≅∠2, then 𝑳𝟏 ⊥ 𝑳𝟐

If the angles are adjacent and

complementary, the non-common sides
are perpendicular.

If 1 and 2 are complementary

and adjacent, then BA ⊥ BC

Segments may also be described as being perpendicular when the lines containing these
segments are also perpendicular.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2

Refer to the given figure and conditions

in answering the succeeding questions by YES or a NO.
Tick (/) the box of your answer.

Given:
MI IL
SE EL
m SEI = 90°

YES NO
1. Is ML ⊥ IS?
2. Is MS ⊥ SL?
3. The perpendicular bisector of ML is IE?
4. Are ∠MSI and ∠ISL complementary angles?
 5. Are ∠MIS and ∠SIE complementary angles? 3. Yes, they are 6. Yes 6. Perpendicular
parallel. They do 7. Yes distance
6. Is IE perpendicular to SL? not meet or 8. Yes 7. AX | | YO or
7. Do ∠MIS and ∠SIL form a linear pair? intersect. 9. No AB | | YT
4. Some are parallel, 10. Yes 8. Perpendicular
8. Is the m∠ MIS = 90°? some aren’t. distance
5. Parallel lines are 9. No
9. Is SI shorter than SE? lines that do not 10. No
10. Is SE shorter than SI? intersect.
6. Answers may vary.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 7. Yes. It forms right
angle.
8. Perpendicular lines
A. Allan works as a designer in a Geo Company.
are lines that
He is assigned to design a new toy box.
intersect and
The shape of the new box is half the cube
formed right
as shown at the right. Identify each pair of
angles.
edges as perpendicular or parallel.
1. AX and BX
2. AB and YT
REFERENCES
3. YO and TO
• Oronce, Orlando A et Al. (2010). e-math Geometry
4. BT and XO
• Abuzo, E. P et Al. (2013) Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module. Book Media Press, Inc.
5. XO and YO • Google images
• Properties of Parallel Lines |What are Parallel Lines?|Conditions of Parallelism (math-only-
B. Answer the following. math.com)
6. If BX | | TO, what do you call XO? • Parallel and Perpendicular Definitions – MathBitsNotebook (Geo - CCSS Math)
• https://www.homeschoolmath.net/teaching/g/parallel_and_perpendicular.php
7. If AY is the perpendicular distance, which lines are parallel?
8. If AY | | BT, what do you call AB?
DEVELOPMENT TEAM
9. Is OY YT?
Writer: Jeffrey D. Togňi – Ragay Science and Math Oriented HS
10. Is XB | | AX?
Management Team/
Reviewers: Enrico M. Ocbian – Pinamasagan HS
RUBRIC FOR SCORING Ivy C. Sugay – Barcelonita Fisheries School
Maria Perpetua D. Perez – Calabanga National HS
Learning Activity 1 Learning Activity 2 Learning Activity 3 Magelende Luisa N. Falabi-Pacay – Milaor National HS
One (1) point for every correct answer. Editor: Paterno P. Mapula, Jr. – Bolo Norte HS

Lay-out Artist: Jeffrey D. Togňi – Ragay Science and Math Oriented HS

ANSWER KEY
Validators: Victorio C. Maldicas – V. Bagasina Sr. Memorial HS
Maria Fatima B. Sesor – Sipocot National HS
Learning Activity 1 Learning Activity 2 Learning Activity 3
Maricar A. Jacob – Nabua National HS
1. Yes 1. Yes 1. Perpendicular
Maria Sweetcel C. Nacario – Ocampo National HS
2. Some lines met 2. No 2. Parallel
while some don’t 3. No 3. Perpendicular
intersect. 4. No 4. Parallel
5. No 5. Perpendicular