Final Exam

English For Nursing

Di Susun Oleh:

ADINDA MUTHIAH ISHARTONO

(08210100056)

PROGRAM STUDI S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

 SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN INDONESIA MAJU

Jln. Harapan No.5 Lenteng Agung Jakarta Selatan 12610Telp. (021) 78889496,

Final Exam
English For Nursing
STIKIM & STIKOM

Berikanlah keterangan apakah kalimat ini nomimal atau verbal dan artikanlah juga kalimat dibawah ini !

1. We did the test yesterday. (verbal – kami mengerjakan ujian kemarin)

2. This book is interesting. (nominal – buku ini menarik)

3. I am really handsome. (nominal – saya sungguh tampan)

4. My mom has cooked fried chicken. (verbal – ibu saya sudah memasak ayam goreng)

5. I have been here since 3 hours ago. (nominal – saya sudah di sini sejak 3 jam yang lalu)

6. My brother has not been at the market (nominal – saudara laki-laki saya belum pernah ke
pasar)

7. She will study hard. (verbal – dia (perempuan) akan belajar dengan keras)

8. Agung went to Thailand last week. (verbal – agung pergi ke Thailand minggu lalu)

9. They haven’t read those books. (verbal – mereka belum membaca buku-buku itu)

10. I was busy last night. (verbal – saya sedang sibuk tadi malam)

11. sun rises from the east (verbal – matahari terbit dari timur)

12. I have already eaten. (verbal – saya sudah makan)

13. Mary is very clever. (nominal – mary sangat pintar/cerdas)

Number 14 – 25 The Human Body ( Vocabulary )

Look at the picture of the boy below and use the word at the bottom of the page to help you label the
different parts of the body.

14. ear 21. nose

15. eye 22. shoulder
16. mouth 23. arm
17. elbow 24. leg
18. hand 25. foot
19. knee
20. hair
21. nose
22. shoulder
23. arm

Hair Eye Leg Hand Arm Nose

Mouth Shoulder Ear Knee Elbow Foot

Awake and alert take off

Critical Right now

Immobilize repeat

Find the synonyms of the underlined words. Choose the synonyms on the lists.

26. The next step is to remove the pads from his chest. (take off)

27. Make sure you keep her head still. If not, you may injure her spine.(cititical)
28. The patient needs treatment immediately, unless she will die soon. (right now)

29. If the therapy is not successful, the patient must do it again. (repeat)

30. Her condition is serious, but it is not life-threatening. (critical)

D. Blood donation and transfusion

Transferring blood products from one person to another person is known as a transfusion. If
someone loses a lot of blood in an accident or during sugery, doctors can give them replacement blood that
has been donated. Blood cannot be manufactured, so blood from another human must be used. Only a small
number taken from the donor using a needle inserted into their arm. This blood is then kept cool and stored
until required by someone in need. The whole blood must be used before 42 days have passed, in which time
unused blood will be destroyed. Portions of the blood can be transfused as needed. Red blood cells, white
blood cells, platelets or the plasma can be separated out and transfused for certain medical conditions.

Even thought blood can be shared between a donor and a patient, the two must have compatible
blood types. There are four basic types of human blood; A, B, AB, and O. Type O can be given to any person,
no matter their blood type. But doctors must check a patient’s blood type before giving them donated blood
of any other type. Giving a patient the wrong blood type can cause illness or death. Blood has antigens
(proteins or sugars) attache to the outside of the blood cells. These antigens can set off a reaction if the
antigens are different than the patient’s antigens in a transfusion. The body’s immune system may attack the
new blood cells.

Blood is further identified as positive or negative based on something known as the Rh factor. So in
addition to having one of the four blood types, the positive or negative indicator applies too, leaving the
blood types to be: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB+, O+, or O-. There are sdditional factors of some blood that will
further impact a transfusion.

31. What is transfusion ?

Transferring blood products from one person to another person

32. How many types of basic blood group are there? What are they?

There are four basic types of human blood; A, B, AB, and O

33. What should the doctor do before doing blood transfusion?

Doctors must check a patient’s blood type before doing blood transfusion
34. What is antigen ?

Antigen is proteins or sugars attached to the outside of the blood cells. These antigens can set off a
reaction if the antigens are different than the patient’s antigens in a transfusion

35. What is Rh factor?

Rh factor is positive or negative indicator of the four basic human blood types, leaving the blood types to
be: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB+, O+, or O-.
 RANGKUMAN BUKU

“16 MENIT HAFAL TENSES”

Di Susun Oleh:

ADINDA MUTHIAH ISHARTONO

(08210100056)

Prodi: Ekstensi S1 Keperawatan

SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN INDONESIA MAJU

Jln. Harapan No.5 Lenteng Agung Jakarta Selatan 12610Telp. (021) 78889496,
78894045Fax. (021) 78894045
Tenses adalah sebuah kategori tata bahasa (grammar) yang menekankan pada
penggunaan kata kerja (verb) yang dikaitkan dengan waktu penggunaannya.
Dengan kata lain, tenses adalah pembedaan bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan
perbedaan waktu dan durasi suatu perbuatan atau kejadian.

A. PENGERTIAN TENSES
Tenses merupakan bagian dari grammar atau tata bahasa bahasa Inggris. Oleh karena
itu,kita wajib belajar tentang tenses. Jangan pandang enteng atau melihat tenses
sebelahmata karena tenses adalah salah satu kunci untuk mengetahui dan memperlancar
speaking Anda dengan baik dan benar. Dengan demikian, Anda harus sungguh-sungguh
belajar. Bukan hanya menghafal, tetapi mengerti dan memahami bagaimana tenses
bekerja

B. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple Present Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk:
 Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang terjadi saat ini.Contoh:I take headache medicine.
(Saya minum obat sakit kepala.)
 Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang biasa terjadi (habitual action)Contoh: Nurses look
after patients in hospitals every day. (Perawat-perawat itu merawat pasiendi rumah
sakit setiap hari.)
 Menyatakan kebenaran umum (general truth)Contoh:Water consists of hydrogen and
oxygen. (Air terdiri dari hidrogen dan oksigen.)

Pola Simple Present Tense

Ada dua jenis pola kalimat dalam Simple Present Tense, yaitu:

1. Kalimat verbalKalimat verbal adalah kalimat yang menggunakan kata kerja.

2. Kalimat nonverbal adalah kalimat yang tidak menggunakan kata kerja, tetapi
menggunakan: Kata sifat (adjective), Kata keterangan (adverb), Kata benda (noun)
Verbal Sentence:
 Positive Sentence→Subject + Verb 1 (s/es) + Object
Contoh;( + ) I go to clinic every week. (Saya pergi ke klinik tiap minggu.)
 Negative Sentence→Subject + Do/Does + Not + Verb 1 (s/es) + Object
 Contoh:( - ) I do not go to clinic every week. (Saya tidak pergi ke klinik setiap
minggu.)
 Interrogative Sentence→Do/Does + Subject + Verb 1 (s/es) + Object
Contoh:( ? ) Do I go to clinic every week? (Apakah saya pergi ke klinik tiap
minggu?)

Answer: Yes, you do./No, you do not.

Nonverbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence→Subject + is/am/are + Complement
Contoh:( + ) The scenary is beautiful. (Pemandangannya indah.) 
 Negative Sentence→Subject + is/am/are + Not + Complement
Contoh:( - ) The scenary is not beautiful. (Pemandangannya tidak indah.)
 Interrogative Sentence→is/am/are + Subject + Complement
Contoh:( ? ) Is the scenary beautiful? (Apakah pemandangannya indah?)

Answer: Yes, it is./No, it is not.

C. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Present Progressive Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk:
 Mengekspresikan aktivitas yang sedang terjadi.
My father is reading newspaper. (Ayahku sedang membaca Koran.)
 Mengekspresikan sesuatu yang akan atau tidak terjadi di waktu dekat.
I am meeting my old friends after work. (Saya bertemu teman lama saya
setelah bekerja.)
 Terkadang digunakan untuk mengatakan sebuah proses dari aktivitas yang
sedang berlangsung atau dilakukan.
I am studying to become a teacher. (Saya belajar untuk menjadi seorang guru.)
 Mengekspresikan sesuatu yang menjengkelkan yang terjadi berulang kali.
She is always coming late to class. (Dia selalu datang terlambat ke kelas.)

Pola Present Progressive Tense

 Positive Sentence→Subject + is/am/are + V-ing + Object

Contoh: ( + ) I am watching TV now. (Saya sedang menonton TV sekarang.) 
 Negative Sentence→Subject + is/am/are + Not + V-ing + Object
 Contoh:( - ) I am not (amn’t) watching TV now. (Saya tidak sedang menonton TV
sekarang.)
 Interrogative Sentence→is/am/are + Subject + V-ing + Object
Contoh:( ? ) Am I watching TV now? (Apakah saya sedang menonton TV
sekarang?)

Answer: Yes, you are./No, you are not.

D. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Present Perfect Tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk
menyatakansuatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut
sampaisekarang atau telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu tetapi
efeknyamasih berlanjut.
 Menyatakan suatu pengalaman (experience).
 Menyatakan suatu perubahan atau informasi terbaru (change and new information).
 Menyatakan suatu situasi yang berkelanjutan (continuing situation).

Dalam Present Perfect Tense selalu ada hubungan timbal balik dengan masa lampau
(past) dan masa sekarang (present). Pola Present Perfect Tense

Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence→Subject + has/have + Verb 3 + Object

Contoh:( + ) Budi has read the book. (Budi telah membaca buku ini.)
 Negative Sentence→Subject + has/have + not + Verb 3 + Object
Contoh:( - ) Budi has not read the book. (Budi belum membaca buku ini.)
 Interrogative Sentence→Has/have + Subject + Verb 3 + Object
Contoh:( ? ) Has Budi read the book? (Apakah Budi telah membaca buku ini?)

Answer: Yes, he has./No, he has not.

Nonverbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence→Subject + has/have + been + Complement

Contoh: ( + ) Charles has been back from school. (Charles telah kembali dari
sekolah.)
 Negative Sentence→Subject + has/have + not + been + Complement
 Contoh:( - ) Charles has not been back from school. (Charles belum kembali dari
sekolah.)
 Interrogative Sentence→Has/have + Subject + been + Complement
Contoh:( ? ) Has Charles been back from school? (Apakah Charles telah kembali
dari sekolah?)

Answer: Yes, he has./No, he has not.

E. PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Present Perfect Progressive Tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk
menyatakan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu atau aksi telah dimulai
dimasa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang.Pola Present Perfect Progressive Tense

Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence→Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing + Object

Contoh:( + ) My lovely parents have been loving to read book. (Orang tuaku yang
kusayangitelah sedang senang untuk membaca buku.)
 Negative Sentence→Subject + has/have + not + been + Verb-ing+ object
Contoh : ( - ) My lovely parents have not been loving to read book. (Orang tuaku
yang kusayangitelah tidak sedang senang membaca buku.)
 Interrogative Sentence→Has/have + Subject + been + Verb-ing + Object
 Contoh:( ? ) Have my lovely parents been loving to read book? (Sudahkah orang
tuaku yang paling ku sayangi telah sedang senang membaca buku?)

Answer: Yes, they have./No, they have not.

F. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple Past Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatukejadian
atau peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu.Pola Simple Past Tense

Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence→Subject + Verb 2 + Object

 Contoh: ( + ) We bought chocolates for them. (Kami membelikan cokelat untuk
mereka.)
 Negative Sentence→Subject + did + not + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh:( - ) We did not buy chocolates for them. (Kami tidak membelikan cokelat
untuk mereka.)
 Interrogative Sentence→Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh:( ? ) Did we buy chocolates for them? (Apakah kami membelikan cokelat
untuk mereka?)

Nonverbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence→Subject + was/were + Complement

Contoh:( + ) I was a student last year. (Saya adalah seorang siswa tahun lalu.)
 Negative Sentence→Subject + was/were + not + Complement
Contoh:( - ) I was not a student last year. (Saya bukan seorang siswa tahun lalu.)
 Interrogative Sentence→Was/were + Subject + Complement
Contoh:( ? ) Was I student last year? (Apakah saya adalah seorang siswa tahun
lalu?)

Answer: Yes, you were./No, you were not.

G. PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi
sedangterjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Aksi tersebut telah dimulai tetapi
belumselesai pada saat itu.

Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence : Subject + be (was/were) + V1-ing + Object

Example: (+) We were watching TV when he arrived
 Negative Sentence : Subject + be (was/were) + Not + V1-ing + Object
Example: (-) We were not watching TV when he arrived
 Interrogative Sentence : (Was were) + Subject + V1-ing + Object
Example: (?) Were we watching TV when he arrived?

H. PAST PERFECT TENSE

 Untuk menunjukkan suatu tindakan di masa lalu berkaitan dengan tindakan
lainsebelumnya di masa lalu. Bisa juga pengertian Past Perfect Tense digunakan untuk
menjelaskan kalau sesuatu terjadi saat sebelum waktu spesifik.
Verbal Sentence:
 Positive Sentence: Subject + had + Verb 3 + Object
Example: (+) I had locked the door before I left my home
 Negatif Sentence: Subject + had + not + Verb 3 + Object
Example: (-) I had not locked the door before I left my home
 Intterogative Sentence : Had + Subject + Verb 3 + Object
Example: (?) Had I locked the door before I left my home?

Non-Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence: Subject + had + been + Complement

Example :(+) They had been here before 1945
 Negative Sentence: Subject + had + not + been + Complement
Example :(-) They had not been here before 1945
 Interrogative Sentence : Had + Subject + been + Complement
Example :(?) Had they been here before 1945?

I. PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan
berlangsung hingga tindakan lain terjadi di masa lalu.
 Positive Sentence : Subject + had + been + Verb-ing + Object
Example :(+) He had been living in Jakarta about ten years
 Negatif Sentence : Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing + Object
Example :(-) He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years
 Interrogative Sentence : Had + Subject + been + Verb-ing + Object
Example :(?) Had he been living in Jakarta about ten years?

J. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di
masayang akan datang. Ada dua penggunaan Simple Future Tense, yaitu
menggunakanwill/shall dan to be going to.
 Verbal Sentence:
 Positive Sentence-Subject + will / shall + Verb 1 + Object-Subject + is/am/are
+ going to + Verb 1 + Object
 Negative Sentence-Subject + will / shall + not + Verb 1 + Object-Subject +
is/am/are + not + going to + Verb 1 + Object
 Interrogative Sentence-Will/shall + Subject + Verb 1 + Object-Is/am/are +
Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Object

Non-Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence-Subject + will/shall + be + Complement-Subject + is/am/are

+ going to + be + Complement
 Negative Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + not + be + Complement-Subject +
is/am/are + not + going to + be + Complement
 Interrogative Sentence:-Will/shall + Subject + be + Complement-Is/am/are +
Subject + going to + be + Complement

K. FUTURE PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Digunakan untuk menandakan bahwa kita akan berada di tengah-tengah suatu
kejadiandalam waktu tertentu di masa depan. Penggunaan will/shall dan to be going
to masih berlaku dalam tense ini dan maknanya sama.
Verbal Sentence:
 Possitive Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + be + Verb-ing + Object-Subject +
is/am/are + going to + be + Verb-ing + Object
 Negative Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + not + be + Verb-ing + Object-
Subject + is/am/are + not + going to + be + Verb-ing + Object
 Interrogative Sentence-will/shall + Subject + be + Verb-ing +
Object-is/am/are + Subject + going to + be + Verb-ing + Object

L. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang dimulai di masa lalu
danakan selesai di masa depan.
Verbal Sentence:
 Possitive Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + have+ Verb 3 + Object
  Negative Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + not + have+ Verb 3 + Object
 Interrogative Sentence-will/shall + Subject + have+ Verb 3 + Object

Non-Verbal Sentence:

 Possitive Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + have+ been + Complement

 Negative Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + not + have+ been + Complement
 Interrogative Sentence-will/shall + Subject + have + been + Complement

M. FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan atau peristiwa yang akan terus
berlangsungsampai waktu yang akan datang. Dengan kata lain, tense ini menekankan
durasi darikegiatan yang sudah dilakukan, tetapi masih terjadi di masa mendatang.
Verbal Sentence:
 Possitive Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + have+ been + Verb-ing + object
 Negative Sentence:-Subject + will/shall + not + have+ been + Verb-ing +
object
 Interrogative Sentence-will/shall + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing +
object

N. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk membicarakan masa depan dari perspektif masa lalu.
Verbal Sentence:
 Positive Sentence-Subject + would/ should + Verb 1 + Object-Subject +
was/were + going to + Verb 1 + Object
 Negative Sentence-Subject + would/ should + not + Verb 1 + Object-Subject
+ was/were + not + going to + Verb 1 + Object
 Interrogative Sentence-would/ should + Subject + Verb 1 + Object-was/were
+ Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Object

Non-Verbal Sentence:

 Positive Sentence-Subject + would/ should + be + Complement-Subject +

was/were + going to + be + Complement
  Negative Sentence-Subject + would/ should + not + be + Complement-
Subject + was/were + not + going to + be + Complement
 Interrogative Sentence-would/ should + Subject + be +
Complement-was/were + Subject + going to + be + Complement

O. PAST FUTURE PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Past Future Progressive Tense adalah jenis tenses yang kita gunakan untuk
menunjukkansituasi yang dalam imajinasi kita akan sedang terjadi di suatu waktu di
masa lalu, dalam pengertian bahwa kita membayangkan kejadian itu belum selesai.
Verbal sentence:
 Positive sentence : Subject+would/should+be+Verb-ing+object
Contoh :(+) Jono would be saving his money at a bank in October last month.
(jono akan sedangmenyimpan uangnya di bank pada oktober tahun lalu).
 Negatif Sentence : Subject+would/should+not+be+Verb-ing+object
Contoh :(-) Jono would not to be saving his money at a bank in October last
month. (Jono tidak akan sedang menyimpan uangnya di bank pada oktobet
tahun lohalu).
 Interrogative sentence : Would/should+subject+be+verb-ing+object(?)
Contoh : Would jono be saving his money at a bank in October last month?
(apakah jono akansedang menyimpan uangnya di bank pada oktober tahun
lalu?)

Answer : yes, he would/no, he would not.

P. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Past Future Perfect Tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk membicarakan
aktivitasyang tidak terjadi, mungkin terjadi, atau sebenarnya dapat dilakukan tetapi
tidak berhasilmelakukan di masa lampau. Bentuk waktu ini juga digunakan dalam
main clauseconditional sentence tipe 3.
Verbal sentence:
 Positive sentence : Subject+would/should+have+verb3+object
Contoh :(+) If I had saved money, I would have bought a new book. (jika
saya trlah menyimpanuang saya, saya akan telah membeli sebuah buku baru).
 Negative sentence : Subject+would/should+not+have+verb3+object
 Contoh :(-) If I had not saved my money, I would not have bought a new
book. (jika saya tidak menyimpan uang saya, saya tidak akan telah membeli
sebuah buku baru).
 Interrogative sentence : would/should+subject+have+verb3+object
Contoh :(?) would I have bought a new book if I had saved my money?
(apakah saya akan telahmembeli sebuah buku baru jika saya telah
menyimpan uang saya?).

Non verbal sentence:

 Positive tenses : Subject+would/should+have+been+complement

Contoh :(+) Mr. Cornelius would have been ok if you had been here. (bapak
Cornelius akan telah baik baik saja jika anda telah berada disini) N
 Negative sentence :
subject+would/should+not+have+been+complementContoh :(-) Mr.
Cornelius would not have been ok if you had been here. (bapak corneelius
tidak akan telah baik baik saja jika anda telah berada disini).
 Interrogative tenses : would/should+subject+have+been+complement(?)
would I have been ok if you had been here? (apakah saya akan telah baik
baik saja jika anda telah berada disini?)

Answer : yes, you would/no, you would not.

Q. PAST FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Past Future Perfect Progressive Tense adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk
menyatakankalimat yang akan telah sedang terjadi di masa lalu. Tenses ini mirip
dengan perfectcontinuous tense, persamaannya adalah sama-sama memiliki lebih
dari satu keteranganwaktu pada satu kalimat.
Verbal sentence:
 Positive sentence : subject+would/should+have+been+verb-ing+object
Contoh :(+) I would have been working in leading company for 5 years.
(saya akan sudah sedang bekerja diperusahaan ternama selama 5 tahun)
 Negative sentence : subject+would/should+not+have+been+verb-ing+object
 Contoh :(-) I would not have been working in leading company for 5 years.
(saya tidak akan sudah sedang bekerja di perusahaan ternama selama 5
tahun)
 Interrogative tense : would/should+subject+have+been+verb-ing+object(?)
Contoh : would you have been working in leading company 5 years? (apakah
kamu akansudah sedang bekerja di perusahaan ternama selama 5 tahun?

Answer : yes, I would/no, I would not

CONVERSATION 16 TENSES

I. Simple Present Tense

Kaesang : Hi, mate! How is it going?Bobby : I’m doing well. Thank you. Whats’up?

Kaesang: I’m curious about that new student in our class. What is her name?

Bobby: Well, raisa.Kaesang : How do you know her?

Bobby :Well, we have met before. She was my friend when we were in junior highschool.

Kaesang : Aaaaa.. I see. Where does she come from?

Bobby : She comes from bandung west java.

Kaesang: what does she do then here?

Bobby: Well, her parents often move to another city every four years. So now her parents
have been transferred to bali. That’s why now she is here and sheworks in the
hospital as a nurse.

Kaesang: Really? Waow.. which hospital does she work?

Bobby:She works in helath hospital.

Kaesang: Does she like doing exercise?

Bobby: No, she doesn’t. she isn’t very sporty. Hahaha.. why are you so curious abouther? I
bet you like her, ha?

Kaesang: Hmmm.. well yeah.. she is beautiful and attractive. If you don’t mind, do youwant
to introduce her to me?
Bobby: that’s not a big deal, brother.Kaesang: ok then. Thangk you.

II. Present Progressive Tense (On The Phone Call)

Hanna: Hello, may I speak to carol?
Carol: Yes, it’s me. Who is speaking?
Hanna: Hi, I am Hanna. Are you busy at the moment?
Carol: Hi, Hanna. A bit busy right now.
Hanna: What are you doing?
Carol: I am cooking some food.
Hanna: What are you cooking?
Carol: I’m cooking fried chicken and making some salad for dinner. Anyway whatare
you doing?
Hanna: I’m calling you. Hahaha.. nah, I’m calling just to say hello. Quite boring. Iam
not doing anything right now.
Carol: oohh, poor you.

III. Present Perfect Tense

Maria: Hi, stace. Have you ever been to Australia?
Stacey: No, I haven’t. but I have been to new zeaaland. How abaout you? Have youever
been to Australia?
Maria: yeah.. I have been there. You have to visit Australia stace. I have had a lot of
great experiences.
Stacey: tell me about your experience ther.
Maria: well.. start from the English course. Since my English is not that good, Iwaent
there by using student visa.
Stacey: waoo.. sounds interesting.
Maria: Now, tell about new Zealand. Have you visited a place that used for shootingthe
lord of the ring?
Stacey: yes, I have visited that place. It is located in wellington. It was so terrific,
beautiful and amazing. This is the first time that I have ever seen awesome
landscapes.
Maria: ooohh, I am so envy with you.

IV. Present Perfect Progressive Tense

 Hendra: Have you finished writing your paper, van?
Ivan : No, I haven’t. I have been writing my paper since last week. But I
haven’tfinished it yet.
Hendra: Do you have any problems?
Ivan: Yes. I need some more references to support my ideas. I have been readingsom
books, but I haven’t got any. Do you have any books about learningEnglish?
Hendra: Yes, I do. You can borrow them if you like.
Ivan: thank you very much.

V. Simple Past Tense

Arnold: Hi, dude. How was your day?
Ben: I have had better days.
Arnold: Why? What happened?
Ben: I got can accident two days ago.
Arnold: What a pity. How did it happen?
Ben: It happened when I was going to one of my friend’s house, tony. When Istarted to
walk out from the pavement, and was going to cross the road,suddenly the car hit
me from beside. Luckily I was saved by my friend, jack.He grabbed my hand
quickly.
Arnold: what happened next? Did you get hurt a lot?
Ben: I had few wounds. But now I’m getting much better. Only the scars left.
Arnold: it’s nice to hear that.

VI. Past Progressive Tense

Jack: Why are you so sad, bro?
Bill: Because I have not finished my paper.
Jack: Why?
Bill: Because when I was printing my paper last night, the light went out.
Jack: What was your brother doing when you were typing your paper?
Bill: He was doing his homework when I was typing my paper.

VII. Past Perfect Tense

Joe: I didn’t see dick last week.
Tom: He didn’t come to school.
 Joe: What was the matter?
Tom: He said that he had had an accident.
Joe: oh, that’s too bad! I hope that he’s all right.
Tom: He is okay, but he said that he’d really smashed up the car.
Joe: How did it happen?
Tom: The street was wet and he skidded into a telephone pole.
Joe: That car was not good. Does he have insurance?
Tom: He said that he’d just taken out new insurance.
Joe: I hope that he’ll het enough money for a new car.
Tom: He said that he’d claim to the insurance agent right away.
Joe: and hoe much will he get?
Tom: Well, he’s out looking fo a new car right now.

VIII. Past Perfect Progressive Tense

George: Did you go anywhere last Sunday?
Eddy: No, I stayed home all day long last Sunday.
George: Why?
Eddy: because it had been raining since morning. It had been raining hard for hours
before it stopped in the afternoon.
George: What did you do at home?
Eddy: Nothing. I just watched television. I took a nap after I had been watching movies
for three hours.
George: had you finished your homework before you went to bed?
Eddy: Yes, I had. I had done all my homework before I went to bed.

IX. Simple Future Tense

Laura: did you pack your bag, steve?
Steve: I’m going to do it now.
Laura: How long will you be away?
Steve: I won’t get back until Saturday evening or Sunday morning. I have a lot of
business in Jakarta.
Laura: do you need to stay that long?
Steve: I don’t want to, but I have to. I have a lot of meetings on my schedule.
 Laura: you know, you’ll miss blatan’s birthday party.
Steve: oh! I forgot about that! What time is the party?
Laura: Two o’clock Saturday afternoon.
Steve: well, I’ll try to get back Saturday morning.
Laura: That will make blatan very happy.

X. Future Progressive Tense

Tony: Hi, brian. I statrt thinking about the plan for the party next week.
Brian: what sort of party, ton? You haven’t told me yet, have you?
Tony: ooh.. yaa, I forget to tell you that I’m going to have a party next week for
mygraduation.
Brian: lucky you, ton. I wish my parents would give me a present as well. What willyou
be doing on the party next week?
Tony: there will be several activities, brian. I will be dncing of course and I will
besinging. How about you? What will you be doing at my party?
Brian: I won’t be dancing at that time because I can’t dance, but I’ll be making some
beverages for all.
Tony: That’s awesome, brian. Thank you so much.

XI. Future Perfect Tense

James: would you like to go the movies tonight?
Linda: I’d like to, but I’m afraid we’ll be late. The first show begins at 7 o’clock.
James: what time is it now?
Linda: it’s 6.30. I think the film will have already begin before we get to the cinema.
James: let’s go for the second show, then.

XII. Future Perfect Progressive Tense

Jack: Hello. Can I speak to Richard?
Richard: Yes, it’s me. Who is there?
Jack: it’s me, jack.Richard: oh, jack. What’s up, bro?
Jack: I need to ask some questions. Do you have a time?
Richard: Sure. Go on!
Jack: do you take an English course?
Richard: yes, I do. I take an intensive class in the afternoon.
 Jack: How long will you have been learning English when we have national
examination next month?
Richard: I will have been learning English for six month by then.
Jack: do you find English difficult?
Richard: No, I enjoy learning English very much.
Jack: will you be ready for the best?
Richard: sure. I will have been practicing English for four a year before I have the test.
Jack: okay. Thank you very much. Hope you will get the best score. I will take
anintensive class too.
Richard: okay. Keep spirit!
Jack: see you, chard. Bye!
Richard: bye!

XIII. Past Future Tense

Jane: I made some mistake and now I don’t have courage to meet dodi.
Popi: why? What you have done?
Jane: I broke his handphone.
Popi: don’t worry, he would forgive you. He is your best friend, right?
Jane: You thing so? But I’m stillfeel guility. Would he forgive me?
Popi: Trust me. This is not going to be worst.
Lili: tomorrow is isyana’s birthday.
Rudi: Yeah ..Lili: have you bought her a present ?
Rudi: No, mot yet, but I would give her a scarf.
Lili: oh, you have decided.
Rudi: Yeah.. she like collecting scraf, so I decide to give her one.
Lili: ok then. I would give her new novel of raditya dika. She like collecting book too
anyway.

XIV. Past Future Progressive

Mr. Laoli: Would you be going with adella yesterday evening for studying?
You: yes, I would be going with adella from six to seven yesterday for studying.
Mr. laoli: Be careful. Bye..
You: Yeah, thank’s.
XV. Past Future Perfect
Tourist: excuse me! Do you have any room vacant, miss?
Receptionist : yes, sir. Good morning. Welcome to blatan hotel. Do you wantdouble or
single bed, sir?
Tourist : I want one double bed, pleaseReceptionist : we have a double on the third
floor.
Tourist : How about on the ground floor or may be the first floor?
Receptionist : let me check first. Please wait for a moment. But I am so sorry, sir.But I
wonder if you could wait till the check-out. We will have twovacancies. How?
Tourist : what’s your check-out time?
Receptionist : it’s 12 noon. So, you’ll have to wait for two hours, sir.
Tourist : yes, I don’t mind waiting for two hours or so. Do you have win-winsolution?
Receptionist : I have no power to do anything, sir. We can only wait to have thatroom.
Tourist : You’re right. Okay, I’ll wait for some time. My parents would have been very
upset if they had knew about this.
Receptionist : I am sorry, sir. Would you take a seat, please?
Tourist : By the way, do you have any magazine or newspaper to read? Iwanna read
something to waste the time?
Receptionist : Don’t worry about that, sir. We have some brochures over there. Itwill
give all information about our hotel.
Tourist : Thank you very much.
Receptionist : Welcome.

XVI. Past Future Perfect Progressive

Mr. Laoli: Where are you?
You: I’am at home. Why?
Mr. Laoli: You said yesterday that you would have been repairing my motorcycle
ateight o’clock.
You: Okay.

PASSIVE VOICE

A. Pengertian Passive VoicePassive voice

merupakan struktur kalimat penulisan dalam bahasa inggris yang manasubjek
(pelaku) dari kalimat tersebut dikenakan suatu pekerjaan. Passive voice tidak hanyaada
 dalam bahasa inggris saja. Dalam bahasa Indonesia kita mengenal kalimat pasif dengan
perubahan yang sangat simple, yaitu imbuhan di-/ter- . misalkan : Rini membacasebuah
novel (kalimat aktif), novel dibaa oleh rini (kalimat pasif).
B. Pola Passive Voice
Pola : Subject+be+Verb-3+by agent
Contoh :
Rini reads novel. (active voice)
[subject] [V1] [object]
Novel is read byRini. (passive voice)
[subject] [to be] [V3] [by agent]
C. Penulisan by agent
Dalam penulisan passive voice, kita biasanya menggunakan ‘by’ untuk
menunjukkanagent atau pelaku (orang atau benda) yang melakukan pekerjaan atau yang
menyebabkansesuatu terjadi. Penulisan ‘by agent’ pada kalimat passive voice ditujukan
untuk menambah informasi dalam kalimat passive voice tersebut.Akan tetapi, tidak
semua kalimat passive voice haru mencantumkan ‘by agent’. Kita bolehtidak
menyertakan ‘by agent’ dalam pembuatan passive voice jika orang atau benda
yangmelakukan pekerjaan tidak diketahui atau tidak penting.

DAFTAR PRONOUN DAN TO BE

Daftar pronoun sebagai subjek dan objek

Subject pronouns Object pronoun Meaning

I Me Saya
We Us Kami
You you Kamu
He Him Dia (laki laki)
She Her Dia (perempuan)
It It (untuk benda atau
binatang)
They Them Mereka

REGULER AND IRREGULAR VERBS

Main verb (V1) Past form(V2) Participle(V3) Meaning
Agree Agreed Agreed Menyetujui
Answer Answered Answered Menjawab
Ask Asked Asked Bertanya
Accept Accepted Accepted Menerima
Admit Admitted Admitted Menyetujui
Arrange Arranged Arranged Menyusun
Dst..
1. Regular Verbs

2. Irregular Verbs

Main verb(V1) Past Form(V2) Participle(V3) Meaning

Arise Arose Arisen Terbit, naik, muncul
Bet Bet Bet Bertaruh
Begin Began Begun Memulai
Bend Bent Bent Membengkokkan
Blow Blew Blown Meniup
Break Broke Broken Mematahkan
Dst..