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Sec 2 Notes-Unit 10 Lesson 4-Inverse Matrices

SM2 Inverse Matrices lesson

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30 views2 pages

Sec 2 Notes-Unit 10 Lesson 4-Inverse Matrices

SM2 Inverse Matrices lesson

Uploaded by

jason Owens
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NOTES

Unit 10 Beyond Thunderdome ... Er, Quadratics Name: ________________________________

Lesson 4 More with Matrices Period: __________ Date: ________________

Summarize what we learned about identity matrices in the Warm-Up:

Think about an equation such as 6𝑥 = 33 and ways we can solve it. Now think about how we
represent systems of equations with matrices. An entire system can be written as (for example):

−1 2 𝑥 −7
𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵 where 𝐴 = [ ], 𝑋 = [𝑦], and 𝐵 = [ ]
−3 4 −11

It’d be really handy to solve 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵 the same way we’d solve 6𝑥 = 33. There’s no real concept of
matrix division, but we can get a multiplicative inverse. First, we need to be able to calculate
something called the determinant of matrix A.

Determinant of a 𝟐 × 𝟐 Matrix

|𝑨| = |𝒂 𝒃
|=
𝒄 𝒅

So the determinant of our sample matrix above is:

If the determinant is zero, the matrix doesn’t have an inverse. (We’ll see why below.)

Now, for finding the inverse itself.

Inverse of a 𝟐 × 𝟐 Matrix

𝟏 𝒅 −𝒃
𝑨−𝟏 = [ ]
|𝑨| −𝒄 𝒂

So the inverse of our sample matrix above is:


NOTES
Find the product 𝐴 𝐴 and see what happens. Why is this useful?
−1

So we can solve the system of equations using the inverse matrix as follows:

• Set up system as 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵
• Find 𝐴−1
• Calculate 𝐴−1 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵
• Solution is 𝐼𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵

This also works for systems in more variables, but finding the inverse for larger square matrices is
cumbersome by hand. Fortunately, technology makes it a lot easier. (Yes, we could likewise do the
2 × 2 matrix this way but it’s important to understand the basic concept the “old-fashioned” way.)

Finding Determinants Finding Inverses

Solving Systems

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