Buildings Practice For Professionals

Construction Method Statements

Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
Safety General
1 Refer to Chapter 3, MS 12 & 13, Chapter 4, MS1, Chapter 6, Page 1 for general
provisions on safety discipline in addition to those included with various method
statements on this Chapter
2 Relevant point should be extracted from description in line to requirements on relevant
activities
3 It is to be noted that safety standards vary from organization to organization, company to
company & client to client
4 Just consideration of economy on project cannot exclusively, be a criterion to avoid or
reduce safety measures
5 A minimum level of safety measures installations should be made a ‘must’ for a site
supervise to ensure that workforce ‘must’ work safely
6 It is preferable to work with acceptable level of safety rather than loosening lives of
workers
Method Statement
Chapter 10
House building in NCR
Part1
Scope
1 Purpose of this method statement is to describe in brief, procedures that were adopted for
one house construction in NCR Delhi long back 2008/2009
2 Synopsis of engineering construction provides brief details later
3 Basement/Ground/First/Second floors/Penthouse
4 All RCC structures constituted from basement to pent house, including RCC basement
walls. No bricks were included in foundations
5 Walls in bricks at all levels for cladding & not for any load bearing
6 Doors windows-Aluminum framed glazing
7 Existing old structure about 80 SQM with wooden doors, RCC structures
8 Design of whole building all disciplines, including connection to old building

Part 2
Design methods/procedures
1 All design disciplines for addition were conducted self, without any aid from architect
2 Off sets/zoning, architectural plans, elevations, sections & detailing were conducted self
3 Structural analysis were conducted using Kani’s rotation contribution method, for which,
self formulized excel templates were used to reach moments, shear force, deflections,
seismic impacts etc.
4 Designing was also, conducted, using custom self formulized excel templates for beam,
columns, foundations etc.
5 Bar bending schedules were prepared using excel sheet, duly formulized in line &
consideration to BS 4466 shape codes, which is now replaced by BS 8866

Part 3
Safety

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
1 Access ramp was profiled for ingress & egress to & from foundation pit, used by
personnel & donkeys workers both
2 Scaffolding was procured in form of pipes as well as, wooden ballies/props
3 Timber safety railing was used on sides to prevent falls into basement excavation
4 PPEs were used to requirement (it is unfortunate to note that workers in NCR do not
respect use of PPE)

References
1 Drawings- Included within synopsis
2 Specifications- General international & national

Part 4
Materials
1 Local materials from various sources procured for all activities
2 Structural materials/ingredients were procured from NCR Pali crushers/queries
3 Reinforcing bars procured in full length 12/14 meters, without being bent. Extra payment
was made to distributor for trailer transport
4 All reinforcing bars were fabricated on site only under my direct supervision, for steel
fixer vendor did not accept to protect steel bars
5 Concrete was mixed on site, since RMC was not consistent in quality & RMC vendor
failed to answer my queries
6 Formwork was designed, using marine plywood & wooden scantling battens, both hard
wood & softwood

Part 5
Methods
Surveys
1. Setting out was done by old methods of formation of a right angle triangle, instead of
using a Theodolite.
2. All references regarding grids & levels were established on existing walls around
excavated area

Excavation
1 Existing soil type is silt/y clay with sand strata @ 20 m depth
2 No dewatering was required, since water table is much below
3 JCB equipment was utilized for excavations up to limited depth & limited setting out
4 Reason being that on 3 sides, buildings existed, which did not permit full excavation by
machine, requiring manual means for further work
5 Donkeys with masters were used for remaining excavation to reach formation level
6 Excavated material was removed from site immediately, as & when, it was dropped into
truck or on to tractor trolley to transport to temporary stockpile or deliver to someone
else, for some activity
7 Sides of excavation were protected from erosion by covering with polythene sheet, so
that rain water could not help, loosen strength in this case
8 Horizontal/inclined bracings/supports were not required, due to nature of soil

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
Blinding
1 Since, soil bearing capacity is not safe to allow heavy structure on this formation, soil
improvement was conducted, by including below formation level, an improved layer 300
mm deep, as explained later
2 This layer composed of aggregate & coarse dust, duly watered & compacted, so that it
should also, function, as a coarse graded strata
3 On this layer, an application of Tapecrete coatings was carried out for concrete protection
4 Coatings of Tapecrete was covered with a plaster screed for protection
5 Preparation for blinding was effected & blinding concrete laid to whole area
6 Blinding was cured to requirement of 3 days

Foundation
1 Setting out foundations bases, a part of foundation beams was conducted
2 Concrete Spacers were cast on location. Thickness 50mm, 40mm, 30mm, 20mm
3 16mm dia. Tie bolts for concrete beams were procured fabricated from mechanical shop,
using 550N special steel
4 Preparation of beams, included placing fabricated reinforcement, fixing of forms to sides
of proposed beams, fixing spacers, cleaning whole RCC space etc.
5 Special waterproofing compound was procured to be mixed with concrete for areas,
where a water tank portion, required to be included, within portions of beams itself
6 Concrete mixing & pouring was carried out in one day successfully, followed by
application of wooden finish & continuous curing for required number of days
7 Work started for upright part of foundation beam, which included all activities, respecting
forms fabrication & fixing, reinforcing bars fabrication & fixing, inclusion respecting box
outs/inserts for services, water tank slab etc, were prepared to be ready for inspection
8 Concrete was mixed for this pour added with self leveling concrete compound. Concrete
for water tank beams & bases were cast monolithically, because PVC waterbar could not
be procured
9 During all foundation beams pour, one sectional beam side tried to open, but
immediately, it was controlled by pressing back to alignment within tolerance limit.
10 Continuous Curing was effected for required number of days

Basement Walls/Columns/Stairs
1 Setting out respecting walls & columns was given & verified
2 Work of columns commenced, as it was to be part, within RCC walls
3 Works of columns included formwork fabrication, rebar fabrication & provision of
electrical inserts, all to be carried out in stages, depending on number of form sets
4 Work of RCC walls fabrication for basement started immediately, after, beams were
completed
5 Works of staircase also, started in parallel from basement level to its first landing
6 Setting out of staircase was given on site, using details from Autocad, so that no error
should result on site by contractor
7 Basement walls were required to be poured in stages, due to fact that formwork for 2
walls were only fabricated
8 One by one all elements were prepared & poured followed by required number days of
curing application

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR

Ground Floor Level Slab/Basement Cover

1 Preparation for ground floor slab/basement suspended slab was initiated for which, steel
props procured for centering along with hard wood 50 x 100 mm section for grid support
to formwork
2 Drawings were provided to lead steel fixers & lead formwork carpenters
3 Setting out & levels were monitored regularly, so as not to cause certain error
4 Reinforcement was placed on suspended slab, beams & up stands
5 Electrical conduits were laid in line to drawings, meeting requirement of all electrical
supply points such as light, fans &others
6 Slab concrete was poured continuously, followed by both immediate or instant curing &
regular curing for required number of 7/10 days
7 Application was moved with Haryana Urban Development Authority/Municipal
Corporation of Faridabad to inspect & issue DPC certificate, a statutory requirement
8 Inspection was conducted by concerned officials & DPC issue was cleared

Ground Floor & Above/Superstructure

1 Superstructure between ground floor & first floor included columns, suspended slabs &
staircase, within extended portion
2 Superstructure on existing structure included dismantling of existing parapet, exposing
reinforcing dowels for upper columns & further work from that level up to second floor
3 Also, required joining of old structure to new structure at first floor level
4 Setting out respecting columns at ground floor was conducted
5 Access scaffolding to work around columns was erected
6 Ground floor columns were to be prepared for double heights, within hall portion
7 Steel reinforcing bars were placed in positions, according to drawings
8 Electrical conduits with switch panel boxes were placed/fixed in columns, where required
9 Kickers were prepared & poured for better alignment controls
10 Form for all sides were fabricated & erected, using plywood & battens
11 Supports were fixed, alignment checked & plumb checked
12 Concreting was done for columns in decided sequence
13 Work of stairs were prepared in parallel, which sequences, as carrying out basement
landing to first slab, pour with basement slab
14 Works for first flight from ground to first landing were carried out accordingly, along
with steps for monolithic casting
15 Works for first floor suspended slab were carried out, using steel props specially rented
16 Preparations for first floor slab were completed with all services, pertinent to electrical
discipline inserted
17 Block outs for other services as well, were also, placed in
18 Reinforcement fabrication & placing for slab as well as, 1800 mm continuous
balcony/1000 mm continuous balcony were also, carried out
19 When all activities for preparation were over, clearance for pouring was given
20 Slab concrete was poured in one day, followed by intensive curing for 10 days
21 Works for second slab started along with staircase as well as, works on old portion
22 Columns on old portion were carried out along with added stability floor beams
23 Double stage supporting system was used for area covering, double height slab

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
24 Forms for beams & slabs were fixed, followed by steel reinforcing bars fixing
25 All works respecting forms & reinforcing bars continued & completed as required
26 All inserts & block outs/box outs were fixed in to meet requirement as indicated
27 All electrical conduits were placed in, following requirements & locations of electrical
light points/ceiling fan points & wall points
28 Adequate provisions for air conditioning box outs were also, included
29 Provision for allowance for garbage chute too were made on slab
30 When preparatory works were ready for pouring concrete, inspection were conducted &
pouring clearance granted, followed by concrete pour in one day
31 Columns, beams & slabs were poured accordingly, followed by required number of days
curing
32 Application of waterproofing/concrete protection coating was made around whole
basement external surfaces up to plinth level/finished ground level. Polymerised cement
coating was included for application for concrete protection
33 Meanwhile, backfilling was being conducted around basement in 2 vertical layers
34 Earth boring was carried out at one location up to 30 m depth, followed by drilling
required pipes & coal etc. so that a connection, using copper wire could be given to
distribution board
35 First layer in contact with RCC walls was to be filled with 100 mm river sand, while
remaining layer with ordinary soil
36 Later, on all following sequential items, such as brick walling, electrical services first fix,
plastering, rendering, ceramic tiling, sanitary fixtures, water tank placement &
connection, painting, flooring, lighting etc. continued, until all works were completed, so
that it facilitated to move an application to obtain an Occupation Certificate from
authorities, which is a statutory requirement, prior to occupying constructed building

Part 6
Reference
House Construction on Plot 430 Sector 21 B, NCR India, Faridabad
Construction Synopsis
1 Construction commenced 12.11.2008
2 Structure completed 9.7.2009
3 Please refer to plates from 1 to 26 giving entire views of structural construction.
4 Cost on RCC 500 rupees per square foot

Figures 1 to 8 below give certain details for your immediate, reference.

For detailed review of plans, refer to chapter 13, sketch # 66 to 108
1 Purpose of this file is an exclusive indicative information exchange.

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR

Structural
7 72
4 50
level
2 47 2
5750 1 00 0
1 25 0
level
7 50
8 00 1 50
1 50
5 750 1 2 50
2 00 1 50 15 0
1 78 9 600
60 0
1 60 0 16 6 1 3 00 60 0 1 50
3 00 1 43
385 20 0 16 77 30 0
7 14 14 94
2 50 0 2 00
H a ll Entry Le ft Si de ba lc ony 4 64 14 9 4
R ight S ide ba lcon y

St ai r r ai l o n beam
C 2 00 x 3 00
20 0 x 30 0 D
A B
1 7 83 2 00 x 3 00 200
1 50 0 2 00 x 30 0 2 00 x 30 0
20 0 3 00 x 2 00
1 1 00 0
6 00 F2 20 0 x 3 0 0
300

47 49 51 53 55 57 59
1 4 00
2 4 72

2 00 x 3 0 0 1 80 0 72 70 66 64 62 60
1 0 00 2 00 x 4 00
F2 7 72
2 F2 u p st an d
20 0 x 3 0 0
30 0
3 00 x 30 0 x
6 00 600
80 0 F11
F9 14 00
1 80 0 2 00 x 3 00 2 3 00

Bal co n y l i nk /Rai li n g
1 00 0 3 20 0 x 30 0
10 00 6 00
2 00
30 0 x 3 0 0
2 00 x 3 00
2 00
10 00 3 00 x 30 0
578
39 7 7 F12
2 00 x 3 00
F9 20 0 1 20 0 27 77
2 00 x 3 00
4 30 0 x
F4 F4 5 89
6 00 4 00
2 00 x 3 00 3 00

F9 F9 F13
2 00 2 00 x 3 00 2 4 99
2 00 x 3 00
20 0 x 30 0 30 0 x 20 0 3 00 x
5 F5 6 00 60 0 F5

1 00 0 F8 F8 F8 F8 F8 F8
1 8 00 17 20 1 72 0 18 50 1 90 0 18 5 1 18 0 0
2 00 x 30 0 2 00 x 3 00 2 00 x 3 00 2 00 x 3 00
2 00 x 30 0
2 00 200 20 0 20 0 20 0 20 0

11 7 8 3 59 1 60 51

1 50
300
4 50
1 378
1000
F1, F2 , F4, F5/3 00 x 60 0 m m deep, F3 do n ot exis t
F6, F7 , F8, F9/20 0 x 3 00 mm d eep
F10, F11, F12, F13/2 00 x 300 m m deep
Fir st Str uc tu ra l Fr a ming Le vel Ha ll Por tion
40 0 4 00 4 00 4 00 40 0 40 0 4 00 40 0 4 00
40 0 4 00

20 0

I nt er na l Bal con y/ Ra il in g

400

Bal con y p as sa ge/Rail in g

Figure 1 Plan
1 Plot Size 420 SQM
2 Basement below drawing room hall portion
3 Ground coverage 55 %
4 Total coverage added 540 SQM

Str uctu ral

450
772
24 72
level
57 50 10 00
1250
level
750
8 00 15 0
150
575 0 1250
200 150 150
60 0
1789 6 00
150
1600 1 661 30 0 600
300 1 43
38 5 200 1 677 3 00
714 1494
250 0 200
H all E ntr y Left S id e b alcon y
4 64 1494
Righ t S ide balcon y

bea ms
C 200 x 300 m m D
A B 200 x 300
200 x 300

2 00 x 30 0 200
17 83
1500 200 x 300 200 x 300
300 x
1 1000
200
600 F2
200
200 x 300
300

47 49 51 53 55 57 59
1400
247 2
2 00 x 30 0

10 00 18 00 72 70 66 64 62 60 200 x 4 00
2 F2 772
ups ta nd
F2 200 x 300
300
300 x 300 x
600 600
800 F 11
1 400
F9
1800 200 x 3 00 230 0

10 00 3 2 00 x 300
1 000
600
200

200 x 300
20 0
3 00 x 3 00
1000 39 77
578 F 12
200 x 300
F9 2 00 12 00 277 7
200 x 3 00
4 300 x
F4 600
F4 589
200 x 300
300

F9 F9 F 13
200 2 00 x 30 0 249 9
200 x 3 00
2 00 x 300 300 x 200 300 x
5 F5 600 600 F5

1000
F8 F8 F8 F8 F8 F8
1800 1 720 1 720 1850 1 900 1 851 1 800
2 00 x 300 200 x 300 200 x 300 200 x 3 00
200 x 300
200 200 200 200 2 00 200

1178 3591 6 051

1 50
300
450
13 78 1 00 0
F1, F 2, F4, F 5/300 x 600 m m de ep, F3 do not e xist
F6, F7, F8, F9/200 x 300 mm deep
F10, F11, F 12, F13/200 x 300 m m dee p
Fir st Str u ctur al Fra ming Level H a ll Por tion

Figure 2 Plan
Salient features of construction carried out:
1 Front portion double height drawing room or hall
2 Rear portion Bed Room area in three stories
3 Ground floor portion 75 SQM previously constructed in year 2000
4 Soil Silt/y Clay with high affinity to water & white ants.
5 Depth of formation level (-3.4 m) for basement.
6 Excavation carried out by JCB partly & then used donkey stock for a total excavation
quantity of 550 cum.

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
7 Excavated soil removed from site using trucks/tractor trolleys.

Part 7
Soil improvement activity below formation level as defined below:
1 Soil improvement by filling/laying 40 mm size graded aggregate 250 mm thick, followed
by placing 20 &10 mm graded aggregate, one after other to fill voids & then on that
layer, placed graded machine dust to completely pack fill voids.
2 Above mix was compacted dry as well as, wet to get placed mix material dense for both
to improve/enhance bearing capacity & to reduce possible settlement.
3 I had observed one pit 1 M x 1 M x 2 M deep for about six months to understand soil
conduct, observations of which were utilized for designing foundations.
4 There was no problem in excavation & there was no need of any shoring during
excavation that indicates that soil was self supporting, due to having no angle of internal
friction, but due to possessing high value of cohesion.
5 Substrata did not have any water table, but certain moisture content % very nominal.
6 It appears that land was used for purpose of agriculture in long past & for development of
area, Development authority acquired land for urbanization around Delhi.
7 Soil definitely contained certain organic chemicals that had to be avoided to impart
adverse affect to proposed building.
8 I judged SBC of soil to be around, 5 to 10 T /SQM based on my experience, yet, it did
not meet building requirement, due to unforeseen conduct of Clays, that could have
contended minerals like Montmorillonite or Illite or some others, which could help soil,
either to swell, while being in contact with water or to loosen entire shear
strength/resistance.
9 Proposal was to include one equal size basement that caused me a cause of concern.
10 I decided to avoid construction of isolated foundations on existing soil, even at cost of
additional expenses.
11 Fortunately, I have experienced during my career extensively on RCC building projects
as well as, on industrial onshore projects, both in office engineering, as well as, in field
engineering.
12 Based on my experience earning, I could solve proposal easily, which I did comfortably
with full confidence successfully.
13 A decision was made to apply soil improvement technique in easiest way, so that bearing
capacity as well as, permeability of soil below formation is sustainable.
14 Water should not affect foundation, if it is allowed to move beneath foundation
structures, because mobility of water can result in various chemical changes within soil &
also, can impact other adjacent structures.
15 Clay soil had to be isolated from building substructures for purpose of RCC protection.
16 To meet requirement, I decided to form a road type WBM structure below foundation
formation, without involving any cementing material, but to be included just water
bound.
17 Some person suggested to include lime also, to mix with soil for soil stabilization, but it
did not convince me, since lime is not a reliable material in moist environment.
18 I went ahead to excavate about 300 mm additional depth to accommodate proposed soil
improvement to a minimal meeting.

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
19 It could be more thick but, I did not intend to take risk more than that, due to excessive
depth of excavation, where on two sides of proposed building, existing building/s up to
three story are located.
20 Formation was prepared & 40m size aggregate, which is called Vapisi (40mm aggregate)
in Delhi term, was used to be placed first.
21 20 mm size aggregate was placed on 40 mm size layer, so that voids within 40 mm size
aggregate to be filled packed with 10 mm size aggregates.
22 Later, additional layer of machine graded dust was placed, so that voids within 10 mm
size aggregate to be filled packed with mechanically produced dust.
23 All laid dry mix was watered & compacted, just as it is done on a water bound Macadem
road structure formation.
24 I noticed after compaction that formation was very strong & there was much
improvement on SBC.
25 Foregoing fill has to respond to work as a permeable medium also, for down flowing
water as well as, to allow a break for upward flowing water in future that could be a
result of heavy rains/water table rise or by whatsoever reason, it could be.
26 This provision has also, affected as a barricade for clay soil to be in contact with
foundations.
27 In addition to above, on sides of fixed retaining RCC walls, built between main columns,
fill material used is river sand, so that it allows water to permeability, since clay does not
possess this property, but considerable porosity.
28 Virtually, foundations built are soil contact free & portions, between all RCC beams
foundations joining columns in both directions, an exclusively river sand was used, as a
filling material to avoid cumbersome work on compaction of soils, either to be taken
selectively from site or to be imported from selected source.
29 I think that work has been done economically, in all respects, inducing to foundation,
what it necessitated from practical engineering construction viewpoints.

Part 8
Structural:
1 On prepared soil improvement base, a 50 mm thick layer of blinding concrete was laid.
2 Surface of blinding concrete waterproofed using CICO Tapecrete coating, protected by
CM plastering like on coating.
3 Analysis of structures was done using Kani’s Rotation Contribution Method, a very old
method of moment distribution, but yet useful
4 Analysis of foundation framed matting done by purpose made worksheets.
5 Sketch shows details of foundation section 400 x 1200 mm beam, with 800 mm wide
spreader embedded in full 200 mm thick RCC matting under all beams in both directions.
6 Columns were revealed for stubs/full columns from beams
7 One 16000 litres capacity water storage tank has also, been provided, below basement
accommodated, between foundation beams to contain 600 deep water.
8 Between beams, river sand filling provided in place of soil, since it is difficult to compact
available soil, which could also, deteriorate concrete protection, applied in solution form
as cement based coating.

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
9 Externally, 450 mm wide portion filled with river sand, while remaining soil butts with
450 mm line, for which prosecution used form plywood & battens were used to erect
temporary formwork between soil & sand layers.
10 Contractor was not happy to carry out such dual filling for which, extra payment, based
on day basis work was made.
11 There was allowed no contact, between soil & foundations anywhere.
12 Sole criteria had been to keep water permeability working below & around foundations,
so that a virtual filter functions permanently.
13 In general, anti termite treatment is applied on all buildings in NCR zone, but no such
application was made, due to fact that termite cannot bite concrete

400.00
Foun dation Beam
1000.00

200.00
300.00

Soil I mpr ovemen t

Figure 3 Foundation beam

1 Retaining walls 200 mm thick provided around foundations to hold fill.
2 Wall reinforced with 8 mm reinforcing bars @ 200 centers both ways.
3 Main hall portion allowed 12 columns 1000 x 400 mm 4 # columns, while 600 x 400 mm
8 # columns.
4 Span between columns being 11 M in two frames, while 8 M in three frames.
5 Certain frames are located in double height area.
6 Front allows 1800 mm wide balconies, while sides 1000 mm.
7 Six beams provided in front balconies at both levels.
8 Main beams permitted 300 mm x 600 mm section for stability resolution.
9 Cross beams included 200 x 300 mm section.
10 Stair waste provided 200 mm thick with reinforcing bars meshing in top & bottom layers.
11 All suspended slabs included with 8 mm reinforcing bars @ 200 mm centers both top &
bottom.
12 Rear bed rooms’ portion constructed with 11 # columns 300 mm x 450 mm sections for
spans do not exceed 5m.
13 A quantity of 250 cum RCC constructed using M 30/25, all onsite mixing done.
14 Form support systems employed using rented props.
15 Form material employed 12 mm thick ply & timber scantlings/battens 50 mm x 75 mm &
50 mm x 100 mm.
16 A total quantity of reinforcing bars used 22000 kg.

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
17 Up to ground level 8000 kg & above ground 14000 kg.
18 Labour workforce element contractor did not include curing element, which consequently
I had to do this activity/part myself.
19 I did not find any problem for suspended slab curing, but for columns & brick walls, I
conducted hard job.
20 Water supply & distribution to kitchen & wet areas has been arranged to be supplied
from tank below basement, located between foundation beams, which has a capacity
about 16000 litres
21 Water is delivered to this tank by gravity from municipal supply main, from where, it is
pumped to roof located 4 # numbers water tanks/tank farm 1000 litres each
22 Delivery to/intake @ tank is integrated, while basement pump supplies water to 2 # roof
tanks only, from where water is automatically, moved to other two tanks as well & then
from there/all tanks, water is distributed down to all floors excepting basement
23 Though proposed use of building is for residential purpose per local authority, yet visitors
put building not as residential in look, but either commercial or any office.
24 A platform was also, constructed to mount Sai Baba statute
25 Finishing items constituted plastering, rendering, marble stone flooring, ceramic tiling on
walls, marble paint coating, wooden cupboards, roofing etc.

Major activities can be summarized as follows:

1 Excavation of whole area, which can be referred to chapter 13, sketch # 105
2 Soil improvement on all formation areas with structure graded fill/engineered fill
3 Blinding concrete on whole prepared & compacted areas
4 Application of concrete protection coating over blinding layer
5 Protection mortar layer over waterproofing/concrete protection coating
6 Steel rebar fixing for thin so called raft part of foundation beams frame
7 Formwork installation for thin raft part of foundation beams
8 Pouring thin raft part of foundations beam frame
9 Steel fixing for beams part of foundations
10 Formwork for beams part of foundations
11 Services’ inserts installations, within foundation beams
12 Pouring foundation beams, using self leveling compound mixed with concrete
13 Preparatory works for suspended slab for water tank cover
14 Pouring water tank suspended slab
15 Preparatory works for basement columns
16 Preparatory works for basement retaining walls one by one
17 Preparatory works for stairs basement first flight & pouring
18 Preparatory works for basement cover slab or ground slab & pouring
19 Columns for ground floor in sequence
20 Stair flight for ground to first floor
21 Suspended slab works for ground floor cover or first floor level slab
22 & similarly, all structural activities for whole remaining elements completed
23 Then, brick walling, plaster, render, roofing, flooring, marble stone flooring, painting,
wood work services etc all items
24 Installation of services fixes & commissioning all services

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
Part 10
Observations:
1 I tried to apply all efforts to extract a good quality of structure from workers used to
system in NCR but, I was successful to certain extent only.
2 It necessitates a lot of training to be imparted with skilled workers, as well as, self styled
contractors & foreman.
3 Most significant part that requires training is about, what should be real procedures of
producing, transporting & placing concrete mix, within right defined duration.
4 QA system is slackening on use of structural concrete.
5 Generally, RMC suppliers think that cube results only, dominate concrete.
6 There is no call in Bharat India to mandatory drill cores post concreting to ensure
accuracy or genuine sampling of cubes.
7 Concrete pouring gangs do work efficiently, but compliance with requirement raises a
question mark on various projects.
8 Absence of qualified engineers on supervision also, raises eyebrows. Public seems to be
ignorant & non serious about required quality of good concrete & very few understand
durability of concrete, as a basic property.
9 What is seen by eyes is considered building work, but, real technological requirements do
not reach builder or general public.
10 Promoters or builders befool consumers in name of international standards & make
profits from innocent buyers.
11 For further reference to understand this construction, many sketches have been attached
within chapter 13, sketch # 66 to 108, which I think should be useful to reader.
12 All these sketches are detailed well in architectural, structural, building services etc,
which can be referred to for grasping requirements on professional projects drawings &
documents issues.
13 I have experienced that contractors & engineers avoid preparation all detailed documents
for sake of time or cost, but I do not know exactly about what reason is behind that
neglecting approach
14 Interestingly, double mesh both ways reinforcing bars were included on suspended slabs
& almost all being 8 T, excepting certain cantilever beams.
15 Steel fixer contractor was scared to include 8 T only, but it was done to his surprise.
16 Similarly, 12 T reinforcing bars were included in many beams with span 11M, which
surprised many builders.
17 Steel contractor was surprised to see that polythene sheet was used to cover reinforcing
bars which were in store or others that had been placed on job.
18 Bars in store were used to be covered all days & only bars to be fabricated were
withdrawn & after, withdrawal, again polythene sheet covered.
19 Some reinforcing bars were due to rain, which rust was removed from bars by steel
brushing for many days.
20 It was also, surprising that workers removing loose rust did not feel happy to do task.
21 Brick walls were carried out, after slab formwork struck completely.
22 Elevation drawings were issued to contractor for walls windows areas, for parapet areas
23 No lintel was included, due to reverted design of windows
24 Reverted design means, top width being more than middle & middle width more than
lowest as all windows resembled stepping in two steps on all elevations

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
25 Purpose of had been to allow lesser loads from walls, as well as, to allow natural lights
to a maximum extent possible at least during day sunny hours.
26 Special design was drawn for roofing item utilizing used plywood, battens, polystyrene
etc, so that roof is thermally insulated, as well as, act acoustic.
27 It has also, been experienced that for such buildings, structures are not allowed, due
weight to design applications as architects or layman builders dominate such low profile
private clients market
28 Every unqualified in engineering person experienced as mason or carpenter, self appoints
as a builder or a promoter or a contractor winning jobs either @ labour element rate or as
a lump sum or item rate based, which results in carrying out designs, based on no design
calculations, while owners are misled in such situation
29 Owners are advised to save cost by not including design based structural elements
30 Conventional old tradition workers carry out their own assumed or practiced designs &
deliver non professional buildings, but well decorated from internal & external envelopes
keeping owner pleased
31 Such buildings are not even based on direct load calculations, forget about bending
moments, deflection or seismic shear altogether, while builder provides a guaranteed
verbatim statement to owner, pertinent to hundreds years long life of delivered building
32 Even higher dia. Steel reinforcing bars are included within suspended slabs, while,
required beams & columns are overlooked or neglected altogether
33 Generally, 225x225mm columns are added to certain locations, but within block walls
raised together to slab level followed by slab work
34 Curing got no specific meaning in such builder’s vocabulary, while some leave first day
post formwork striking surface of columns & others to natural curing by air!!!
35 Hope public could understand engineering & requirement of a well designed building

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR

Righ t Elevation

Arch itectur al
Elevation
500

2125
8.85 sqm 1.56
5 25 59 5
297297297297
594 47 5 475 475 47 5 300

738
3250
3250
738

738
3.0
737 300

3.24
52 5
3250

3250
73 8 3.4
437
100 300

750
1625 1.37
2.35 O WNE RS- SURAJ SINGH & SUMI TRA
2500
F O R Submiss ion
875
PLO T 43 0/1 A, SECTOR 2 1B, FARIDABAD-HUDA ARE A

Figure 4

Elevation

Arch itectu ral

500
P LOT 4 30 /1 A, SECTOR 21 B, FARIDABAD-HUD A AREA

3 250
1000
OWNER S- SURAJ SINGH & SUM ITR A

3 250
3 250
FO R Su b mission

3 250

3 750
300

1250

3 250
200 0 20 00

Left Elevation

Page 13 of 18 2012 Int. P Eng (India) Suraj Singh

 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
Figure 5

200 400 250 400 250 400 200

1378 800 1200 935 935 1200 1200 935 935 1200 800

PL OT 430/1A, SE CTO R 21B, FARIDABAD -H UD A ARE A

800

200
300
349 698 349 228

1.82

OWN E RS- SURAJ SING H & SU MIT RA

1.82

F O R S ubmi ssi on
349
349 228 2000
666

667

650
650

Fr on t Eleva tion
Ar ch itectu ral Eleva tion

Figure 6

FO R Su bmission
OWNER S- SURAJ SI NGH & SUMIT RA
PLOT 430 /1A, SE CTOR 2 1B, FARI DABAD-HUDA AREA
1371 37 59
V1
80 3

Arch itectu ral D1

BED
55 59
W1
2450 3 507 4 764
D2
D
900 850 9 00 900
V
V3 W
W2
524 D5 D4
900 D3
300

SF L+ 1 2' 0 "
pra yer
Ba th

4200 44 99
BED

1 000 850 W4
D8 D10
V5 90 0 2052
650 75 0
12 00 W1 5 D11 1 200
118 0
2 50
927 802
W5 47 49 51 53 55 57 59
10 70 V6
72 70
927 66 64 62 60
20 00

W6 800
10 00 W14
W7 1 500

1000

D ouble H eight
20 00 W8 W13 2000

SFL + 14'-6"
1500
W9
800 W12 15 00

D 13
2791 200 0
W10 W1 1 1800

First Floor pla n Sca le 1 : 50

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
Figure 7

A B C 40 0

3 00

2 00
D
T ypic al2 00

2 00
2 00 1 00

2 00

1 80 0

6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Leg ged /8 Ø r in gs @2 0 0 c/c 6 / 16 Ø in 1 l ayer , 4 oth e r layer 1000

6 / 12 Ø in 1 laye r, 4 ot h er la ye r
6 / 1 2 Ø i n 1 la yer
2472

2 4 / 12 Ø ea ch in 2 layer s 6 / 12 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Leg ged /8 Ø r in gs @2 0 0 c/c 6 / 1 2 Ø eac h in 3 la yers

6 / 1 6 Ø ea ch i n 3 la yer s
6 / 12 Ø in 1 layer

6 / 1 6 Ø e ach in 3 layer s
2300
3 4 / 12 Ø ea ch in 2 layer s 6 / 1 2 Ø e ach in 2 layer s 4 L egge d/8 Ø r in g s @ 20 0 c/c 6 / 12 Ø

6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s
6 / 12 Ø in 1 l ayer , 4 in a n oth er r

6 / 1 6 Ø e ach in 4 la ye rs
2777
4 6 / 12 Ø
6 / 1 2 Ø e ach in 3 la ye rs

6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Leg ged /8 Ø r in gs @2 0 0 c/c 4 / 1 2 Ø in 2 layer s

6 / 1 2 Ø ea ch in 3 layer s
2499
4 / 1 2 Ø i n 1 la yer

5 6 / 12 Ø 6 / 16 Ø ea ch in 3 l ayer s 4 Leg ged /8 Ø r in gs @2 0 0 c/c 4 / 1 2 Ø in 2 layer s

Fou ndations Beams Rebars P lan

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
Figure 8

OWNE RS- SUR AJ SINGH & SUM ITR A

S elect objects:
Area = 156403737, Length = 53010 P LOT 43 0/1A, S ECTOR 2 1B, FAR IDABAD-HUDA AR EA
8851
A B C 29'0"
D
1000
8'2"
1 2472
1000
15'8"
4768
4'6" 1378 3390 11'2"
2472

2
4'6"1378
2300
3 1000
12848
17'0" 42'1.5"
E xcavat ion Level -3.125 M
103765177 2777
34'0" 4

2499

5 2699
8'10"
1000

12241
40'2"
13619
44'8"

Foun da tions Exca va tion s Pla n

H a ll por tion Area 156 sqm

Part 11
Quality Systems: Lessons Learnt & Conclusions
1 Quality Requirement is More Significant than Quality Awareness.
2 Quality requirement must be binding leaving chalta he or quality last attitude written
off for ever to be replaced by thik karo or quality must attitude.
3 Quality Systems Requirement must be adherently, applied from Designs to Tendering to
Award to Supervision to Execution of Construction Operations, as well as, post
construction maintenance.
4 Merely, signing off documents is not sufficient, but, carrying out of activities & cent per
cent inspections or examinations are mandatory.
5 Those personnel involved with quality system operations, must be themselves quality
competent, as well as, quality supportive & must campaign for its realty achievement by
encouraging other department’s personnel. Responsibility ignoring personnel spoil whole
system quality.
6 Lapse on quality cannot be digested in any case, whether activity belongs to pre
earthquake preventive measures or belongs to a post earthquake disaster management.
7 Loss of lives due to negligence cannot be compromised. Generally, it has been
experienced in almost all spheres that after quality system introduction for decades,
products quality has not resulted as expected consequently, by inefficient compliance of
quality system.
8 Lapse of quality on performance & its inefficiency cannot be allowed to be digested with
any disaster mitigation scenario whether, it has to be in operation or it has to be as
supporting resources or as involving leading authorities, whosoever & howsoever big one
may be.
9 Hard work input, determination, dedication, commitment, implementation, post
implementation scrutiny or audits, are all a must & must be seen, duly performing in
addition to approved or recognized agreements.
10 Bare talks & statements would not work to give required results. Real action must be seen
doing by one & by all members of all departments teams.

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
11 No leniency should be accepted on doing any activity to requirement in any department
or section.
12 Safety first & Quality must attitude must be adopted, as a strong potential slogan.
13 Can we understand this?
14 Since world has been changing then Bharat/India has to change otherwise, there would be
no way to escape from due responsibility & legal liability.
15 Know safety, no pain versus No safety, Know pain.
16 Can we understand it?

Other buildings
1 Chapter 13, sketch # 63 & 64 an officer’s apartment/flat & an administrative building
respectively, provide more proposals for construction purpose
2 As described in foregoing, similar, sequence for respective activities should be followed
3 All such buildings are RCC structures with internal & external finished on same pattern
or scheme
4 Sketch # 61 shows a central control building, which constitutes a part of major facilities
project with wide dimensions
5 Purpose of such building is to house all central controls that are required to control all
processes trains on a chemical processing plant
6 Since, this type of building is located in off sites of processing areas, such structure must
be blast resistant/resilient, due to fact that its distance of extreme corner lies within in
200/600 m of process area location for which, sketch # 20 indicative facility layout could
be referred
7 Sketch does not show complete details of settings out but, only that part, which requires
blast resistance that can be provided including RCC walls on periphery allowing blast
resistant steel thick doors on indicated locations or if so required, on other locations as
well.
8 CCB type building should have IT access room, with raised floor system to contain
optical networking supporting arrangements cabling
9 CCB must have devised with all equipment that would be required for total processing
controls & should have adequate accommodation capacity, as well as, internal circulation
areas from safety & ergonomics viewpoint
10 Entry locations should be provided with air lock doors/entries
11 Internal controls should be provided with access card system or other security &
surveillance system
12 CCB must have integration with CCTV network/SCADA controls etc.
13 Sketch # 62 indicates a line plan for a substation building, which requires blast resilience
or resistant design provisions
14 When such building is located within 200 M from process area, it should be blast
resistant & accordingly RC walls & slabs should be provided, while no precast elements
preferred on such buildings
15 When located, between 200 to 600 M, it could be blast resilient
16 When located more than 600 m, it could be non blast building/an ordinary structure
involving normal loads, wind loads & seismic shears applications
17 Substation constitutes cable cellar, high voltage switch gear area, transformer area,
control offices areas

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 Buildings Practice For Professionals
Construction Method Statements
Chapter 10 House Building in NCR
18 Walls should be RCC constructed for blast resistant case in addition to RCC roof
19 RCC Columns should be constructed for blast resilience case in addition to RCC roof
20 Walls should be concrete block with normal reinforcement in voids/horizontal alternative
courses constructed for blast resilience or non blast areas
21 Precast slabs or walls should not be used for blast impact locations, due to no viability
22 Transformers party walls should be RCC constructed for blast, as well as, for fire loading
23 For all such critical buildings in process areas or in off sites, adequate provisions should
be made for loss prevention utilizing either FM 200 system or Inergen gas system, which
performs on basis of consideration that during fire, area in scope, is sealed in seconds
allowing no fire spread
24 Sketch #65 show a general arrangement, pertinent to a sectional tank, respecting water
storage tank in plant areas, where no single unit tank can be useful due to certain reasons
25 Single unit tank does not allow continuation of water service, in case of problem is
involved with tank but, sectional design, can allow continuation by holding affecting
sectional cube
26 Tank is shown in 4 # vertical layers or row as, while it has 15 # units horizontally in each
row, which arrangement capacitates to defined quantity
27 Tanks has to rest on ground for which, foundation is required
28 Foundation beams have been located to bear load in such a way that end beams carry
weight/load from one unit mount or stack only, while intermediate beams, carry from two
unit mounts or stack
29 Whole area require excavation in shallow depths, compaction, blinding, concrete
protection, protection concrete, formworks for beams, steel placing, concrete pouring etc.
30 A pump shed is also, required to be constructed adjacent to this tank by installing a pump
plinth or base based on machine design calculations

Page 18 of 18 2012 Int. P Eng (India) Suraj Singh