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Understanding The Self

The document summarizes different philosophers' conceptions of "self", including: 1) Socrates viewed the self as composed of body and soul, and that truly knowing oneself and living virtuously is important. 2) Plato saw the self as having three parts - the rational, spirited, and appetitive soul - which must work harmoniously. 3) Augustine divided the self into body and soul, with the soul living on after death according to God's will. 4) Descartes defined the self through cogito ergo sum, seeing identity as coming from the mind through self-conscious thought. 5) Hume saw the self as a bundle or combination of experiences

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Lynireca Rica Valles Lovete
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182 views3 pages

Understanding The Self

The document summarizes different philosophers' conceptions of "self", including: 1) Socrates viewed the self as composed of body and soul, and that truly knowing oneself and living virtuously is important. 2) Plato saw the self as having three parts - the rational, spirited, and appetitive soul - which must work harmoniously. 3) Augustine divided the self into body and soul, with the soul living on after death according to God's will. 4) Descartes defined the self through cogito ergo sum, seeing identity as coming from the mind through self-conscious thought. 5) Hume saw the self as a bundle or combination of experiences

Uploaded by

Lynireca Rica Valles Lovete
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lynireca Rica Lovete BSCA – 1

Holy Cross of Davao College, Inc. April 15, 2019


Mr. Kim L. Sanico, MPSY, IOPSY Rating:

APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT


In your own words, state what “self” is for each of the following philosophers.
After doing so, explain how your concept of “self” is compatible with how they conceived
of the “self”.

1. Socrates
According to Socrates, he explains that the self is composed of body and soul and it
is the main aspect of a human. He further concludes that when we were not really
knowing and understanding our self and the virtues to attain to be accepted in the
will of God, so we are not worth living for. It is just like living without a purpose. And
this philosophy shows that in living the life, you need to live your life to the fullest like
you need to experience everything while you are alive in this-called world. Because
with those experiences we can learn something about it. It is just like living with a
purpose.

2. Plato
According to Plato, the self is composed of three components of the soul; the
rational, spirited and appetitive soul. And this soul would work harmoniously with
each other to attain the justice of a human person. This philosophy relates that in
every aspects of life, before you make a move you’ll have to think and reflect in
everything you do before giving decision in certain things. And also, these three
aspects of souls would coincide in order life a happier and a better life in this world.

3. Augustine
He states that the self is divided into two parts, which is the body and the soul. And
the body only vanishes in the Earth while in after death, the soul will ascend in
accordance to the will of God remains forever. We, humans came from dust so we
will end into dust too. While we are alive we need to do the right or good things and
have a strong connection with God because he is the way, the truth and the light.
Yet, the body is just a physical self and our soul will remain to an everlasting life and
that makes us human.

4. Descartes
He explains that the self as the cogito ergo sum that means our identity comes in our
mind. Being self-conscious in this way is integral to having a personal identity.  In
relation of the self n accordance to Descartes, the self is considered based on what we think. When we
think, we doubted and skeptical in some things especially to the things that we ought to know and
thus, thinking outside of the box and being self-conscious is the way that you could attain your true
self.

5. Hume
He explains that the self is simply a whole combination of experiences, with the
bundle of impression and ideas in our mind. And the self is not a single core or
identity. But it composed to different elements to contain as a whole. As this
philosophy relates in life, this shows that we can find our true self with our combined
experiences in life. In terms of impressions, of what we experience and ideas that is
extension the impressions.

6. Kant
According to him, we all have an inner and an outer self which together form our
consciousness. The inner self is comprised of our psychological state and our
rational intellect. The outer self includes our sense and the physical world. In relation
to this, the self contains the physical aspects of self of what we are and the inner
self, that talks about the attitude of who we are and what truly we are portraying.

7. Ryle
He believed that self comes from our behavior that a person manifest and portray in
everyday life. We're all just a bundle of behaviors caused by the physical workings of
the body. And he points out that the mind and the body are isolated and the mind
itself is an intellectual act. In philosophy of Ryle, what attitude and virtue that we
possess in our self, makes us distinct from each other and makes our own identity.
8. Merleau-Ponty
This work asserts that self and perception are encompassed in a physical body. The
physical body is part of self. He states that the body and mind are so intertwined and
cannot be separated with each other. And the experiences, thoughts and emotions
are all in one. In his philosophy, he relates the self as a whole and that what makes
a person on his/her identity.

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