Manufacture of Value Added Products from Rice

Husk (Hull) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA)(2nd Revised

Edition)

Author: NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers

Format: Paperback
ISBN: 9789381039809
Code: NI304
Pages: 212
Price: Rs. 1,400.00 US$ 150.00
Publisher: NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Usually ships within 5 days

Manufacture of Value Added Products from Rice Husk (Hull) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA)
(Precipitated Silica, Activated Carbon, Cement, Electricity, Ethanol, Hardboard, Oxalic Acid, Paper, Particle
Board, Rice Husk Briquettes, Rice Husk Pellet, Silicon, Sodium Silicate Projects)(2nd Revised Edition)

Rice husk is the outermost layer of protection encasing a rice grain. Rice husk was largely considered a
waste product that was often burned or dumped on landfills. Many ways are being thought for disposal of rice
husk and only a small quantity of rice husk is used in agricultural field as a fertilizer, or as bedding and for
stabilisation of soils. Therefore, the use of rice husk as rice husk ash is one of the most viable solution. The
husk can be used for poultry farming, composting or burning. In the case of burning, it has been used as
biomass to power reactors to generate thermal or electrical energy. India is a major rice producing country
and the husk generated during milling is mostly used as a fuel in the boilers for processing paddy, producing
energy through direct combustion and / or by gasification.

The rice husk ash causes more environmental pollution and its disposal becomes a problem, hence requires
attention regarding its disposal and its reuse. The ash is mainly composed of carbon and silica due to which it
is used to manufacture different value added products. This book provides thorough information to utilize
RHA with process pathway for economically valuable products.

This handbook explains manufacturing process with flow diagrams of various value added products from rice
husk & rice husk ash, photographs of plant & machinery with supplier’s contact details and sample plant
layout & process flow sheets. The major contents of the book are rice husk, rice husk ash RHA), precipitated
silica from rice husk ash, activated carbon from rice husk, cement from rice husk ash, electricity from rice
husk, ethanol from rice husk, hardboard from rice husk, oxalic acid from rice husk, paper from rice husk,
particle board from rice husk, rice husk briquettes, rice husk pellet, silicon from rice husk, sodium silicate from
rice husk, packaging.

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This book will be a mile stone for the entrepreneurs, existing units, professionals, libraries and others
interested in recovery of value added products from rice husk (rice hull) & rice husk ash to explore an
economic way for recycle and reuse of agricultural waste.

Contents
1. Rice Husk (Hull)
Composition of Rice Husk
Properties of Rice Hull
Use & Applications of Rice Husk
(a) As an Industrial Fuel
(b) Preparation of Activated Carbon
(c) Rice Husk as a Fertilizer and Substrate
(d) As Pet Food Fiber
(e) Substrate for Silica and Silicon Compound
(f) Used for Making Bricks
(g) Rice Husk as Fireworks
(h) Used as Pillow Stuffing
(i) Other Uses
Rice Husk as an Adsorbent for Heavy Metals

2. Rice Husk Ash (RHA)

Physical Properties of Rice Husk Ash
Chemical Composition of Rice Husk Ash
Applications
Use of RHA in Several Industrial Applications
1. As a Replacement to Silica Fume
2. As an Admixture in Low Cost Concrete Block Manufacturing
3. As a Tundish Powder in Steel Casting Industries
4. Manufacturing Refractory Bricks
5. Control of Insect Pests in Stored Food Stuffs
6. In the Vulcanizing Rubber
7. In the Water Purification
8. As a Flue Gas Desulphurization Absorbent

3. Precipitated Silica from Rice Husk Ash

Typical Properties
Physico - Chemical Characteristics of Precipitated Silica
1. pH Value
2. Drying Loss
3. Ignition Loss
4. DBP Absorption
5. SiO2 Content
6. SIEVE Residue
7. Tamped Density
Uses & Applications
Rubber Grade Precipitated Silica
Non Rubber Grade Precipitated Silica
Manufacturing Process
Digestion
Precipitation

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Regeneration
Process Flow Diagram

4. Activated Carbon from Rice Husk

Forms of Activated Carbon
Physical Characteristics
Uses and Applications of Activated Carbon
Manufacturing Process

5. Cement from Rice Husk Ash

Varieties of Cement
Uses of Cement
Manufacturing Process
1. Manufacture of Lime
Calcination
Hydration
2. Manufacture of Burnt Rice Husk
3. Mixing & Grinding
4. Packing & Forwarding

6. Electricity from Rice Husk

Procedure of Electricity Generation from Rice Husk
Downdraft Gasification
Purification Unit
Turbine and Generation Unit

7. Ethanol from Rice Husk

Ethanol is Used
Chemical Properties of Ethanol
Grades of Ethanol
Denatured Alcohol
Absolute Alcohol
Rectified Spirits
Manufacturing Process
Cellulosic Ethanol
Purification Distillation
Process Flow Diagram

8. Hardboard from Rice Husk

Properties
Uses of Hardboard
Furniture
Construction
Auto Industry
Packaging and Other
Manufacturing Processes
Blending
Adhesive Preparation
Adhesive Mixing
Mat Formation
Cole Pressing
Hot Pressing
Sanding and Finishing

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Process Flow Diagram

9. Oxalic Acid from Rice Husk

Physical and Chemical Properties of Oxalic Acids
Uses of Oxalic Acid
1. Bleaching
2. Removing Stains
3. Removing Rusts
4. Other Uses
Manufacturing Process
Process Flow Sheet

10. Paper from Rice Husk

Uses & Applications
Process of Manufacture for Rice Husk
Raw Material Storage & Preparation
Husk Pulping
Waste Paper Pulping
Screening of the Pulp
Pulp Beating & Refining
Sizing & Loading
Refining
Paper Making and Finishing

11. Particle Board from Rice Husk

Advantages of Particleboard
Uses & Applications
Manufacturing Process of Pre Laminated Board
Flow Sheet for Manufacturing of Pre-Liminated Particle Board
Traditional Approach for Manufacturing Rice Husk Particleboards
Adhesives in Particleboards
1. Synthetic Adhesives
Phenol-formaldehyde (PF)
Urea-formaldehyde (UF)
2. Natural adhesives
Soybean Adhesive
Starch Adhesive

12. Rice Husk Briquettes

Various Types of Briquettes
Biomass Briquettes
Sawdust Briquettes
Agro waste Briquettes
Wood Briquettes
White Coal Briquettes
Uses of Briquettes
Applications of Briquettes in Various Industries

13. Rice Husk Pellet (RHP)

Why Make Rice Husk Pellets?
Property of Rice Husk Pellet
Advantages of Pelletizing Rice Husk into Pellet
a. Good to Environment

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b. Convenient
c. High Effectiveness
d. Wide Application
Manufacturing Process
a. Drying
b. Pelletizing
c. Cooling and Packing
Process Flow Diagram

14. Silicon from Rice Husk

Properties
Physical Properties
Chemical Properties
Electrical Properties
Uses
Uses of Silicon Based Products in Different Sectors
Computers and Electronics
Automobiles
Textiles
Household
Personal Care
Healthcare
Paper
Manufacturing
Food and Related Industries
Manufacturing Process
1. Digestion
2. Precipitation
3. Regeneration
Production of Silicon
Process Flow Diagram

15. Sodium Silicate from Rice Husk

Sodium Silicate Physical and Chemical Properties…
Uses of Sodium Silicate
Properties of Sodium Silicate
Manufacturing Process
Safety Procedures in Handling Sodium Silicates
Process Flow Diagram

16. How to Make Hollow Blocks from Rice Hull

Procedure

17. Packaging
Types of Packaging Materials
Plastic
Metal
Brick Carton
Cardboard
Glass
Functions of Packaging
Containment
Protection

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Convenience
Communication
Package Environments
1. Physical Environment
2. Ambient Environment
3. Human Environment
Levels of Packaging
Selection of Proper Packaging for Industrial Product
Flexible Industrial Packaging - Paper and Plastic
Rigid Industrial Packaging - Wooden, Metal, Plastic
Labelling
Labels for Chemical Products

18. BIS Specifications

Cement
Activated Carbon
Particle Board
Silicon
Silica
Sodium Silicate
Oxalic Acid

19. Photographs of Plant & Machinery with Supplier’s Contact Details

20. Sample Plant Layout & Process Flow Sheets

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