Parental Administration of Drugs

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Parental administration of drugs

Module 1
Lab 1
Parental administration of drugs
• Drugs may be injected to the body through
various routs which include; subcutaneous,
intramuscular, intravenous.
Objectives
By the end of this session you should be able
to…
• Demonstrate the administration of a
subcutaneous injection on the simulator.
• Demonstrate the administration of
intermuscular injection on the simulator.
• Prepare and administer intravenus drugs on a
simulator.
Important points
• These procedures are invasive therefore care
must be taken to avoid contamination.
• Wearing gloves to protect yourself from blood
born infections.
• Disposal of sharps appropriately to avoid
injuring yourself and other staff.
Subcutaneous injection
• Is an injection administered to the fatty area
under the skin.
• It leads to slow and steady release of a drug.
• Common drugs given this way are insulin and
heparin.
Subcutaneous injection
• Common sites of
subcutaneous injection
Subcutaneous injection

•The injection is formed of a needle attached to a syringe with a plunger.


•The syringe is marked in milliliters
Subcutaneous injection

1) Wash you hands 2) Clean the top of 3) Hold the syringe carfully
the bottle

4) Remove the cap 5) Draw the drug 6) Gently pinch the injection site
Subcutaneous injection

7) Insert the needle at 900 8) Release your pinch and steady the needle

9) Inject the drug 10) Remove the needle and press a cotton
Intermuscular injections
• Medicine given by the intermuscular route is
more rapidly effective than subcutaneous.
• It is a painful method for administering
medications.
• Common drugs given intermuscular include
vaccines, antibiotics and iron.
Intermuscular injections
Intermuscular injection
Outer middle part of the thigh
(vastus lateralis muscle).
Usually used in infants
Maximum 4ml

Top of outer arm


(deltoid muscle).
Children and adults
Buttocks
Maximum 1ml
(dorsogluteal muscle).
Children and adults
Maximum 4ml.
Hip
(ventrogluteal or gluteus medius muscle).
Children over 7 months and adults
No limit.
Intermuscular injection
• Take verbal consent from the patient.
• Check the expiry date on the medicine.
• Carefully remove the needle cover, do not touch the needle.
• Pull the medicine into the syringe to the dose required.
• Remove air from the syringe.
• Hold the skin over the muscle to be injected between the thumb and finger.
• With the dominant hand hold the needle like a pencil and stab the skin through to
the muscle at 90o angle.
• Release the skin.
• Pull the plunger slowly to make sure there is no blood (this avoids injecting the
drug in a vein) .
• Slowly inject the drug while pulling it out.
• Take the needle out.
• Press the injection site with a cotton and rub it gently.
• Safely dispose of the sharps.
Intravenous injection
• Intravenus drugs may be given in 2 ways
1. Directly into the vein.
2. Slowly through intravenous infusion.

• Intravenus injection are used for rapid effect of


the drug.
• It is less painful than intermusualr injection.
• Insertion of a canula may facilitate intervenus
injection.
Intravenus injection
• complications.;
• Infection.
• Extravasation.
• Air emobolism.
‫مركز المهارات بكلية الطب البشري‬

Best wishes for all ◕‿◕


• dr/ Dr . Elham Fahmawi
• Dr ..mohammed Elmasri

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